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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/tzdata/europe')
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/europe | 930 |
1 files changed, 609 insertions, 321 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/europe b/contrib/tzdata/europe index 7ae96ff..3ab6b0f 100644 --- a/contrib/tzdata/europe +++ b/contrib/tzdata/europe @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -# <pre> # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. @@ -39,10 +38,10 @@ # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org. # -# Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH), -# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm"> +# Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), # History of Summer Time -# </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) +# <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm> +# (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) # # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; @@ -61,6 +60,7 @@ # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe +# 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' # # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's -# position is 51 deg. 28' 30" N, 0 deg. 18' 45" W. The longitude should +# position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. # # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] @@ -137,8 +137,22 @@ # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. -# From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27): -# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): +# The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time +# informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. +# Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the +# New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), +# whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value +# after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. +# In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society +# that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: +# Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. +# Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 +# http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html +# Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal +# did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. +# +# In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, @@ -151,7 +165,7 @@ # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, -# designed by G. W. Miller, is the...William Willett Memorial Sundial, +# designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, # which is permanently set to Summer Time. # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): @@ -160,9 +174,8 @@ # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the # foundations of civilization throughout the world. -# -- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm"> +# <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly -# </a> # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" @@ -171,7 +184,6 @@ # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): -# # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. @@ -217,22 +229,15 @@ # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating # and extending this list, which can be found in # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ -# <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> # History of legal time in Britain -# </a> -# Rob Crowther (2012-01-04) reports that that URL no longer -# exists, and the article can now be found at: -# <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ -# </a> # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): # # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; # see Lord Tanlaw's speech -# <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0"> -# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976) -# </a>. +# <http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0> +# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # @@ -272,8 +277,8 @@ # -- James Joyce, Ulysses # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): -# Irish laws are available online at www.irishstatutebook.ie. These include -# various relating to legal time, for example: +# Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>. +# These include various relating to legal time, for example: # # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html # @@ -472,10 +477,9 @@ Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: -# <a="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT"> # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. -# </a> +# <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT> # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S @@ -498,11 +502,11 @@ Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - -# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-07-13): +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): # # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was -# corrected in version 2008d). The circumstancial evidence is simply the +# corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the # tz database itself, as seen below: # # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 @@ -584,14 +588,10 @@ Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. # # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): -# <a href="http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583"> # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 -# </a> # # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): -# <a href="http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html"> # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html -# </a> # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered @@ -611,10 +611,10 @@ Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): # The official German names ... are # -# Mitteleuropaeische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 -# Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 +# Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 +# Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 # -# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ueber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), +# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution # @@ -708,18 +708,9 @@ Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). # # Sources (Russian language): -# 1. -# <a href="http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html"> # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html -# </a> -# 2. -# <a href="http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/"> # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ -# </a> -# 3. -# <a href="http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html"> # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html -# </a> # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time @@ -732,14 +723,14 @@ Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time + 3:00 - FET # Belgium # # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, -# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe annee, 1991 +# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), # pp 8-9. # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: @@ -805,8 +796,8 @@ Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 # # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: -# EET --> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... -# EETDST --> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October +# EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... +# EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S @@ -851,7 +842,7 @@ Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland -# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-04-26): +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL @@ -861,7 +852,7 @@ Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL # # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes -# in subsequenet decrees with the law +# in subsequent decrees with the law # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL # # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have @@ -876,7 +867,7 @@ Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 # was suspended on that night): # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL -# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-06-11): +# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. @@ -904,7 +895,7 @@ Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT -Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn +Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 0:00 EU WE%sT # @@ -916,11 +907,11 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU -# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab +# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. -# From Gwillin Law (2001-06-06), citing +# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing # <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: # @@ -955,16 +946,16 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # DPC research station at Zackenberg. # # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use -# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthab). +# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). # -# The rest of Greenland, including Godthab (this area, although it +# The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. # # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of -# this area is that it sticks with Godthab time. This area might be +# this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): @@ -973,8 +964,8 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; -# the 1995 map as like Godthab. -# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996. +# the 1995 map as like Godthåb. +# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. @@ -1019,17 +1010,16 @@ Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base # summer time next spring." # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: -# <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390"> # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law -# </a> +# <http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390> # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between -# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22--27, 120). +# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). # # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). -# From <a href="http://www.baltictimes.com/">The Baltic Times</a> (1999-09-09) +# From The Baltic Times <http://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09) # via Steffen Thorsen: # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... @@ -1047,7 +1037,7 @@ Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. # Now we are using again EU rules. # -# From Urmet Jaanes (2002-03-28): +# From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -1081,35 +1071,45 @@ Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in # Finnish) at -# -# <a href="http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf"> # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf -# </a> # # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. # # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: -# -# <a href="http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401"> # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 -# </a> # # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not # exist tonight." +# From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): +# [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] +# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf +# pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 +# say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, +# 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper +# mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... +# On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): +# Go with Oja over Shanks. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S +Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - + +# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); +# round to nearest. + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 - 1:39:52 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time +Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 + 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 2:00 EU EE%sT -# Aaland Is +# Åland Is Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn @@ -1117,14 +1117,14 @@ Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): # -# Henri Le Corre, Regimes Horaires pour le monde entier, Editions +# Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 # -# Gabriel, Traite de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Tredaniel editeur, +# Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, # Paris, 1991 # -# Francoise Gauquelin, Problemes de l'heure resolus en astrologie, -# Guy tredaniel, Paris 1987 +# Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, +# Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 # @@ -1165,16 +1165,16 @@ Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. -# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez, -# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La -# Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, +# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, +# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La +# Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, -# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois, +# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), -# who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes +# who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M @@ -1212,15 +1212,13 @@ Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] -# From Joerg Schilling (2002-10-23): +# From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by -# <a href="http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/"> -# General [Nikolai] Bersarin</a>. +# <http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/> +# General [Nikolai] Bersarin. # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): -# <a href="http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf"> # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf -# </a> # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. @@ -1251,13 +1249,13 @@ Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 EU CE%sT # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): -# Busingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton +# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # -# Source for the time in Busingen 1980: +# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): @@ -1313,15 +1311,20 @@ Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 2:00 EU EE%sT # Hungary +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): +# Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: +# Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. +# National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). +# http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html +# This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks +# & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S -Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 29 3:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S -Rule Hungary 1919 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 - -Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 3:00 1:00 S -Rule Hungary 1920 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S -Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 3 0:00 0 - +Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S @@ -1337,7 +1340,7 @@ Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 - 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 6 2:00 + 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT @@ -1415,9 +1418,8 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and # F. Pollastri -# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html"> # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) -# </a> +# <http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html> # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # @@ -1525,13 +1527,13 @@ Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in -# <a href="http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm"> # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of -# 29-Feb-2000 (#79)</a>, in Latvian for subscribers only). +# 29-Feb-2000 (#79) <http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm>, +# in Latvian for subscribers only). -# <a href="http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html"> -# From RFE/RL Newsline (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: -# </a> +# From RFE/RL Newsline +# <http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html> +# (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their @@ -1546,13 +1548,16 @@ Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - + +# Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 - 1:36:24 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time - 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer - 1:36:24 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 - 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 - 1:36:24 - RMT 1926 May 11 +Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 + 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time + 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer + 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 + 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 + 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 @@ -1591,7 +1596,7 @@ Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. -# From <a href="http://www.elta.lt/">ELTA</a> No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29), +# From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>, # via Steffen Thorsen: # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) # to be valid here starting from October 31, @@ -1600,9 +1605,9 @@ Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. -# From the <a href="http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm"> -# Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism -# </a> (2000-03-27): Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. +# From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism +# <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27): +# Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will @@ -1696,7 +1701,7 @@ Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. # But [two people] separately reported via -# Jesper Norgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. +# Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): @@ -1705,13 +1710,8 @@ Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta # to the Winter Time). # # News (in Russian): -# <a href="http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html"> # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html -# </a> -# -# <a href="http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html"> # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html -# </a> # # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) @@ -1729,9 +1729,7 @@ Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. # News from Moldova (in russian): -# <a href="http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html"> # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html -# </a> # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -1862,14 +1860,14 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From -# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html and -# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html). The law/regulation +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html> and +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html>). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From -# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html ) I have not been +# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html>) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) -# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by +# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere @@ -1884,7 +1882,7 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite -# frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a +# frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. @@ -1904,6 +1902,10 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen # Poland + +# The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), +# <http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/32156> pp 1-2. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S @@ -1914,9 +1916,9 @@ Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, -# Torun Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., +# Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., # <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> -# Thanks to Przemyslaw Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. +# Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. # He also gives these further references: # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> # Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> @@ -2053,8 +2055,8 @@ Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal # Romania # # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): -# <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html"> -# Nine O'clock</a> (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at +# Nine O'clock <http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html> +# (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, # the same year as Bulgaria. @@ -2078,25 +2080,21 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT + # Russia # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 # (Government document -# <a href="http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/"> # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ -# </a> # in Russian) # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm"> # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm -# </a> # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: -# <a href="http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966"> # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). @@ -2105,16 +2103,12 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # changed in September 2011: # # One source is -# < a href="http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/> # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ -# </a> # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. # # Another source is -# <a href="http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html"> # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html -# </a> # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: @@ -2122,28 +2116,45 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # does not contain any "effective date" information. # # Another source is -# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7"> # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 -# </a> # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. # # The Wikipedia article refers to -# <a href="http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896"> # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 -# </a> # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. # # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" -# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to get -# September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias Conradi notes). +# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to +# get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias +# Conradi notes). # # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. # # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): +# According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) +# http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 +# the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to +# winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new +# regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... +# http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 +# Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N +# 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding +# areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html +# +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): +# Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) +# http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 +# http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 +# http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 +# From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: +# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html + # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, @@ -2170,9 +2181,9 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): -# News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was +# News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with -# the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began +# the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. # # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): @@ -2183,52 +2194,166 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. -# + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist +# with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions +# are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative +# listing. The region codes listed come from +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 +# and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their +# future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level +# divisions where available. + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -# -# Kaliningradskaya oblast'. + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Kaliningrad covers... +# 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast + Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time -# -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', -# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast', -# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast', -# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya, -# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya, -# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya, -# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi, -# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast', -# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El, -# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast', -# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug, -# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast', -# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast', -# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, -# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast', -# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan, -# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast', -# Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast', -# Yaroslavskaya oblast' -Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 - 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time - 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 + 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 2:00 - EET + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Europe/Moscow covers... +# 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of +# 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of +# 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of +# 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic +# 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of +# 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic +# 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of +# 11 RU-KO Komi Republic +# 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic +# 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of +# 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of +# 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of +# 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic +# 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic +# 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai +# 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai +# 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast +# 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast +# 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast +# 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast +# 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast +# 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast +# 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast +# 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast +# 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast +# 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast +# 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast +# 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast +# 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast +# 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast +# 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast +# 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast +# 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast +# 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast +# 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast +# 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast +# 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast +# 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast +# 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast +# 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast +# 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast +# 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast +# 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast +# 77 RU-MOW Moscow +# 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg +# 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug + +# From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): +# LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow +# Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... +# LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. +# (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia +# since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia +# was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow +# was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory +# coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > +# 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = +# 2:31:19 ... +# +# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): +# Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in +# Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). +# Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in +# Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. + +Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 + 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time + 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 4:00 - MSK + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Simferopol covers... +# ** **** Crimea, Republic of +# ** **** Sevastopol + +Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 + 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T + 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 + 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 + 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 + 2:00 - EET 1992 +# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. # -# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast', -# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 -# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the -# others? But we have no data. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched +# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. +# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened +# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say +# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it +# changed in May. + 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May +# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. + 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s + 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s +# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. +# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 + 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u +# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): +# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 +# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html +# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): +# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks +# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial +# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Europe/Volgograd covers... +# 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast +# 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast +# 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast +# 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast + +# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. +# Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. + Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time @@ -2236,55 +2361,90 @@ Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s - 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 4:00 - VOLT -# -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika + 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 3:00 - MSK + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Europe/Samara covers... +# 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic +# 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast + Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev - 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s - 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s + 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - SAMT + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... +# 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of +# 90 RU-PER Perm Krai +# 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast +# 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast +# 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast +# 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast +# 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast +# 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra +# 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug # -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Respublika Bashkortostan, Komi-Permyatskij avtonomnyj okrug, -# Kurganskaya oblast', Orenburgskaya oblast', Permskaya oblast', -# Sverdlovskaya oblast', Tyumenskaya oblast', -# Khanty-Manskijskij avtonomnyj okrug, Chelyabinskaya oblast', -# Yamalo-Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug. -Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 +# Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. + +# Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. + +Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 6:00 - YEKT # Yekaterinburg Time -# -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Respublika Altaj, Altajskij kraj, Omskaya oblast'. + 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 5:00 - YEKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Omsk covers... +# 04 RU-AL Altai Republic +# 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai +# 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast + Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 - 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme + 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 7:00 - OMST -# + 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 6:00 - OMST + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Novosibirsk covers... +# 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast +# 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast + # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. -# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'. + Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 7:00 - NOVT + 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 6:00 - NOVT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... +# 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on @@ -2297,14 +2457,10 @@ Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) # # Russian Government web site (Russian language) -# <a href="http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archiv"> # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm -# </a> # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 -# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html"> # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html -# </a> # # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. @@ -2312,83 +2468,152 @@ Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus +# realigning itself with KRAT. + Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s - 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 7:00 - NOVT # Novosibirsk/Novokuznetsk Time + 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T + 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... +# 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic +# 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of +# 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai # -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Krasnoyarskij kraj, -# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, -# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug. +# Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr +# Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. + Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 8:00 - KRAT + 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 7:00 - KRAT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Irkutsk covers... +# 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of +# 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast # -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Respublika Buryatiya, Irkutskaya oblast', -# Ust'-Ordynskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug. -Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 - 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time +# Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was +# merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. + +# Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. + +Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 + 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 9:00 - IRKT -# -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] -# Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast', -# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'. + 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 8:00 - IRKT -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): -# ...some regions of [Russia] were merged with others since 2005... -# Some names were changed, no big deal, except for one instance: a new name. -# YAK/YAKST: UTC+9 Zabajkal'skij kraj. -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): -# The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij, -# Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj, -# Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij, -# Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij, -# Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij, -# Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij. +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Asia/Chita covers... +# 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai +# +# Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. + +Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 + 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 8:00 - IRKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Yakutsk covers... +# 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast +# +# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-02 **** Aldansky District +# 14-04 **** Amginsky District +# 14-05 **** Anabarsky District +# 14-06 **** Bulunsky District +# 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District +# 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District +# 14-11 **** Gorny District +# 14-12 **** Zhigansky District +# 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District +# 14-14 **** Lensky District +# 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District +# 14-16 **** Mirninsky District +# 14-18 **** Namsky District +# 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District +# 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District +# 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District +# 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District +# 14-26 **** Suntarsky District +# 14-27 **** Tattinsky District +# 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District +# 14-32 **** Khangalassky District +# 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District +# 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. +# Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. +# Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 10:00 - YAKT + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 9:00 - YAKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Vladivostok covers... +# 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai +# 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai +# 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast # -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] -# Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj, -# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). +# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District +# 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): -# The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij. -Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 +# Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. + +Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 11:00 - VLAT + 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - VLAT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-28 **** Tomponsky District +# 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time # in 2011. -# + # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. -# + Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s @@ -2396,37 +2621,115 @@ Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? - 10:00 - YAKT + 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 9:00 - YAKT -# -# Sakhalinskaya oblast'. -# The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Sakhalin covers... +# 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast +# ...with the exception of: +# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) + +# The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 - 9:00 - CJT 1938 + 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 11:00 - SAKT -# -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] -# Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). -# Probably also: Kuril Islands. + 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - SAKT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): +# Asia/Magadan covers... +# 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, +# several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of +# the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented +# until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will +# need their own zone. -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): -# The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Verkhhhnekolymskij, Momskij, -# Nizhnekolymskij, ... Srednekolymskij. Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s - 12:00 - MAGT + 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - MAGT + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-01 **** Abyysky District +# 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District +# 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District +# 14-17 **** Momsky District +# 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District +# 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District +# +# ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: +# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): +# Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with +# most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on +# 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District +# of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by +# Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): +# Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. +# There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone +# Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. +# +# Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these +# districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently +# lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females +# each! (Yikes!) +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 +# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 +# Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. +# +# Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have +# fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the +# 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most +# recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of +# http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf +# in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older +# settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. +# Go with Srednekolymsk. +# +# Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT +# as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. + +Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 + 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s + 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s + 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: +# 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): -# Ojmyakonskij and the Kuril Islands switched from +# Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. +# +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): +# It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, +# as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of +# Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on +# UTC+12 since at least then, too. + Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 @@ -2434,12 +2737,19 @@ Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? - 11:00 - VLAT + 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s + 10:00 - VLAT -# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug. + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): +# Asia/Kamchatka covers... +# 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai # -# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long. +# Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak +# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. + +# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps +# Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s @@ -2447,8 +2757,12 @@ Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - PETT -# -# Chukotskij avtonomnyj okrug + + +# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): +# Asia/Anadyr covers... +# 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug + Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s @@ -2458,6 +2772,7 @@ Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - ANAT + # San Marino # See Europe/Rome. @@ -2468,9 +2783,9 @@ Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s -# Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of +# Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. -# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj. +# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia @@ -2561,7 +2876,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: # -# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: +# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the @@ -2572,7 +2887,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... # # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk -# forfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning +# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west @@ -2580,7 +2895,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. # -# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk forfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states +# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". @@ -2590,7 +2905,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available # in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click -# the Sok-button). +# the Sök-button). # # (2001-05-13): # @@ -2615,7 +2930,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # From Howse: # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep -# mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 .... +# mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S @@ -2631,7 +2946,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # to be wrong. This is now verified. # # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal -# government, in 'Eidgen[o]ssische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss +# government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss # federal law collection)... # # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am @@ -2650,7 +2965,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such # a thing had happened in Switzerland. # -# I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traite de +# I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. @@ -2664,18 +2979,18 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of -# the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not +# the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. # # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): # The Federal regulations say # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html -# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50". +# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): -# the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893) +# the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) # <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one @@ -2687,14 +3002,14 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: # -# Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und +# Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. # # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the -# "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on +# "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph @@ -2716,7 +3031,7 @@ Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. -# ... The latest rules are available at - +# ... The latest rules are available at: # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that @@ -2741,8 +3056,7 @@ Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm -# From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): -# +# From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. @@ -2755,9 +3069,16 @@ Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. # Turkish Local election.... # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. -# From Paul Eggert (2014-02-17): -# Here is an English-language source: -# http://www.worldbulletin.net/turkey/129016/turkey-switches-to-daylight-saving-time-march-31 +# From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): +# Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, +# I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST +# change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. +# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): +# The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule +# change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: +# Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency +# http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. +# I guess the best we can do is document the official time. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S @@ -2848,7 +3169,7 @@ Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got # approval from 266 deputies. # -# Ukraine abolishes transter back to the winter time (in Russian) +# Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ # # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) @@ -2914,7 +3235,7 @@ Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. -# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but +# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 - CET 1940 @@ -2940,39 +3261,6 @@ Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT -# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. -Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 - 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T - 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 - 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov - 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 - 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 - 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 - 2:00 - EET 1992 -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): -# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched -# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. -# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened -# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say -# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it -# changed in May. - 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May -# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. - 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s - 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s -# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. -# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. - 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 - 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u -# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): -# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 -# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html -# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): -# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks -# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial -# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. - 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 - 4:00 - MSK # Vatican City # See Europe/Rome. @@ -3004,7 +3292,7 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep -# lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now. +# lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. # # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the # Soviet Union (as far as I know). |