diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/tzdata/europe')
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/tzdata/europe | 126 |
1 files changed, 88 insertions, 38 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/tzdata/europe b/contrib/tzdata/europe index 0f429da..a7b1676 100644 --- a/contrib/tzdata/europe +++ b/contrib/tzdata/europe @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ # </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) # -# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; +# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph # of the text said: # -# `An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands +# 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ # From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27): # Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society -# who circulated a pamphlet ``The Waste of Daylight'' (1907) +# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, @@ -165,10 +165,10 @@ # </a> # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): -# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said ``Daylight Saving'' +# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the -# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using ``Summer''. +# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): # @@ -208,9 +208,9 @@ # which could not be said to run counter to any official description. # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): -# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common +# Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, -# so we use `BDST'. +# so we use 'BDST'. # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. @@ -431,6 +431,8 @@ Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982) # See EU for rules starting in 1996. +# +# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s @@ -797,7 +799,7 @@ Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bosnia and Herzegovina -# see Serbia +# See Europe/Belgrade. # Bulgaria # @@ -825,10 +827,10 @@ Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Croatia -# see Serbia +# See Europe/Belgrade. # Cyprus -# Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. +# Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S @@ -845,6 +847,7 @@ Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT +# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland @@ -1008,12 +1011,12 @@ Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28): # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s, # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:] -# ``I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different +# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to -# summer time next spring.'' +# summer time next spring." # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: # <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390"> @@ -1068,7 +1071,7 @@ Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, # and it's supposed to change at 4am... -# From Janne Snabb (2010-0715): +# From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15): # # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour @@ -1125,7 +1128,7 @@ Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # -# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. +# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - @@ -1415,7 +1418,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 # <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html"> # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) # </a> -# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute +# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: @@ -1561,10 +1564,22 @@ Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Liechtenstein -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun - 1:00 - CET 1981 - 1:00 EU CE%sT + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. + +# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): +# http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf +# ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. +# I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: +# ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein +# introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on +# central European time was in force throughout the year. +# From a report of the duke's government to the high council, +# regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. + +Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz + # Lithuania @@ -1652,7 +1667,7 @@ Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 EU CE%sT # Macedonia -# see Serbia +# See Europe/Belgrade. # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S @@ -1745,7 +1760,7 @@ Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 1:00 EU CE%sT # Montenegro -# see Serbia +# See Europe/Belgrade. # Netherlands @@ -1860,7 +1875,7 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). -# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-01): +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was @@ -1871,7 +1886,7 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly -# the UTC offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that +# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an @@ -1884,9 +1899,8 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # -# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970. Unless we can -# come up with more definitive info about the timekeeping during the -# war years it's probably best just do...the following for now: +# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo +# for these regions. Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen # Poland @@ -2144,7 +2158,7 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. # # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): -# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with +# 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group).... # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there. @@ -2443,6 +2457,9 @@ Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - ANAT +# San Marino +# See Europe/Rome. + # Serbia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 @@ -2465,7 +2482,7 @@ Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia -# see Serbia +# See Europe/Belgrade. # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S @@ -2599,7 +2616,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep # mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''): +# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - # From Shanks & Pottenger: @@ -2644,23 +2661,53 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # The 1940 rules must be deleted. # # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for -# most users of tzdata: -# The zone file -# Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 -# 0:29:44 - BMT 1894 Jun #Bern Mean Time -# 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 -# 1:00 EU CE%sT +# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of # the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. +# +# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): +# The Federal regulations say +# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html +# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50". +# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. + +# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): +# the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893) +# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... +# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight +# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one +# hour before the beginning of service. + +# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): +# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. +# +# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland +# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: +# +# Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und +# Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, +# ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. +# +# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not +# agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the +# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the +# "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on +# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 +# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in +# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph +# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" +# (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on +# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and +# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 - 0:29:44 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time +Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. + 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT @@ -2884,7 +2931,7 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. -# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened +# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it # changed in May. @@ -2898,6 +2945,9 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT +# Vatican City +# See Europe/Rome. + ############################################################################### # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from |
