diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/tzdata')
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/africa | 1234 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/antarctica | 387 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/asia | 2791 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/australasia | 1728 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/backward | 121 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/etcetera | 80 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/europe | 3340 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/factory | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list | 239 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/leapseconds | 100 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/northamerica | 3148 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/pacificnew | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/southamerica | 1699 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/systemv | 37 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | contrib/tzdata/yearistype.sh | 38 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/zone.tab | 439 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/zone1970.tab | 370 |
17 files changed, 15787 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/africa b/contrib/tzdata/africa new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ace7e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/africa @@ -0,0 +1,1234 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, +# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which +# I found in the UCLA library. +# +# For data circa 1899, a common source is: +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. +# +# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is +# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). +# +# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT +# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, +# but Mark R V Murray reports that +# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, +# 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and +# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for +# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". +# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference. +# +# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; +# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, +# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. +# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African +# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. +# +# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: +# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) +# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time +# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time +# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time +# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: +# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time +# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 +# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of +# until we get more information. +# +# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! +# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time +# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) +# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) +# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) +# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) +# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time +# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) + +# Algeria +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - +Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - +Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - +Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - +Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - +Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - +Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - +Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - +Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's +# more precise 0:09:21. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time + 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 + 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 + 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 + 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 + 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 + 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 + 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May + 1:00 - CET + +# Angola +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 + 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time + 1:00 - WAT + +# Benin +# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 + 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Botswana +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; +# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 + 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar + 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 + 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 + 2:00 - CAT + +# Burkina Faso +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Burundi +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 + 2:00 - CAT + +# Cameroon +# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Cape Verde +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia + -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep + -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 + -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 + -1:00 - CVT + +# Central African Republic +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Chad +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena + 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 + 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Comoros +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro + 3:00 - EAT + +# Democratic Republic of Congo +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 + 1:00 - WAT +Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 + 2:00 - CAT + +# Republic of the Congo +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Côte D'Ivoire / Ivory Coast +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 + 0:00 - GMT +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome # São Tomé and Príncipe +Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena + +# Djibouti +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul + 3:00 - EAT + +############################################################################### + +# Egypt + +# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh +# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for +# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this +# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S +# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. +# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): +# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight +# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of +# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." +# +# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time +# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 +# or +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html +Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): +# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: +# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday +# after observing the daylight saving time since May. +# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf +Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - +# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): +# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight +# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] +# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm +# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: +# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm +Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - +# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): +# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter +# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each +# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite +# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by +# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, +# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. +# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): +# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. + +# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): +# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): +# +# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 +# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = +# Apr 23 +# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 +# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = +# Apr 24 +# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 +# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = +# Aug 27 +# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 +# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = +# Aug 27 +# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 +# +# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= +# :59) +# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ +# +# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. +# +# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 +# [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 +# [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): +# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth +# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday +# in September. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): +# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet +# Information and Decision Support Center: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html +# +# The Middle East News Agency +# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx +# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" +# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." +# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, +# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine +# (at least today). + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): +# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has +# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during +# Ramadan. +# +# Arabic translation: +# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" +# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html + +# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): +# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 +# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx + +# From Gunther Vermier (2015-05-13): +# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) + +# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): +# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes +# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at +# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... +# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... +# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to +# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, +# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, +# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve +# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been +# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... +# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): +# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says +# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited +# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is +# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: +# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 +# +# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use +# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at +# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the +# first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this, +# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running +# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated +# by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed +# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff. +# (let ((islamic-year 1436)) +# (while (< islamic-year 1460) +# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) +# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) +# (friday 5)) +# (while (/= friday (mod a 7)) +# (setq a (1- a))) +# (while (/= friday (mod b 7)) +# (setq b (1+ b))) +# (setq a (1- a)) +# (setq b (1- b)) +# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) +# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) +# (insert +# (format +# (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" +# "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n") +# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) +# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) +# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) +Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2015 2019 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 11 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 23 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 2 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 25 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 29 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 10 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 2 24:00 0 - +Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 6 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 28 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 5 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct + 2:00 Egypt EE%sT + +# Equatorial Guinea +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 + 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Eritrea +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 + 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time + 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT + 3:00 - EAT + +# Ethiopia +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31): +# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a +# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our +# 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic. +# +# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time +# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in +# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50 +# was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data are wrong anyway. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 + 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT + 3:00 - EAT + +# Gabon +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Gambia +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Ghana +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present"; +# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942; +# and September 1 to January 1 is given by: +# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book, +# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii. +# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942. +Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST +Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 + 0:00 Ghana %s + +# Guinea +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Guinea-Bissau +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 + -1:00 - WAT 1975 + 0:00 - GMT + +# Kenya +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul + 3:00 - EAT 1930 + 2:30 - BEAT 1940 + 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 + 3:00 - EAT + +# Lesotho +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 + 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 + 2:00 - SAST + +# Liberia +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch +# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. +# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. +# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and +# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 + -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time + -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time + 0:00 - GMT + +############################################################################### + +# Libya + +# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): +# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. +# http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ +# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc +# +# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in +# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html +# +# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): +# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. +# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe +# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on +# lastFri instead of lastSun). + +# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): +# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was +# cancelled yesterday.... +# http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ +# +# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): +# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - +Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 + 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 + 2:00 - EET 1982 + 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 +# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; +# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. + 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 + 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 + 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 + 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 + 2:00 - EET + +# Madagascar +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul + 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s + 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s + 3:00 - EAT + +# Malawi +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - CAT + +# Mali +# Mauritania +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Mauritius + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): +# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial +# basis.... +# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to +# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): +# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): +# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A +# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving +# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. + +# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): +# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): +# According to +# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 +# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier +# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start +# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time +# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). +# +# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date +# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, +# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in +# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder +# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which +# changes two days later. + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): +# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving +# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally +# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... +# +# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction +# de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 +# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html + +# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): +# The Government of Mauritius weblink +# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD +# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: +# +# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly +# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in +# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of +# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United +# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the +# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on +# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the +# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 +# and end on 29 March 2009. + +# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): +# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the +# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the +# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. +# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): +# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe +# DST the coming summer... +# +# Some sources, in French: +# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB +# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- +# +# Our wrap-up: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): +# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: +# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour +# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - +Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis + 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time +# Agalega Is, Rodriguez +# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius + +# Mayotte +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou + 3:00 - EAT + +# Morocco +# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): +# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between +# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. +# +# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will +# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to +# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html +# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): +# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: +# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view +# +# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. +# spokesman. + +# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): +# According to this article: +# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html +# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) +# the changes occur at midnight: +# +# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be +# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) +# Sunday night the 28th at midnight +# +# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say +# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and +# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive +# June 1st to Sept 27th. +# +# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree +# published on the web. +# +# It's also confirmed here: +# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm +# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet +# posted in English). +# +# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: +# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): +# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 +# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end +# of September: +# +# One article about it (in French): +# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default +# +# We have some further details posted here: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): +# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according +# to many sources, such as +# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html +# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 +# (French) +# +# Our summary: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): +# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, +# Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics +# +# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) +# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of +# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be +# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. +# +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): +# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization +# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from +# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. +# +# Example: +# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html +# (French) +# Our page: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html + +# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): +# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) +# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 +# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 +# ...Official links of change in morocco +# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio +# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at +# +212.537.71.84.00 +# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ +# They said that +# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view +# is the official publication to look at. +# They said that the decision was already taken. +# +# More articles in the press +# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html +# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 +# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim + +# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): +# They have it written in English here: +# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view +# +# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, +# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of +# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has +# also been like that in the past. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): +# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), +# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: +# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été +# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 +# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on +# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on +# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) +# except the month of Ramadan. +# or (brief) +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): +# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in +# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; +# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. +# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about +# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. + +# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): +# Seen Morocco change again: +# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php +# "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, +# comme annoncé précédemment." + +# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): +# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] +# +# Google translation, lightly edited: +# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) +# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, +# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the +# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry +# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return +# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until +# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from +# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes +# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): +# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be +# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government +# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be +# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see +# <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>. + +# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): +# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings +# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: +# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): +# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day +# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for +# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 +# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official +# source (French): +# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 +# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): +# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html + +# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): +# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp + +# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): +# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return +# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST +# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... +# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05): +# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules, +# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last +# Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after +# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were +# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the +# results integrated by hand into the table below. +# (let ((islamic-year 1436)) +# (while (< islamic-year 1460) +# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) +# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) +# (saturday 6)) +# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) +# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7)) +# (setq b (1+ b))) +# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) +# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) +# (insert +# (format +# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" +# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") +# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) +# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) +# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) + +# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S + +Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - +Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 13 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 4 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 9 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 20 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 12 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 16 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 4 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 18 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 30 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 2 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 7 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 27 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 18 3:00 0 - +Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 10 3:00 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 + 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 + 1:00 - CET 1986 + 0:00 Morocco WE%sT + +# Western Sahara +# +# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): +# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters +# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as +# Morocco does. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): +# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, +# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. + +Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún + -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 + 0:00 Morocco WE%sT + +# Mozambique +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - CAT + +# Namibia +# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. +# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. + +# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in +# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: +# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other +# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there +# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of +# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of +# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest +# of the country. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): +# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but +# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. + +# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 + 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time + 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 + 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 + 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence + 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 + 1:00 Namibia WA%sT + +# Niger +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 + -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 + 0:00 - GMT 1960 + 1:00 - WAT + +# Nigeria +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep + 1:00 - WAT + +# Réunion +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis + 4:00 - RET # Réunion Time +# +# Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file. +# +# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows. +# The following information about them is taken from +# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, +# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). +# We have no info about their time zone histories. +# +# Bassas da India - uninhabited +# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families +# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 +# Juan de Nova - uninhabited +# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 + +# Rwanda +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun + 2:00 - CAT + +# St Helena +# See Africa/Abidjan. +# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: +# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA +# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA +# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): +# on GMT, says the CIA +# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited + +# São Tomé and Príncipe +# Senegal +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Seychelles +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria + 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time +# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): +# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the +# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory +# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know +# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. +# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. + +# Sierra Leone +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Somalia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov + 3:00 - EAT 1931 + 2:30 - BEAT 1957 + 3:00 - EAT + +# South Africa +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - +Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 + 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar + 2:00 SA SAST +# Marion and Prince Edward Is +# scientific station since 1947 +# no information + +# Sudan +# +# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> +# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), +# also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: +# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon +# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for +# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - +Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 + 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 + 3:00 - EAT + +# South Sudan +Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba + +# Swaziland +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - SAST + +# Tanzania +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 + 3:00 - EAT 1948 + 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 + 3:00 - EAT + +# Togo +# See Africa/Abidjan. + +# Tunisia + +# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): +# My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, +# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News +# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP +# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by +# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be +# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next +# Saturday." (My translation) +# +# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): +# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... +# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> +# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, +# 1h standard time. +# +# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): +# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: +# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 +# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... +# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): +# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. +# (Arabic) +# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 +# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp +# +# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. +# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): +# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency +# +# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): +# +# (in English) +# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 +# +# (in Arabic) +# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): +# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is +# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period +# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept +# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception +# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): +# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 +# +# (translation): +# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on +# Sunday... +# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also +# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." +# +# (in Arabic) +# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 +# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - +Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - +Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's +# more precise 0:09:21. +# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time + 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT + +# Uganda +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul + 3:00 - EAT 1930 + 2:30 - BEAT 1948 + 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 + 3:00 - EAT + +# Zambia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - CAT + +# Zimbabwe +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar + 2:00 - CAT diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/antarctica b/contrib/tzdata/antarctica new file mode 100644 index 0000000..912232a --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/antarctica @@ -0,0 +1,387 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): +# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see +# COMNAP - Stations and Bases +# <http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/> +# and +# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) +# <http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm> +# for information. +# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. +# +# Except for the French entries, +# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! +# FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. + +# These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - +Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S +Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, +# which is used below in specifying the transition. +Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - +Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S + +# Argentina - year-round bases +# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 +# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 +# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 +# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 +# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 +# San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 +# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) + +# Australia - territories +# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) +# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered +# Margaret Turner reports +# <http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html> +# (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST; +# presumably this is when they have visitors. +# +# year-round bases +# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 +# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 +# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) +# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): +# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: +# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 +# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 +# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 +# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). +# +# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) +# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 +# +# We have more background information here: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): +# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... +# +# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. +# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but +# has not been decided yet. +# +# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 +# 20:00 UTC. +# +# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. +# +# Background: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969 + 8:00 - AWST 2009 Oct 18 2:00 + # Australian Western Std Time + 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 + # Casey Time + 8:00 - AWST 2011 Oct 28 2:00 + 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u + 8:00 - AWST +Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13 + 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time + 0 - zzz 1969 Feb + 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 + 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u + 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00 + 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u + 7:00 - DAVT +Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 + 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 + # Mawson Time + 5:00 - MAWT +# References: +# Casey Weather (1998-02-26) +# <http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html> +# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) +# <http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html> +# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) +# <http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html> + +# Belgium - year-round base +# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 + +# Brazil - year-round base +# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 + +# Bulgaria - year-round base +# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 + +# Chile - year-round bases and towns +# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 +# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 +# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 +# Prat, -6230-05941 +# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 +# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. + +# China - year-round bases +# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 +# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 + +# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") +# +# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): +# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP +# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). +# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases +# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came +# from Tasmania. +# +# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants +# +# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; +# sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; +# see Indian/Reunion. +# +# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 +# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; +# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 +# +# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited +# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Français + 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time +# +# year-round base in the main continent +# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 +# <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05) +# +# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. +# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 + 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time + 0 - zzz 1956 Nov + 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time + +# France & Italy - year-round base +# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 + +# Germany - year-round base +# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 + +# India - year-round bases +# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 +# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 + +# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") +# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 + +# Japan - year-round bases +# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 +# +# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): +# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. +# +# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, +# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main +# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 + 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time +# See: +# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) +# <http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html> + +# S Korea - year-round base +# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 +# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 + +# New Zealand - claims +# Balleny Islands (never inhabited) +# Scott Island (never inhabited) +# +# year-round base +# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. +# See Pacific/Auckland. + +# Norway - territories +# Bouvet (never inhabited) +# +# claims +# Peter I Island (never inhabited) +# +# year-round base +# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 +# +# From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): +# I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. +# In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: +# GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March +# GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October +# GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 +# GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 +# The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely +# correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): +# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as +# suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate +# with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +#Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 CET +Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 CEST +#Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 CET +#Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 UTC +# Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. +Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12 + 0:00 Troll %s + +# Poland - year-round base +# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 + +# Romania - year-bound base +# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 + +# Russia - year-round bases +# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 +# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 +# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, +# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 +# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, +# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 + +# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 +# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15) +# <http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP>: +# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same +# time as Moscow, Russia. +# +# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): +# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is +# what they had to say about time there: +# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) +# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was +# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead +# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The +# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): +# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it +# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local +# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this +# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean +# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks +# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time +# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6. +# +Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 + 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time + +# S Africa - year-round bases +# Marion Island, -4653+03752 +# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 + +# Ukraine - year-round base +# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 + +# United Kingdom +# +# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims +# South Orkney Islands +# scientific station from 1903 +# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 +# South Shetland Islands +# +# year-round bases +# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 +# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, +# scientific station 1943/1967, +# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, +# and a garrison was deployed briefly +# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 +# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated +# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. +# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 +# +# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) +# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 + -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time + +# Uruguay - year round base +# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 + +# USA - year-round bases +# +# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) +# +# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06): +# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us +# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... +# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, +# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, +# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 + -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May + -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT +# +# +# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 +# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 +# +# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): +# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, +# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, +# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 +# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, +# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year +# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) +# +# From Susan Smith +# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html +# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): +# We use the same time as McMurdo does. +# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... +# One last quirk about South Pole time. +# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. +# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something +# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, +# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. +# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! +# +# See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo. diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/asia b/contrib/tzdata/asia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6130e59 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/asia @@ -0,0 +1,2791 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): +# +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, +# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which +# I found in the UCLA library. +# +# For data circa 1899, a common source is: +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. +# +# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is +# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). +# +# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; +# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. +# Corrections are welcome! +# std dst +# LMT Local Mean Time +# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time +# 2:00 IST IDT Israel +# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* +# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran +# 4:00 GST Gulf* +# 5:30 IST India +# 7:00 ICT Indochina* +# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) +# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) +# 8:00 CST China +# 8:00 JWST Western Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)* +# 9:00 JCST Central Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937) +# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) +# 9:00 JST JDT Japan +# 9:00 KST KDT Korea +# 9:30 ACST Australian Central Standard Time +# +# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. + +# From Guy Harris: +# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as +# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental +# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - +# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. + +############################################################################### + +# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S +Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - +Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - +Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S +Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - +Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# Afghanistan +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 + 4:00 - AFT 1945 + 4:30 - AFT + +# Armenia +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) +# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then +# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even +# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz +# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST +# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that +# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, +# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): +# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to +# follow Russia's "old" rules. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): +# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, +# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html +# +# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the +# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of +# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. +# or +# (brief) +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time + 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence + 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s + 4:00 - AMT 1997 + 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s + 4:00 - AMT + +# Azerbaijan +# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): +# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 +# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S +Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time + 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence + 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 + 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time + 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 + 4:00 Azer AZ%sT + +# Bahrain +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah + 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun + 3:00 - AST + +# Bangladesh +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): +# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce +# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 +# +# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 +# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html +# +# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from +# June +# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with +# crippling power crisis. " +# +# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if +# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): +# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between +# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. +# +# Some sources: +# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 +# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 +# +# Our wrap-up: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html + +# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): +# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start +# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh +# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). +# +# No DST end date has been announced yet. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): +# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, +# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. +# +# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": +# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" +# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): +# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: +# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make +# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would +# "continue for an indefinite period." +# +# One of many places where it is published: +# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): +# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," +# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. +# +# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. +# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html +# +# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour +# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, +# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime +# Minister's Office last night..." + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): +# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," +# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time +# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 + 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? + 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time + 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep + 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 + 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time + 6:00 - BDT 2009 + 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT + +# Bhutan +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu + 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct + 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time + +# British Indian Ocean Territory +# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the +# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. +# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; +# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which +# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 + 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time + 6:00 - IOT + +# Brunei +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan + 7:30 - BNT 1933 + 8:00 - BNT + +# Burma / Myanmar + +# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon + 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? + 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time + 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 + 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time + +# Cambodia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 + 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? + 7:00 - ICT 1912 May + 8:00 - ICT 1931 May + 7:00 - ICT + +# China + +# From Guy Harris: +# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. + +# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): +# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though +# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the +# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China +# has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of +# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. +# +# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too +# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for +# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): +# +# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 +# 1987 mid-April - ?? + +# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): +# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN +# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 + +# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): +# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight +# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began +# observing daylight saving time in 1986. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): +# Shanks & Pottenger have China switching to a single time zone in 1980, but +# this doesn't seem to be correct. They also write that China observed summer +# DST from 1986 through 1991, which seems to match the above commentary, so +# go with them for DST rules as follows: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D +Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D +Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S +Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D + +# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): +# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five +# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official +# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14): +# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the +# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county +# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two +# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, +# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are +# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege +# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 +# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two +# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): +# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: +# +# (1) +# Guo Qingsheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) +# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC +# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology +# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料), Vol. 24, No. 1 (2003) +# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was +# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the +# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not +# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar +# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued +# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the +# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it +# could well have ignored any such mandate. +# +# (2) +# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) +# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China +# [undated and unknown publication location] +# It says several things: +# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. +# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective +# the official calendar book of 1914. +# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in +# French docks in the 1890s, controled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) +# Obervatory and set to local mean time. +# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. +# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) +# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it +# became used by railways as well. +# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into +# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on +# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. +# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice +# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in +# Japanese-occupied territory. +# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. +# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into +# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear +# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. +# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. +# +# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the +# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is +# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour +# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the +# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT+8. +# +# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but +# this was based on what was apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. +# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and +# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. +# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice +# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: +# +# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT+8.5 +# Asia/Harbin (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai) +# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin +# +# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT+8 +# Asia/Shanghai +# most of China +# This currently represents most other zones as well, +# as apparently these regions have been the same since 1970. +# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest. +# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT+8 "from the end of the 19th century". +# +# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) UT+7 +# Asia/Chongqing (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai) +# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; +# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong +# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, +# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. +# +# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT+6 +# Asia/Urumqi +# This currently represents Kunlun Time as well, +# as apparently the two regions have been the same since 1970. +# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; +# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, +# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; +# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; +# east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, +# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, +# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, +# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. +# +# Kunlun Time UT+5.5 +# Asia/Kashgar (currently a link to Asia/Urumqi) +# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; +# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, +# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, +# and Yarkand. + +# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): +# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in +# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, +# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on +# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese +# they implicitly use Beijing time. +# +# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the +# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two +# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang +# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as +# local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in +# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as +# "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language +# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. +# +# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its +# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in +# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) +# +# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 +# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with +# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same +# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and +# others moving their clocks ahead.) + +# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): +# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common +# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): +# +# 1. Wulumuqi... +# 2. Kashi... +# 3. Urumqi... +# 4. Kashgar... +# ... +# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the +# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding +# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. +# +# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any +# start date for Xinjiang time. +# +# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally +# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur +# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also +# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) + +# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): +# Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986: +# http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html + +# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): +# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from +# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's +# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David +# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially +# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least +# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time; +# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers +# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some +# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only +# problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as +# having the same time as Beijing. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): +# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT+6) but +# this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun, +# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN +# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. +# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. +# +# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see +# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" +# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). +# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986. +# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dyansty, +# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan +# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of +# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be +# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to +# XJT at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, +# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a +# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of UT+8 before +# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to UT+8 is unknown and +# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the +# UT+8 mandate back then. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. +Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 + 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 + 8:00 PRC C%sT +# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi +# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) +Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 + 6:00 - XJT + + +# Hong Kong (Xianggang) + +# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. + +# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): +# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong +# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, +# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, +# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing +# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I +# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be +# obtained from +# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): +# Here are the dates given at +# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm +# as of 2009-10-28: +# Year Period +# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep +# 1942 Whole year +# 1943 Whole year +# 1944 Whole year +# 1945 Whole year +# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec +# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec +# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct +# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct +# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct +# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct +# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct +# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov +# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct +# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov +# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov +# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov +# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov +# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov +# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov +# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov +# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov +# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov +# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov +# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct +# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct +# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct +# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct +# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct +# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct +# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct +# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct +# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct +# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 +# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct +# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct +# 1977 Nil +# 1978 Nil +# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct +# 1980 to Now Nil +# The page does not give start or end times of day. +# The page does not give a start date for 1942. +# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. +# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. +# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. +# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - +Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S +Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 + 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 + 8:00 HK HK%sT + +############################################################################### + +# Taiwan + +# From smallufo (2010-04-03): +# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], +# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm +# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. + +# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): +# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of +# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that +# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands +# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on +# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be +# found on Wikisource: +# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) +# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because +# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone +# declared officially. +# +# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa +# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of +# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard +# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in +# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan +# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time +# (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can +# be found on Wikisource: +# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 +# +# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UTC+9 on Oct 1, 1937. + +# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): +# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UTC+9 +# back to UTC+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document +# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time +# zone back to Western Standard Time (UTC+8) on Sep 21. And in another +# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a +# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two +# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And +# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" +# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact +# that: +# +# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using +# the time at 135E (GMT+9) +# +# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan +# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, +# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called +# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. +# +# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the +# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard +# Time. +# +# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: +# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 +# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: +# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm +# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: +# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf + +# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): +# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to +# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General +# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... +# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local +# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on +# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more +# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the +# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this +# would be a good one. +# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: +# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener + +# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): +# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from +# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. +# +# Original Bulletin: +# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF> +# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0> (cont.) +# +# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that +# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: +# +# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431> +# +# Here is a brief translation: +# +# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 +# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time +# adption till Oct 31 midnight. +# +# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can +# be found from historical government announcement database. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): +# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT+9 from 1937-10-01 +# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. +# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei +Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 + 8:00 - JWST 1937 Oct 1 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 01:00 + 8:00 Taiwan C%sT + +# Macau (Macao, Aomen) +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - +Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - +Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - +Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - +Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 + 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China + 8:00 PRC C%sT + + +############################################################################### + +# Cyprus +# +# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - +Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - +Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - +Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 + 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep + 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT +# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. + +# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. +# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. +Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia + +# Georgia +# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): +# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward +# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, +# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! +# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. +# +# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): +# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia +# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, +# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. +# +# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): +# +# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet +# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it +# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours +# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, +# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process +# of integration into Europe. + +# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): +# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on +# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. +# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT +# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document +# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, +# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... +# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our +# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. + +# Milne says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7; round to nearest.) + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:06 - LMT 1880 + 2:59:06 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time + 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time + 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence + 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time + 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun + 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun + 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun + 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 + 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 + 4:00 - GET + +# East Timor + +# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. + +# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in +# East Timor may be late for its millennium +# <http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): +# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun +# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the +# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it +# conflicts with their way of life. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): +# We don't have any record of the above attempt. +# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. + +# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General +# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html +# (2000-08-16): +# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided +# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, +# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at +# midnight on Saturday, September 16. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 + 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 + 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 + 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00 + 9:00 - TLT + +# India +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata + 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? + 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time + 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep + 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 + 5:30 - IST +# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: +# Andaman Is +# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) +# Nicobar Is + +# Indonesia +# +# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: +# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> +# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some +# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat +# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): +# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. +# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in +# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and +# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus +# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. +# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. +# Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions +# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched +# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura +# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura +# switched on 1945-09-23. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): +# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in +# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even +# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language +# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the +# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, +# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). +# The abbreviations are: +# +# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) +# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) +# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Java, Sumatra +Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 +# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, +# but this must be a typo. + 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia + 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time + 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 + 7:30 - WIB 1948 May + 8:00 - WIB 1950 May + 7:30 - WIB 1964 + 7:00 - WIB +# west and central Borneo +Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May + 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT + 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 + 7:30 - WIB 1948 May + 8:00 - WIB 1950 May + 7:30 - WIB 1964 + 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 + 7:00 - WIB +# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo +Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 + 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT + 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 + 8:00 - WITA +# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua +Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov + 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1 + 9:30 - ACST 1964 + 9:00 - WIT + +# Iran + +# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): +# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). +# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: +# +# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] +# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] +# +# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country +# +# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], +# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] +# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, +# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers +# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and +# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: +# +# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour +# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return +# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of +# Shahrivar. +# +# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi +# +# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed +# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the +# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last +# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... +# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct +# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. +# +# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): +# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions +# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic +# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious +# plan to change that law.... +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. +# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, +# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. +# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar +# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. +# +# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future +# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: +# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for +# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local +# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be +# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: +# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give +# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant +# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between +# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: +# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of +# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date +# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): +# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: +# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm +# +# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen: +# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce +# daylight saving time ... +# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 +# +# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): +# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of +# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 +# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... +# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour +# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will +# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the +# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 + 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time + 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov + 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 + 3:30 Iran IR%sT + + +# Iraq +# +# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): +# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in +# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: +# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and +# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." +# +# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: +# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi +# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred +# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone +# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. +# +# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): +# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following +# news sources (in Arabic): +# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html +# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 +# +# We have published a short article in English about the change: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S +Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D +# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. +# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. +# +Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D +Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 + 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? + 3:00 - AST 1982 May + 3:00 Iraq A%sT + + +############################################################################### + +# Israel + +# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): +# +# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three +# different abbreviations in use: +# +# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] +# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] +# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] +# +# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, +# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, +# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with +# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go +# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone +# settings in Israeli computers. +# +# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, +# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's +# family is from India). + +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD +Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S + +# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): +# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the +# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath +# ends and changes to Sunday. +Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S + +# From Ephraim Silverberg +# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, +# and 2005-02-17): + +# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of +# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. +# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 +# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to +# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to +# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a +# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard +# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard +# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid +# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to +# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from +# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time +# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for +# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was +# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it +# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all +# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no +# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date +# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve +# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date +# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] +# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S + +# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the +# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by +# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S + +# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the +# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 +# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: +# +# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz +# +# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. +# +# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: +# +# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz +# +# where YYYY is the relevant year. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S +Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S + +# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for +# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the +# years 2001-2004 as well. +# +# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: +# +# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz +# +# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates +# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: +# +# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S + +# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on +# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the +# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April +# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday +# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. +# +# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: +# +# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps + +# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26): +# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program +# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) +# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, +# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012. +# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) +# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule: +# +# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D +# +# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support +# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the +# springtime transitions explicitly. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S +Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S + +# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): +# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the +# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading +# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third +# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. +# +# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday +# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 + 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? + 2:00 Zion I%sT + + + +############################################################################### + +# Japan + +# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. + +# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): +# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had +# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued +# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." + +# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times +# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: +# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on +# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of +# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated +# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to +# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San +# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% +# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who +# wanted to keep it.) + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S +Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since +# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume +# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what +# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? + +# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): +# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical +# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N. +# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' +# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... +# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). +# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. + +# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): +# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, +# which stands for the time on 135 degrees E. +# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central +# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard +# time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E.... But "western standard +# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. +# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is +# standard.... +# +# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. +# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. + +# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): +# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause +# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. +# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) +# +# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which +# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan +# Central Time (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. +# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u + 9:00 - JST 1896 Jan 1 + 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 + 9:00 Japan J%sT +# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. + +# Jordan +# +# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> +# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): +# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, +# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time +# all year round. +# +# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> +# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): +# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back +# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! +# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in +# government's departments from six to seven hours. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): +# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): +# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year +# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: +# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm +# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". +# + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): +# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): +# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 +# +# Google's translation: +# +# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely +# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday +# > of the month of March of each year. +# +# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): +# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): +# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not +# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST +# until about the same time next year (at least). +# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): +# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to +# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: +# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime +# Official, in Arabic: +# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 +# ... Our background/permalink about it +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html +# ... +# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P +# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future +# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): +# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - +Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - +Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 + 2:00 Jordan EE%sT + + +# Kazakhstan + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): +# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan +# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) +# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. +# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time +# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses +# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. +# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. +# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: +# +# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. +# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. +# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. + +# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 +# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): +# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing +# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health +# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. +# +# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): +# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone +# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has +# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone +# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the +# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, +# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses +# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones +# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. + +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# +# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan +Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata + 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time + 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 + 6:00 - ALMT 1992 + 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 + 6:00 - ALMT +# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) +Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time + 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 + 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 + 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 + 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 + 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence + 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 + 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 + 6:00 - QYZT +# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) +Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time + 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 + 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 + 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 + 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 + 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence + 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time + 5:00 - AQTT +# Mangghystau +# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, +# so include time stamps before 1963. +Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T + 5:00 - FORT 1963 + 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time + 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 + 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 + 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence + 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time + 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 + 5:00 - AQTT +# West Kazakhstan +Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk + 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time + 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 + 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 + 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 + 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 + 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 + 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence + 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time + 5:00 - ORAT + +# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) +# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): +# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway +# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> +# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article +# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. +# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): +# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. +# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S +Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time + 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence + 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time + 6:00 - KGT + +############################################################################### + +# Korea (North and South) + +# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in +# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: +# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already +# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said +# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight +# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. + +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S +Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D +Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-01): +# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger, except that I +# guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same +# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST +# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 + 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec + 9:00 - JCST 1928 + 8:30 - KST 1932 + 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 + 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 + 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 + 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct + 9:00 ROK K%sT +Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 + 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec + 9:00 - JCST 1928 + 8:30 - KST 1932 + 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 + 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 + 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 + 9:00 - KST + +############################################################################### + +# Kuwait +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 + 3:00 - AST + +# Laos +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan + 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? + 7:00 - ICT 1912 May + 8:00 - ICT 1931 May + 7:00 - ICT + +# Lebanon +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 + 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT + +# Malaysia +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer +Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - +# +# peninsular Malaysia +# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) +# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 + 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. + 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time + 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 + 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 + 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 + 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 + 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time +# Sabah & Sarawak +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 +# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar + 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time + 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 + 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 + 8:00 - MYT + +# Maldives +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male + 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time + 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time + +# Mongolia + +# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but +# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World +# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. + +# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): +# General Information Mongolia +# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) +# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of +# Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and +# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus +# eight hours." + +# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): +# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 +# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am +# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time +# of implementation may have been different.... +# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time +# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, +# Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii. + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): +# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. +# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; +# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, +# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd +# is good enough for our purposes. + +# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): +# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier +# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), +# there are three time zones. +# +# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai +# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv, +# Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi +# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar +# +# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] + +# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): +# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. +# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of +# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): +# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs +# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): +# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. +# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says +# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft +# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that +# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. +# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in +# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. +# He also found +# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> +# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" +# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. +# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT +# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. +# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the +# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." +# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. + +# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): +# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. +# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... +# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 + +# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): +# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for +# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT +# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz +# database on this, e.g.: +# +# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 +# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx +# +# both say GMT+08:00. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): +# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight +# schedule here: +# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 +# (click the English flag for English) +# +# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive +# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the +# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern +# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are +# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and +# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): +# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. +# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition +# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); +# this is almost surely wrong. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, +# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM +# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. +# +# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches +# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place +# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of +# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their +# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly +# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. + +Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. +Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - +Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta +Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug + 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time + 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT +# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga +Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug + 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time + 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT +# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, +# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan +Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug + 7:00 - ULAT 1978 + 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr + 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time + 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT + +# Nepal +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 + 5:30 - IST 1986 + 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time + +# Oman + +# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 + 4:00 - GST + +# Pakistan + +# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): +# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a +# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 +# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was +# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the +# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. + +# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): +# Jesper Nørgaard found this URL: +# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm +# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to +# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first +# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on +# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, +# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like +# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday +# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the +# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): +# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 +# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): +# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm +# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: +# +# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh +# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous +# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by +# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. +# +# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather +# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): +# +# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time +# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. +# +# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help +# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and +# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. +# ...." +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html +# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): +# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): +# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced +# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 +# instead of August 31. +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html +# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): +# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to +# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance +# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in +# official working." +# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 +# +# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to +# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 +# +# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan +# April 08, 2009 +# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 +# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html +# +# .... +# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to +# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to +# conserve energy" + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): +# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal +# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the +# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to +# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in +# this regard." +# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): +# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that +# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October +# 1, 2009. +# +# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" +# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): +# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: +# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that +# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October +# > 1, 2009. +# +# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: +# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 +# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. +# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on +# Monday." +# +# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: +# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour +# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without +# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." +# +# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of +# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html + +# From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01): +# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan +# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): +# Steffen Thorsen wrote: +# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in +# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. +# > +# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the +# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time +# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but +# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. +# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: +# +# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" +# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 +# +# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" +# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S +Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - +Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 + 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep + 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 + 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 + 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time + 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time + +# Palestine + +# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): +# +# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now +# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. +# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... +# +# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 +# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no +# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, +# though. +# +# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally +# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from +# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the +# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major +# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and +# East Jerusalem. +# +# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except +# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might +# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware +# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer +# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). +# +# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most +# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to +# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to +# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't +# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the +# Jordanian one). +# +# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: +# +# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- +# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- +# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion +# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan +# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan +# +# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they +# have one). + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go +# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, +# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. +# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since +# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about +# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. +# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries +# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules +# to Palestine's rules. + +# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, +# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: +# +# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time +# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks +# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, +# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): +# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc +# <http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html> +# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that +# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. +# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). +# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, +# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): +# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): +# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of +# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think +# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks +# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): +# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the +# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I +# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not +# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if +# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as +# the West Bank. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): +# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): +# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 +# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule +# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn +# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. +# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, +# because of the Ramadan. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18): +# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the +# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): +# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when +# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit +# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. +# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be +# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): +# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. +# +# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while +# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). +# +# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 +# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): +# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian +# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March +# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. +# +# (in Arabic) +# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 +# +# (English translation) +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): +# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to +# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. +# +# One news source: +# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 +# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), +# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah +# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of +# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty +# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." +# +# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different +# end date, we will keep this page updated: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): +# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. +# +# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan +# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. +# +# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" +# (from Palestinian National Authority): +# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): +# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March +# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri +# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) +# +# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 +# (in Arabic) +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): +# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will +# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or +# noon though: +# +# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 +# (Ma'an News Agency) +# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to +# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): +# According to several sources, including +# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 +# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in +# Gaza and the West Bank. +# Some more background info: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): +# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of +# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 +# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of +# Ramadan. +# +# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 +# Additional info: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): +# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: +# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to +# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the +# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. +# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after +# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." +# ... +# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html +# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): +# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 +# 00:00). +# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. +# +# Many sources, including: +# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): +# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST +# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). +# Some of many sources in Arabic: +# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 +# +# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html +# +# Our brief summary: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): +# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving +# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). +# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] +# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 +# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): +# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight +# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). +# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect +# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": +# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 +# official source...: +# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24): +# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through +# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with +# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, +# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 +# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S +Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - +Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - + +Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - +Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct + 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 + 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 + 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 + 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 + 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 + 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep + 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 + 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 + 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 + 2:00 - EET 2012 + 2:00 Palestine EE%sT + +Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct + 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 + 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 + 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 + 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 + 2:00 Palestine EE%sT + +# Paracel Is +# no information + +# Philippines +# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the +# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to +# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's +# History of the International Date Line +# <http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm>. +# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): +# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of +# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the +# rainy season begins. See +# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. +# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26): +# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: +# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ +# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, +# but no details] + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 + 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 + 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May + 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov + 8:00 Phil PH%sT + +# Qatar +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha + 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun + 3:00 - AST + +# Saudi Arabia +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): +# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not +# standardized until relatively recently; we don't know when, and possibly it +# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to +# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines +# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar +# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 +# o'clock for "Arab" time). +# +# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best +# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics +# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated +# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and +# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the +# earlier date. +# +# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two +# time zones; the other zone, at UTC+4, was in the far eastern part of +# the country. Ignore this, as it's before our 1970 cutoff. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 + 3:00 - AST + +# Singapore +# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) +# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 + 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. + 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time + 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 + 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 + 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 + 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence + 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time + 8:00 - SGT + +# Spratly Is +# no information + +# Sri Lanka + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo +# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably +# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with +# Shanks and Pottenger. + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): +# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" +# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, +# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) +# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at +# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." +# +# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted +# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section +# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): +# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 +# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online +# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): +# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) +# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). + +# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: +# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> +# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply +# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean +# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): +# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], +# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. + +# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): +# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at +# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government +# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization +# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. +# +# I recollect before the recent change the government announcements +# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka +# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. +# +# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News +# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they +# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news +# item.... +# +# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and +# administrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the +# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well +# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are +# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). +# +# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation +# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for +# all computers. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): +# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down +# and then see what people actually say in practice. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 + 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time + 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 + 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep + 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 + 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 + 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 + 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 + 5:30 - IST + +# Syria +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - +# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; +# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, +# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; +# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; +# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, +# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). +Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): +# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] +# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. +Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - +# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): +# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." +# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php +Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S +# From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27): +# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will +# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or +# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than +# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the +# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now +# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): +# Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote: +# +# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 +# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." +# +# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): +# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 +# +# which using Google's translate tools says: +# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on +# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th +# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. +Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - + +# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): +# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for +# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA +# are now using: +# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST +# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date +# Variation +# Syrian Arab +# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 +# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 +# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): +# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News +# Agency (SANA)... +# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm +# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the +# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April +# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." +# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times +# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): +# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; +# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone +# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). +# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): +# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, +# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). +# +# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to +# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting +# clocks back 60 minutes). +# +# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): +# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, +# two examples: +# +# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm +# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) +# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 +# (Arabic, gov-site) +# +# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. +# +# Our summary +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): +# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will +# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday +# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: +# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): +# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last +# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or +# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): +# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of +# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday +# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): +# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): +# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday +# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. +# +# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: +# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm +# +# Our brief summary: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): +# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. + +Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq + 2:00 Syria EE%sT + +# Tajikistan +# From Shanks & Pottenger. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time + 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s + 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time + +# Thailand +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 + 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time + 7:00 - ICT + +# Turkmenistan +# From Shanks & Pottenger. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad + 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time + 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 + 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence + 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 + 5:00 - TMT + +# United Arab Emirates +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 + 4:00 - GST + +# Uzbekistan +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time + 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 + 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 + 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time + 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence + 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 + 5:00 - UZT +# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest. +Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time + 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 + 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence + 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 + 5:00 - UZT + +# Vietnam + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being +# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways +# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks +# and Pottenger. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): +# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh +# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. + +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 + 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? + 7:00 - ICT 1912 May + 8:00 - ICT 1931 May + 7:00 - ICT + +# Yemen + +# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, +# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 + 3:00 - AST diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/australasia b/contrib/tzdata/australasia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4911e8d --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/australasia @@ -0,0 +1,1728 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This file also includes Pacific islands. + +# Notes are at the end of this file + +############################################################################### + +# Australia + +# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 D +Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 S +Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 S +Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 D +# Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which +# says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that +# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Northern Territory +Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb + 9:00 - ACST 1899 May + 9:30 Aus AC%sT +# Western Australia +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec + 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul + 8:00 AW AW%sT +Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec + 8:45 Aus ACW%sT 1943 Jul + 8:45 AW ACW%sT + +# Queensland +# +# From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01): +# I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast +# of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after +# Queensland ceased to. +# +# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): +# IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman, +# Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped. +# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria, +# so use Lindeman. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895 + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 + 10:00 AQ AE%sT +Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895 + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 + 10:00 AQ AE%sT 1992 Jul + 10:00 Holiday AE%sT + +# South Australia +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AS 1987 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1991 only - Mar 3 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1992 only - Mar 22 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1993 only - Mar 7 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1994 only - Mar 20 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 2006 only - Apr 2 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AS 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb + 9:00 - ACST 1899 May + 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 + 9:30 AS AC%sT + +# Tasmania +# +# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16): +# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml> +# says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AT 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep + 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 + 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 + 10:00 AT AE%sT +Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep + 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 + 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 Jul + 10:00 AT AE%sT + +# Victoria +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AV 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AV 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 + 10:00 AV AE%sT + +# New South Wales +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 + 10:00 AN AE%sT +Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb + 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23 + 9:00 - ACST 1899 May + 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 + 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000 + 9:30 AS AC%sT + +# Lord Howe Island +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D +Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 D +Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D +Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 D +Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D +Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 D +Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb + 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar + 10:30 LH LH%sT + +# Australian miscellany +# +# Ashmore Is, Cartier +# no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers +# no times are set +# +# Coral Sea Is +# no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists +# no times are set +# +# Macquarie +# Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; +# sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the +# Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island +# <http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828> +# <http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831>. +# Guess that it was like Australia/Hobart while inhabited before 2010. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): +# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: +# - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not +# switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do +# on 4 April. +# +# From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23): +# The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics +# will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type; +# this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by +# pre-2013 versions of localtime. +Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - zzz 1899 Nov + 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 + 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s + 0 - zzz 1948 Mar 25 + 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 + 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00 + 11:00 - MIST # Macquarie I Standard Time + +# Christmas +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb + 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time + +# Cocos (Keeling) Is +# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978. +# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 + 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time + + +# Fiji + +# Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10): +# According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST +# from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010. +# +# "Daylight savings to commence this month" +# http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10): +# The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved +# amendments: +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-03): +# The Cabinet in Fiji has decided to end DST about a month early, on +# 2010-03-28 at 03:00. +# The plan is to observe DST again, from 2010-10-24 to sometime in March +# 2011 (last Sunday a good guess?). +# +# Official source: +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1096:3310-cabinet-approves-change-in-daylight-savings-dates&catid=49:cabinet-releases&Itemid=166 +# +# A bit more background info here: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-10-24): +# According to Radio Fiji and Fiji Times online, Fiji will end DST 3 +# weeks earlier than expected - on March 6, 2011, not March 27, 2011... +# Here is confirmation from Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands, +# Ministry of Information (fiji.gov.fj) web site: +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2608:daylight-savings&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji04.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-03): +# Now the dates have been confirmed, and at least our start date +# assumption was correct (end date was one week wrong). +# +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4966:daylight-saving-starts-in-fiji&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 +# which says +# Members of the public are reminded to change their time to one hour in +# advance at 2am to 3am on October 23, 2011 and one hour back at 3am to +# 2am on February 26 next year. + +# From Ken Rylander (2011-10-24) +# Another change to the Fiji DST end date. In the TZ database the end date for +# Fiji DST 2012, is currently Feb 26. This has been changed to Jan 22. +# +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5017:amendments-to-daylight-savings&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 +# states: +# +# The end of daylight saving scheduled initially for the 26th of February 2012 +# has been brought forward to the 22nd of January 2012. +# The commencement of daylight saving will remain unchanged and start +# on the 23rd of October, 2011. + +# From the Fiji Government Online Portal (2012-08-21) via Steffen Thorsen: +# The Minister for Labour, Industrial Relations and Employment Mr Jone Usamate +# today confirmed that Fiji will start daylight savings at 2 am on Sunday 21st +# October 2012 and end at 3 am on Sunday 20th January 2013. +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6702&catid=71&Itemid=155 + +# From the Fijian Government Media Center (2013-08-30) via David Wheeler: +# Fiji will start daylight savings on Sunday 27th October, 2013 ... +# move clocks forward by one hour from 2am +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-SUNDAY,-27th-OCTOBER-201.aspx + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-01-10): +# Fiji will end DST on 2014-01-19 02:00: +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVINGS-TO-END-THIS-MONTH-%281%29.aspx + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-01-10): +# For now, guess that Fiji springs forward the Sunday before the fourth +# Monday in October, and springs back the penultimate Sunday in January. +# This is ad hoc, but matches recent practice. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - +Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - +Rule Fiji 2010 max - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - +Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - +Rule Fiji 2014 max - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva + 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time + +# French Polynesia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea + -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time +Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct + -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time +Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete + -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time +# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; +# it is uninhabited. + +# Guam +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 + 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana + 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam + 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time + +# Kiribati +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki + 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time +Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 + -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time + -11:00 - PHOT 1995 + 13:00 - PHOT +Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 + -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time + -10:00 - LINT 1995 + 14:00 - LINT + +# N Mariana Is +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 + 9:43:00 - LMT 1901 + 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time + 10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23 + 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time + +# Marshall Is +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 + 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time + 12:00 - MHT +Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 + 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct + -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time + 12:00 - MHT + +# Micronesia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 + 10:00 - CHUT # Chuuk Time +Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia + 11:00 - PONT # Pohnpei Time +Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 + 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time + 12:00 - KOST 1999 + 11:00 - KOST + +# Nauru +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe + 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time + 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15 + 11:30 - NRT 1979 May + 12:00 - NRT + +# New Caledonia +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - +Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S +# Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. +Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa + 11:00 NC NC%sT + + +############################################################################### + +# New Zealand + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S +Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M +Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S +Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M +Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M +Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S +Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S +# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no +# convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition +# so we must duplicate the Rule lines. +Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D +Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S +Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D +Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S +Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D +Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D +Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S +Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S +Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D +Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S +Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 + 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 + 12:00 NZ NZ%sT +Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 + 12:15 - CHAST 1946 Jan 1 + 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT + +Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo + +# Auckland Is +# uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, +# and scientific personnel have wintered + +# Campbell I +# minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 +# scientific station operated 1941/1995; +# previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered +# was probably like Pacific/Auckland + +# Cook Is +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua + -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time + -10:00 Cook CK%sT + +############################################################################### + + +# Niue +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi + -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time + -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1 + -11:00 - NUT + +# Norfolk +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston + 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time + 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time + +# Palau (Belau) +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror + 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time + +# Papua New Guinea +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 + 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time + 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time + +# Pitcairn +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown + -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00 + -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time + +# American Samoa +Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 + -11:22:48 - LMT 1911 + -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome + -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering + -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa + +# Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa) + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16): +# We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received +# the following info: +# +# "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year +# commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first +# Sunday of April 2011." +# +# Background info: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html +# +# Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not +# contain any dates: +# http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%202009%20%28English%29%20-%20Final%207-7-091.pdf + +# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2010-10-07): +# Please see +# http://www.mcil.gov.ws +# the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Labour (sideframe) "Last Sunday +# September 2010 (26/09/10) - adjust clocks forward from 12:00 midnight +# to 01:00am and First Sunday April 2011 (03/04/11) - adjust clocks +# backwards from 1:00am to 12:00am" + +# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2011-03-07): +# [http://www.mcil.gov.ws/ftcd/daylight_saving_2011.pdf] +# +# ... when the standard time strikes the hour of four o'clock (4.00am +# or 0400 Hours) on the 2nd April 2011, then all instruments used to +# measure standard time are to be adjusted/changed to three o'clock +# (3:00am or 0300Hrs). + +# From David Zülke (2011-05-09): +# Subject: Samoa to move timezone from east to west of international date line +# +# http://www.morningstar.co.uk/uk/markets/newsfeeditem.aspx?id=138501958347963 + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-27): +# The International Date Line Act 2011 +# http://www.parliament.gov.ws/images/ACTS/International_Date_Line_Act__2011_-_Eng.pdf +# changed Samoa from UTC-11 to UTC+13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on +# Thursday 29th December 2011". The International Date Line was adjusted +# accordingly. + +# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2011-09-02): +# http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html +# +# here is the official website publication for Samoa DST and dateline change +# +# DST +# Year End Time Start Time +# 2011 - - - - - - 24 September 3:00am to 4:00am +# 2012 01 April 4:00am to 3:00am - - - - - - +# +# Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011 +# Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours +# Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours +# +# From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): +# Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and +# ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... +# http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): +# That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. +# Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 D +Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 S +Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D +Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 S +Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 + -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 + -11:30 - WSST 1950 + -11:00 WS S%sT 2011 Dec 29 24:00 # S=Samoa + 13:00 WS WS%sT + +# Solomon Is +# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara + 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time + +# Tokelau Is +# +# From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) +# A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping +# December 31 this year ... +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) +# ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking +# about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... +# Shanks says UTC-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change +# actually was to UTC-11 back then. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) +# A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of +# Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, +# <http://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau +# was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger +# are off by an hour starting in 1901. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 + -11:00 - TKT 2011 Dec 30 # Tokelau Time + 13:00 - TKT + +# Tonga +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - +Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 + 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time + 13:00 - TOT 1999 + 13:00 Tonga TO%sT + +# Tuvalu +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 + 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time + + +# US minor outlying islands + +# Howland, Baker +# Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British +# 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. +# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; +# uninhabited thereafter. +# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT-10:30) in 1937; +# see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long, +# Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000). +# So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935 +# until they were abandoned after the war. + +# Jarvis +# Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?. +# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958; +# uninhabited thereafter. +# no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati + +# Johnston +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-11): +# Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind. +# Details are uncertain. We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so +# treat it like Hawaii for now. +# +# In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945 +# <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes, +# "We started our letdown to Kwajalein Atoll and landed there at 5:00 AM +# Johnston time, 1:30 AM Kwajalein time." This was in June 1945, and +# confirms that Johnston kept the same time as Honolulu in summer 1945. +# +# From Lyle McElhaney (2014-03-11): +# [W]hen JI was being used for that [atomic bomb] testing, the time being used +# was not Hawaiian time but rather the same time being used on the ships, +# which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the +# time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last +# Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin, +# "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the +# Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976 +# <http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf>. +# See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a +# footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time +# Minus One Hour". +# +# See 'northamerica' for Pacific/Johnston. + +# Kingman +# uninhabited + +# Midway +# +# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23): +# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies, +# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3] +# reproduced a Pan American Airways timeables from 1936, for their weekly +# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting +# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone +# designations that I've never seen before:.... +# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun. +# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A " +# +Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901 + -11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3 + -11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2 + -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome + -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering + -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa + +# Palmyra +# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati + +# Wake +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 + 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time + + +# Vanuatu +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - +Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - +Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila + 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time + +# Wallis and Futuna +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 + 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time + +############################################################################### + +# NOTES + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, +# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which +# I found in the UCLA library. +# +# For data circa 1899, a common source is: +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. +# +# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is +# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). +# +# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; +# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. +# Corrections are welcome! +# std dst +# LMT Local Mean Time +# 8:00 AWST AWDT Western Australia +# 8:45 ACWST ACWDT Central Western Australia* +# 9:00 JST Japan +# 9:30 ACST ACDT Central Australia +# 10:00 AEST AEDT Eastern Australia +# 10:00 ChST Chamorro +# 10:30 LHST LHDT Lord Howe* +# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 +# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present +# 12:15 CHAST Chatham through 1945* +# 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham 1946-present* +# 13:00 WSST WSDT (western) Samoa 2011-present* +# -11:30 WSST Western Samoa through 1950* +# -11:00 SST Samoa +# -10:00 HST Hawaii +# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn* +# +# See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii. +# See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is. + +############################################################################### + +# Australia + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): +# Daylight saving time has long been controversial in Australia, pitting +# region against region, rural against urban, and local against global. +# For example, in her review of Graeme Davison's _The Unforgiving +# Minute: how Australians learned to tell the time_ (1993), Perth native +# Phillipa J Martyr wrote, "The section entitled 'Saving Daylight' was +# very informative, but was (as can, sadly, only be expected from a +# Melbourne-based study) replete with the usual chuckleheaded +# Queenslanders and straw-chewing yokels from the West prattling fables +# about fading curtains and crazed farm animals." +# Electronic Journal of Australian and New Zealand History (1997-03-03) +# http://www.jcu.edu.au/aff/history/reviews/davison.htm + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08): +# Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia +# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml> +# summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12): +# Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales +# <http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving> +# covers New South Wales in particular. + +# From John Mackin (1991-03-06): +# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as 'daylight' time. +# It is called 'summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, 'summer' +# and 'standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the +# abbreviation does _not_ change... +# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least +# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the +# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses +# the phrase 'summer time' and does not use the phrase 'daylight +# time'. +# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian +# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases 'Eastern Standard Time' +# or 'Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the +# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers +# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases +# prefixed by the word 'Australian' when referring to local times; +# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): +# +# Inspired by Mackin's remarks quoted above, earlier versions of this +# file used "EST" for both Eastern Standard Time and Eastern Summer +# Time in Australia, and similarly for "CST", "CWST", and "WST". +# However, these abbreviations were confusing and were not common +# practice among Australians, and there were justifiable complaints +# about them, so I attempted to survey current Australian usage. +# For the tz database, the full English phrase is not that important; +# what matters is the abbreviation. It's difficult to survey the web +# directly for abbreviation usage, as there are so many false hits for +# strings like "EST" and "EDT", so I looked for pages that defined an +# abbreviation for eastern or central DST in Australia, and got the +# following numbers of unique hits for the listed Google queries: +# +# 10 "Eastern Daylight Time AEST" site:au [some are false hits] +# 10 "Eastern Summer Time AEST" site:au +# 10 "Summer Time AEDT" site:au +# 13 "EDST Eastern Daylight Saving Time" site:au +# 18 "Summer Time ESST" site:au +# 28 "Eastern Daylight Saving Time EDST" site:au +# 39 "EDT Eastern Daylight Time" site:au [some are false hits] +# 53 "Eastern Daylight Time EDT" site:au [some are false hits] +# 54 "AEDT Australian Eastern Daylight Time" site:au +# 182 "Eastern Daylight Time AEDT" site:au +# +# 17 "Central Daylight Time CDT" site:au [some are false hits] +# 46 "Central Daylight Time ACDT" site:au +# +# I tried several other variants (e.g., "Eastern Summer Time EST") but +# they all returned fewer than 10 unique hits. I also looked for pages +# mentioning both "western standard time" and an abbreviation, since +# there is no WST in the US to generate false hits, and found: +# +# 156 "western standard time" AWST site:au +# 226 "western standard time" WST site:au +# +# I then surveyed the top ten newspapers in Australia by circulation as +# listed in Wikipedia, using Google queries like "AEDT site:heraldsun.com.au" +# and obtaining estimated counts from the initial page of search results. +# All ten papers greatly preferred "AEDT" to "EDT". The papers +# surveyed were the Herald Sun, The Daily Telegraph, The Courier-Mail, +# The Sydney Morning Herald, The West Australian, The Age, The Advertiser, +# The Australian, The Financial Review, and The Herald (Newcastle). +# +# I also searched for historical usage, to see whether abbreviations +# like "AEDT" are new. A Trove search <http://trove.nla.gov.au/> +# found only one newspaper (The Canberra Times) with a house style +# dating back to the 1970s, I expect because other newspapers weren't +# fully indexed. The Canberra Times strongly preferred abbreviations +# like "AEDT". The first occurrence of "AEDT" was a World Weather +# column (1971-11-17, page 24), and of "ACDT" was a Scoreboard column +# (1993-01-24, p 16). The style was the typical usage but was not +# strictly enforced; for example, "Welcome to the twilight zones ..." +# (1994-10-29, p 1) uses the abbreviations AEST/AEDT, CST/CDT, and +# WST, and goes on to say, "The confusion and frustration some feel +# about the lack of uniformity among Australia's six states and two +# territories has prompted one group to form its very own political +# party -- the Sydney-based Daylight Saving Extension Party." +# +# I also surveyed federal government sources. They did not agree: +# +# The Australian Government (2014-03-26) +# http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country/time +# (This document was produced by the Department of Finance.) +# AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT +# +# Bureau of Meteorology (2012-11-08) +# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/daysavtm.shtml +# EST CST WST EDT CDT +# +# Civil Aviation Safety Authority (undated) +# http://services.casa.gov.au/outnback/inc/pages/episode3/episode-3_time_zones.shtml +# EST CST WST (no abbreviations given for DST) +# +# Geoscience Australia (2011-11-24) +# http://www.ga.gov.au/geodesy/astro/sunrise.jsp +# AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT +# +# Parliamentary Library (2008-11-10) +# http://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf +# EST CST WST preferred for standard time; AEST AEDT ACST ACDT also used +# +# The Transport Safety Bureau has an extensive series of accident reports, +# and investigators seem to use whatever abbreviation they like. +# Googling site:atsb.gov.au found the following number of unique hits: +# 311 "ESuT", 195 "EDT", 26 "AEDT", 83 "CSuT", 46 "CDT". +# "_SuT" tended to appear in older reports, and "A_DT" tended to +# appear in reports of events with international implications. +# +# From the above it appears that there is a working consensus in +# Australia to use trailing "DT" for daylight saving time; although +# some sources use trailing "SST" or "ST" or "SuT" they are by far in +# the minority. The case for leading "A" is weaker, but since it +# seems to be preferred in the overall web and is preferred in all +# the leading newspaper websites and in many government departments, +# it has a stronger case than omitting the leading "A". The current +# version of the database therefore uses abbreviations like "AEST" and +# "AEDT" for Australian time zones. + +# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): +# Shanks & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ. +# Mark Prior writes that his newspaper +# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00, +# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970 +# and perhaps the newspaper's '2:00' is referring to standard time. +# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960. + +# From Eric Ulevik (1998-01-05): +# +# Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable, +# and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more +# relevant entries in this database. +# +# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill): +# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04) +# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html> +# ACT +# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972 +# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html> +# SA +# Standard Time Act, 1898 +# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html> + +# From David Grosz (2005-06-13): +# It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by +# one week next year to allow for the 2006 Commonwealth Games. +# Daylight Saving is now to end for next year only on the first Sunday +# in April instead of the last Sunday in March. +# +# From Gwillim Law (2005-06-14): +# I did some Googling and found that all of those states (and territory) plan +# to extend DST together in 2006. +# ACT: http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/mediareleases/fileread.cfm?file=86.txt +# New South Wales: http://www.thecouriermail.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,15538869%255E1702,00.html +# South Australia: http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15555031-1246,00.html +# Tasmania: http://www.media.tas.gov.au/release.php?id=14772 +# Victoria: I wasn't able to find anything separate, but the other articles +# allude to it. +# But not Queensland +# http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15564030-1248,00.html + +# Northern Territory + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] +# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location. +# ... +# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST + +# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): +# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... +# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving. + +# Western Australia + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] +# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to +# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but +# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus +# # before reaching parliament. +# ... +# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST +# ... +# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W +# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W + +# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): +# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... +# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving. + +# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02): +# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney +# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at +# work at 9.00am.) +# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse +# everybody again. + +# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): +# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess; +# it matches what was used in the past. + +# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ +# <http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm> +# (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses +# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia. + +# Queensland +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ] +# # [ Dec 1990 ] +# ... +# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST +# ... +# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E +# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E + +# From Bradley White (1989-12-24): +# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from +# October 1989). + +# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): +# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... +# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving +# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... + +# From John Mackin (1991-03-06): +# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact +# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised +# me.) + +# From Bradley White (1992-03-08): +# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted +# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ... +# ... +# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S +# ... + +# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): +# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes. + +# From Christopher Hunt (2006-11-21), after an advance warning +# from Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-11-01): +# WA are trialing DST for three years. +# <http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/parliament/bills.nsf/9A1B183144403DA54825721200088DF1/$File/Bill175-1B.pdf> + +# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09): +# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the +# southern coast.... South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western +# Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The +# residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so +# much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the +# international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South +# Australia and Western Australia.... +# +# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09): +# This is confirmed by the section entitled +# "What's the deal with time zones???" in +# <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>. +# +# From Alex Livingston (2006-12-07): +# ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway, +# which passes through eastern Western Australia close to the southern +# coast of the continent. +# +# I paid particular attention to the time kept there. There can be no +# dispute that UTC+08:45 was considered "the time" from the border +# village just inside the border with South Australia to as far west +# as just east of Caiguna. There can also be no dispute that Eucla is +# the largest population centre in this zone.... +# +# Now that Western Australia is observing daylight saving, the +# question arose whether this part of the state would follow suit. I +# just called the border village and confirmed that indeed they have, +# meaning that they are now observing UTC+09:45. +# +# (2006-12-09): +# I personally doubt that either experimentation with daylight saving +# in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis +# of this time zone. My hunch is that it's been around since well +# before 1975. I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15): +# For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the +# introduction of standard time in 1895. + + +# southeast Australia +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# Starting autumn 2008 Victoria, NSW, South Australia, Tasmania and the ACT +# end DST the first Sunday in April and start DST the first Sunday in October. +# http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/daylight-savings-to-span-six-months/2007/06/27/1182623966703.html + + +# South Australia + +# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): +# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... +# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving +# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] +# ... +# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST +# ... +# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C +# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 C +# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C + +# From Bradley White (1992-03-11): +# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide +# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival, +# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks." + +# From Robert Elz (1992-03-13): +# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that) +# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even +# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival +# is on... + +# From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000): +# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday).... +# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever... +# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...). + +# From Bradley White (1994-04-11): +# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March, +# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can +# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated.... + +# From John Warburton (1994-10-07): +# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ... +# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994.... +# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March. + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. + +# Tasmania + +# The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd +# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] + +# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10): +# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have +# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia +# (but nothing new about that). + +# From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04): +# I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the +# (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard, +# has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria +# (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000 +# instead of the first Sunday in October. + +# Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules: +# http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300 + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. + +# Victoria + +# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd +# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] + +# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29): +# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an +# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was +# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar +# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located +# in Melbourne, Australia. +# +# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which +# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day +# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's +# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time, +# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the +# expected time. +# +# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had +# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of +# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps +# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more. +# +# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html +# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. + +# New South Wales + +# From Arthur David Olson: +# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time. +# Based on law library research by John Mackin, +# who notes: +# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the +# individual states. Thus, while such terms as "Eastern Standard Time" +# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common +# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the +# legislation. This is very important to understand. +# I have researched New South Wales time only... + +# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26): +# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual +# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore, +# Two months more daylight saving +# Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26) +# <http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html>] + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27): +# See the following official NSW source: +# Daylight Saving in New South Wales. +# <http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ> +# +# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of +# daylight saving next year. See: +# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving +# <http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm> +# (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens. +# +# Victoria will following NSW. See: +# Vic to extend daylight saving (1999-07-28) +# <http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm> +# +# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See: +# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request (1999-07-19) +# <http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm> +# +# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See: +# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics +# <http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm> +# (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying +# "Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time +# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very +# well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of +# bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night. +# I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules." +# +# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See: +# Broken Hill to be behind the times (1999-07-21) +# <http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm> + +# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian +# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken +# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics. + +# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29: +# The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW +# towns to use Queensland time. + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. + +# Yancowinna + +# From John Mackin (1989-01-04): +# 'Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna. + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ] +# # [ Dec 1990 ] +# ... +# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the +# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings +# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government +# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have +# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not +# # presently available. +# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST +# ... +# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C +# [followed by other Rules] + +# Lord Howe Island + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen ] +# [ Dec 1990 ] +# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an +# hour ahead of NSW time. + +# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27): +# Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same +# date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the +# Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is +# seeking the community's views on various options for summer time +# arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour +# instead of only 30 minutes. [Dependent] on the wishes of residents +# the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing +# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will +# however always coincide with the rest of NSW. + +# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25): +# Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards +# clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently +# introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as +# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start +# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks & Pottenger through 1989, and +# Lonergan thereafter. For times we use Lonergan. + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): +# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-28): +# According to the official press release, South Australia's extended daylight +# saving period will continue with the same rules as used during the 2008-2009 +# summer (southern hemisphere). +# +# From +# http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/uploaded_files/DaylightDatesSet.pdf +# The extended daylight saving period that South Australia has been trialling +# for over the last year is now set to be ongoing. +# Daylight saving will continue to start on the first Sunday in October each +# year and finish on the first Sunday in April the following year. +# Industrial Relations Minister, Paul Caica, says this provides South Australia +# with a consistent half hour time difference with NSW, Victoria, Tasmania and +# the ACT for all 52 weeks of the year... +# +# We have a wrap-up here: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html +############################################################################### + +# New Zealand + +# From Mark Davies (1990-10-03): +# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period. +# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for +# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start). +# source - phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office. + +# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): +# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that! +# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z. +# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Auckland N.Z. ] +# # [ Nov 1990 ] +# ... +# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S +# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S +# ... +# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand +# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island + +# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): +# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989 +# rather than the October 1 value. + +# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19); +# Shank & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ. +# Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight +# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard +# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March. +# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history, +# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references. +# Use these sources in preference to Shanks & Pottenger. +# +# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with +# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham +# is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland. + +# From Colin Sharples (2007-04-30): +# DST will now start on the last Sunday in September, and end on the +# first Sunday in April. The changes take effect this year, meaning +# that DST will begin on 2007-09-30 2008-04-06. +# http://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Services-Daylight-Saving-Daylight-saving-to-be-extended + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14): +# Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by +# New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26) +# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf>. +# According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand +# parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard +# time in the Chatham Islands. The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New +# Zealand time. I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow." +# For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time +# in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match +# LMT back when New Zealand was at UTC+11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did +# not observe New Zealand's prewar DST. + +############################################################################### + + +# Fiji + +# Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji +# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time +# instead of the American system (which was one day behind). + +# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08): +# Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01 +# until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will +# be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08): +# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow. + +# From the BBC World Service in +# http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC): +# The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to +# improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also +# intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning +# of the new millennium. + +# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13) +# reports that Fiji has discontinued DST. + + +# Kiribati + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): +# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati +# "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995" +# as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century. + + +# Kwajalein + +# In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: +# I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, +# 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with +# respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, +# going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. + + +# N Mariana Is, Guam + +# Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the +# Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones +# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time. +# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines; +# see Asia/Manila. + +# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time, +# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation, +# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law, +# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST". + + +# Micronesia + +# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16), +# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk' +# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10." +# +# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11 +# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now. + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): +# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in +# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26) +# <http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html> +# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11. +# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now. + + +# Midway + +# From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956), +# quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection +# <http://radiodx.com/spdxr/KMTH.htm> (2002-12-31): +# For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight +# Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning, +# your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956 +# we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to +# air at 6am your time. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): +# We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they +# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years +# in Midway, but we have no record of it. + + +# Pitcairn + +# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): +# A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998 +# with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows. +# +# The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be +# Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known +# as Pitcairn Standard Time. +# +# ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several +# references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation +# somehow in light of this proclamation. + +# From Rives McDow (1999-11-09): +# The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998 +# ... at midnight. + +# From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave: +# Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as +# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in +# Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago. + + +# (Western) Samoa and American Samoa + +# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald) +# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change +# "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, +# ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that +# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year." + +# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UTC-11:30 +# in 1911, and to UTC-11 in 1950. many earlier sources give UTC-11 +# for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards +# circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932. +# Assume American Samoa switched to UTC-11 in 1911, not 1950, +# and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a +# day in 2011. Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New +# Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations. + +# Tonga + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): +# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting +# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time." +# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do. + +# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle +# How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins' +# <http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm>: + +# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST +# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its +# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its +# local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of +# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees +# (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time). +# +# Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince +# Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time +# begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change. +# +# But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer +# islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40 +# minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40 +# minutes we have lost?" +# +# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that +# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth +# to say your prayers in the morning." + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell. + +# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03): +# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium +# Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front. +# He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from +# October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan +# Government. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): +# * Tonga will introduce DST in November +# +# I was given this link by John Letts: +# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm +# +# I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November +# yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead +# of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead +# (12 + 1 hour DST). + +# From Arthur David Olson (1999-09-20): +# According to <http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html>: +# "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000 +# and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the +# third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on +# Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and +# set back an hour on the closing date." +# Alas, no indication of the time of day. + +# From Rives McDow (1999-10-06): +# Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am. +# Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31): +# Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com +# that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19 +# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article +# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the +# text, and I have forgotten to report it here. +# (Original URL was <http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm>) + +# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): +# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27. + +# From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow: +# At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom +# shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday +# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one +# hour to 1:00am. + +# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05): +# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't. + + +# Wake + +# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup, +# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02): +# +# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ... The time was all the +# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the +# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we +# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time +# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost +# impossible. +# +# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): +# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now. + +############################################################################### + +# The International Date Line + +# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03): +# +# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard, +# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please. +# Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on +# the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there. +# +# When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and +# Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL +# to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most +# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line +# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific +# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international +# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.... The date is +# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some +# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not +# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the +# correct date is ambiguous. + +# From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31): +# Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting +# their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's +# speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's +# meridian (12 o'clock = local apparent noon). During 1917, at the +# Anglo-French Conference on Time-keeping at Sea, it was recommended that all +# ships, both military and civilian, should adopt hourly standard time zones +# on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any +# nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted +# to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's +# entry into another zone time - he often chose midnight. These zones were +# adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many +# independent merchant ships until World War II. + +# From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen +# (2005-03-20): +# +# The American Practical Navigator (2002) +# <http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187> +# talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in +# international waters; it ignores the international date line. diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/backward b/contrib/tzdata/backward new file mode 100644 index 0000000..36f6aba --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/backward @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This file provides links between current names for time zones +# and their old names. Many names changed in late 1993. + +Link Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera +Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Timbuktu +Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia +Link America/Adak America/Atka +Link America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires America/Buenos_Aires +Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Catamarca +Link America/Atikokan America/Coral_Harbour +Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Cordoba +Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada +Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne +Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Indianapolis +Link America/Argentina/Jujuy America/Jujuy +Link America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN +Link America/Kentucky/Louisville America/Louisville +Link America/Argentina/Mendoza America/Mendoza +Link America/Rio_Branco America/Porto_Acre +Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Rosario +Link America/Denver America/Shiprock +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Virgin +Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/South_Pole +Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad +Link Asia/Kolkata Asia/Calcutta +Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Chongqing +Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Chungking +Link Asia/Dhaka Asia/Dacca +Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Harbin +Link Asia/Urumqi Asia/Kashgar +Link Asia/Kathmandu Asia/Katmandu +Link Asia/Macau Asia/Macao +Link Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh Asia/Saigon +Link Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Tel_Aviv +Link Asia/Thimphu Asia/Thimbu +Link Asia/Makassar Asia/Ujung_Pandang +Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator +Link Atlantic/Faroe Atlantic/Faeroe +Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen +Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT +Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra +Link Australia/Lord_Howe Australia/LHI +Link Australia/Sydney Australia/NSW +Link Australia/Darwin Australia/North +Link Australia/Brisbane Australia/Queensland +Link Australia/Adelaide Australia/South +Link Australia/Hobart Australia/Tasmania +Link Australia/Melbourne Australia/Victoria +Link Australia/Perth Australia/West +Link Australia/Broken_Hill Australia/Yancowinna +Link America/Rio_Branco Brazil/Acre +Link America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha +Link America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East +Link America/Manaus Brazil/West +Link America/Halifax Canada/Atlantic +Link America/Winnipeg Canada/Central +Link America/Regina Canada/East-Saskatchewan +Link America/Toronto Canada/Eastern +Link America/Edmonton Canada/Mountain +Link America/St_Johns Canada/Newfoundland +Link America/Vancouver Canada/Pacific +Link America/Regina Canada/Saskatchewan +Link America/Whitehorse Canada/Yukon +Link America/Santiago Chile/Continental +Link Pacific/Easter Chile/EasterIsland +Link America/Havana Cuba +Link Africa/Cairo Egypt +Link Europe/Dublin Eire +Link Europe/London Europe/Belfast +Link Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol +Link Europe/London GB +Link Europe/London GB-Eire +Link Etc/GMT GMT+0 +Link Etc/GMT GMT-0 +Link Etc/GMT GMT0 +Link Etc/GMT Greenwich +Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong +Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland +Link Asia/Tehran Iran +Link Asia/Jerusalem Israel +Link America/Jamaica Jamaica +Link Asia/Tokyo Japan +Link Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein +Link Africa/Tripoli Libya +Link America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte +Link America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur +Link America/Mexico_City Mexico/General +Link Pacific/Auckland NZ +Link Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT +Link America/Denver Navajo +Link Asia/Shanghai PRC +Link Pacific/Pohnpei Pacific/Ponape +Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa +Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Truk +Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Yap +Link Europe/Warsaw Poland +Link Europe/Lisbon Portugal +Link Asia/Taipei ROC +Link Asia/Seoul ROK +Link Asia/Singapore Singapore +Link Europe/Istanbul Turkey +Link Etc/UCT UCT +Link America/Anchorage US/Alaska +Link America/Adak US/Aleutian +Link America/Phoenix US/Arizona +Link America/Chicago US/Central +Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis US/East-Indiana +Link America/New_York US/Eastern +Link Pacific/Honolulu US/Hawaii +Link America/Indiana/Knox US/Indiana-Starke +Link America/Detroit US/Michigan +Link America/Denver US/Mountain +Link America/Los_Angeles US/Pacific +Link Pacific/Pago_Pago US/Samoa +Link Etc/UTC UTC +Link Etc/UTC Universal +Link Europe/Moscow W-SU +Link Etc/UTC Zulu diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/etcetera b/contrib/tzdata/etcetera new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d271a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/etcetera @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# These entries are mostly present for historical reasons, so that +# people in areas not otherwise covered by the tz files could "zic -l" +# to a time zone that was right for their area. These days, the +# tz files cover almost all the inhabited world, and the only practical +# need now for the entries that are not on UTC are for ships at sea +# that cannot use POSIX TZ settings. + +Zone Etc/GMT 0 - GMT +Zone Etc/UTC 0 - UTC +Zone Etc/UCT 0 - UCT + +# The following link uses older naming conventions, +# but it belongs here, not in the file 'backward', +# as functions like gmtime load the "UTC" file to handle leap seconds properly. +# We want this to work even on installations that omit the other older names. +Link Etc/UTC UTC + +Link Etc/UTC Etc/Universal +Link Etc/UTC Etc/Zulu + +Link Etc/GMT Etc/Greenwich +Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT-0 +Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT+0 +Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT0 + +# We use POSIX-style signs in the Zone names and the output abbreviations, +# even though this is the opposite of what many people expect. +# POSIX has positive signs west of Greenwich, but many people expect +# positive signs east of Greenwich. For example, TZ='Etc/GMT+4' uses +# the abbreviation "GMT+4" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UT +# (i.e. west of Greenwich) even though many people would expect it to +# mean 4 hours ahead of UT (i.e. east of Greenwich). +# +# In the draft 5 of POSIX 1003.1-200x, the angle bracket notation allows for +# TZ='<GMT-4>+4'; if you want time zone abbreviations conforming to +# ISO 8601 you can use TZ='<-0400>+4'. Thus the commonly-expected +# offset is kept within the angle bracket (and is used for display) +# while the POSIX sign is kept outside the angle bracket (and is used +# for calculation). +# +# Do not use a TZ setting like TZ='GMT+4', which is four hours behind +# GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT". + +# Earlier incarnations of this package were not POSIX-compliant, +# and had lines such as +# Zone GMT-12 -12 - GMT-1200 +# We did not want things to change quietly if someone accustomed to the old +# way does a +# zic -l GMT-12 +# so we moved the names into the Etc subdirectory. + +Zone Etc/GMT-14 14 - GMT-14 # 14 hours ahead of GMT +Zone Etc/GMT-13 13 - GMT-13 +Zone Etc/GMT-12 12 - GMT-12 +Zone Etc/GMT-11 11 - GMT-11 +Zone Etc/GMT-10 10 - GMT-10 +Zone Etc/GMT-9 9 - GMT-9 +Zone Etc/GMT-8 8 - GMT-8 +Zone Etc/GMT-7 7 - GMT-7 +Zone Etc/GMT-6 6 - GMT-6 +Zone Etc/GMT-5 5 - GMT-5 +Zone Etc/GMT-4 4 - GMT-4 +Zone Etc/GMT-3 3 - GMT-3 +Zone Etc/GMT-2 2 - GMT-2 +Zone Etc/GMT-1 1 - GMT-1 +Zone Etc/GMT+1 -1 - GMT+1 +Zone Etc/GMT+2 -2 - GMT+2 +Zone Etc/GMT+3 -3 - GMT+3 +Zone Etc/GMT+4 -4 - GMT+4 +Zone Etc/GMT+5 -5 - GMT+5 +Zone Etc/GMT+6 -6 - GMT+6 +Zone Etc/GMT+7 -7 - GMT+7 +Zone Etc/GMT+8 -8 - GMT+8 +Zone Etc/GMT+9 -9 - GMT+9 +Zone Etc/GMT+10 -10 - GMT+10 +Zone Etc/GMT+11 -11 - GMT+11 +Zone Etc/GMT+12 -12 - GMT+12 diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/europe b/contrib/tzdata/europe new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ab6b0f --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/europe @@ -0,0 +1,3340 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is +# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Other sources occasionally used include: +# +# Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, +# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), +# which I found in the UCLA library. +# +# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition +# <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf> +# [PDF] (1914-03) +# +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: +# "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables +# may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, +# Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org. +# +# Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), +# History of Summer Time +# <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm> +# (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) + +# +# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; +# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. +# Corrections are welcome! +# std dst 2dst +# LMT Local Mean Time +# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic +# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* +# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* +# 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer +# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer +# 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe +# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* +# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* +# 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe +# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* +# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe +# 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* +# 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow + +# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), +# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, +# Luxembourg, the Netherlands. +# Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. +# Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. +# Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. +# Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for +# entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8% +# on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous +# referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice. +# Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.) +# ... +# Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT. +# I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards. +# ... +# There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules]. +# A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact +# national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the +# different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed +# in the Directive. + + +############################################################################### + +# Britain (United Kingdom) and Ireland (Eire) + +# From Peter Ilieve (1994-07-06): +# +# On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about +# historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo +# and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph +# of the text said: +# +# 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands +# beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude +# was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed +# this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They +# made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, +# but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking +# along the towpath within a few yards of it.' +# +# I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's +# position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should +# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. +# +# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] + +# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): +# +# Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. +# The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, +# and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. +# The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) +# and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903). +# The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway +# in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most +# (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the +# Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be +# adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it. +# The transition occurred on 12-01 for the L&NW, the Caledonian, +# and presumably other railways; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists many +# railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public +# clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the great clock +# on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands, +# one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal +# system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading +# to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. +# The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition +# of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. +# +# In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single +# transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much +# about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): +# The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time +# informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. +# Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the +# New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), +# whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value +# after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. +# In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society +# that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: +# Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. +# Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 +# http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html +# Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal +# did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. +# +# In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), +# a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society +# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) +# that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, +# and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. +# A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, +# but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. +# Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and +# it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. +# See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). +# A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in +# a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular +# subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, +# designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, +# which is permanently set to Summer Time. + +# From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): +# It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of +# summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country +# between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which +# plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the +# foundations of civilization throughout the world. +# <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> +# "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): +# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" +# when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this +# term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the +# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". + +# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): +# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's +# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. + +# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) +# From: Jonathan Leffler +# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. +# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in +# politics making a fortune, not computing. + +# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-14): +# I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the +# acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published +# time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and +# if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T." + +# From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02): +# ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the +# main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) +# agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). + +# From Joseph S. Myers (2000-10-03): +# On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir +# Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any +# official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't +# but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British +# Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally. +# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/bbc-19410418.png +# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png + +# From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21): +# [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time +# which is to be introduced in May.... +# I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time" +# which could not be said to run counter to any official description. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common +# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, +# so we use 'BDST'. + +# Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length +# the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. +# Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating +# and extending this list, which can be found in +# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ +# History of legal time in Britain +# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ + +# From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): +# +# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; +# see Lord Tanlaw's speech +# <http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0> +# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# +# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. +# +# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger +# are incorrect: +# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until +# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. +# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. +# * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1. +# It actually just had one transition. +# * Northern Ireland used single daylight saving time throughout WW II. +# Actually, it conformed to Britain. +# * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18. +# Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. +# Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). +# +# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger: +# * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT +# to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to +# conform with Great Britain. +# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise. +# +# The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful; +# we'll ignore it for now. +# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. +# +# +# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than +# Shanks & Pottenger. +# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory +# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was +# to London. For example: +# +# "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." +# -- James Joyce, Ulysses + +# From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): +# Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>. +# These include various relating to legal time, for example: +# +# ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html +# +# ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html +# ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html +# +# ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html +# ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html +# ZZA23Y1968.html ZZA17Y1971.html +# +# ZZSI67Y1981.html ZZSI212Y1982.html ZZSI45Y1986.html +# ZZSI264Y1988.html ZZSI52Y1990.html ZZSI371Y1992.html +# ZZSI395Y1994.html ZZSI484Y1997.html ZZSI506Y2001.html +# +# [These are all relative to the root, e.g., the first is +# <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/ZZA13Y1923.html>.] +# +# (These are those I found, but there could be more. In any case these +# should allow various updates to the comments in the europe file to cover +# the laws applicable in Ireland.) +# +# (Note that the time in the Republic of Ireland since 1968 has been defined +# in terms of standard time being GMT+1 with a period of winter time when it +# is GMT, rather than standard time being GMT with a period of summer time +# being GMT+1.) + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28): +# Clive Feather (<news:859845706.26043.0@office.demon.net>, 1997-03-31) +# reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time +# (CT), equivalent to French civil time. +# Julian Hill (<news:36118128.5A14@virgin.net>, 1998-09-30) reports that +# trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door) +# and Frethun run in CT. +# My admittedly uninformed guess is that the terminal has two authorities, +# the French concession operators and the British civil authorities, +# and that the time depends on who you're talking to. +# If, say, the British police were called to the station for some reason, +# I would expect the official police report to use GMT/BST and not CET/CEST. +# This is a borderline case, but for now let's stick to GMT/BST. + +# From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02): +# The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94, +# which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC. +# Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate +# regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of +# Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is +# "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST". + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# Summer Time Act, 1916 +Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1917, No. 358 +Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1918, No. 274 +Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1919, No. 297 +Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1920, No. 458 +Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1920, No. 1844 +Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1921, No. 363 +Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1922, No. 264 +Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT +# The Summer Time Act, 1922 +Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +# The Summer Time Act, 1925 +Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1939, No. 1379 +Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT +# S.R.&O. 1940, No. 172 and No. 1883 +Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb Sun>=23 2:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1941, No. 476 +Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST +Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1942, No. 506 +Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST +# S.R.&O. 1944, No. 932 +Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1945, No. 312 +Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr Mon>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST +Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST +# S.R.&O. 1945, No. 1208 +Rule GB-Eire 1945 1946 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +# The Summer Time Act, 1947 +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 BDST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order, 1948 (S.I. 1948/495) +Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order, 1949 (S.I. 1949/373) +Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order, 1950 (S.I. 1950/518) +# Summer Time Order, 1951 (S.I. 1951/430) +# Summer Time Order, 1952 (S.I. 1952/451) +Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT +# revert to the rules of the Summer Time Act, 1925 +Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT +Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST +# Summer Time Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/71) +# Summer Time (1962) Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/2465) +# Summer Time Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/81) +Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT +# Summer Time (1964) Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/2101) +# Summer Time Order, 1964 (S.I. 1964/1201) +# Summer Time Order, 1967 (S.I. 1967/1148) +Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST +# Summer Time Order, 1968 (S.I. 1968/117) +Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST +# The British Standard Time Act, 1968 +# (no summer time) +# The Summer Time Act, 1972 +Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order, 1980 (S.I. 1980/1089) +# Summer Time Order, 1982 (S.I. 1982/1673) +# Summer Time Order, 1986 (S.I. 1986/223) +# Summer Time Order, 1988 (S.I. 1988/931) +Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST +Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order, 1989 (S.I. 1989/985) +# Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729) +# Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798) +Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT +# Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982) +# See EU for rules starting in 1996. +# +# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s + 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 + 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u + 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 + 0:00 EU GMT/BST +Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey +Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey +Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man +Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 + -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 + -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s + 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence + 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 + 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 + 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 + 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 + 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 + 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 + 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u + 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 + 0:00 EU GMT/IST + +############################################################################### + +# Europe + +# EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC, +# Common Market, etc. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S +Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - +Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - +Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - +Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S +Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - +# The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: +# Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council +# of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. +# <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT> + +# W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. +Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - +Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - + +# Older C-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. +# From 1977 on, C-Eur differs from EU only in that C-Eur uses standard time. +Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): +# +# I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s +# in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was +# corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the +# tz database itself, as seen below: +# +# Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 +# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 +# +# Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 +# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 +# +# Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 +# 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s +# +# Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - +# Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +# Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +# +# The rule line to be changed is: +# +# Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 - +# +# It seems that Paris, Monaco, Rule France, Rule Belgium all agree on +# 2:00 standard time, e.g. 3:00 local time. However there are no +# countries that use C-Eur rules in September 1945, so the only items +# affected are apparently these fictitious zones that translate acronyms +# CET and MET: +# +# Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT +# Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT +# +# It this is right then the corrected version would look like: +# +# Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +# +# A small step for mankind though 8-) +Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule C-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule C-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time. +Rule E-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule E-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule E-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule E-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule E-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time +Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time +Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time +Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 16 1:00 1:00 MST +Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 MDST +Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 MSD +Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK +Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD +Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer +Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD +Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +# Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): +Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +# Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in +# Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): +Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +# +Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - +Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): +# According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev +# signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. +# According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. +# +# Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): +# http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 +# +# Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): +# http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): +# Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered +# to be standard. + +# These are for backward compatibility with older versions. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT +Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT +Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT +Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST +# for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. + +# From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): +# The official German names ... are +# +# Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 +# Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 +# +# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), +# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... +# I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution +# +# Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) +# Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" +# Postfach 3345 +# D-38023 Braunschweig +# phone: +49 531 592-0 +# +# ... I received today an answer letter from Dr. Peter Hetzel, head of the PTB +# department for time and frequency transmission. He explained that the +# PTB translates MEZ and MESZ into English as +# +# Central European Time (CET) = UTC+01:00 +# Central European Summer Time (CEST) = UTC+02:00 + + +# Albania +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914 + 1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16 + 1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Andorra +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 + 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 + 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Austria + +# Milne says Vienna time was 1:05:21. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and +# 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and +# Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged" +# date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition +# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, +# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - +Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920 + 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s + 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s + 1:00 - CET 1946 + 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1981 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Belarus +# From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): +# By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to +# GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). +# +# Sources (Russian language): +# http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html +# http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ +# http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 + 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 + 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s + 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 3:00 - FET + +# Belgium +# +# From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): +# Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: +# Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, +# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 +# (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), +# pp 8-9. +# LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: +# Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. +# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. +# The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. +# Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Belgium 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1918 1919 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1922 1927 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S +# DSH writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd +# Sat in Apr (except if it's Easter, in which case it's one Sunday earlier), +# to Sun following 1st Sat in Oct, and that a royal decree of 1928-09-15 +# changed the transition times to 02:00 GMT. +Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1928 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 + 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT + 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8 + 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u + 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 20 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3 + 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Bosnia and Herzegovina +# See Europe/Belgrade. + +# Bulgaria +# +# From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): +# A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: +# EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... +# EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - +Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 + 1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT? + 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 + 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 + 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 + 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 2:00 + 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Croatia +# See Europe/Belgrade. + +# Cyprus +# Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. + +# Czech Republic +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - +Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 + 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s + 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. + +# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): +# http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law +# [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... +# The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL +# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. +# +# The EU treaty with effect from 1973: +# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL +# +# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes +# in subsequent decrees with the law +# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL +# +# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have +# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST +# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to +# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from +# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know +# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only +# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: +# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning +# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which +# was suspended on that night): +# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): +# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between +# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): +# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not +# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - +Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - +Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 + 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT + 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn + 0:00 - WET 1981 + 0:00 EU WE%sT +# +# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): +# During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in +# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. +# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, +# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU +# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb +# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU +# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. + +# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing +# <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), +# and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: +# +# Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC +# is according to the following time line: +# +# The military zone near Thule UTC-4 +# Standard Greenland time UTC-3 +# Scoresbysund UTC-1 +# Danmarkshavn UTC +# +# In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be +# introduced. + +# From Rives McDow (2001-11-01): +# +# I correspond regularly with the Dansk Polarcenter, and wrote them at +# the time to clarify the situation in Thule. Unfortunately, I have +# not heard back from them regarding my recent letter. [But I have +# info from earlier correspondence.] +# +# According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule +# Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight +# savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time.... +# +# The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund +# uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. +# There are just a few stations on this coast, including the +# Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th +# email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in +# Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the +# DPC research station at Zackenberg. +# +# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use +# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). +# +# The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it +# includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time +# UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. +# +# It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and +# North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators +# maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of +# this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be +# considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. + +# From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): +# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place +# there at 2:00 AM. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; +# the 1995 map as like Godthåb. +# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. +# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, +# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. +# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 + -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 + -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996 + 0:00 - GMT +Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit + -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 + -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 + -1:00 EU EG%sT +Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk + -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 + -3:00 EU WG%sT +Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base + -4:00 Thule A%sT + +# Estonia +# From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15): +# A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards +# [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it, +# a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989.... +# +# From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28): +# [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s, +# but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:] +# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different +# (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules +# conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... +# A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on +# human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to +# summer time next spring." + +# From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: +# The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law +# <http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390> +# refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between +# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). +# +# I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation +# for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" +# (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). + +# From The Baltic Times <http://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09) +# via Steffen Thorsen: +# This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, +# a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... +# But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European +# Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory +# for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do +# after that. + +# From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): +# Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation +# no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all +# the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. + +# From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): +# The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. +# Now we are using again EU rules. +# +# From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): +# The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 + 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul + 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May + 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s + 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 + 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 + 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 21 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Finland + +# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC): +# Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, +# and it's supposed to change at 4am... + +# From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15): +# +# I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. +# During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour +# earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made +# according to the central European standards. +# +# This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac +# Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in +# Finnish) at +# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf +# +# Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings +# transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. +# +# This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: +# http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 +# +# The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not +# exist tonight." + +# From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): +# [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] +# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf +# pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 +# say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, +# 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper +# mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... +# On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): +# Go with Oja over Shanks. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - +Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - + +# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); +# round to nearest. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 + 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time + 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Åland Is +Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn + + +# France + +# From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): +# +# Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions +# Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 +# +# Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, +# Paris, 1991 +# +# Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, +# Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 + + +# +# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - +Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - +Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S +# DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st +# Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions +# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - +Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S +# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger +# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. +# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, +# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La +# Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, +# Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, +# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, +# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). +Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer +# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, +# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), +# who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes +# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. +Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M +Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S +Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M +Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S +Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M +Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S +Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M +Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; +# go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT. +Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S +Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, +# but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. +# Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based +# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. + 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00 +# Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25 + 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 + 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Germany + +# From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): +# The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische +# Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. +# [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] + +# From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): +# In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by +# <http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/> +# General [Nikolai] Bersarin. + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): +# http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf +# says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. +# However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so +# this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. + + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - +Rule Germany 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +# http://www.ptb.de/de/org/4/44/441/salt.htm says the following transition +# occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ given in Shanks & Pottenger. +# Go with the PTB. +Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 3:00s 1:00 S +Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 M +Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 S +Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S + +Rule SovietZone 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 M # Midsummer +Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S +Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 + 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 + 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): +# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton +# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE +# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. +# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, +# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. +# +# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: +# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): +# Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. + +Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen + +# Georgia +# Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi. +# Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni) +# is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part. + +# Gibraltar +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s + 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 + 1:00 - CET 1982 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Greece +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - +# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - +Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - +# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 - +Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 - +Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 - +Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 - +Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - +Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 + 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT + 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 + 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 + 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 + # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; + # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Hungary +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): +# Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: +# Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. +# National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). +# http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html +# This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks +# & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - +Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 + 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 + 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Iceland +# +# From Adam David (1993-11-06): +# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. +# +# (1993-12-05): +# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of +# Iceland Almanak. +# +# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour +# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts +# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which +# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. +# +# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks +# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the +# time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always +# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. +# +# (1993-12-10): +# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the +# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus +# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. +# the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day +# (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. +# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" +# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it +# might mean something else (???). +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points. +# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely +# that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 - +Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 - +# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter +Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - +# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter +Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S +# 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week +Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - +Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 + -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time? + -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s + 0:00 - GMT + +# Italy +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): +# Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893, +# called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). +# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. +# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, +# so record only the time in Rome. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and +# F. Pollastri +# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) +# <http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html> +# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute +# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: +# +# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: +# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W +# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s +# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S +# 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W +# 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S +# 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W +# 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S +# 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s +# 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S +# 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s +# 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see C-Eur) +# 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s +# 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s +# 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S +# 09-20 09-27 00:00 S +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - +Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 + 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean + 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul + 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican +Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino + +# Latvia + +# From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17): + +# I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy +# of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the +# correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about +# changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981.... +# +# Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... +# according to the Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 +# ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning +# the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on 1 April at 00:00 (GMT 31 March 21:00) +# and 1 hour backward on the 1 October at 00:00 (GMT 30 September 20:00). +# +# Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... +# according to the Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 +# ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning +# the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 +# (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of +# September at 03:00 (GMT 23:00 on the previous day). +# +# Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... +# according to the Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 +# ...: since the last Sunday of March 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, +# Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the +# time of 2nd time zone (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia +# transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 +# (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward. The end of +# daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03:00 +# (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is +# 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... +# +# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of +# 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of +# daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. + +# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): +# This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in +# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of +# 29-Feb-2000 (#79) <http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm>, +# in Latvian for subscribers only). + +# From RFE/RL Newsline +# <http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html> +# (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: +# The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will +# institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. +# Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their +# clocks one hour in the spring.... +# Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few +# daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European +# Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving +# time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government +# urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it +# appears that they will not do so.... + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 + 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time + 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer + 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 + 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 + 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 + 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s + 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 + 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Liechtenstein + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. + +# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): +# http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf +# ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. +# I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: +# ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein +# introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on +# central European time was in force throughout the year. +# From a report of the duke's government to the high council, +# regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. + +Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz + + +# Lithuania + +# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): +# IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is +# known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. + +# From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): +# I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone +# (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. + +# From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>, +# via Steffen Thorsen: +# Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) +# to be valid here starting from October 31, +# as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... +# The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a +# motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was +# already done by Estonia. + +# From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism +# <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27): +# Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. + +# From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): +# As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will +# observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid +# down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its +# neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of +# 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at +# http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm + + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 + 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time + 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time + 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12 + 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 + 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s + 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 + 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u + 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u + 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Luxembourg +# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - +Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun + 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 + 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s + 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 + 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 + 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Macedonia +# See Europe/Belgrade. + +# Malta +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 - +Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 - +Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - +Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta + 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s + 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31 + 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Moldova + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write +# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. +# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence +# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). +# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area +# and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. +# But [two people] separately reported via +# Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. +# The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. +# +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): +# Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as +# "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition +# to the Winter Time). +# +# News (in Russian): +# http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html +# http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html +# +# The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) +# is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) +# +# From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) +# In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol +# a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. +# +# (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) +# +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) +# NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. +# As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own +# decision to abolish DST this winter. +# Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- +# Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. +# News from Moldova (in russian): +# http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html + + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 + 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT + 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT + 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 + 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6 + 2:00 - EET 1991 + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 +# See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules. + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Monaco +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's +# more precise 0:09:21. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 + 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time + 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 + 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Montenegro +# See Europe/Belgrade. + +# Netherlands + +# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, +# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. + +# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): +# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 +# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including +# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time +# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the +# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was +# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. +# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and +# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). +# +# (2001-04-08): +# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to +# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common +# practice of following Amsterdam mean time. +# +# (2001-04-09): +# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the +# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe +# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was +# actually followed. +# +# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to +# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of +# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most +# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically +# adopted Amsterdam mean time. +# +# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety +# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it +# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe +# Amsterdam mean time. + +# The data before 1945 are taken from +# <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm>. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time +Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time +Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT +Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST +# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week +# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. +Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST +Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - +Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +# +# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted +# below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 + 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 + 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Norway +# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & +# Pottenger. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - +Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 + 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 + 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Svalbard & Jan Mayen + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): +# Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and +# Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the +# time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared +# as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan +# Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html> and +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html>). The law/regulation +# for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came +# into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a +# part of this law since 1925/1930. (From +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html>) I have not been +# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) +# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by +# Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever +# since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since +# before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere +# between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): +# +# Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, +# so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was +# keeping Berlin time. +# +# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists +# burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in +# 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite +# frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a +# radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly +# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that +# Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. +# +# Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an +# Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says +# <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>). The Svalbard FAQ +# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were +# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, +# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) +# <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html> +# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named +# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. +# +# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo +# for these regions. +Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen + +# Poland + +# The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), +# <http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/32156> pp 1-2. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - +Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - +# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, +# Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., +# <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> +# Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. +# He also gives these further references: +# Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> +# Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> +Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - +Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 - +Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 + 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 + 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1922 Jun + 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct + 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 + 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Portugal +# +# From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): +# Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone +# (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. +# +# Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve +# that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. +# The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. +# +# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): +# IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions +# at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. +# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. +# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. +# Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal +# harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not +# done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. +# Go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - +Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. +Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. +Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer +Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 M +Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M +Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. +# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; +# Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett. +Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 + -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time + 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 + 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 + 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s + 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s + 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u + 0:00 EU WE%sT +Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada + -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time + -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time + -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s + -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s + 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u + -1:00 EU AZO%sT +Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal + -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time + -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time + 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s + 0:00 EU WE%sT + +# Romania +# +# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): +# Nine O'clock <http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html> +# (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at +# 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, +# assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, +# the same year as Bulgaria. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - +Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - +Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S +Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct + 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT + 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s + 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 + 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + + +# Russia + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): +# Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 +# (Government document +# http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ +# in Russian) +# there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... +# All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English +# by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm + +# From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): +# Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: +# http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 +# They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): +# Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia +# changed in September 2011: +# +# One source is +# http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ +# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, +# 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. +# +# Another source is +# http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html +# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the +# Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also +# contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: +# in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which +# does not contain any "effective date" information. +# +# Another source is +# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 +# which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... +# Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" +# but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. +# +# The Wikipedia article refers to +# http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 +# which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. +# +# Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's +# "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" +# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to +# get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias +# Conradi notes). +# +# None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. +# +# Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): +# According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) +# http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 +# the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to +# winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new +# regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... +# http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 +# Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N +# 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding +# areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html +# +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): +# Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) +# http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 +# http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 +# http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 +# From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. +# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, +# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, +# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat +# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. +# +# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): +# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! +# I do not know why they have decided to make this change; +# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching +# so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. +# +# From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): +# 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with +# UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group).... +# The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor +# (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there. +# +# From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): +# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from +# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... +# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. +# +# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from +# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): +# News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was +# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with +# the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began +# enforcing curfew at the wrong time. +# +# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): +# There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in +# UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the +# SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan +# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok +# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are +# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have +# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist +# with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions +# are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative +# listing. The region codes listed come from +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 +# and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their +# future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level +# divisions where available. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Kaliningrad covers... +# 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast + +Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 + 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 2:00 - EET + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Europe/Moscow covers... +# 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of +# 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of +# 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of +# 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic +# 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of +# 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic +# 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of +# 11 RU-KO Komi Republic +# 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic +# 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of +# 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of +# 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of +# 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic +# 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic +# 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai +# 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai +# 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast +# 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast +# 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast +# 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast +# 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast +# 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast +# 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast +# 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast +# 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast +# 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast +# 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast +# 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast +# 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast +# 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast +# 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast +# 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast +# 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast +# 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast +# 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast +# 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast +# 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast +# 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast +# 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast +# 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast +# 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast +# 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast +# 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast +# 77 RU-MOW Moscow +# 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg +# 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug + +# From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): +# LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow +# Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... +# LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. +# (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia +# since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia +# was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow +# was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory +# coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > +# 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = +# 2:31:19 ... +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): +# Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in +# Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). +# Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in +# Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. + +Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 + 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time + 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 + 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Simferopol covers... +# ** **** Crimea, Republic of +# ** **** Sevastopol + +Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 + 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 + 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 + 2:00 - EET 1992 +# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched +# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. +# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened +# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say +# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it +# changed in May. + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May +# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. + 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s + 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s +# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. +# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 + 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): +# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 +# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html +# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): +# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks +# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial +# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Volgograd covers... +# 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast +# 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast +# 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast +# 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. +# Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. + +Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 + 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time + 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time + 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 + 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T + 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s + 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Europe/Samara covers... +# 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic +# 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast + +Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 + 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 + 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 + 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s + 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 + 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time + 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 4:00 - SAMT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... +# 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of +# 90 RU-PER Perm Krai +# 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast +# 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast +# 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast +# 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast +# 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast +# 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra +# 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug +# +# Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. + +# Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. + +Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 + 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time + 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 5:00 - YEKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Omsk covers... +# 04 RU-AL Altai Republic +# 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai +# 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast + +Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 + 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time + 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 6:00 - OMST + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Novosibirsk covers... +# 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast +# 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's +# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. + +Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 + 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time + 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. + 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 6:00 - NOVT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... +# 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): +# Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on +# March 28, 2010: +# from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 +# to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 +# +# This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September +# 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth +# time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) +# +# Russian Government web site (Russian language) +# http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm +# or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference +# map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html +# +# Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 +# Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. +# +# As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as +# Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus +# realigning itself with KRAT. + +Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 + 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time + 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s + 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T + 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... +# 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic +# 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of +# 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai +# +# Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr +# Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. + +Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 + 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time + 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 7:00 - KRAT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Irkutsk covers... +# 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of +# 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast +# +# Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was +# merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. + +# Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. + +Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 + 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time + 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time + 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 8:00 - IRKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Asia/Chita covers... +# 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai +# +# Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. + +Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 + 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 8:00 - IRKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Yakutsk covers... +# 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast +# +# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-02 **** Aldansky District +# 14-04 **** Amginsky District +# 14-05 **** Anabarsky District +# 14-06 **** Bulunsky District +# 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District +# 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District +# 14-11 **** Gorny District +# 14-12 **** Zhigansky District +# 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District +# 14-14 **** Lensky District +# 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District +# 14-16 **** Mirninsky District +# 14-18 **** Namsky District +# 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District +# 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District +# 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District +# 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District +# 14-26 **** Suntarsky District +# 14-27 **** Tattinsky District +# 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District +# 14-32 **** Khangalassky District +# 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District +# 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. +# Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. +# Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. + +Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 + 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 9:00 - YAKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Vladivostok covers... +# 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai +# 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai +# 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast +# +# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District +# 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District + +# Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. + +Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 + 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time + 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - VLAT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-28 **** Tomponsky District +# 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): +# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time +# in 2011. + +# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): +# Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. +# Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. +# This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. + +Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 + 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 + 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 9:00 - YAKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Sakhalin covers... +# 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast +# ...with the exception of: +# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) + +# The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. +Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 + 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 + 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 + 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. + 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s + 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - SAKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Magadan covers... +# 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, +# several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of +# the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented +# until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will +# need their own zone. + +Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - MAGT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-01 **** Abyysky District +# 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District +# 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District +# 14-17 **** Momsky District +# 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District +# 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District +# +# ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: +# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): +# Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with +# most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on +# 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District +# of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by +# Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. +# There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone +# Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. +# +# Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these +# districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently +# lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females +# each! (Yikes!) +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 +# Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. +# +# Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have +# fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the +# 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most +# recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of +# http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf +# in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older +# settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. +# Go with Srednekolymsk. +# +# Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT +# as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. + +Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District + +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): +# Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from +# Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. +# +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, +# as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of +# Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on +# UTC+12 since at least then, too. + +Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 + 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time + 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? + 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - VLAT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Kamchatka covers... +# 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai +# +# Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. + +# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps +# Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. +Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 + 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time + 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s + 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - PETT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Anadyr covers... +# 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug + +Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time + 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s + 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s + 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - ANAT + + +# San Marino +# See Europe/Rome. + +# Serbia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 + 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 + 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s + 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s +# Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of +# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. +# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. + 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia + +# Slovakia +Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava + +# Slovenia +# See Europe/Belgrade. + +# Spain +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - +Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - +Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - +Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer +Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M +Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1946 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - +Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 - +Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - +Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - +Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - +# The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978. +Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S +Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S +Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - +Rule SpainAfrica 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule SpainAfrica 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - +Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s + 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30 + 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 + 0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00 + 0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00 + 0:00 - WET 1924 + 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929 + 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 + 1:00 - CET 1986 + 1:00 EU CE%sT +Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. + -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time + 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s + 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s + 0:00 EU WE%sT +# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. +# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. + +# Sweden + +# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: +# +# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: +# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all +# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at +# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the +# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. +# +# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" +# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the +# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... +# +# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk +# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning +# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at +# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English +# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west +# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated +# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time +# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. +# +# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states +# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is +# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... +# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". +# +# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish +# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are +# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available +# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type +# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click +# the Sök-button). +# +# (2001-05-13): +# +# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 +# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show +# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some +# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already +# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another +# hour before the event took place. +# +# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 + 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time + 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00 + 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 + 1:00 - CET 1980 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Switzerland +# From Howse: +# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace +# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep +# mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): +# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S +# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - + +# From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): +# I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. +# +# As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values +# to be wrong. This is now verified. +# +# I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal +# government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss +# federal law collection)... +# +# DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am +# DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. +# +# DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am +# DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am +# +# There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. +# It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law +# collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any +# other years are made. +# +# Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported +# about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous +# night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such +# a thing had happened in Switzerland. +# +# I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de +# l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is +# false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled +# by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. +# +# The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: +# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S +# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - +# +# The 1940 rules must be deleted. +# +# One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for +# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... +# describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of +# the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not +# follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. +# To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. +# +# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): +# The Federal regulations say +# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html +# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". +# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. + +# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): +# the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) +# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... +# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight +# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one +# hour before the beginning of service. + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): +# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. +# +# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland +# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: +# +# Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und +# Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, +# ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. +# +# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not +# agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the +# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the +# "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on +# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 +# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in +# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph +# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" +# (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on +# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and +# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. + 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time + 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 + 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# Turkey + +# From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): +# The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. +# ... The latest rules are available at: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): +# I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that +# DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure +# what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: +# http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm +# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT +# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM +# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016 +# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021 +# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027 +# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03): +# Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09): +# Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC +# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): +# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp +# The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: +# http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm +# I was able to locate the following seemingly official document +# (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: +# http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm + +# From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): +# According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer +# time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. +# This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. +# http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 +# Turkish: +# http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 + +# From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): +# The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the +# Turkish Local election.... +# http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik +# ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. +# From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): +# Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, +# I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST +# change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): +# The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule +# change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: +# Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency +# http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. +# I guess the best we can do is document the official time. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S +# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - +Rule Turkey 1991 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - +Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 + 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? + 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 + 3:00 Turkey TR%sT 1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time + 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u + 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u + 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u + 2:00 EU EE%sT +Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. + +# Ukraine +# +# From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice, +# via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27): +# BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's government +# regulations number 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: +# "Time in Ukraine is set to second timezone (Kiev time). Each last Sunday +# of March at 3am the time is changing to 4am and each last Sunday of +# October the time at 4am is changing to 3am" + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): +# On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to +# abolish the transfer clock to winter time. +# +# Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got +# approval from 266 deputies. +# +# Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) +# http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ +# +# The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) +# http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html +# +# Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) +# http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ +# +# From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18): +# Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the +# Ukrainian parliament have decided that they will go to winter +# time this year after all. +# +# From Udo Schwedt (2011-10-18): +# As far as I understand, the recent change to the Ukrainian time zone +# (Europe/Kiev) to introduce permanent daylight saving time (similar +# to Russia) was reverted today: +# http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995 +# +# Also reported by Alexander Bokovoy (2011-10-18) who also noted: +# The law documents themselves are at +# http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484 + +# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): +# First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST: +# 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST +# 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134. +# http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html +# +# They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law, +# "summer time" was still in action): +# 09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272. +# http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html +# +# Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action): +# 03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# +# DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended): +# 09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST +# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225. +# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm +# This is an answer. +# +# Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure: +# 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started +# 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended +# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139. +# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev. +# "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but +# "Kiev" is more common in English. +Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 + 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 + 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 + 2:00 EU EE%sT +# Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. +# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but +# "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. +Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct + 1:00 - CET 1940 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct + 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 + 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 + 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 + 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 + 2:00 - EET 1992 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 + 2:00 EU EE%sT +# Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991. +# "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but +# "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English. Use the common English +# spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in +# portable Posix file names. +Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 + 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 + 2:00 EU EE%sT + +# Vatican City +# See Europe/Rome. + +############################################################################### + +# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from +# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. +# The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else. +# +# According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but +# uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules. +# Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at +# 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey +# switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time +# and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) + +# ... +# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 +# From: Tom Hofmann +# ... +# +# ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when +# most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only +# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according +# to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on +# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following +# years... +# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions +# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST +# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep +# lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. +# +# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the +# Soviet Union (as far as I know). +# +# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, +# 4002 Basle, Switzerland +# ... + +# ... +# Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100 +# From: Dik T. Winter +# ... +# +# The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct. +# After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information +# about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969. +# +# ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on +# first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September... +# In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that +# the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982 +# the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in +# the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch +# dates... +# +# It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g. +# Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST... +# Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not +# all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations +# occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always +# assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the +# case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours +# in advance of normal time. +# +# ... +# dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland +# ... + +# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): +# ... +# Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates). +# Since 1978. Change at midnight. +# ... +# Monaco: has same DST as France. +# ... diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/factory b/contrib/tzdata/factory new file mode 100644 index 0000000..839118d --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/factory @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# For companies who don't want to put time zone specification in +# their installation procedures. When users run date, they'll get the message. +# Also useful for the "comp.sources" version. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT +Zone Factory 0 - "Local time zone must be set--use tzsetup" diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list b/contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0980e7b --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ +# +# In the following text, the symbol '#' introduces +# a comment, which continues from that symbol until +# the end of the line. A plain comment line has a +# whitespace character following the comment indicator. +# There are also special comment lines defined below. +# A special comment will always have a non-whitespace +# character in column 2. +# +# A blank line should be ignored. +# +# The following table shows the corrections that must +# be applied to compute International Atomic Time (TAI) +# from the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) values that +# are transmitted by almost all time services. +# +# The first column shows an epoch as a number of seconds +# since 1 January 1900, 00:00:00 (1900.0 is also used to +# indicate the same epoch.) Both of these time stamp formats +# ignore the complexities of the time scales that were +# used before the current definition of UTC at the start +# of 1972. (See note 3 below.) +# The second column shows the number of seconds that +# must be added to UTC to compute TAI for any timestamp +# at or after that epoch. The value on each line is +# valid from the indicated initial instant until the +# epoch given on the next one or indefinitely into the +# future if there is no next line. +# (The comment on each line shows the representation of +# the corresponding initial epoch in the usual +# day-month-year format. The epoch always begins at +# 00:00:00 UTC on the indicated day. See Note 5 below.) +# +# Important notes: +# +# 1. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is often referred to +# as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The GMT time scale is no +# longer used, and the use of GMT to designate UTC is +# discouraged. +# +# 2. The UTC time scale is realized by many national +# laboratories and timing centers. Each laboratory +# identifies its realization with its name: Thus +# UTC(NIST), UTC(USNO), etc. The differences among +# these different realizations are typically on the +# order of a few nanoseconds (i.e., 0.000 000 00x s) +# and can be ignored for many purposes. These differences +# are tabulated in Circular T, which is published monthly +# by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures +# (BIPM). See www.bipm.fr for more information. +# +# 3. The current definition of the relationship between UTC +# and TAI dates from 1 January 1972. A number of different +# time scales were in use before that epoch, and it can be +# quite difficult to compute precise timestamps and time +# intervals in those "prehistoric" days. For more information, +# consult: +# +# The Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical +# Ephemeris. +# or +# Terry Quinn, "The BIPM and the Accurate Measurement +# of Time," Proc. of the IEEE, Vol. 79, pp. 894-905, +# July, 1991. +# +# 4. The decision to insert a leap second into UTC is currently +# the responsibility of the International Earth Rotation and +# Reference Systems Service. (The name was changed from the +# International Earth Rotation Service, but the acronym IERS +# is still used.) +# +# Leap seconds are announced by the IERS in its Bulletin C. +# +# See www.iers.org for more details. +# +# Every national laboratory and timing center uses the +# data from the BIPM and the IERS to construct UTC(lab), +# their local realization of UTC. +# +# Although the definition also includes the possibility +# of dropping seconds ("negative" leap seconds), this has +# never been done and is unlikely to be necessary in the +# foreseeable future. +# +# 5. If your system keeps time as the number of seconds since +# some epoch (e.g., NTP timestamps), then the algorithm for +# assigning a UTC time stamp to an event that happens during a positive +# leap second is not well defined. The official name of that leap +# second is 23:59:60, but there is no way of representing that time +# in these systems. +# Many systems of this type effectively stop the system clock for +# one second during the leap second and use a time that is equivalent +# to 23:59:59 UTC twice. For these systems, the corresponding TAI +# timestamp would be obtained by advancing to the next entry in the +# following table when the time equivalent to 23:59:59 UTC +# is used for the second time. Thus the leap second which +# occurred on 30 June 1972 at 23:59:59 UTC would have TAI +# timestamps computed as follows: +# +# ... +# 30 June 1972 23:59:59 (2287785599, first time): TAI= UTC + 10 seconds +# 30 June 1972 23:59:60 (2287785599,second time): TAI= UTC + 11 seconds +# 1 July 1972 00:00:00 (2287785600) TAI= UTC + 11 seconds +# ... +# +# If your system realizes the leap second by repeating 00:00:00 UTC twice +# (this is possible but not usual), then the advance to the next entry +# in the table must occur the second time that a time equivalent to +# 00:00:00 UTC is used. Thus, using the same example as above: +# +# ... +# 30 June 1972 23:59:59 (2287785599): TAI= UTC + 10 seconds +# 30 June 1972 23:59:60 (2287785600, first time): TAI= UTC + 10 seconds +# 1 July 1972 00:00:00 (2287785600,second time): TAI= UTC + 11 seconds +# ... +# +# in both cases the use of timestamps based on TAI produces a smooth +# time scale with no discontinuity in the time interval. However, +# although the long-term behavior of the time scale is correct in both +# methods, the second method is technically not correct because it adds +# the extra second to the wrong day. +# +# This complexity would not be needed for negative leap seconds (if they +# are ever used). The UTC time would skip 23:59:59 and advance from +# 23:59:58 to 00:00:00 in that case. The TAI offset would decrease by +# 1 second at the same instant. This is a much easier situation to deal +# with, since the difficulty of unambiguously representing the epoch +# during the leap second does not arise. +# +# Questions or comments to: +# Judah Levine +# Time and Frequency Division +# NIST +# Boulder, Colorado +# Judah.Levine@nist.gov +# +# Last Update of leap second values: 11 January 2012 +# +# The following line shows this last update date in NTP timestamp +# format. This is the date on which the most recent change to +# the leap second data was added to the file. This line can +# be identified by the unique pair of characters in the first two +# columns as shown below. +# +#$ 3535228800 +# +# The NTP timestamps are in units of seconds since the NTP epoch, +# which is 1 January 1900, 00:00:00. The Modified Julian Day number +# corresponding to the NTP time stamp, X, can be computed as +# +# X/86400 + 15020 +# +# where the first term converts seconds to days and the second +# term adds the MJD corresponding to the time origin defined above. +# The integer portion of the result is the integer MJD for that +# day, and any remainder is the time of day, expressed as the +# fraction of the day since 0 hours UTC. The conversion from day +# fraction to seconds or to hours, minutes, and seconds may involve +# rounding or truncation, depending on the method used in the +# computation. +# +# The data in this file will be updated periodically as new leap +# seconds are announced. In addition to being entered on the line +# above, the update time (in NTP format) will be added to the basic +# file name leap-seconds to form the name leap-seconds.<NTP TIME>. +# In addition, the generic name leap-seconds.list will always point to +# the most recent version of the file. +# +# This update procedure will be performed only when a new leap second +# is announced. +# +# The following entry specifies the expiration date of the data +# in this file in units of seconds since the origin at the instant +# 1 January 1900, 00:00:00. This expiration date will be changed +# at least twice per year whether or not a new leap second is +# announced. These semi-annual changes will be made no later +# than 1 June and 1 December of each year to indicate what +# action (if any) is to be taken on 30 June and 31 December, +# respectively. (These are the customary effective dates for new +# leap seconds.) This expiration date will be identified by a +# unique pair of characters in columns 1 and 2 as shown below. +# In the unlikely event that a leap second is announced with an +# effective date other than 30 June or 31 December, then this +# file will be edited to include that leap second as soon as it is +# announced or at least one month before the effective date +# (whichever is later). +# If an announcement by the IERS specifies that no leap second is +# scheduled, then only the expiration date of the file will +# be advanced to show that the information in the file is still +# current -- the update time stamp, the data and the name of the file +# will not change. +# +# Updated through IERS Bulletin C48 +# File expires on: 28 June 2015 +# +#@ 3644438400 +# +2272060800 10 # 1 Jan 1972 +2287785600 11 # 1 Jul 1972 +2303683200 12 # 1 Jan 1973 +2335219200 13 # 1 Jan 1974 +2366755200 14 # 1 Jan 1975 +2398291200 15 # 1 Jan 1976 +2429913600 16 # 1 Jan 1977 +2461449600 17 # 1 Jan 1978 +2492985600 18 # 1 Jan 1979 +2524521600 19 # 1 Jan 1980 +2571782400 20 # 1 Jul 1981 +2603318400 21 # 1 Jul 1982 +2634854400 22 # 1 Jul 1983 +2698012800 23 # 1 Jul 1985 +2776982400 24 # 1 Jan 1988 +2840140800 25 # 1 Jan 1990 +2871676800 26 # 1 Jan 1991 +2918937600 27 # 1 Jul 1992 +2950473600 28 # 1 Jul 1993 +2982009600 29 # 1 Jul 1994 +3029443200 30 # 1 Jan 1996 +3076704000 31 # 1 Jul 1997 +3124137600 32 # 1 Jan 1999 +3345062400 33 # 1 Jan 2006 +3439756800 34 # 1 Jan 2009 +3550089600 35 # 1 Jul 2012 +# +# the following special comment contains the +# hash value of the data in this file computed +# use the secure hash algorithm as specified +# by FIPS 180-1. See the files in ~/pub/sha for +# the details of how this hash value is +# computed. Note that the hash computation +# ignores comments and whitespace characters +# in data lines. It includes the NTP values +# of both the last modification time and the +# expiration time of the file, but not the +# white space on those lines. +# the hash line is also ignored in the +# computation. +# +#h a4862ccd c6f43c6 964f3604 85944a26 b5cfad4e diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/leapseconds b/contrib/tzdata/leapseconds new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b5c70e --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/leapseconds @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +# <pre> +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# Allowance for leapseconds added to each timezone file. + +# The International Earth Rotation Service periodically uses leap seconds +# to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1 +# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see +# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time, +# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905. +# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism +# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation +# did not exist until the early 1970s. + +# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so lines +# will typically look like: +# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:60 + R/S +# or +# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:59 - R/S + +# If the leapsecond is Rolling (R) the given time is local time +# If the leapsecond is Stationary (S) the given time is UTC + +# Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S +Leap 1972 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1972 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1973 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1974 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1975 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1976 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1977 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1978 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1979 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1981 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1982 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1983 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1985 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1987 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1989 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1990 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1992 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1993 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1994 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1995 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1997 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S +Leap 1998 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 2005 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 2008 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S +Leap 2012 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S + +# INTERNATIONAL EARTH ROTATION AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS SERVICE (IERS) +# +# SERVICE INTERNATIONAL DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE ET DES SYSTEMES DE REFERENCE +# +# +# SERVICE DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE +# OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS +# 61, Av. de l'Observatoire 75014 PARIS (France) +# Tel. : 33 (0) 1 40 51 22 26 +# FAX : 33 (0) 1 40 51 22 91 +# e-mail : (E-Mail Removed) +# http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc +# +# Paris, 5 January 2012 +# +# +# Bulletin C 43 +# +# To authorities responsible +# for the measurement and +# distribution of time +# +# +# UTC TIME STEP +# on the 1st of July 2012 +# +# +# A positive leap second will be introduced at the end of June 2012. +# The sequence of dates of the UTC second markers will be: +# +# 2012 June 30, 23h 59m 59s +# 2012 June 30, 23h 59m 60s +# 2012 July 1, 0h 0m 0s +# +# The difference between UTC and the International Atomic Time TAI is: +# +# from 2009 January 1, 0h UTC, to 2012 July 1 0h UTC : UTC-TAI = - 34s +# from 2012 July 1, 0h UTC, until further notice : UTC-TAI = - 35s +# +# Leap seconds can be introduced in UTC at the end of the months of December +# or June, depending on the evolution of UT1-TAI. Bulletin C is mailed every +# six months, either to announce a time step in UTC or to confirm that there +# will be no time step at the next possible date. +# +# +# Daniel GAMBIS +# Head +# Earth Orientation Center of IERS +# Observatoire de Paris, France diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/northamerica b/contrib/tzdata/northamerica new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7074d31 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/northamerica @@ -0,0 +1,3148 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# also includes Central America and the Caribbean + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22): +# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is +# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). + +############################################################################### + +# United States + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): +# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by +# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904), +# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY). +# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870) +# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines +# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC, +# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich. +# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00, +# and the most of the country soon followed suit. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16): +# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time. +# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005). + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is +# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). +# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it. +# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below. + +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): +# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin +# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost +# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26). +# Not everyone is happy with the results: +# +# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some +# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving +# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind. +# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something +# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer +# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to +# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving +# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager +# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make +# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. +# +# -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks, +# Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday +# +# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see +# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint +# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927) +# <http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html>. +# +# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919. +# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which +# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently +# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time". + +# From Arthur David Olson: +# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974. +# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26 +# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post. + +# From Arthur David Olson: +# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of +# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25): +# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama. +# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time." +# An AltaVista search turned up +# <http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html>: +# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace +# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful." +# (August 1945) by way of confirmation. + +# From Joseph Gallant citing +# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987): +# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set +# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people +# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account, +# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender, +# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word +# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in +# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech. + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From +# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times: +# +# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender. +# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a +# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news. +# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out +# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental +# importance." +# +# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open +# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell, +# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over. +# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms." +# +# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22): +# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations +# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of +# U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed +# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S + +# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19 +# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with +# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory. +# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of +# this time zone package. +# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if +# a particular place changes whether it observes DST. +# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to +# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to +# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone EST -5:00 - EST +Zone MST -7:00 - MST +Zone HST -10:00 - HST +Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT +Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT +Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT +Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT + +# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): +# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967. +# old new +# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same- +# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same- +# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST) +# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST) +# +# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz. +# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part +# of the Aleutian islands. No DST. + +# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): +# The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time. +# I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time. + +# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): +# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON +# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 +# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON +# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 +# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER +# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 +# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO +# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 +# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST) +# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT) +# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W +# USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 +# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC +# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY + +# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21): +# The above dates are for 1988. +# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's +# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the +# Aleutians. + +# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): +# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and +# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names +# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 +# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261: +# (none) +# United States standard eastern time +# United States standard mountain time +# United States standard central time +# United States standard Pacific time +# (none) +# United States standard Alaska time +# (none) +# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for +# public law 98-181): +# Atlantic standard time +# eastern standard time +# central standard time +# mountain standard time +# Pacific standard time +# Yukon standard time +# Alaska-Hawaii standard time +# Bering standard time +# And after 1983-11-30: +# Atlantic standard time +# eastern standard time +# central standard time +# mountain standard time +# Pacific standard time +# Alaska standard time +# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time +# Samoa standard time +# The law doesn't give abbreviations. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow: +# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation +# "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. +# See the file "australasia". + +# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09 +# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08. +# +# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS. +# (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15 +# U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended-- +# (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second +# Sunday of March"; and +# (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first +# Sunday of November'. +# (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the +# date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later. +# (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective +# date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress +# on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United +# States. +# (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the +# Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the +# Department study is complete. + +# US eastern time, represented by New York + +# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida, +# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky +# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, +# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, +# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee, +# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia + +# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02): +# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington +# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH].... +# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time +# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their +# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26): +# According to today's Huntsville Times +# <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1> +# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City +# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County, +# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba" +# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central +# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work +# in Columbus." + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58 + -5:00 US E%sT 1920 + -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942 + -5:00 US E%sT 1946 + -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967 + -5:00 US E%sT + +# US central time, represented by Chicago + +# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, +# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and +# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana +# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, +# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western +# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern +# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, +# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin + +# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin: +# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ... +# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local +# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations +# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited +# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year.... +# +# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12): +# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI +# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent.... +# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24 + -6:00 US C%sT 1920 + -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00 + -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967 + -6:00 US C%sT +# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25. +Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48 + -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00 + -6:00 US C%sT +# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on +# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time. +# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>. +# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and +# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota; +# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time. +# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>. +Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21 + -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00 + -6:00 US C%sT + +# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21): +# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the +# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from +# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010): +# http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm +# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html + +# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24): +# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although +# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next +# largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall +# at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset +# of 6h47'07". + +Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53 + -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT + +# US mountain time, represented by Denver +# +# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western +# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City), +# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, +# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County, +# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S +Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04 + -7:00 US M%sT 1920 + -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942 + -7:00 US M%sT 1946 + -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967 + -7:00 US M%sT + +# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles +# +# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, +# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county +# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren), +# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of +# Malheur county), and Washington +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S +Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02 + -8:00 US P%sT 1946 + -8:00 CA P%sT 1967 + -8:00 US P%sT + +# Alaska +# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): +# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, +# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia. +# This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian, +# also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition, +# ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent +# the Julian calendar. +# +# As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were +# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar. +# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement +# was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there +# were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps +# it's best to simply use the official transition. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18): +# One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and +# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall: +# "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century." +# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01. +# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html +# +# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source: +# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response. +# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2). +# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/ + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01): +# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article: +# +# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27, +# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time. +# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on +# Pacific Time. +# +# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the +# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in +# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26. +# +# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted +# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time. +# +# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not +# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions. +# +# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo +# Nation.) + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09): +# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian +# Community office (using contact information available at +# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla +# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States; +# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether +# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their +# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I +# did not inquire about practices in the past. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17): +# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's +# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -8:00 - PST 1942 + -8:00 US P%sT 1946 + -8:00 - PST 1969 + -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00 + -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -9:00 US AK%sT +Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -8:00 - PST 1942 + -8:00 US P%sT 1946 + -8:00 - PST 1969 + -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -9:00 US AK%sT +Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -8:00 - PST 1942 + -8:00 US P%sT 1946 + -8:00 - PST 1969 + -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -8:00 - PST +Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -9:00 - YST 1942 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1946 + -9:00 - YST 1969 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -9:00 US AK%sT +Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -10:00 - CAT 1942 + -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u + -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace + -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr + -10:00 - AHST 1969 + -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -9:00 US AK%sT +Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -11:00 - NST 1942 + -11:00 US N%sT 1946 + -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr + -11:00 - BST 1969 + -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -9:00 US AK%sT +Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 + -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 + -11:00 - NST 1942 + -11:00 US N%sT 1946 + -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr + -11:00 - BST 1969 + -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 + -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30 + -10:00 US HA%sT +# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff. +# +# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak) +# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, +# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later. +# +# From David Flater (2004-11-09): +# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska +# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which +# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967 +# possibly until 1983: +# +# Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967: +# "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important +# location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was +# made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it +# resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard +# Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday, +# January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with +# three votes for and one against." + +# Hawaii + +# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09): +# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225 +# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09, +# the article is available at +# http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf +# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January +# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight +# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the +# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the +# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect +# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for +# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes +# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of +# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes +# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933) +# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)." + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19): +# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the +# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of +# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act +# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each +# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one +# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th +# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of +# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is +# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon +# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to +# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90. +# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor +# of the Territory of Hawaii." +# +# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday. +# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon. + +Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00 #Schmitt&Cox + -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 #Laws 1933 + -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00 #Laws 1933+12 + -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 09 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2 + -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2 + -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2 + -10:00 - HST + +Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston + +# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970. + +# Arizona mostly uses MST. + +# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20): +# +# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the +# Daylight Saving Time web page +# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23) +# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records. +# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard +# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military +# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to +# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix +# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was +# the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of +# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as +# mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona +# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST. +# +# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17. +# Go with the Arizona State Library instead. + +Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42 + -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01 + -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01 + -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01 + -7:00 - MST 1967 + -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21 + -7:00 - MST +# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): +# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., +# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the +# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its +# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other +# tribal nations don't use DST.) +# +# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26): +# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation. + +# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine, +# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark, +# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome, +# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power, +# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern +# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County) +# switched four weeks late in 1974. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11 + -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00 + -7:00 US M%sT 1974 + -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00 + -7:00 US M%sT + +# Indiana +# +# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see: +# What time is it in Indiana? (2006-03-01) +# <http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html> +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): +# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis, +# with the following exceptions: +# +# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, +# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago. +# +# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York. +# +# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like +# America/Kentucky/Louisville. +# +# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke, +# and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below. +# +# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history, +# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information." +# Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people! +# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. +# +# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript +# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level. +# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'. + +# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16): +# http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006. + +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26): +# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana +# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke, +# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the +# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of +# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the +# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time." +# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their +# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent +# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT. + +# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10): +# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is +# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007.... +# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22 + -6:00 US C%sT 1920 + -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00 + -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1971 + -5:00 - EST 2006 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974, +# as well as from 1976 through 2005. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37 + -6:00 US C%sT 1951 + -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 + -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT 1976 + -5:00 - EST 2006 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana, +# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back +# in November 2007. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1971 + -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1971 + -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT +# +# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977, +# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53 + -6:00 US C%sT 1955 + -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991, +# then switched back in 2006. +# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28): +# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post +# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of +# 1991-10-27. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30 + -6:00 US C%sT 1947 + -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT +# +# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in +# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1971 + -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44 + -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1969 + -5:00 US E%sT 1973 + -5:00 - EST 2006 + -5:00 US E%sT + +# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974. +# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S +Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S +Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58 + -6:00 US C%sT 1921 + -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1968 + -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 + -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Wayne County, Kentucky +# +# From Lake Cumberland LIFE +# <http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml> +# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7: +# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from +# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made +# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not +# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in +# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also. +# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S. +# location in the Central time zone. +# +# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29): +# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion, +# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern +# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley, +# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400). +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16): +# The final rule was published in the +# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158. +# <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22> +# +Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 - CST 1968 + -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT + + +# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30): +# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985. +# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central; +# previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10 +# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10 +# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10 +# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10 +# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10 +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17): +# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS, +# so omit that change for now. +# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change. +# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change. +# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on +# 1999-10-31. See the +# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707. +# <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15> +# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated +# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official; +# hence a separate tz entry is not needed. + +# Michigan +# +# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): +# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973. +# +# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): +# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18, +# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01) +# that Detroit kept +# +# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should +# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the +# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision +# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to +# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the +# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted +# by city vote. +# +# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): +# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks +# one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more +# info, so omit this for now. +# +# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905 + -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1942 + -5:00 US E%sT 1946 + -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973 + -5:00 US E%sT 1975 + -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT +# +# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan, +# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER +Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00 + -6:00 US C%sT + +# Navassa +# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service +# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act +# also claimed by Haiti +# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co +# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09 +# currently uninhabited +# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord", +# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites +# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994). + +################################################################################ + + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Other sources occasionally used include: +# +# Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, +# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), +# which I found in the UCLA library. +# +# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition +# <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf> +# [PDF] (1914-03) +# +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. +# +# See the 'europe' file for Greenland. + +# Canada + +# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14): +# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada +# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard.... +# +# UTC Standard time Daylight saving time +# offset French English French English +# -2:30 - - HAT NDT +# -3 - - HAA ADT +# -3:30 HNT NST - - +# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT +# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT +# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT +# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT +# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT +# -9 HNY YST - - +# +# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time +# HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time +# +# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic +# C: du Centre Central +# E: de l'Est Eastern +# M: Mountain +# N: Newfoundland +# P: du Pacifique Pacific +# R: des Rocheuses +# T: de Terre-Neuve +# Y: du Yukon Yukon +# +# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22): +# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. + +# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks +# & Pottenger. + +# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31, +# 2007-03-01): +# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will +# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the +# U.S. and the rest of Canada.... +# http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm +# ... +# Nova Scotia +# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007.... +# http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf +# +# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to +# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01. +# http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf +# ... +# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00. +# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00. +# http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php +# ... +# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules. +# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM +# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm +# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF +# ... +# P.E.I. will follow US rules.... +# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf +# ... +# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.... +# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm +# ... +# Yukon +# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf +# ... +# N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site +# does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the +# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the +# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using +# JavaScript. +# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive +# ... +# Nunavut +# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007.... +# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): +# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map +# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998) +# <http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp> +# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard +# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998. +# +# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has +# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada. +# <http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php> +# (updated periodically). +# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27): +# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the +# new US DST rules, + +# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01) +# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles +# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260 +# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review. +# The quote includes these two statements: +# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...' +# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,' +# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time +# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was +# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star. + +# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed +# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day +# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S + + +# Newfoundland and Labrador + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT, +# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the +# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour, +# but excluding, say, Black Tickle. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S +# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S +# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S +# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks & +# Pottenger. +Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S +# Whitman gives the following transitions: +# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07 +# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules. +# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives +# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S +Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches +# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987. + +# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12): +# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the +# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed. +# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings +# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time +# now occurs at 2:00AM. +# ... +# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm +# ... +# MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery +# Office of the Chief Information Officer +# Executive Council +# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador + +Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S +Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD +Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S +# +# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884 + -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918 + -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919 + -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30 + -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11 + -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946 + -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov + -3:30 Canada N%sT + +# most of east Labrador + +# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay + -3:30:52 - NST 1918 + -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919 + -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30 + -3:30 - NST 1936 + -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11 + -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946 + -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00 + -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov + -4:00 Canada A%sT + + +# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like +# Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972; +# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of. +# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town +# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume +# this is a typo. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974 + -4:00 Canada A%sT +Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954 + -4:00 - AST 1972 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974 + -4:00 Canada A%sT + +# New Brunswick + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31): +# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf> +# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and +# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it +# clear that this was the case since at least 1993. +# For now, assume it started in 1993. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S +Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S +Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S +Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D +Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9 + -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933 + -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946 + -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993 + -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007 + -4:00 Canada A%sT + +# Quebec + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-30): +# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto. +# However, because earlier versions of the tz database mistakenly relied on data +# from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec differed from Ontario after 1970, +# a separate entry was created for most of Quebec. We're loath to lose +# its pre-1970 info, even though the tz database is normally limited to +# zones that differ after 1970, so keep this otherwise out-of-scope entry. + +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63 +# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as +# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST. +# The Quebec department of justice writes in +# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord" +# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm +# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon +# observes Atlantic standard time all year round. +# http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en +# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007. +# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to +# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S +Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S +Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S +Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as +# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D +# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S +# The rules below avoid use of 24:00 +# (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle). +Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970 + -4:00 - AST +Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 + -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919 + -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946 + -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974 + -5:00 Canada E%sT + +# Ontario + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09): +# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like +# Toronto. +# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973. +# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974; +# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of. +# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax. + +# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26): +# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST +# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that +# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw +# have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday, +# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable +# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after +# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but +# presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters +# earlier in June). +# +# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21). + +# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17): +# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star +# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST, +# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT. +# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9) +# <http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html> +# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT. +# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report +# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and +# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes +# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in +# violation of the official Ontario rules. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09): +# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the +# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said: +# +# The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round. +# This means they spend about half the time on central time and +# the other half on eastern time. +# +# For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said. +# +# "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern +# Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he +# said. "I don't see any changes happening here." +# +# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang +# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice." + +# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton: +# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory +# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he +# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current +# time keeping since 1952, at least. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17): +# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River +# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from +# McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan +# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time +# ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour +# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move +# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file. + +# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06): +# +# Currently the database has: +# +# # Ontario +# +# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09): +# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like +# # Toronto. +# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973. +# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974; +# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of. +# +# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom +# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard +# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that: +# +# The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario, +# except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year. +# +# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon. +# +# I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began +# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date. +# +# By the way, the article continues by noting that: +# +# Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back +# three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17): +# +# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in +# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, +# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17, +# was available at +# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S +# +# It includes the text below (starting on page 57): +# +# A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would +# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by +# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities +# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav- +# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite, +# for the other provinces only approximate: +# +# Province Daylight saving time used +# Prince Edward Island Not used. +# Nova Scotia In Halifax only. +# New Brunswick In St. John only. +# Quebec In the following places: +# Montreal Lachine +# Quebec Mont-Royal +# Lévis Iberville +# St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine +# Verdun Loretteville +# Westmount Richmond +# Outremont St. Jérôme +# Longueuil Greenfield Park +# Arvida Waterloo +# Chambly-Canton Beaulieu +# Melbourne La Tuque +# St. Théophile Buckingham +# Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along +# the southerly part of the province. Not +# used in the northwesterly part. +# Manitoba Not used. +# Saskatchewan In Regina only. +# Alberta Not used. +# British Columbia Not used. +# +# With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited +# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" +# was meant. +Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as +# Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S +# Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +# The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25 +# (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle). +Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, +# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this +# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30 +# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual. +Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27): +# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and +# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in +# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw, +# Saskatchewan, for one year." + +# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator, +# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12): +# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight +# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur +# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central +# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to +# include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight +# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so +# already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World +# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer +# months for the remainder of the war years. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919 + -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946 + -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974 + -5:00 Canada E%sT +Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895 + -6:00 - CST 1910 + -5:00 - EST 1942 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970 + -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973 + -5:00 - EST 1974 + -5:00 Canada E%sT +Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29 + -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -5:00 Canada E%sT +Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29 + -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -6:00 Canada C%sT +Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29 + -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s + -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00 + -5:00 - EST + + +# Manitoba + +# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06): +# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to +# March 27, 1987 ... said ... +# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of +# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central +# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next +# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."... +# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had +# been assented to (March 22, 1967).... +# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying +# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of +# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central +# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time). + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s) +# starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume +# it was also 02:00s in 1966. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D +Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S +Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16 + -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006 + -6:00 Canada C%sT + + +# Saskatchewan + +# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26): +# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal +# level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people +# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight, +# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook." +# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned: +# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of +# the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad +# time was noted. + +# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27): +# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the +# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year." + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina. +# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. +# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton. +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton +# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law. + +# From W. Jones (1992-11-06): +# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the +# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department. +# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and +# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother. +# +# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years +# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated +# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial +# referendum favoured legislating common time practices. +# +# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of +# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern +# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in +# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to +# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and +# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would +# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST. +# +# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town +# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to +# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only +# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT +# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round +# since sometime in the 1960s. + +# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26): +# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages +# long and rather painful to read. +# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# +Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep + -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00 + -6:00 - CST +Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep + -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00 + -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950 + -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00 + -6:00 - CST + + +# Alberta + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep + -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987 + -7:00 Canada M%sT + + +# British Columbia + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has +# been like Vancouver. +# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton. +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek. + +# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct: + +# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01): +# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia +# that do not currently observe daylight saving: +# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area) +# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District +# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John) + +# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time +# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the +# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009. +# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260 +# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918. +# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years. +# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972. + +# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains +# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months +# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just +# as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing the +# article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the subject +# of another article which she wrote in October 2010. +# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56 + +# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history: +# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7) +# Exact date unknown +# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8) +# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess. +# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7) +# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess. +# note#1: +# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada, +# Creston did not change its clocks. +# note#2: +# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change, +# Creston did not oblige. +# note#3: +# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time +# (UTC-7) forever. +# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council. +# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html + +# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada. +# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying +# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before +# the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this +# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough +# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules. + +# The transition dates (and times) are guesses. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S +Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884 + -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987 + -8:00 Canada P%sT +Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884 + -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947 + -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00 + -7:00 - MST +Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 + -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1 + -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2 + -7:00 - MST + +# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979. +# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs: +# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68, +# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid; +# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1). +# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00. +# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST. +# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00. +# Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go +# with Englander. +# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26): +# Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation +# act which was last updated in 1987: +# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf + +# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04): +# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone. +# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31 +# <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html> +# +# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06): +# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut +# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region. + +# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): +# Basic Facts: The New Territory +# <http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html> +# (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time, +# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when +# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995. + +# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): +# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time, +# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble: +# +# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time: +# +# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP, +# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist +# +# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time: +# +# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator +# +# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news. +# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to +# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not +# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally. +# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart, +# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long. +# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to +# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with +# the current state of affairs. + +# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the +# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19) +# <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html>: +# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones, +# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time +# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then] +# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories +# for these potential new Zones. +# +# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the +# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central +# zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the +# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time. +# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of +# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not +# required to use daylight savings. + +# From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html> +# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10): +# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and +# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them +# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter. +# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against +# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with +# the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on +# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to +# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's +# unified time zone in 1999. +# +# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government: +# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): +# Let's just keep track of the official times for now. + +# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07): +# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising +# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert +# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the +# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that +# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm +# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with +# more. +# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).] + +# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21): +# According to maps at +# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg +# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg +# (both dated 2003), and +# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp +# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time +# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year +# round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this. +# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it +# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years.... +# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): +# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed +# daylight saving only during wartime. + +# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01): +# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in +# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November. +# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of +# daylight saving.... +# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html + +# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21): +# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute +# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of +# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had +# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007. +# +# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay +# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008... +# +# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March +# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I +# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able +# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was +# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone +# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT). +# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks +# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in +# so they could follow the correct TV schedule... +# +# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I +# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature +# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of +# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of +# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for +# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived +# and worked in Resolute Bay... +# +# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that +# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of +# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead +# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay +# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not +# tell me when the practice had stopped. +# +# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of +# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went +# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz +# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the +# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on +# Aziz: +# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493 +# +# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using +# Eastern Standard Time. +# +# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the +# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way +# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in +# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs" +# +# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008. +# +# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz +# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You +# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a +# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site" +# +# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would +# never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I +# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored... +# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D +Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S +Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D +Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S +Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace +Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD +Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# aka Panniqtuuq +Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est. + -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 Canada E%sT +# formerly Frobisher Bay +Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est. + -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 Canada E%sT +# aka Qausuittuq +Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded + -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT +# aka Kangiqiniq +Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded + -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT +# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq +Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.? + -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 + -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00 + -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00 + -7:00 Canada M%sT +Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded? + -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980 + -7:00 Canada M%sT +Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded + -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00 + -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980 + -7:00 Canada M%sT +Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 + -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00 + -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980 + -8:00 Canada P%sT +Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 + -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00 + -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980 + -8:00 Canada P%sT + + +############################################################################### + +# Mexico + +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05): +# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the +# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a +# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish) +# <http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/>. +# +# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC. +# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.) +# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923. +# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16. +# S&P report no DST during summer 1931. +# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01. + +# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20): +# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the +# tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that +# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of +# the relevant documents. + +# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15): +# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree +# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico. +# +# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message ------------- +# +# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the +# rules for the DST changes. The rules are: +# +# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones: +# - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ) +# - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ) +# - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ) +# +# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October +# at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows: +# BajaNorte: GMT+7 +# BajaSur: GMT+6 +# General: GMT+5 +# +# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows: +# BajaNorte: GMT+8 +# BajaSur: GMT+7 +# General: GMT+6 +# +# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th. +# +# -------------- End Forwarded Message -------------- +# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): +# For an English translation of the decree, see +# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04) +# <http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html>. + +# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08): +# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times +# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02). + +# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): +# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time +# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight +# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of +# Arizona year round. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating +# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17): +# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National +# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each +# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the +# whole year. + +# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19): +# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says +# (translated):... +# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced +# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting +# this year.... +# <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001> +# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday +# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25): +# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one +# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."... +# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html +# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep +# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than +# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish +# observation of Daylight Saving Time. + +# Official statute published by the Energy Department +# <http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre> +# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules, +# and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03). + +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03): +# +# <http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html> +# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times +# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time. +# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that +# the Federal District will not adopt DST. +# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree. +# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including +# the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools. +# +# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01): +# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight +# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier +# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight +# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California +# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight +# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president +# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending +# September 30, 2001. +# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp> +# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31) + +# From Reuters (2001-09-04): +# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was +# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the +# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation +# next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00 +# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to +# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not +# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12): +# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted +# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico.... +# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20) +# confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28): +# +# Steffen Thorsen wrote: +# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern +# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as +# > the United States. +# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from +# 2010, some border regions will be the same: +# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/ +# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939 +# (Spanish) +# +# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here: +# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf +# (Gaceta Parlamentaria) +# +# There is also a list of the votes here: +# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html +# +# Our page: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20): +# The page +# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010 +# includes this text: +# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California; +# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila; +# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en +# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto +# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos +# horas del primer domingo de noviembre. +# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja +# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea +# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte +# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el +# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá +# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a +# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War +Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún +Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56 + -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23 + -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT +# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida +Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32 + -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23 + -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT +# Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border) +Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00 + -6:00 - CST 1988 + -6:00 US C%sT 1989 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010 + -6:00 US C%sT +# Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border) +Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44 + -6:00 - CST 1988 + -6:00 US C%sT 1989 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT +# Central Mexico +Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00 + -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT +# Chihuahua (near US border) +Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 - CST 1996 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998 + -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00 + -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 + -7:00 US M%sT +# Chihuahua (away from US border) +Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 - CST 1996 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998 + -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00 + -7:00 Mexico M%sT +# Sonora +Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24 + -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14 + -8:00 - PST 1970 + -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999 + -7:00 - MST + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21): +# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit) +# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to +# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco). +# +# (Spanish) +# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del +# país, a partir de este domingo +# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748 +# +# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del +# País +# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50 +# +# (English) +# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone +# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html +# +# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that +# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time +# zone ..." +# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa + +# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01): +# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters. + +# Mazatlán +Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24 + -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14 + -8:00 - PST 1970 + -7:00 Mexico M%sT + +# Bahía de Banderas +Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00 + -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15 + -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00 + -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct + -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1 + -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24 + -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14 + -8:00 - PST 1970 + -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00 + -6:00 Mexico C%sT + +# Baja California (near US border) +Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56 + -7:00 - MST 1924 + -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15 + -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1 + -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30 + -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24 + -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u + -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace + -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5 + -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14 + -8:00 - PST 1954 + -8:00 CA P%sT 1961 + -8:00 - PST 1976 + -8:00 US P%sT 1996 + -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001 + -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20 + -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010 + -8:00 US P%sT +# Baja California (away from US border) +Zone America/Santa_Isabel -7:39:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:20:32 + -7:00 - MST 1924 + -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 + -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15 + -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1 + -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30 + -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24 + -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u + -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace + -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5 + -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14 + -8:00 - PST 1954 + -8:00 CA P%sT 1961 + -8:00 - PST 1976 + -8:00 US P%sT 1996 + -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001 + -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20 + -8:00 Mexico P%sT +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from +# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976 +# through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say +# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports +# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and +# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that +# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns +# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone +# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its +# name or contents should be. +# +# Revillagigedo Is +# no information + +############################################################################### + +# Anguilla +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# Antigua and Barbuda +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 + -5:00 - EST 1951 + -4:00 - AST + +# Bahamas +# +# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that. +# +# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07): +# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST +# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007.... +# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412 + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 + -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976 + -5:00 US E%sT + +# Barbados + +# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S +Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown + -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time + -4:00 Barb A%sT + +# Belize +# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD +Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S +Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S +Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr + -6:00 Belize C%sT + +# Bermuda + +# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower, +# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that. + +# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26): + +# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday +# in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone +# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on +# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda. +# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135 + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton + -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976 + -4:00 US A%sT + +# Cayman Is +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown + -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time + -5:00 - EST + +# Costa Rica + +# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D +# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S +Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S +# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José + -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time + -6:00 CR C%sT +# Coco +# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica + +# Cuba + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57 +# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations. +# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger. + +# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29): +# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between +# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on +# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC. +# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that +# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving +# Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of +# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched +# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have +# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.) + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11): +# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the +# years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ... +# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html + +# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28): +# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html +# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras +# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return +# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)". +# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure. + +# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12): +# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone +# adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time: +# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21): +# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end +# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see +# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html +# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00, +# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning +# to the normal schedule.... + +# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02): +# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday, +# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10. +# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules, +# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25): +# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week +# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006. +# +# He supplied these references: +# +# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES +# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm +# +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25): +# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba): +# +# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre +# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09): +# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight +# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to +# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj +# a Cuban information station, and heard +# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"), +# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12): +# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16... +# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish): +# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm +# +# Some more background information is posted here: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html +# +# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963, +# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the +# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been +# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception +# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to +# change some historic records as well. +# +# One example: +# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13): +# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative +# web site, the Granma. Please check out +# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html +# +# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change +# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday. + +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12): +# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04) +# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on +# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009- +# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought. +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html +# (in Spanish) + +# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09) +# I listened over the Internet to +# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj +# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the +# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating +# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08): +# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00 +# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has +# changed at all). +# +# Source: +# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html +# +# Our info: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30) +# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back +# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00. +# +# One source (Spanish) +# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html +# +# Our page: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01) +# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March +# 31 and April 1. +# +# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish): +# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril +# +# Our info on it: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03): +# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back +# to standard time on 2012-11-04: +# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre +# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03): +# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S +Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D +Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S +Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890 + -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT + -5:00 Cuba C%sT + +# Dominica +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# Dominican Republic + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30): +# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the +# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am.... +# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): +# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST. + +# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): +# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday, +# November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the +# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date +# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they +# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going +# to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president +# decided to revert. + + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D +Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S +Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD +Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S +Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S +Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890 + -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT + -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27 + -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00 + -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00 + -4:00 - AST + +# El Salvador + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S +# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador +# instead of America/San_Salvador. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador + -6:00 Salv C%sT + +# Grenada +# Guadeloupe +# St Barthélemy +# St Martin (French part) +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# Guatemala +# +# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen: +# Diario Co Latino, at +# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>, +# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had +# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the +# impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from +# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified). +# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22): +# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006 +# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See +# <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S +Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S +Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S +Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5 + -6:00 Guat C%sT + +# Haiti +# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15): +# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST. +# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release +# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31), +# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says: +# +# "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general +# and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior +# Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the +# provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next +# Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd. +# +# "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform +# the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour +# starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in +# October 2005. +# +# "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005" +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04): +# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like +# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a +# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST +# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year). +# +# I have found this article about it (in French): +# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612 +# +# The reason seems to be an energy crisis. + +# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22): +# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11): +# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year, +# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada. +# So this means they have already changed their time. +# +# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510 +# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253 +# +# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11): +# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to +# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight. +# Assume a US-style fall back as well. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10): +# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules +# as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they +# are going to observe DST every year now... +# +# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/ +# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714 + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S +# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. +# Go with IATA. +Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D +Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S +Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Haiti 2012 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Haiti 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890 + -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT + -5:00 Haiti E%sT + +# Honduras +# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05): +# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article +# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4 +# months until September. La Tribuna reported today +# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president +# of Honduras, refused to back down on this. + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08): +# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at +# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration). +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08): +# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08) +# <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>. +# It mentions executive decree 18-2006. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): +# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not +# published, I have located this authoritative source: +# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47 + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30): +# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386 +# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year.... + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S +Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr + -6:00 Hond C%sT +# +# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972 + +# Jamaica +# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an +# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the +# island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston + -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time + -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT 1984 + -5:00 - EST + +# Martinique +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France + -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT + -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6 + -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28 + -4:00 - AST + +# Montserrat +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# Nicaragua +# +# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12): +# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started +# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of +# expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet +# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September". +# Some background information is available on the President's official site: +# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm +# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here: +# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf +# +# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01): +# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's +# assume that it is daylight saving.... +# +# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21): +# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at +# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html +# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last +# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000 +# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."... +# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously +# since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time +# changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to +# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000. +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02): +# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time). +# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm +# (2005-09-26) +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05): +# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410 +# (my informal translation) +# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua +# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the +# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September. +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30): +# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf +# My informal translation runs: +# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the +# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S +Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D +Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S +Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890 + -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time? + -6:00 - CST 1973 May + -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16 + -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00 + -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24 + -6:00 - CST 1993 + -5:00 - EST 1997 + -6:00 Nic C%sT + +# Panama +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890 + -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time + -5:00 - EST + +# Puerto Rico +# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan + -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3 + -4:00 US A%sT 1946 + -4:00 - AST + +# St Kitts-Nevis +# St Lucia +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# St Pierre and Miquelon +# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre + -4:00 - AST 1980 May + -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time + -3:00 Canada PM%sT + +# St Vincent and the Grenadines +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + +# Turks and Caicos +# +# From Chris Dunn in +# <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007> +# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the +# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match +# the recent U.S. change of dates. +# +# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28): +# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26] +# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three +# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct: +# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007 +# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time" +# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01): +# Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998) +# says they switch at midnight. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule TC 1979 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule TC 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule TC 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule TC 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890 + -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time + -5:00 TC E%sT + +# British Virgin Is +# Virgin Is +# See America/Port_of_Spain. + + +# Local Variables: +# coding: utf-8 +# End: diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/pacificnew b/contrib/tzdata/pacificnew new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7349434 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/pacificnew @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# From Arthur David Olson (1989-04-05): +# On 1989-04-05, the U. S. House of Representatives passed (238-154) a bill +# establishing "Pacific Presidential Election Time"; it was not acted on +# by the Senate or signed into law by the President. +# You might want to change the "PE" (Presidential Election) below to +# "Q" (Quadrennial) to maintain three-character zone abbreviations. +# If you're really conservative, you might want to change it to "D". +# Avoid "L" (Leap Year), which won't be true in 2100. + +# If Presidential Election Time is ever established, replace "XXXX" below +# with the year the law takes effect and uncomment the "##" lines. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +## Rule Twilite XXXX max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +## Rule Twilite XXXX max uspres Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 PE +## Rule Twilite XXXX max uspres Nov Sun>=7 2:00 0 S +## Rule Twilite XXXX max nonpres Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] +## Zone America/Los_Angeles-PET -8:00 US P%sT XXXX +## -8:00 Twilite P%sT + +# For now... +Link America/Los_Angeles US/Pacific-New ## diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/southamerica b/contrib/tzdata/southamerica new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de1f15e --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/southamerica @@ -0,0 +1,1699 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, +# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to +# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). +# +# For data circa 1899, a common source is: +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 +# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. +# +# Gwillim Law writes that a good source +# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport +# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), +# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries +# of the IATA's data after 1990. +# +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# +# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and +# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote +# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST). +# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome +# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use +# in Europe and South America. +# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in +# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466 +# +# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style +# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say +# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a São Paulo businessman active in +# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06): +# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in +# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasília time" is considered the +# "official time" because Brasília is the capital city. +# The other three time zones are called "Brasília time "minus one" or +# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such +# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time". +# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now. +# Corrections are welcome! +# std dst +# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha +# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasília +# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon +# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre + +############################################################################### + +############################################################################### + +# Argentina + +# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): +# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976. +# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight. + +# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-19): +# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC + +# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): +# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table... +# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S +# +# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): +# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A., +# obtaining the data from the: +# Talleres de Hidrografía Naval Argentina +# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute) +Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +# +# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): +# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving +# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications +# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made. +# +# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): +# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time, +# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours +# from the International Date Line. +Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28): +# DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted +# to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that +# it ended on March 3. +Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 - +# +# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): +# We just checked with our São Paulo office and they say the government of +# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. +# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. +# +# From Fabián L. Arce Jofré (2000-04-04): +# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando +# de la Rúa on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy +# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3. +# +# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06): +# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999 +# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be +# in effect.... The article is at +# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm +# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted +# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at: +# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF +# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version.... +# +# (2001-06-12): +# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday. +# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th.... +# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm +# +# (2001-06-25): +# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the +# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed. +# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm +# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same.... +# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina. +# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21): +# A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST.... +# all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected. News reports like +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate +# that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to +# March, although exact rules are not given. +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-12-26) +# The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in +# the lower chamber too (Diputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against. +# By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to +# the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are +# clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval: +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996 +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22): +# For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and +# are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-09-05): +# As per message from Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz (Nicaragua), +# Argentina will start DST on Sunday October 19, 2008. +# +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html +# http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish) + +# From Rodrigo Severo (2008-10-06): +# Here is some info available at a Gentoo bug related to TZ on Argentina's DST: +# ... +# ------- Comment #1 from [jmdocile] 2008-10-06 16:28 0000 ------- +# Hi, there is a problem with timezone-data-2008e and maybe with +# timezone-data-2008f +# Argentinian law [Number] 25.155 is no longer valid. +# http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm +# The new one is law [Number] 26.350 +# http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm +# So there is no summer time in Argentina for now. + +# From Mariano Absatz (2008-10-20): +# Decree 1693/2008 applies Law 26.350 for the summer 2008/2009 establishing DST in Argentina +# From 2008-10-19 until 2009-03-15 +# http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01 +# + +# Decree 1705/2008 excepting 12 Provinces from applying DST in the summer +# 2008/2009: Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, La +# Pampa, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego +# http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01 +# +# Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the Province of Jujuy saying +# it will not apply DST either (even when it was not included in Decree 1705/2008) +# http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc + +# From fullinet (2009-10-18): +# As announced in +# http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356 +# (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora" (english: "No hour change") +# +# "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvió no modificar la hora +# oficial, decisión que estaba en estudio para su implementación el +# domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificación se anunció +# que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorológicas, no necesita +# la modificación del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con +# crecimiento en la producción y distribución energética." + +Rule Arg 2007 only - Dec 30 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S + +# From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21): +# Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing +# its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night.... +# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf +# From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24): +# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for +# now we'll assume it's for this year only. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08) +# <http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html> +# says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31 +# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value +# over Shanks & Pottenger. +# +# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05): +# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state: +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp +# +# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at +# midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01). +# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same +# time in October 17th. +# +# Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, +# Tierra del Fuego, Tucumán. +# +# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14): +# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00 +# yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's +# annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained.... +# +# From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14): +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ... +# "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from +# the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take +# effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin +# three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday.... +# Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place +# on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other +# provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article +# contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday +# date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del +# Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00. +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05): +# The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone +# back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the +# new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17). +# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf +# +# From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05): +# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between +# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00 +# at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th.... +# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html +# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html +# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17): +# Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST +# as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008: +# +# Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del país +# (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the +# country) +# http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel +# +# Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes +# (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay) +# http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/nota/253414/Economia/Es-inminente-que-en-San-Luis-atrasen-una-hora-los-relojes.html +# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-01-18): +# The page of the San Luis provincial government +# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812 +# confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz +# emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard +# time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also +# confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza +# refused to follow San Luis in this change. +# +# The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21.st at 0:00 +# hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need +# a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented +# independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in +# 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed). + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-01-25): +# Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis +# time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most +# important pages of 2008." +# +# You can use +# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834 +# instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis +# government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages +# from which the first one is identical to the above. + +# From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28): +# I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that +# province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008 +# (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back +# 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round +# (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now). +# +# So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San +# Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be +# America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's +# history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-( +# (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis +# back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I +# mailed them personally and never got an answer). + +# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): +# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992, +# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that +# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, one of which +# was America/San_Luis, but we haven't verified this yet so for now we'll +# keep America/Cordoba a single region rather than splitting it into the +# other 5 subregions. + +# From Mariano Absatz (2009-03-13): +# Yesterday (with our usual 2-day notice) the Province of San Luis +# decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc-03:00 they will go +# to utc-04:00 until the second Saturday in October... +# +# The press release is at +# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102 +# (I couldn't find the decree, but www.sanluis.gov.ar +# is the official page for the Province Government.) +# +# There's also a note in only one of the major national papers ... +# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912 +# +# The press release says [quick and dirty translation]: +# ... announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis +# inhabitants) will have to turn back one hour their clocks +# +# Since then, San Luis will establish its own Province timezone. Thus, +# during 2009, this timezone change will run from 00:00 the third Sunday +# in March until 24:00 of the second Saturday in October. + +# From Mariano Absatz (2009-10-16): +# ...the Province of San Luis is a case in itself. +# +# The Law at +# http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276 +# is ambiguous because establishes a calendar from the 2nd Sunday in +# October at 0:00 thru the 2nd Saturday in March at 24:00 and the +# complement of that starting on the 2nd Sunday of March at 0:00 and +# ending on the 2nd Saturday of March at 24:00. +# +# This clearly breaks every time the 1st of March or October is a Sunday. +# +# IMHO, the "spirit of the Law" is to make the changes at 0:00 on the 2nd +# Sunday of October and March. +# +# The problem is that the changes in the rest of the Provinces that did +# change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees +# that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March. +# +# In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday +# (October 11th) at 0:00. +# +# So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last +# America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these... +# +# I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis +# timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like, +# right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country +# is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest +# of the country calls it "ART". +# ... + +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09): +# According to news reports from El Diario de la Republica Province San +# Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time +# after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of +# Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST). +# +# Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish) +# http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9 +# or (some English translation): +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html + +# From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12): +# yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling +# UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg" +# rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got +# stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over. + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-05): +# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at UTC-4 +# with perpetual summer time, but ordinary usage typically seems to +# just say it's at UTC-3; see, for example, +# <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina>. +# We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to +# standard time, so let's do that here too. This does not change UTC +# offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations. One minor +# plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ +# setting for time stamps past 2038. + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): +# Milne says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2. Round to the nearest second. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# +# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), +Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT +# +# Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), +# Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE) +# +# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified: +# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07. +# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29. +# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04. +# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01, +# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26. +# +Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT +# +# Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN) +Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Tucumán (TM) +Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT +# +# La Rioja (LR) +Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1 + -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# San Juan (SJ) +Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1 + -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Jujuy (JY) +Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 + -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28 + -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 + -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH) +Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Mendoza (MZ) +Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 + -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15 + -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 + -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 + -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# San Luis (SL) + +Rule SanLuis 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 - +Rule SanLuis 2007 2008 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S + +Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 + -3:00 1:00 ARST 1990 Mar 14 + -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15 + -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1 + -4:00 - WART 1991 Jun 1 + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 1:00 WARST 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Jan 21 + -4:00 SanLuis WAR%sT 2009 Oct 11 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Santa Cruz (SC) +Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART +# +# Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF) +Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 + -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time + -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 + -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30 + -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART + +# Aruba +Link America/Curacao America/Aruba + +# Bolivia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 + -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT + -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST + -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time + +# Brazil + +# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): +# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules +# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade. +# The rule change lasted only part of the day; +# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business +# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon. + +# From IATA SSIM (1996-02): +# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS), +# Santa Catarina (SC), Paraná (PR), São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), +# Espírito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goiás (GO), +# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL]. +# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.] + +# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07): +# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goiás until 1989), and other +# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were +# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST.... +# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until +# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95, +# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2 +# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is +# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is +# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's +# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2 +# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West. +# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline +# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each +# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that +# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapá (AP), Ceará (CE), +# Maranhão (MA), Paraíba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piauí (PI), and Rio Grande do +# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Pará (PA) are all in BR1 without DST. + +# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27): +# Brazilian official page <http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html> + +# From Jesper Nørgaard (2000-11-03): +# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:] +# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm +# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm + +# From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09): +# The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil. +# +# Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and +# the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first +# round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President, +# Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is +# counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second +# round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will +# take place on October 27th. +# +# The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands +# of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the +# Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM, +# the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution +# (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)... + +# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04): +# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly +# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal +# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20): +# Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00: +# http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975 + +# From Paul Schulze (2008-06-24): +# ...by law number 11.662 of April 24, 2008 (published in the "Diario +# Oficial da União"...) in Brazil there are changes in the timezones, +# effective today (00:00am at June 24, 2008) as follows: +# +# a) The timezone UTC+5 is e[x]tinguished, with all the Acre state and the +# part of the Amazonas state that had this timezone now being put to the +# timezone UTC+4 +# b) The whole Pará state now is put at timezone UTC+3, instead of just +# part of it, as was before. +# +# This change follows a proposal of senator Tiao Viana of Acre state, that +# proposed it due to concerns about open television channels displaying +# programs inappropriate to youths in the states that had the timezone +# UTC+5 too early in the night. In the occasion, some more corrections +# were proposed, trying to unify the timezones of any given state. This +# change modifies timezone rules defined in decree 2.784 of 18 June, +# 1913. + +# From Rodrigo Severo (2008-06-24): +# Just correcting the URL: +# https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008 +# +# As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco +# timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall +# be created to represent the...west side of the Pará State. I +# suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most +# important/populated city in the affected area. +# +# This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to +# the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4. + +# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24): +# This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map. +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php +# +# - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones - eliminating time zone UTC-05 +# (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT-04) - western +# part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC-03 (from UTC-04). + +# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10): +# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from +# Decretos sobre o Horário de Verão no Brasil +# <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html>. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-29): +# As announced by the government and many newspapers in Brazil late +# yesterday, Brazil will start DST on 2008-10-19 (need to change rule) and +# it will end on 2009-02-15 (current rule for Brazil is fine). Based on +# past years experience with the elections, there was a good chance that +# the start was postponed to November, but it did not happen this year. +# +# It has not yet been posted to http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html +# +# An official page about it: +# http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722 +# Note that this link does not always work directly, but must be accessed +# by going to +# http://www.mme.gov.br/first +# +# One example link that works directly: +# http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54 +# (Portuguese) +# +# We have a written a short article about it as well: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html +# +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-04): +# State Bahia will return to Daylight savings time this year after 8 years off. +# The announcement was made by Governor Jaques Wagner in an interview to a +# television station in Salvador. + +# In Portuguese: +# http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html +# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html + +# From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07): +# There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it. +# I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandao at http://pcdsh01.on.br/ the +# official agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is +# still in force. + +# From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-14) +# It's official, the President signed a decree that includes Bahia in summer +# time. +# [ and in a second message (same day): ] +# I found the decree. +# +# DECRETO No- 7.584, DE 13 DE OUTUBRO DE 2011 +# Link : +# http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6 + +# From Kelley Cook (2012-10-16): +# The governor of state of Bahia in Brazil announced on Thursday that +# due to public pressure, he is reversing the DST policy they implemented +# last year and will not be going to Summer Time on October 21st.... +# http://www.correio24horas.com.br/r/artigo/apos-pressoes-wagner-suspende-horario-de-verao-na-bahia + +# From Rodrigo Severo (2012-10-16): +# Tocantins state will have DST. +# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20): +# Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October.... +# http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto +# We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed: +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17): +# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html +# Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10. +# He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas +# will change as well. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-17): +# For now, assume western Amazonas will change as well. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# Decree 20,466 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm> (1931-10-01) +# Decree 21,896 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm> (1932-01-10) +Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 23,195 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm> (1933-10-10) +# revoked DST. +# Decree 27,496 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm> (1949-11-24) +# Decree 27,998 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm> (1950-04-13) +Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +# Decree 32,308 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm> (1953-02-24) +Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +# Decree 34,724 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm> (1953-11-30) +# revoked DST. +# Decree 52,700 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm> (1963-10-18) +# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00 +# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought. +# Decree 53,071 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm> (1963-12-03) +# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09. +Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 53,604 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm> (1964-02-25) +# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school). +Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +# Decree 55,639 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm> (1965-01-27) +Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - +# Decree 57,303 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm> (1965-11-22) +Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm> (1966-02-18) +Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 63,429 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm> (1968-10-15) +# revoked DST. +# Decree 91,698 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm> (1985-09-27) +Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21) +# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13) +Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 - +# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01) +Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 - +# Decree 94,922 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm> (1987-09-22) +Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 - +# Decree 96,676 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm> (1988-09-12) +# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory) +Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 - +# Decree 98,077 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm> (1989-08-21) +# with the same exceptions +Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - +# Decree 99,530 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm> (1990-09-17) +# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF. +# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT. +Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 - +# Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm> (1991-09-25) +# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF. +Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 - +# Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm> (1992-10-16) +# adopted by same states. +Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 - +# Decree 942 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm> (1993-09-28) +# adopted by same states, plus AM. +# Decree 1,252 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm> (1994-09-22; +# web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM. +# Decree 1,636 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm> (1995-09-14) +# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO. +# Decree 1,674 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm> (1995-10-13) +# adds AL, SE. +Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - +# Decree 2,000 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm> (1996-09-04) +# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE. +Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 - +# From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12): +# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that +# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS, +# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit. +# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1 +# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power. +# +# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states. +Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 2,495 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG> +# (1998-02-10) +Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +# Decree 2,780 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg> (1998-09-11) +# adopted by the same states as before. +Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 - +# Decree 3,150 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif> +# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states. +# Decree 3,188 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif> (1999-09-30) +# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. +Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 - +# Decree 3,592 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm> (2000-09-06) +# adopted by the same states as before. +# Decree 3,630 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg> (2000-10-13) +# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00. +# Decree 3,632 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg> (2000-10-17) +# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00. +# Decree 3,916 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif> +# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE. +Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE. +# 4,399 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm> +Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO. +# 4,844 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm> +Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT. +# 5,223 <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm> +Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 5,539 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif> (2005-09-19), +# adopted by the same states as before. +Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S +# Decree 5,920 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif> (2006-10-03), +# adopted by the same states as before. +Rule Brazil 2006 only - Nov 5 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2007 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 - +# Decree 6,212 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif> (2007-09-26), +# adopted by the same states as before. +Rule Brazil 2007 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +# From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10): +# According to this decree +# http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm +# [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the +# 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is +# the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday... +Rule Brazil 2008 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2008 2011 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2012 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2013 2014 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2015 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2016 2022 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2023 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2024 2025 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2026 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2027 2033 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2034 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2035 2036 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2037 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 - +# From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29): +# The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing. +Rule Brazil 2038 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - + +# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST: +# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP. + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +# +# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE) +Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 + -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30 + -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15 + -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13 + -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1 + -2:00 - FNT +# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement. +# These include Trindade and Martim Vaz (administratively part of ES), +# Rocas Atoll (RN), and the St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (PE). +# Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01; +# it also included the Penedos. +# +# Amapá (AP), east Pará (PA) +# East Pará includes Belém, Marabá, Serra Norte, and São Félix do Xingu. +# The division between east and west Pará is the river Xingu. +# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess, +# the border with Amapá) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu. +Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# west Pará (PA) +# West Pará includes Altamira, Óbidos, Prainha, Oriximiná, and Santarém. +Zone America/Santarem -3:38:48 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -4:00 - AMT 2008 Jun 24 00:00 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN), +# Paraíba (PB) +Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 + -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands) +Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15 + -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Tocantins (TO) +Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24 + -3:00 - BRT 2012 Oct 21 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2013 Sep + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE) +Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4 + -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 + -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Bahia (BA) +# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead +# of America/Salvador. +Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24 + -3:00 - BRT 2011 Oct 16 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2012 Oct 21 + -3:00 - BRT +# +# Goiás (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG), +# Espírito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR), +# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS) +Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00 + -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964 + -3:00 Brazil BR%sT +# +# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) +Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT +# +# Mato Grosso (MT) +Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24 + -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT +# +# Rondônia (RO) +Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -4:00 - AMT +# +# Roraima (RR) +Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15 + -4:00 - AMT +# +# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutaí, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto +# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides +# east from west Amazonas. +Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22 + -4:00 - AMT +# +# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant, +# Eirunepé, Envira, Ipixuna +Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914 + -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28 + -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22 + -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00 + -4:00 - AMT 2013 Nov 10 + -5:00 - ACT +# +# Acre (AC) +Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914 + -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 + -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00 + -4:00 - AMT 2013 Nov 10 + -5:00 - ACT + +# Chile + +# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19): +# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY +# of October.... The law is the same for March and October. +# (1998-09-29): +# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into +# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ... +# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess). + +# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18): +# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later, +# on April 3, (one-time change). + +# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08): +# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm + +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-08): +# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link +# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4 +# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15 +# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but +# anyhow it clears up some doubts too. + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27): +# The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from +# <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by +# Jesper Nørgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks +# & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from +# America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious, +# but we have no other source. + +# From Germán Poo-Caamaño (2008-03-03): +# Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks. This +# is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago +# and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter) +# The Supreme Decree is located at +# http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf +# and the instructions for 2008 are located in: +# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm + +# From José Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05): +# ... +# You could see the announces of the change on +# http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm + +# From Angel Chiang (2010-03-04): +# Subject: DST in Chile exceptionally extended to 3 April due to earthquake +# http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098 +# (in Spanish, last paragraph). +# +# This is breaking news. There should be more information available later. + +# From Arthur Daivd Olson (2010-03-06): +# Angel Chiang's message confirmed by Julio Pacheco; Julio provided a patch. + +# From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-02): [geychaner@mac.com] +# It appears that the Chilean government has decided to postpone the +# change from summer time to winter time again, by three weeks to April +# 2nd: +# http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=467651 +# +# This is not yet reflected in the official "cambio de hora" site, but +# probably will be soon: +# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-03-02): +# The emol.com article mentions a water shortage as the cause of the +# postponement, which may mean that it's not a permanent change. + +# From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-28): +# The article: +# http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E} +# +# In English: +# Chile's clocks will go back an hour this year on the 7th of May instead +# of this Saturday. They will go forward again the 3rd Saturday in +# August, not in October as they have since 1968. This is a pilot plan +# which will be reevaluated in 2012. + +# From Mauricio Parada (2012-02-22), translated by Glenn Eychaner (2012-02-23): +# As stated in the website of the Chilean Energy Ministry +# http://www.minenergia.cl/ministerio/noticias/generales/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de.html +# The Chilean Government has decided to postpone the entrance into winter time +# (to leave DST) from March 11 2012 to April 28th 2012. The decision has not +# been yet formalized but it will within the next days. +# Quote from the website communication: +# +# 6. For the year 2012, the dates of entry into winter time will be as follows: +# a. Saturday April 28, 2012, clocks should go back 60 minutes; that is, at +# 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be 23:00 +# of the same day. +# b. Saturday, September 1, 2012, clocks should go forward 60 minutes; that is, +# at 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be +# 01:00 on September 2. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-02-15): +# According to several news sources, Chile has extended DST this year, +# they will end DST later and start DST earlier than planned. They +# hope to save energy. The new end date is 2013-04-28 00:00 and new +# start date is 2013-09-08 00:00.... +# http://www.gob.cl/informa/2013/02/15/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de-hora-para-el-ano-2013.htm + +# From José Miguel Garrido (2014-02-19): +# Today appeared in the Diario Oficial a decree amending the time change +# dates to 2014. +# DST End: last Saturday of April 2014 (Sun 27 Apr 2014 03:00 UTC) +# DST Start: first Saturday of September 2014 (Sun 07 Sep 2014 04:00 UTC) +# http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl//media/2014/02/19/do-20140219.pdf + +# NOTE: ChileAQ rules for Antarctic bases are stored separately in the +# 'antarctica' file. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 - +Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, +# which is used below in specifying the transition. +Rule Chile 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S +Rule Chile 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - +Rule Chile 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S +# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14; +# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these. +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890 + -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time + -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time + -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time + -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time + -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time + -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time + -4:00 Chile CL%sT +Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890 + -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time + -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time + -6:00 Chile EAS%sT +# +# Salas y Gómez Island is uninhabited. +# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernández Is, Desventuradas Is, +# and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago. + +# Colombia + +# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest. He writes, +# "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare." + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Bogota -4:56:16 - LMT 1884 Mar 13 + -4:56:16 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time + -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time +# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres +# no information; probably like America/Bogota + +# Curaçao + +# Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at +# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that +# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from +# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say +# Saba Island has been like Curaçao. +# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though. +# +# By July 2007 Curaçao and St Maarten are planned to become +# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba; +# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the +# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones +# though, as far as we know. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Curacao -4:35:47 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad + -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time + -4:00 - AST + +# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): +# use links for places with new iso3166 codes. +# The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen characters +# and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below. + +Link America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten +Link America/Curacao America/Kralendijk # Caribbean Netherlands + +# Ecuador +# +# Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04): +# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992. +# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and +# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both +# talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data. +# +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890 + -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time + -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time +Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno + -5:00 - ECT 1986 + -6:00 - GALT # Galápagos Time + +# Falklands + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except +# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. + +# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22) +# via Jesper Nørgaard: +# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15 +# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2 +# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2 +# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on +# Sunday 1 September. + +# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13): +# +# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last +# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is +# what was said then: +# +# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp +# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have +# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time') +# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of +# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who +# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as +# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th +# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule +# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time +# as UK or Chile." +# +# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at +# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does +# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true? +# +# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the +# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there +# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of +# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes +# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like +# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers. +# +# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and +# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that +# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her +# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner. + +# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05): +# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no +# better info. + +# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-04-01): +# The Falkland Islands will not turn back clocks this winter, but stay on +# daylight saving time. +# +# One source: +# http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3 +# +# We have gotten this confirmed by a clerk of the legislative assembly: +# Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the +# third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3 +# hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs. +# +# IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands +# will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer +# time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011. Any long term +# change to local time following the trial period will be notified. +# +# From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24) +# A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive, +# Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22) +# states... +# The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the +# clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April. +# The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed +# summer time on a trial basis only. FIG need to contact IANA and/or +# the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting +# the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years. +# +# For now we will assume permanent summer time for the Falklands +# until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011 +# experiment was apparently successful.) +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 - +Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 - +Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 - +Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 + -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time + -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time + -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15 + -4:00 Falk FK%sT 2010 Sep 5 02:00 + -3:00 - FKST + +# French Guiana +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul + -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time + -3:00 - GFT + +# Guyana +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown + -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time + -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time + -3:00 - GYT 1991 +# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. + -4:00 - GYT + +# Paraguay +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00, +# and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999 +# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00. +# +# From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20): +# No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally +# adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates. +# +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - +# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now. +# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02): +# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday +# (10-01). +# +# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from +# Noticias, a daily paper in Asunción, Paraguay (2000-10-01) +# <http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm>: +# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in +# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change +# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate +# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every +# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the +# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March. +# +Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but +# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27). +Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28): +# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the +# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in +# April. +Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +# +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-01-02): +# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made +# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004. +# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05): +# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05) +# From Carlos Raúl Perasso via Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-13) +# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf> +Rule Para 2004 2009 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 2005 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 - +# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2010-02-18): +# By decree number 3958 issued yesterday +# http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf +# Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and +# modifying the October date. The decree reads: +# ... +# Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of +# April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes, +# and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set +# forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic. +# ... +Rule Para 2010 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 2010 2012 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 0 - +# +# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07): +# Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00.... +# http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075 +# +# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2013-03-15): +# The change in Paraguay is now final. Decree number 10780 +# http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf +# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28): +# Decree 1264 can be found at: +# http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf +Rule Para 2013 max - Mar Sun>=22 0:00 0 - + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 + -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time + -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time + -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr + -4:00 Para PY%sT + +# Peru +# +# From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26) +# <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>: +# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over +# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 - +Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890 + -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time? + -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time + +# South Georgia +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken + -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time + +# South Sandwich Is +# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered + +# Suriname +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911 + -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time + -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved? + -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time + -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time + -3:00 - SRT + +# Trinidad and Tobago +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 + -4:00 - AST + +# These all agree with Trinidad and Tobago since 1970. +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Grenada +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Guadeloupe +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot # St Martin (French part) +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Montserrat +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy # St Barthélemy +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Kitts # St Kitts & Nevis +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Lucia +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Thomas # Virgin Islands (US) +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Vincent +Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Tortola # Virgin Islands (UK) + +# Uruguay +# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): +# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules. +# From Shanks & Pottenger: +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman. +Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 - +# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS +# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13, +# and 1943 Apr 13 "to present time"; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS +Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S +# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2, +# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA. +Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - +Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 - +# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20): +# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time.... +# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm +Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S +# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11): +# Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to +# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks.... +# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm +Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 - +# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27): +# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF +# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at +# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2. +Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 - +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06): +# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF +Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 - +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28 + -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT + -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time + -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT + +# Venezuela +# +# From John Stainforth (2007-11-28): +# ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has +# been brought forward to 2007-12-09. The official announcement was +# published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana +# de Venezuela, número 38.819" (official document for all laws or +# resolution publication) +# http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208 + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] +Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890 + -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time? + -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time + -4:00 - VET 2007 Dec 9 03:00 + -4:30 - VET diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/systemv b/contrib/tzdata/systemv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9e2995 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/systemv @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. + +# Old rules, should the need arise. +# No attempt is made to handle Newfoundland, since it cannot be expressed +# using the System V "TZ" scheme (half-hour offset), or anything outside +# North America (no support for non-standard DST start/end dates), nor +# the changes in the DST rules in the US after 1976 (which occurred after +# the old rules were written). +# +# If you need the old rules, uncomment ## lines. +# Compile this *without* leap second correction for true conformance. + +# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S +Rule SystemV min 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule SystemV min 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule SystemV 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D +Rule SystemV 1974 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule SystemV 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D +Rule SystemV 1975 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule SystemV 1976 max - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D +Rule SystemV 1976 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S + +# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] +## Zone SystemV/AST4ADT -4:00 SystemV A%sT +## Zone SystemV/EST5EDT -5:00 SystemV E%sT +## Zone SystemV/CST6CDT -6:00 SystemV C%sT +## Zone SystemV/MST7MDT -7:00 SystemV M%sT +## Zone SystemV/PST8PDT -8:00 SystemV P%sT +## Zone SystemV/YST9YDT -9:00 SystemV Y%sT +## Zone SystemV/AST4 -4:00 - AST +## Zone SystemV/EST5 -5:00 - EST +## Zone SystemV/CST6 -6:00 - CST +## Zone SystemV/MST7 -7:00 - MST +## Zone SystemV/PST8 -8:00 - PST +## Zone SystemV/YST9 -9:00 - YST +## Zone SystemV/HST10 -10:00 - HST diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/yearistype.sh b/contrib/tzdata/yearistype.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..dfdcdf0 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/yearistype.sh @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +#! /bin/sh + +: 'This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of' +: '2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.' + +case $#-$1 in + 2-|2-0*|2-*[!0-9]*) + echo "$0: wild year: $1" >&2 + exit 1 ;; +esac + +case $#-$2 in + 2-even) + case $1 in + *[24680]) exit 0 ;; + *) exit 1 ;; + esac ;; + 2-nonpres|2-nonuspres) + case $1 in + *[02468][048]|*[13579][26]) exit 1 ;; + *) exit 0 ;; + esac ;; + 2-odd) + case $1 in + *[13579]) exit 0 ;; + *) exit 1 ;; + esac ;; + 2-uspres) + case $1 in + *[02468][048]|*[13579][26]) exit 0 ;; + *) exit 1 ;; + esac ;; + 2-*) + echo "$0: wild type: $2" >&2 ;; +esac + +echo "$0: usage is $0 year even|odd|uspres|nonpres|nonuspres" >&2 +exit 1 diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/zone.tab b/contrib/tzdata/zone.tab new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92b9c98 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/zone.tab @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@ +# tz zone descriptions (deprecated version) +# +# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of +# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31): +# This file is intended as a backward-compatibility aid for older programs. +# New programs should use zone1970.tab. This file is like zone1970.tab (see +# zone1970.tab's comments), but with the following additional restrictions: +# +# 1. This file contains only ASCII characters. +# 2. The first data column contains exactly one country code. +# +# Because of (2), each row stands for an area that is the intersection +# of a region identified by a country code and of a zone where civil +# clocks have agreed since 1970; this is a narrower definition than +# that of zone1970.tab. +# +# This table is intended as an aid for users, to help them select time +# zone data appropriate for their practical needs. It is not intended +# to take or endorse any position on legal or territorial claims. +# +#country- +#code coordinates TZ comments +AD +4230+00131 Europe/Andorra +AE +2518+05518 Asia/Dubai +AF +3431+06912 Asia/Kabul +AG +1703-06148 America/Antigua +AI +1812-06304 America/Anguilla +AL +4120+01950 Europe/Tirane +AM +4011+04430 Asia/Yerevan +AO -0848+01314 Africa/Luanda +AQ -7750+16636 Antarctica/McMurdo McMurdo, South Pole, Scott (New Zealand time) +AQ -6734-06808 Antarctica/Rothera Rothera Station, Adelaide Island +AQ -6448-06406 Antarctica/Palmer Palmer Station, Anvers Island +AQ -6736+06253 Antarctica/Mawson Mawson Station, Holme Bay +AQ -6835+07758 Antarctica/Davis Davis Station, Vestfold Hills +AQ -6617+11031 Antarctica/Casey Casey Station, Bailey Peninsula +AQ -7824+10654 Antarctica/Vostok Vostok Station, Lake Vostok +AQ -6640+14001 Antarctica/DumontDUrville Dumont-d'Urville Station, Terre Adelie +AQ -690022+0393524 Antarctica/Syowa Syowa Station, E Ongul I +AQ -720041+0023206 Antarctica/Troll Troll Station, Queen Maud Land +AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF) +AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba most locations (CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF) +AR -2447-06525 America/Argentina/Salta (SA, LP, NQ, RN) +AR -2411-06518 America/Argentina/Jujuy Jujuy (JY) +AR -2649-06513 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucuman (TM) +AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH) +AR -2926-06651 America/Argentina/La_Rioja La Rioja (LR) +AR -3132-06831 America/Argentina/San_Juan San Juan (SJ) +AR -3253-06849 America/Argentina/Mendoza Mendoza (MZ) +AR -3319-06621 America/Argentina/San_Luis San Luis (SL) +AR -5138-06913 America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos Santa Cruz (SC) +AR -5448-06818 America/Argentina/Ushuaia Tierra del Fuego (TF) +AS -1416-17042 Pacific/Pago_Pago +AT +4813+01620 Europe/Vienna +AU -3133+15905 Australia/Lord_Howe Lord Howe Island +AU -5430+15857 Antarctica/Macquarie Macquarie Island +AU -4253+14719 Australia/Hobart Tasmania - most locations +AU -3956+14352 Australia/Currie Tasmania - King Island +AU -3749+14458 Australia/Melbourne Victoria +AU -3352+15113 Australia/Sydney New South Wales - most locations +AU -3157+14127 Australia/Broken_Hill New South Wales - Yancowinna +AU -2728+15302 Australia/Brisbane Queensland - most locations +AU -2016+14900 Australia/Lindeman Queensland - Holiday Islands +AU -3455+13835 Australia/Adelaide South Australia +AU -1228+13050 Australia/Darwin Northern Territory +AU -3157+11551 Australia/Perth Western Australia - most locations +AU -3143+12852 Australia/Eucla Western Australia - Eucla area +AW +1230-06958 America/Aruba +AX +6006+01957 Europe/Mariehamn +AZ +4023+04951 Asia/Baku +BA +4352+01825 Europe/Sarajevo +BB +1306-05937 America/Barbados +BD +2343+09025 Asia/Dhaka +BE +5050+00420 Europe/Brussels +BF +1222-00131 Africa/Ouagadougou +BG +4241+02319 Europe/Sofia +BH +2623+05035 Asia/Bahrain +BI -0323+02922 Africa/Bujumbura +BJ +0629+00237 Africa/Porto-Novo +BL +1753-06251 America/St_Barthelemy +BM +3217-06446 Atlantic/Bermuda +BN +0456+11455 Asia/Brunei +BO -1630-06809 America/La_Paz +BQ +120903-0681636 America/Kralendijk +BR -0351-03225 America/Noronha Atlantic islands +BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Amapa, E Para +BR -0343-03830 America/Fortaleza NE Brazil (MA, PI, CE, RN, PB) +BR -0803-03454 America/Recife Pernambuco +BR -0712-04812 America/Araguaina Tocantins +BR -0940-03543 America/Maceio Alagoas, Sergipe +BR -1259-03831 America/Bahia Bahia +BR -2332-04637 America/Sao_Paulo S & SE Brazil (GO, DF, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS) +BR -2027-05437 America/Campo_Grande Mato Grosso do Sul +BR -1535-05605 America/Cuiaba Mato Grosso +BR -0226-05452 America/Santarem W Para +BR -0846-06354 America/Porto_Velho Rondonia +BR +0249-06040 America/Boa_Vista Roraima +BR -0308-06001 America/Manaus E Amazonas +BR -0640-06952 America/Eirunepe W Amazonas +BR -0958-06748 America/Rio_Branco Acre +BS +2505-07721 America/Nassau +BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu +BW -2439+02555 Africa/Gaborone +BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk +BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize +CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland Time, including SE Labrador +CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), PEI +CA +4612-05957 America/Glace_Bay Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did not observe DST 1966-1971 +CA +4606-06447 America/Moncton Atlantic Time - New Brunswick +CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations +CA +5125-05707 America/Blanc-Sablon Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore +CA +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - most locations +CA +4901-08816 America/Nipigon Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973 +CA +4823-08915 America/Thunder_Bay Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario +CA +6344-06828 America/Iqaluit Eastern Time - east Nunavut - most locations +CA +6608-06544 America/Pangnirtung Eastern Time - Pangnirtung, Nunavut +CA +744144-0944945 America/Resolute Central Time - Resolute, Nunavut +CA +484531-0913718 America/Atikokan Eastern Standard Time - Atikokan, Ontario and Southampton I, Nunavut +CA +624900-0920459 America/Rankin_Inlet Central Time - central Nunavut +CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central Time - Manitoba & west Ontario +CA +4843-09434 America/Rainy_River Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario +CA +5024-10439 America/Regina Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - most locations +CA +5017-10750 America/Swift_Current Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - midwest +CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain Time - Alberta, east British Columbia & west Saskatchewan +CA +690650-1050310 America/Cambridge_Bay Mountain Time - west Nunavut +CA +6227-11421 America/Yellowknife Mountain Time - central Northwest Territories +CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories +CA +4906-11631 America/Creston Mountain Standard Time - Creston, British Columbia +CA +5946-12014 America/Dawson_Creek Mountain Standard Time - Dawson Creek & Fort Saint John, British Columbia +CA +4916-12307 America/Vancouver Pacific Time - west British Columbia +CA +6043-13503 America/Whitehorse Pacific Time - south Yukon +CA +6404-13925 America/Dawson Pacific Time - north Yukon +CC -1210+09655 Indian/Cocos +CD -0418+01518 Africa/Kinshasa west Dem. Rep. of Congo +CD -1140+02728 Africa/Lubumbashi east Dem. Rep. of Congo +CF +0422+01835 Africa/Bangui +CG -0416+01517 Africa/Brazzaville +CH +4723+00832 Europe/Zurich +CI +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan +CK -2114-15946 Pacific/Rarotonga +CL -3327-07040 America/Santiago most locations +CL -2709-10926 Pacific/Easter Easter Island +CM +0403+00942 Africa/Douala +CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai Beijing Time +CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time +CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota +CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica +CU +2308-08222 America/Havana +CV +1455-02331 Atlantic/Cape_Verde +CW +1211-06900 America/Curacao +CX -1025+10543 Indian/Christmas +CY +3510+03322 Asia/Nicosia +CZ +5005+01426 Europe/Prague +DE +5230+01322 Europe/Berlin most locations +DE +4742+00841 Europe/Busingen Busingen +DJ +1136+04309 Africa/Djibouti +DK +5540+01235 Europe/Copenhagen +DM +1518-06124 America/Dominica +DO +1828-06954 America/Santo_Domingo +DZ +3647+00303 Africa/Algiers +EC -0210-07950 America/Guayaquil mainland +EC -0054-08936 Pacific/Galapagos Galapagos Islands +EE +5925+02445 Europe/Tallinn +EG +3003+03115 Africa/Cairo +EH +2709-01312 Africa/El_Aaiun +ER +1520+03853 Africa/Asmara +ES +4024-00341 Europe/Madrid mainland +ES +3553-00519 Africa/Ceuta Ceuta & Melilla +ES +2806-01524 Atlantic/Canary Canary Islands +ET +0902+03842 Africa/Addis_Ababa +FI +6010+02458 Europe/Helsinki +FJ -1808+17825 Pacific/Fiji +FK -5142-05751 Atlantic/Stanley +FM +0725+15147 Pacific/Chuuk Chuuk (Truk) and Yap +FM +0658+15813 Pacific/Pohnpei Pohnpei (Ponape) +FM +0519+16259 Pacific/Kosrae Kosrae +FO +6201-00646 Atlantic/Faroe +FR +4852+00220 Europe/Paris +GA +0023+00927 Africa/Libreville +GB +513030-0000731 Europe/London +GD +1203-06145 America/Grenada +GE +4143+04449 Asia/Tbilisi +GF +0456-05220 America/Cayenne +GG +4927-00232 Europe/Guernsey +GH +0533-00013 Africa/Accra +GI +3608-00521 Europe/Gibraltar +GL +6411-05144 America/Godthab most locations +GL +7646-01840 America/Danmarkshavn east coast, north of Scoresbysund +GL +7029-02158 America/Scoresbysund Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit +GL +7634-06847 America/Thule Thule / Pituffik +GM +1328-01639 Africa/Banjul +GN +0931-01343 Africa/Conakry +GP +1614-06132 America/Guadeloupe +GQ +0345+00847 Africa/Malabo +GR +3758+02343 Europe/Athens +GS -5416-03632 Atlantic/South_Georgia +GT +1438-09031 America/Guatemala +GU +1328+14445 Pacific/Guam +GW +1151-01535 Africa/Bissau +GY +0648-05810 America/Guyana +HK +2217+11409 Asia/Hong_Kong +HN +1406-08713 America/Tegucigalpa +HR +4548+01558 Europe/Zagreb +HT +1832-07220 America/Port-au-Prince +HU +4730+01905 Europe/Budapest +ID -0610+10648 Asia/Jakarta Java & Sumatra +ID -0002+10920 Asia/Pontianak west & central Borneo +ID -0507+11924 Asia/Makassar east & south Borneo, Sulawesi (Celebes), Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor +ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura west New Guinea (Irian Jaya) & Malukus (Moluccas) +IE +5320-00615 Europe/Dublin +IL +314650+0351326 Asia/Jerusalem +IM +5409-00428 Europe/Isle_of_Man +IN +2232+08822 Asia/Kolkata +IO -0720+07225 Indian/Chagos +IQ +3321+04425 Asia/Baghdad +IR +3540+05126 Asia/Tehran +IS +6409-02151 Atlantic/Reykjavik +IT +4154+01229 Europe/Rome +JE +4912-00207 Europe/Jersey +JM +175805-0764736 America/Jamaica +JO +3157+03556 Asia/Amman +JP +353916+1394441 Asia/Tokyo +KE -0117+03649 Africa/Nairobi +KG +4254+07436 Asia/Bishkek +KH +1133+10455 Asia/Phnom_Penh +KI +0125+17300 Pacific/Tarawa Gilbert Islands +KI -0308-17105 Pacific/Enderbury Phoenix Islands +KI +0152-15720 Pacific/Kiritimati Line Islands +KM -1141+04316 Indian/Comoro +KN +1718-06243 America/St_Kitts +KP +3901+12545 Asia/Pyongyang +KR +3733+12658 Asia/Seoul +KW +2920+04759 Asia/Kuwait +KY +1918-08123 America/Cayman +KZ +4315+07657 Asia/Almaty most locations +KZ +4448+06528 Asia/Qyzylorda Qyzylorda (Kyzylorda, Kzyl-Orda) +KZ +5017+05710 Asia/Aqtobe Aqtobe (Aktobe) +KZ +4431+05016 Asia/Aqtau Atyrau (Atirau, Gur'yev), Mangghystau (Mankistau) +KZ +5113+05121 Asia/Oral West Kazakhstan +LA +1758+10236 Asia/Vientiane +LB +3353+03530 Asia/Beirut +LC +1401-06100 America/St_Lucia +LI +4709+00931 Europe/Vaduz +LK +0656+07951 Asia/Colombo +LR +0618-01047 Africa/Monrovia +LS -2928+02730 Africa/Maseru +LT +5441+02519 Europe/Vilnius +LU +4936+00609 Europe/Luxembourg +LV +5657+02406 Europe/Riga +LY +3254+01311 Africa/Tripoli +MA +3339-00735 Africa/Casablanca +MC +4342+00723 Europe/Monaco +MD +4700+02850 Europe/Chisinau +ME +4226+01916 Europe/Podgorica +MF +1804-06305 America/Marigot +MG -1855+04731 Indian/Antananarivo +MH +0709+17112 Pacific/Majuro most locations +MH +0905+16720 Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein +MK +4159+02126 Europe/Skopje +ML +1239-00800 Africa/Bamako +MM +1647+09610 Asia/Rangoon +MN +4755+10653 Asia/Ulaanbaatar most locations +MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Olgiy, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan +MN +4804+11430 Asia/Choibalsan Dornod, Sukhbaatar +MO +2214+11335 Asia/Macau +MP +1512+14545 Pacific/Saipan +MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique +MR +1806-01557 Africa/Nouakchott +MS +1643-06213 America/Montserrat +MT +3554+01431 Europe/Malta +MU -2010+05730 Indian/Mauritius +MV +0410+07330 Indian/Maldives +MW -1547+03500 Africa/Blantyre +MX +1924-09909 America/Mexico_City Central Time - most locations +MX +2105-08646 America/Cancun Central Time - Quintana Roo +MX +2058-08937 America/Merida Central Time - Campeche, Yucatan +MX +2540-10019 America/Monterrey Mexican Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas away from US border +MX +2550-09730 America/Matamoros US Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas near US border +MX +2313-10625 America/Mazatlan Mountain Time - S Baja, Nayarit, Sinaloa +MX +2838-10605 America/Chihuahua Mexican Mountain Time - Chihuahua away from US border +MX +2934-10425 America/Ojinaga US Mountain Time - Chihuahua near US border +MX +2904-11058 America/Hermosillo Mountain Standard Time - Sonora +MX +3232-11701 America/Tijuana US Pacific Time - Baja California near US border +MX +3018-11452 America/Santa_Isabel Mexican Pacific Time - Baja California away from US border +MX +2048-10515 America/Bahia_Banderas Mexican Central Time - Bahia de Banderas +MY +0310+10142 Asia/Kuala_Lumpur peninsular Malaysia +MY +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching Sabah & Sarawak +MZ -2558+03235 Africa/Maputo +NA -2234+01706 Africa/Windhoek +NC -2216+16627 Pacific/Noumea +NE +1331+00207 Africa/Niamey +NF -2903+16758 Pacific/Norfolk +NG +0627+00324 Africa/Lagos +NI +1209-08617 America/Managua +NL +5222+00454 Europe/Amsterdam +NO +5955+01045 Europe/Oslo +NP +2743+08519 Asia/Kathmandu +NR -0031+16655 Pacific/Nauru +NU -1901-16955 Pacific/Niue +NZ -3652+17446 Pacific/Auckland most locations +NZ -4357-17633 Pacific/Chatham Chatham Islands +OM +2336+05835 Asia/Muscat +PA +0858-07932 America/Panama +PE -1203-07703 America/Lima +PF -1732-14934 Pacific/Tahiti Society Islands +PF -0900-13930 Pacific/Marquesas Marquesas Islands +PF -2308-13457 Pacific/Gambier Gambier Islands +PG -0930+14710 Pacific/Port_Moresby +PH +1435+12100 Asia/Manila +PK +2452+06703 Asia/Karachi +PL +5215+02100 Europe/Warsaw +PM +4703-05620 America/Miquelon +PN -2504-13005 Pacific/Pitcairn +PR +182806-0660622 America/Puerto_Rico +PS +3130+03428 Asia/Gaza Gaza Strip +PS +313200+0350542 Asia/Hebron West Bank +PT +3843-00908 Europe/Lisbon mainland +PT +3238-01654 Atlantic/Madeira Madeira Islands +PT +3744-02540 Atlantic/Azores Azores +PW +0720+13429 Pacific/Palau +PY -2516-05740 America/Asuncion +QA +2517+05132 Asia/Qatar +RE -2052+05528 Indian/Reunion +RO +4426+02606 Europe/Bucharest +RS +4450+02030 Europe/Belgrade +RU +5443+02030 Europe/Kaliningrad Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad +RU +554521+0373704 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia +RU +4457+03406 Europe/Simferopol Moscow+00 - Crimea +RU +4844+04425 Europe/Volgograd Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea +RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+00 (Moscow+01 after 2014-10-26) - Samara, Udmurtia +RU +5651+06036 Asia/Yekaterinburg Moscow+02 - Urals +RU +5500+07324 Asia/Omsk Moscow+03 - west Siberia +RU +5502+08255 Asia/Novosibirsk Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk +RU +5345+08707 Asia/Novokuznetsk Moscow+03 (Moscow+04 after 2014-10-26) - Kemerovo +RU +5601+09250 Asia/Krasnoyarsk Moscow+04 - Yenisei River +RU +5216+10420 Asia/Irkutsk Moscow+05 - Lake Baikal +RU +5203+11328 Asia/Chita Moscow+06 (Moscow+05 after 2014-10-26) - Zabaykalsky +RU +6200+12940 Asia/Yakutsk Moscow+06 - Lena River +RU +623923+1353314 Asia/Khandyga Moscow+06 - Tomponsky, Ust-Maysky +RU +4310+13156 Asia/Vladivostok Moscow+07 - Amur River +RU +4658+14242 Asia/Sakhalin Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island +RU +643337+1431336 Asia/Ust-Nera Moscow+07 - Oymyakonsky +RU +5934+15048 Asia/Magadan Moscow+08 (Moscow+07 after 2014-10-26) - Magadan +RU +6728+15343 Asia/Srednekolymsk Moscow+08 - E Sakha, N Kuril Is +RU +5301+15839 Asia/Kamchatka Moscow+08 (Moscow+09 after 2014-10-26) - Kamchatka +RU +6445+17729 Asia/Anadyr Moscow+08 (Moscow+09 after 2014-10-26) - Bering Sea +RW -0157+03004 Africa/Kigali +SA +2438+04643 Asia/Riyadh +SB -0932+16012 Pacific/Guadalcanal +SC -0440+05528 Indian/Mahe +SD +1536+03232 Africa/Khartoum +SE +5920+01803 Europe/Stockholm +SG +0117+10351 Asia/Singapore +SH -1555-00542 Atlantic/St_Helena +SI +4603+01431 Europe/Ljubljana +SJ +7800+01600 Arctic/Longyearbyen +SK +4809+01707 Europe/Bratislava +SL +0830-01315 Africa/Freetown +SM +4355+01228 Europe/San_Marino +SN +1440-01726 Africa/Dakar +SO +0204+04522 Africa/Mogadishu +SR +0550-05510 America/Paramaribo +SS +0451+03136 Africa/Juba +ST +0020+00644 Africa/Sao_Tome +SV +1342-08912 America/El_Salvador +SX +180305-0630250 America/Lower_Princes +SY +3330+03618 Asia/Damascus +SZ -2618+03106 Africa/Mbabane +TC +2128-07108 America/Grand_Turk +TD +1207+01503 Africa/Ndjamena +TF -492110+0701303 Indian/Kerguelen +TG +0608+00113 Africa/Lome +TH +1345+10031 Asia/Bangkok +TJ +3835+06848 Asia/Dushanbe +TK -0922-17114 Pacific/Fakaofo +TL -0833+12535 Asia/Dili +TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat +TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis +TO -2110-17510 Pacific/Tongatapu +TR +4101+02858 Europe/Istanbul +TT +1039-06131 America/Port_of_Spain +TV -0831+17913 Pacific/Funafuti +TW +2503+12130 Asia/Taipei +TZ -0648+03917 Africa/Dar_es_Salaam +UA +5026+03031 Europe/Kiev most locations +UA +4837+02218 Europe/Uzhgorod Ruthenia +UA +4750+03510 Europe/Zaporozhye Zaporozh'ye, E Lugansk / Zaporizhia, E Luhansk +UG +0019+03225 Africa/Kampala +UM +1645-16931 Pacific/Johnston Johnston Atoll +UM +2813-17722 Pacific/Midway Midway Islands +UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island +US +404251-0740023 America/New_York Eastern Time +US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations +US +381515-0854534 America/Kentucky/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area +US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County +US +394606-0860929 America/Indiana/Indianapolis Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations +US +384038-0873143 America/Indiana/Vincennes Eastern Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox & Martin Counties +US +410305-0863611 America/Indiana/Winamac Eastern Time - Indiana - Pulaski County +US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County +US +382931-0871643 America/Indiana/Petersburg Eastern Time - Indiana - Pike County +US +384452-0850402 America/Indiana/Vevay Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County +US +415100-0873900 America/Chicago Central Time +US +375711-0864541 America/Indiana/Tell_City Central Time - Indiana - Perry County +US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Central Time - Indiana - Starke County +US +450628-0873651 America/Menominee Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties +US +470659-1011757 America/North_Dakota/Center Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County +US +465042-1012439 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area) +US +471551-1014640 America/North_Dakota/Beulah Central Time - North Dakota - Mercer County +US +394421-1045903 America/Denver Mountain Time +US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon +US +332654-1120424 America/Phoenix Mountain Standard Time - Arizona (except Navajo) +US +340308-1181434 America/Los_Angeles Pacific Time +US +550737-1313435 America/Metlakatla Pacific Standard Time - Annette Island, Alaska +US +611305-1495401 America/Anchorage Alaska Time +US +581807-1342511 America/Juneau Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle +US +571035-1351807 America/Sitka Alaska Time - southeast Alaska panhandle +US +593249-1394338 America/Yakutat Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle neck +US +643004-1652423 America/Nome Alaska Time - west Alaska +US +515248-1763929 America/Adak Aleutian Islands +US +211825-1575130 Pacific/Honolulu Hawaii +UY -3453-05611 America/Montevideo +UZ +3940+06648 Asia/Samarkand west Uzbekistan +UZ +4120+06918 Asia/Tashkent east Uzbekistan +VA +415408+0122711 Europe/Vatican +VC +1309-06114 America/St_Vincent +VE +1030-06656 America/Caracas +VG +1827-06437 America/Tortola +VI +1821-06456 America/St_Thomas +VN +1045+10640 Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh +VU -1740+16825 Pacific/Efate +WF -1318-17610 Pacific/Wallis +WS -1350-17144 Pacific/Apia +YE +1245+04512 Asia/Aden +YT -1247+04514 Indian/Mayotte +ZA -2615+02800 Africa/Johannesburg +ZM -1525+02817 Africa/Lusaka +ZW -1750+03103 Africa/Harare diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/zone1970.tab b/contrib/tzdata/zone1970.tab new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5f584c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/tzdata/zone1970.tab @@ -0,0 +1,370 @@ +# tz zone descriptions +# +# This file is in the public domain. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31): +# This file contains a table where each row stands for a zone where +# civil time stamps have agreed since 1970. Columns are separated by +# a single tab. Lines beginning with '#' are comments. All text uses +# UTF-8 encoding. The columns of the table are as follows: +# +# 1. The countries that overlap the zone, as a comma-separated list +# of ISO 3166 2-character country codes. +# See the file '/usr/share/misc/iso3166'. +# 2. Latitude and longitude of the zone's principal location +# in ISO 6709 sign-degrees-minutes-seconds format, +# either +-DDMM+-DDDMM or +-DDMMSS+-DDDMMSS, +# first latitude (+ is north), then longitude (+ is east). +# 3. Zone name used in value of TZ environment variable. +# Please see the 'Theory' file for how zone names are chosen. +# If multiple zones overlap a country, each has a row in the +# table, with each column 1 containing the country code. +# 4. Comments; present if and only if a country has multiple zones. +# +# If a zone covers multiple countries, the most-populous city is used, +# and that country is listed first in column 1; any other countries +# are listed alphabetically by country code. The table is sorted +# first by country code, then (if possible) by an order within the +# country that (1) makes some geographical sense, and (2) puts the +# most populous zones first, where that does not contradict (1). +# +# This table is intended as an aid for users, to help them select time +# zone data appropriate for their practical needs. It is not intended +# to take or endorse any position on legal or territorial claims. +# +#country- +#codes coordinates TZ comments +AD +4230+00131 Europe/Andorra +AE,OM +2518+05518 Asia/Dubai +AF +3431+06912 Asia/Kabul +AL +4120+01950 Europe/Tirane +AM +4011+04430 Asia/Yerevan +AQ -6734-06808 Antarctica/Rothera Rothera Station, Adelaide Island +AQ -6448-06406 Antarctica/Palmer Palmer Station, Anvers Island +AQ -6736+06253 Antarctica/Mawson Mawson Station, Holme Bay +AQ -6835+07758 Antarctica/Davis Davis Station, Vestfold Hills +AQ -6617+11031 Antarctica/Casey Casey Station, Bailey Peninsula +AQ -7824+10654 Antarctica/Vostok Vostok Station, Lake Vostok +AQ -6640+14001 Antarctica/DumontDUrville Dumont-d'Urville Station, Terre Adelie +AQ -690022+0393524 Antarctica/Syowa Syowa Station, E Ongul I +AQ -720041+0023206 Antarctica/Troll Troll Station, Queen Maud Land +AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF) +AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba most locations (CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF) +AR -2447-06525 America/Argentina/Salta (SA, LP, NQ, RN) +AR -2411-06518 America/Argentina/Jujuy Jujuy (JY) +AR -2649-06513 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucumán (TM) +AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH) +AR -2926-06651 America/Argentina/La_Rioja La Rioja (LR) +AR -3132-06831 America/Argentina/San_Juan San Juan (SJ) +AR -3253-06849 America/Argentina/Mendoza Mendoza (MZ) +AR -3319-06621 America/Argentina/San_Luis San Luis (SL) +AR -5138-06913 America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos Santa Cruz (SC) +AR -5448-06818 America/Argentina/Ushuaia Tierra del Fuego (TF) +AS,UM -1416-17042 Pacific/Pago_Pago Samoa, Midway +AT +4813+01620 Europe/Vienna +AU -3133+15905 Australia/Lord_Howe Lord Howe Island +AU -5430+15857 Antarctica/Macquarie Macquarie Island +AU -4253+14719 Australia/Hobart Tasmania - most locations +AU -3956+14352 Australia/Currie Tasmania - King Island +AU -3749+14458 Australia/Melbourne Victoria +AU -3352+15113 Australia/Sydney New South Wales - most locations +AU -3157+14127 Australia/Broken_Hill New South Wales - Yancowinna +AU -2728+15302 Australia/Brisbane Queensland - most locations +AU -2016+14900 Australia/Lindeman Queensland - Holiday Islands +AU -3455+13835 Australia/Adelaide South Australia +AU -1228+13050 Australia/Darwin Northern Territory +AU -3157+11551 Australia/Perth Western Australia - most locations +AU -3143+12852 Australia/Eucla Western Australia - Eucla area +AZ +4023+04951 Asia/Baku +BB +1306-05937 America/Barbados +BD +2343+09025 Asia/Dhaka +BE +5050+00420 Europe/Brussels +BG +4241+02319 Europe/Sofia +BM +3217-06446 Atlantic/Bermuda +BN +0456+11455 Asia/Brunei +BO -1630-06809 America/La_Paz +BR -0351-03225 America/Noronha Atlantic islands +BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Amapá, E Pará +BR -0343-03830 America/Fortaleza NE Brazil (MA, PI, CE, RN, PB) +BR -0803-03454 America/Recife Pernambuco +BR -0712-04812 America/Araguaina Tocantins +BR -0940-03543 America/Maceio Alagoas, Sergipe +BR -1259-03831 America/Bahia Bahia +BR -2332-04637 America/Sao_Paulo S & SE Brazil (GO, DF, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS) +BR -2027-05437 America/Campo_Grande Mato Grosso do Sul +BR -1535-05605 America/Cuiaba Mato Grosso +BR -0226-05452 America/Santarem W Pará +BR -0846-06354 America/Porto_Velho Rondônia +BR +0249-06040 America/Boa_Vista Roraima +BR -0308-06001 America/Manaus E Amazonas +BR -0640-06952 America/Eirunepe W Amazonas +BR -0958-06748 America/Rio_Branco Acre +BS +2505-07721 America/Nassau +BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu +BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk +BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize +CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland Time, including SE Labrador +CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), PEI +CA +4612-05957 America/Glace_Bay Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did not observe DST 1966-1971 +CA +4606-06447 America/Moncton Atlantic Time - New Brunswick +CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations +CA +5125-05707 America/Blanc-Sablon Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore +CA +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - most locations +CA +4901-08816 America/Nipigon Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973 +CA +4823-08915 America/Thunder_Bay Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario +CA +6344-06828 America/Iqaluit Eastern Time - east Nunavut - most locations +CA +6608-06544 America/Pangnirtung Eastern Time - Pangnirtung, Nunavut +CA +744144-0944945 America/Resolute Central Time - Resolute, Nunavut +CA +484531-0913718 America/Atikokan Eastern Standard Time - Atikokan, Ontario and Southampton I, Nunavut +CA +624900-0920459 America/Rankin_Inlet Central Time - central Nunavut +CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central Time - Manitoba & west Ontario +CA +4843-09434 America/Rainy_River Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario +CA +5024-10439 America/Regina Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - most locations +CA +5017-10750 America/Swift_Current Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - midwest +CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain Time - Alberta, east British Columbia & west Saskatchewan +CA +690650-1050310 America/Cambridge_Bay Mountain Time - west Nunavut +CA +6227-11421 America/Yellowknife Mountain Time - central Northwest Territories +CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories +CA +4906-11631 America/Creston Mountain Standard Time - Creston, British Columbia +CA +5946-12014 America/Dawson_Creek Mountain Standard Time - Dawson Creek & Fort Saint John, British Columbia +CA +4916-12307 America/Vancouver Pacific Time - west British Columbia +CA +6043-13503 America/Whitehorse Pacific Time - south Yukon +CA +6404-13925 America/Dawson Pacific Time - north Yukon +CC -1210+09655 Indian/Cocos +CH,DE,LI +4723+00832 Europe/Zurich Swiss time +CI,BF,GM,GN,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,ST,TG +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan +CK -2114-15946 Pacific/Rarotonga +CL -3327-07040 America/Santiago most locations +CL -2709-10926 Pacific/Easter Easter Island +CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai Beijing Time +CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time +CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota +CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica +CU +2308-08222 America/Havana +CV +1455-02331 Atlantic/Cape_Verde +CW,AW,BQ,SX +1211-06900 America/Curacao +CX -1025+10543 Indian/Christmas +CY +3510+03322 Asia/Nicosia +CZ,SK +5005+01426 Europe/Prague +DE +5230+01322 Europe/Berlin Berlin time +DK +5540+01235 Europe/Copenhagen +DO +1828-06954 America/Santo_Domingo +DZ +3647+00303 Africa/Algiers +EC -0210-07950 America/Guayaquil mainland +EC -0054-08936 Pacific/Galapagos Galápagos Islands +EE +5925+02445 Europe/Tallinn +EG +3003+03115 Africa/Cairo +EH +2709-01312 Africa/El_Aaiun +ES +4024-00341 Europe/Madrid mainland +ES +3553-00519 Africa/Ceuta Ceuta & Melilla +ES +2806-01524 Atlantic/Canary Canary Islands +FI,AX +6010+02458 Europe/Helsinki +FJ -1808+17825 Pacific/Fiji +FK -5142-05751 Atlantic/Stanley +FM +0725+15147 Pacific/Chuuk Chuuk (Truk) and Yap +FM +0658+15813 Pacific/Pohnpei Pohnpei (Ponape) +FM +0519+16259 Pacific/Kosrae Kosrae +FO +6201-00646 Atlantic/Faroe +FR +4852+00220 Europe/Paris +GB,GG,IM,JE +513030-0000731 Europe/London +GE +4143+04449 Asia/Tbilisi +GF +0456-05220 America/Cayenne +GH +0533-00013 Africa/Accra +GI +3608-00521 Europe/Gibraltar +GL +6411-05144 America/Godthab most locations +GL +7646-01840 America/Danmarkshavn east coast, north of Scoresbysund +GL +7029-02158 America/Scoresbysund Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit +GL +7634-06847 America/Thule Thule / Pituffik +GR +3758+02343 Europe/Athens +GS -5416-03632 Atlantic/South_Georgia +GT +1438-09031 America/Guatemala +GU,MP +1328+14445 Pacific/Guam +GW +1151-01535 Africa/Bissau +GY +0648-05810 America/Guyana +HK +2217+11409 Asia/Hong_Kong +HN +1406-08713 America/Tegucigalpa +HT +1832-07220 America/Port-au-Prince +HU +4730+01905 Europe/Budapest +ID -0610+10648 Asia/Jakarta Java & Sumatra +ID -0002+10920 Asia/Pontianak west & central Borneo +ID -0507+11924 Asia/Makassar east & south Borneo, Sulawesi (Celebes), Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor +ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura west New Guinea (Irian Jaya) & Malukus (Moluccas) +IE +5320-00615 Europe/Dublin +IL +314650+0351326 Asia/Jerusalem +IN +2232+08822 Asia/Kolkata +IO -0720+07225 Indian/Chagos +IQ +3321+04425 Asia/Baghdad +IR +3540+05126 Asia/Tehran +IS +6409-02151 Atlantic/Reykjavik +IT,SM,VA +4154+01229 Europe/Rome +JM +175805-0764736 America/Jamaica +JO +3157+03556 Asia/Amman +JP +353916+1394441 Asia/Tokyo +KE,DJ,ER,ET,KM,MG,SO,TZ,UG,YT -0117+03649 Africa/Nairobi +KG +4254+07436 Asia/Bishkek +KI +0125+17300 Pacific/Tarawa Gilbert Islands +KI -0308-17105 Pacific/Enderbury Phoenix Islands +KI +0152-15720 Pacific/Kiritimati Line Islands +KP +3901+12545 Asia/Pyongyang +KR +3733+12658 Asia/Seoul +KZ +4315+07657 Asia/Almaty most locations +KZ +4448+06528 Asia/Qyzylorda Qyzylorda (Kyzylorda, Kzyl-Orda) +KZ +5017+05710 Asia/Aqtobe Aqtobe (Aktobe) +KZ +4431+05016 Asia/Aqtau Atyrau (Atirau, Gur'yev), Mangghystau (Mankistau) +KZ +5113+05121 Asia/Oral West Kazakhstan +LB +3353+03530 Asia/Beirut +LK +0656+07951 Asia/Colombo +LR +0618-01047 Africa/Monrovia +LT +5441+02519 Europe/Vilnius +LU +4936+00609 Europe/Luxembourg +LV +5657+02406 Europe/Riga +LY +3254+01311 Africa/Tripoli +MA +3339-00735 Africa/Casablanca +MC +4342+00723 Europe/Monaco +MD +4700+02850 Europe/Chisinau +MH +0709+17112 Pacific/Majuro most locations +MH +0905+16720 Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein +MM +1647+09610 Asia/Rangoon +MN +4755+10653 Asia/Ulaanbaatar most locations +MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Ölgii, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan +MN +4804+11430 Asia/Choibalsan Dornod, Sükhbaatar +MO +2214+11335 Asia/Macau +MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique +MT +3554+01431 Europe/Malta +MU -2010+05730 Indian/Mauritius +MV +0410+07330 Indian/Maldives +MX +1924-09909 America/Mexico_City Central Time - most locations +MX +2105-08646 America/Cancun Central Time - Quintana Roo +MX +2058-08937 America/Merida Central Time - Campeche, Yucatán +MX +2540-10019 America/Monterrey Mexican Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas away from US border +MX +2550-09730 America/Matamoros US Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas near US border +MX +2313-10625 America/Mazatlan Mountain Time - S Baja, Nayarit, Sinaloa +MX +2838-10605 America/Chihuahua Mexican Mountain Time - Chihuahua away from US border +MX +2934-10425 America/Ojinaga US Mountain Time - Chihuahua near US border +MX +2904-11058 America/Hermosillo Mountain Standard Time - Sonora +MX +3232-11701 America/Tijuana US Pacific Time - Baja California near US border +MX +3018-11452 America/Santa_Isabel Mexican Pacific Time - Baja California away from US border +MX +2048-10515 America/Bahia_Banderas Mexican Central Time - Bahía de Banderas +MY +0310+10142 Asia/Kuala_Lumpur peninsular Malaysia +MY +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching Sabah & Sarawak +MZ,BI,BW,CD,MW,RW,ZM,ZW -2558+03235 Africa/Maputo Central Africa Time (UTC+2) +NA -2234+01706 Africa/Windhoek +NC -2216+16627 Pacific/Noumea +NF -2903+16758 Pacific/Norfolk +NG,AO,BJ,CD,CF,CG,CM,GA,GQ,NE +0627+00324 Africa/Lagos West Africa Time (UTC+1) +NI +1209-08617 America/Managua +NL +5222+00454 Europe/Amsterdam +NO,SJ +5955+01045 Europe/Oslo +NP +2743+08519 Asia/Kathmandu +NR -0031+16655 Pacific/Nauru +NU -1901-16955 Pacific/Niue +NZ,AQ -3652+17446 Pacific/Auckland New Zealand time +NZ -4357-17633 Pacific/Chatham Chatham Islands +PA,KY +0858-07932 America/Panama +PE -1203-07703 America/Lima +PF -1732-14934 Pacific/Tahiti Society Islands +PF -0900-13930 Pacific/Marquesas Marquesas Islands +PF -2308-13457 Pacific/Gambier Gambier Islands +PG -0930+14710 Pacific/Port_Moresby +PH +1435+12100 Asia/Manila +PK +2452+06703 Asia/Karachi +PL +5215+02100 Europe/Warsaw +PM +4703-05620 America/Miquelon +PN -2504-13005 Pacific/Pitcairn +PR +182806-0660622 America/Puerto_Rico +PS +3130+03428 Asia/Gaza Gaza Strip +PS +313200+0350542 Asia/Hebron West Bank +PT +3843-00908 Europe/Lisbon mainland +PT +3238-01654 Atlantic/Madeira Madeira Islands +PT +3744-02540 Atlantic/Azores Azores +PW +0720+13429 Pacific/Palau +PY -2516-05740 America/Asuncion +QA,BH +2517+05132 Asia/Qatar +RE,TF -2052+05528 Indian/Reunion Réunion, Crozet Is, Scattered Is +RO +4426+02606 Europe/Bucharest +RS,BA,HR,ME,MK,SI +4450+02030 Europe/Belgrade +RU +5443+02030 Europe/Kaliningrad Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad +RU +554521+0373704 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia +RU +4457+03406 Europe/Simferopol Moscow+00 - Crimea +RU +4844+04425 Europe/Volgograd Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea +RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+00 (Moscow+01 after 2014-10-26) - Samara, Udmurtia +RU +5651+06036 Asia/Yekaterinburg Moscow+02 - Urals +RU +5500+07324 Asia/Omsk Moscow+03 - west Siberia +RU +5502+08255 Asia/Novosibirsk Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk +RU +5345+08707 Asia/Novokuznetsk Moscow+03 (Moscow+04 after 2014-10-26) - Kemerovo +RU +5601+09250 Asia/Krasnoyarsk Moscow+04 - Yenisei River +RU +5216+10420 Asia/Irkutsk Moscow+05 - Lake Baikal +RU +5203+11328 Asia/Chita Moscow+06 (Moscow+05 after 2014-10-26) - Zabaykalsky +RU +6200+12940 Asia/Yakutsk Moscow+06 - Lena River +RU +623923+1353314 Asia/Khandyga Moscow+06 - Tomponsky, Ust-Maysky +RU +4310+13156 Asia/Vladivostok Moscow+07 - Amur River +RU +4658+14242 Asia/Sakhalin Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island +RU +643337+1431336 Asia/Ust-Nera Moscow+07 - Oymyakonsky +RU +5934+15048 Asia/Magadan Moscow+08 (Moscow+07 after 2014-10-26) - Magadan +RU +6728+15343 Asia/Srednekolymsk Moscow+08 - E Sakha, N Kuril Is +RU +5301+15839 Asia/Kamchatka Moscow+08 (Moscow+09 after 2014-10-26) - Kamchatka +RU +6445+17729 Asia/Anadyr Moscow+08 (Moscow+09 after 2014-10-26) - Bering Sea +SA,KW,YE +2438+04643 Asia/Riyadh +SB -0932+16012 Pacific/Guadalcanal +SC -0440+05528 Indian/Mahe +SD,SS +1536+03232 Africa/Khartoum +SE +5920+01803 Europe/Stockholm +SG +0117+10351 Asia/Singapore +SR +0550-05510 America/Paramaribo +SV +1342-08912 America/El_Salvador +SY +3330+03618 Asia/Damascus +TC +2128-07108 America/Grand_Turk +TD +1207+01503 Africa/Ndjamena +TF -492110+0701303 Indian/Kerguelen Kerguelen, St Paul I, Amsterdam I +TH,KH,LA,VN +1345+10031 Asia/Bangkok +TJ +3835+06848 Asia/Dushanbe +TK -0922-17114 Pacific/Fakaofo +TL -0833+12535 Asia/Dili +TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat +TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis +TO -2110-17510 Pacific/Tongatapu +TR +4101+02858 Europe/Istanbul +TT,AG,AI,BL,DM,GD,GP,MF,LC,KN,MS,VC,VG,VI +1039-06131 America/Port_of_Spain +TV -0831+17913 Pacific/Funafuti +TW +2503+12130 Asia/Taipei +UA +5026+03031 Europe/Kiev most locations +UA +4837+02218 Europe/Uzhgorod Ruthenia +UA +4750+03510 Europe/Zaporozhye Zaporozh'ye, E Lugansk / Zaporizhia, E Luhansk +UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island +US +404251-0740023 America/New_York Eastern Time +US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations +US +381515-0854534 America/Kentucky/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area +US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County +US +394606-0860929 America/Indiana/Indianapolis Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations +US +384038-0873143 America/Indiana/Vincennes Eastern Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox & Martin Counties +US +410305-0863611 America/Indiana/Winamac Eastern Time - Indiana - Pulaski County +US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County +US +382931-0871643 America/Indiana/Petersburg Eastern Time - Indiana - Pike County +US +384452-0850402 America/Indiana/Vevay Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County +US +415100-0873900 America/Chicago Central Time +US +375711-0864541 America/Indiana/Tell_City Central Time - Indiana - Perry County +US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Central Time - Indiana - Starke County +US +450628-0873651 America/Menominee Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties +US +470659-1011757 America/North_Dakota/Center Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County +US +465042-1012439 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area) +US +471551-1014640 America/North_Dakota/Beulah Central Time - North Dakota - Mercer County +US +394421-1045903 America/Denver Mountain Time +US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon +US +332654-1120424 America/Phoenix Mountain Standard Time - Arizona (except Navajo) +US +340308-1181434 America/Los_Angeles Pacific Time +US +550737-1313435 America/Metlakatla Pacific Standard Time - Annette Island, Alaska +US +611305-1495401 America/Anchorage Alaska Time +US +581807-1342511 America/Juneau Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle +US +571035-1351807 America/Sitka Alaska Time - southeast Alaska panhandle +US +593249-1394338 America/Yakutat Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle neck +US +643004-1652423 America/Nome Alaska Time - west Alaska +US +515248-1763929 America/Adak Aleutian Islands +US,UM +211825-1575130 Pacific/Honolulu Hawaii time +UY -3453-05611 America/Montevideo +UZ +3940+06648 Asia/Samarkand west Uzbekistan +UZ +4120+06918 Asia/Tashkent east Uzbekistan +VE +1030-06656 America/Caracas +VU -1740+16825 Pacific/Efate +WF -1318-17610 Pacific/Wallis +WS -1350-17144 Pacific/Apia +ZA,LS,SZ -2615+02800 Africa/Johannesburg |
