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Diffstat (limited to 'crypto/openssh/WARNING.RNG')
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diff --git a/crypto/openssh/WARNING.RNG b/crypto/openssh/WARNING.RNG deleted file mode 100644 index 97da74f..0000000 --- a/crypto/openssh/WARNING.RNG +++ /dev/null @@ -1,95 +0,0 @@ -This document contains a description of portable OpenSSH's random -number collection code. An alternate reading of this text could -well be titled "Why I should pressure my system vendor to supply -/dev/random in their OS". - -Why is this important? OpenSSH depends on good, unpredictable numbers -for generating keys, performing digital signatures and forming -cryptographic challenges. If the random numbers that it uses are -predictable, then the strength of the whole system is compromised. - -A particularly pernicious problem arises with DSA keys (used by the -ssh2 protocol). Performing a DSA signature (which is required for -authentication), entails the use of a 160 bit random number. If an -attacker can predict this number, then they can deduce your *private* -key and impersonate you or your hosts. - -If you are using the builtin random number support (configure will -tell you if this is the case), then read this document in its entirety. -Alternately, you can use Lutz Jaenicke's PRNGd - a small daemon which -collects random numbers and makes them available by a socket. - -Please also request that your OS vendor provides a kernel-based random -number collector (/dev/random) in future versions of your operating -systems by default. - -On to the description... - -The portable OpenSSH contains random number collection support for -systems which lack a kernel entropy pool (/dev/random). - -This collector (as of 3.1 and beyond) comes as an external application -that allows the local admin to decide on how to implement entropy -collection. - -The default entropy collector operates by executing the programs listed -in ($etcdir)/ssh_prng_cmds, reading their output and adding it to the -PRNG supplied by OpenSSL (which is hash-based). It also stirs in the -output of several system calls and timings from the execution of the -programs that it runs. - -The ssh_prng_cmds file also specifies a 'rate' for each program. This -represents the number of bits of randomness per byte of output from -the specified program. - -The random number code will also read and save a seed file to -~/.ssh/prng_seed. This contents of this file are added to the random -number generator at startup. The goal here is to maintain as much -randomness between sessions as possible. - -The default entropy collection code has two main problems: - -1. It is slow. - -Executing each program in the list can take a large amount of time, -especially on slower machines. Additionally some program can take a -disproportionate time to execute. - -Tuning the random helper can be done by running ./ssh-random-helper in -very verbose mode ("-vvv") and identifying the commands that are taking -excessive amounts of time or hanging altogher. Any problem commands can -be modified or removed from ssh_prng_cmds. - -The default entropy collector will timeout programs which take too long -to execute, the actual timeout used can be adjusted with the ---with-entropy-timeout configure option. OpenSSH will not try to -re-execute programs which have not been found, have had a non-zero -exit status or have timed out more than a couple of times. - -2. Estimating the real 'rate' of program outputs is non-trivial - -The shear volume of the task is problematic: there are currently -around 50 commands in the ssh_prng_cmds list, portable OpenSSH -supports at least 12 different OSs. That is already 600 sets of data -to be analysed, without taking into account the numerous differences -between versions of each OS. - -On top of this, the different commands can produce varying amounts of -usable data depending on how busy the machine is, how long it has been -up and various other factors. - -To make matters even more complex, some of the commands are reporting -largely the same data as other commands (eg. the various "ps" calls). - - -How to avoid the default entropy code? - -The best way is to read the OpenSSL documentation and recompile OpenSSL -to use prngd or egd. Some platforms (like earily solaris) have 3rd -party /dev/random devices that can be also used for this task. - -If you are forced to use ssh-rand-helper consider still downloading -prngd/egd and configure OpenSSH using --with-prngd-port=xx or ---with-prngd-socket=xx (refer to INSTALL for more information). - -$Id: WARNING.RNG,v 1.8 2005/05/26 01:47:54 djm Exp $ |
