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diff --git a/contrib/perl5/pod/perl5004delta.pod b/contrib/perl5/pod/perl5004delta.pod deleted file mode 100644 index 429cba9..0000000 --- a/contrib/perl5/pod/perl5004delta.pod +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1612 +0,0 @@ -=head1 NAME - -perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 - -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -This document describes differences between the 5.003 release (as -documented in I<Programming Perl>, second edition--the Camel Book) and -this one. - -=head1 Supported Environments - -Perl5.004 builds out of the box on Unix, Plan 9, LynxOS, VMS, OS/2, -QNX, AmigaOS, and Windows NT. Perl runs on Windows 95 as well, but it -cannot be built there, for lack of a reasonable command interpreter. - -=head1 Core Changes - -Most importantly, many bugs were fixed, including several security -problems. See the F<Changes> file in the distribution for details. - -=head2 List assignment to %ENV works - -C<%ENV = ()> and C<%ENV = @list> now work as expected (except on VMS -where it generates a fatal error). - -=head2 Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error - -The error "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" now lists the contents of @INC -for easier debugging. - -=head2 Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 - -There is a new Configure question that asks if you want to maintain -binary compatibility with Perl 5.003. If you choose binary -compatibility, you do not have to recompile your extensions, but you -might have symbol conflicts if you embed Perl in another application, -just as in the 5.003 release. By default, binary compatibility -is preserved at the expense of symbol table pollution. - -=head2 $PERL5OPT environment variable - -You may now put Perl options in the $PERL5OPT environment variable. -Unless Perl is running with taint checks, it will interpret this -variable as if its contents had appeared on a "#!perl" line at the -beginning of your script, except that hyphens are optional. PERL5OPT -may only be used to set the following switches: B<-[DIMUdmw]>. - -=head2 Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options - -The C<-M> and C<-m> options are no longer allowed on the C<#!> line of -a script. If a script needs a module, it should invoke it with the -C<use> pragma. - -The B<-T> option is also forbidden on the C<#!> line of a script, -unless it was present on the Perl command line. Due to the way C<#!> -works, this usually means that B<-T> must be in the first argument. -Thus: - - #!/usr/bin/perl -T -w - -will probably work for an executable script invoked as C<scriptname>, -while: - - #!/usr/bin/perl -w -T - -will probably fail under the same conditions. (Non-Unix systems will -probably not follow this rule.) But C<perl scriptname> is guaranteed -to fail, since then there is no chance of B<-T> being found on the -command line before it is found on the C<#!> line. - -=head2 More precise warnings - -If you removed the B<-w> option from your Perl 5.003 scripts because it -made Perl too verbose, we recommend that you try putting it back when -you upgrade to Perl 5.004. Each new perl version tends to remove some -undesirable warnings, while adding new warnings that may catch bugs in -your scripts. - -=head2 Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods - -Before Perl 5.004, C<AUTOLOAD> functions were looked up as methods -(using the C<@ISA> hierarchy), even when the function to be autoloaded -was called as a plain function (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not a method -(e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or C<< $obj->bar() >>). - -Perl 5.005 will use method lookup only for methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s. -However, there is a significant base of existing code that may be using -the old behavior. So, as an interim step, Perl 5.004 issues an optional -warning when a non-method uses an inherited C<AUTOLOAD>. - -The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading -non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that used to -depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class named -C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during startup. - -=head2 Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable - -Using %OVERLOAD to define overloading was deprecated in 5.003. -Overloading is now defined using the overload pragma. %OVERLOAD is -still used internally but should not be used by Perl scripts. See -L<overload> for more details. - -=head2 Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified - -In Perl 5.004, nonexistent array and hash elements used as subroutine -parameters are brought into existence only if they are actually -assigned to (via C<@_>). - -Earlier versions of Perl vary in their handling of such arguments. -Perl versions 5.002 and 5.003 always brought them into existence. -Perl versions 5.000 and 5.001 brought them into existence only if -they were not the first argument (which was almost certainly a bug). -Earlier versions of Perl never brought them into existence. - -For example, given this code: - - undef @a; undef %a; - sub show { print $_[0] }; - sub change { $_[0]++ }; - show($a[2]); - change($a{b}); - -After this code executes in Perl 5.004, $a{b} exists but $a[2] does -not. In Perl 5.002 and 5.003, both $a{b} and $a[2] would have existed -(but $a[2]'s value would have been undefined). - -=head2 Group vector changeable with C<$)> - -The C<$)> special variable has always (well, in Perl 5, at least) -reflected not only the current effective group, but also the group list -as returned by the C<getgroups()> C function (if there is one). -However, until this release, there has not been a way to call the -C<setgroups()> C function from Perl. - -In Perl 5.004, assigning to C<$)> is exactly symmetrical with examining -it: The first number in its string value is used as the effective gid; -if there are any numbers after the first one, they are passed to the -C<setgroups()> C function (if there is one). - -=head2 Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc. - -Perl versions before 5.004 misinterpreted any type marker followed by -"$" and a digit. For example, "$$0" was incorrectly taken to mean -"${$}0" instead of "${$0}". This bug is (mostly) fixed in Perl 5.004. - -However, the developers of Perl 5.004 could not fix this bug completely, -because at least two widely-used modules depend on the old meaning of -"$$0" in a string. So Perl 5.004 still interprets "$$<digit>" in the -old (broken) way inside strings; but it generates this message as a -warning. And in Perl 5.005, this special treatment will cease. - -=head2 Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc. - -Perl versions before 5.004 did not always properly localize the -regex-related special variables. Perl 5.004 does localize them, as -the documentation has always said it should. This may result in $1, -$2, etc. no longer being set where existing programs use them. - -=head2 No resetting of $. on implicit close - -The documentation for Perl 5.0 has always stated that C<$.> is I<not> -reset when an already-open file handle is reopened with no intervening -call to C<close>. Due to a bug, perl versions 5.000 through 5.003 -I<did> reset C<$.> under that circumstance; Perl 5.004 does not. - -=head2 C<wantarray> may return undef - -The C<wantarray> operator returns true if a subroutine is expected to -return a list, and false otherwise. In Perl 5.004, C<wantarray> can -also return the undefined value if a subroutine's return value will -not be used at all, which allows subroutines to avoid a time-consuming -calculation of a return value if it isn't going to be used. - -=head2 C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context - -Perl (version 5) used to determine the value of EXPR inconsistently, -sometimes incorrectly using the surrounding context for the determination. -Now, the value of EXPR (before being parsed by eval) is always determined in -a scalar context. Once parsed, it is executed as before, by providing -the context that the scope surrounding the eval provided. This change -makes the behavior Perl4 compatible, besides fixing bugs resulting from -the inconsistent behavior. This program: - - @a = qw(time now is time); - print eval @a; - print '|', scalar eval @a; - -used to print something like "timenowis881399109|4", but now (and in perl4) -prints "4|4". - -=head2 Changes to tainting checks - -A bug in previous versions may have failed to detect some insecure -conditions when taint checks are turned on. (Taint checks are used -in setuid or setgid scripts, or when explicitly turned on with the -C<-T> invocation option.) Although it's unlikely, this may cause a -previously-working script to now fail -- which should be construed -as a blessing, since that indicates a potentially-serious security -hole was just plugged. - -The new restrictions when tainting include: - -=over 4 - -=item No glob() or <*> - -These operators may spawn the C shell (csh), which cannot be made -safe. This restriction will be lifted in a future version of Perl -when globbing is implemented without the use of an external program. - -=item No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV - -These environment variables may alter the behavior of spawned programs -(especially shells) in ways that subvert security. So now they are -treated as dangerous, in the manner of $IFS and $PATH. - -=item No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name - -Some termcap libraries do unsafe things with $TERM. However, it would be -unnecessarily harsh to treat all $TERM values as unsafe, since only shell -metacharacters can cause trouble in $TERM. So a tainted $TERM is -considered to be safe if it contains only alphanumerics, underscores, -dashes, and colons, and unsafe if it contains other characters (including -whitespace). - -=back - -=head2 New Opcode module and revised Safe module - -A new Opcode module supports the creation, manipulation and -application of opcode masks. The revised Safe module has a new API -and is implemented using the new Opcode module. Please read the new -Opcode and Safe documentation. - -=head2 Embedding improvements - -In older versions of Perl it was not possible to create more than one -Perl interpreter instance inside a single process without leaking like a -sieve and/or crashing. The bugs that caused this behavior have all been -fixed. However, you still must take care when embedding Perl in a C -program. See the updated perlembed manpage for tips on how to manage -your interpreters. - -=head2 Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes - -File handles are now stored internally as type IO::Handle. The -FileHandle module is still supported for backwards compatibility, but -it is now merely a front end to the IO::* modules -- specifically, -IO::Handle, IO::Seekable, and IO::File. We suggest, but do not -require, that you use the IO::* modules in new code. - -In harmony with this change, C<*GLOB{FILEHANDLE}> is now just a -backward-compatible synonym for C<*GLOB{IO}>. - -=head2 Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface - -It is now possible to build Perl with AT&T's sfio IO package -instead of stdio. See L<perlapio> for more details, and -the F<INSTALL> file for how to use it. - -=head2 New and changed syntax - -=over 4 - -=item $coderef->(PARAMS) - -A subroutine reference may now be suffixed with an arrow and a -(possibly empty) parameter list. This syntax denotes a call of the -referenced subroutine, with the given parameters (if any). - -This new syntax follows the pattern of S<C<< $hashref->{FOO} >>> and -S<C<< $aryref->[$foo] >>>: You may now write S<C<&$subref($foo)>> as -S<C<< $subref->($foo) >>>. All these arrow terms may be chained; -thus, S<C<< &{$table->{FOO}}($bar) >>> may now be written -S<C<< $table->{FOO}->($bar) >>>. - -=back - -=head2 New and changed builtin constants - -=over 4 - -=item __PACKAGE__ - -The current package name at compile time, or the undefined value if -there is no current package (due to a C<package;> directive). Like -C<__FILE__> and C<__LINE__>, C<__PACKAGE__> does I<not> interpolate -into strings. - -=back - -=head2 New and changed builtin variables - -=over 4 - -=item $^E - -Extended error message on some platforms. (Also known as -$EXTENDED_OS_ERROR if you C<use English>). - -=item $^H - -The current set of syntax checks enabled by C<use strict>. See the -documentation of C<strict> for more details. Not actually new, but -newly documented. -Because it is intended for internal use by Perl core components, -there is no C<use English> long name for this variable. - -=item $^M - -By default, running out of memory it is not trappable. However, if -compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an emergency -pool after die()ing with this message. Suppose that your Perl were -compiled with -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK and used Perl's malloc. Then - - $^M = 'a' x (1<<16); - -would allocate a 64K buffer for use when in emergency. -See the F<INSTALL> file for information on how to enable this option. -As a disincentive to casual use of this advanced feature, -there is no C<use English> long name for this variable. - -=back - -=head2 New and changed builtin functions - -=over 4 - -=item delete on slices - -This now works. (e.g. C<delete @ENV{'PATH', 'MANPATH'}>) - -=item flock - -is now supported on more platforms, prefers fcntl to lockf when -emulating, and always flushes before (un)locking. - -=item printf and sprintf - -Perl now implements these functions itself; it doesn't use the C -library function sprintf() any more, except for floating-point -numbers, and even then only known flags are allowed. As a result, it -is now possible to know which conversions and flags will work, and -what they will do. - -The new conversions in Perl's sprintf() are: - - %i a synonym for %d - %p a pointer (the address of the Perl value, in hexadecimal) - %n special: *stores* the number of characters output so far - into the next variable in the parameter list - -The new flags that go between the C<%> and the conversion are: - - # prefix octal with "0", hex with "0x" - h interpret integer as C type "short" or "unsigned short" - V interpret integer as Perl's standard integer type - -Also, where a number would appear in the flags, an asterisk ("*") may -be used instead, in which case Perl uses the next item in the -parameter list as the given number (that is, as the field width or -precision). If a field width obtained through "*" is negative, it has -the same effect as the '-' flag: left-justification. - -See L<perlfunc/sprintf> for a complete list of conversion and flags. - -=item keys as an lvalue - -As an lvalue, C<keys> allows you to increase the number of hash buckets -allocated for the given hash. This can gain you a measure of efficiency if -you know the hash is going to get big. (This is similar to pre-extending -an array by assigning a larger number to $#array.) If you say - - keys %hash = 200; - -then C<%hash> will have at least 200 buckets allocated for it. These -buckets will be retained even if you do C<%hash = ()>; use C<undef -%hash> if you want to free the storage while C<%hash> is still in scope. -You can't shrink the number of buckets allocated for the hash using -C<keys> in this way (but you needn't worry about doing this by accident, -as trying has no effect). - -=item my() in Control Structures - -You can now use my() (with or without the parentheses) in the control -expressions of control structures such as: - - while (defined(my $line = <>)) { - $line = lc $line; - } continue { - print $line; - } - - if ((my $answer = <STDIN>) =~ /^y(es)?$/i) { - user_agrees(); - } elsif ($answer =~ /^n(o)?$/i) { - user_disagrees(); - } else { - chomp $answer; - die "`$answer' is neither `yes' nor `no'"; - } - -Also, you can declare a foreach loop control variable as lexical by -preceding it with the word "my". For example, in: - - foreach my $i (1, 2, 3) { - some_function(); - } - -$i is a lexical variable, and the scope of $i extends to the end of -the loop, but not beyond it. - -Note that you still cannot use my() on global punctuation variables -such as $_ and the like. - -=item pack() and unpack() - -A new format 'w' represents a BER compressed integer (as defined in -ASN.1). Its format is a sequence of one or more bytes, each of which -provides seven bits of the total value, with the most significant -first. Bit eight of each byte is set, except for the last byte, in -which bit eight is clear. - -If 'p' or 'P' are given undef as values, they now generate a NULL -pointer. - -Both pack() and unpack() now fail when their templates contain invalid -types. (Invalid types used to be ignored.) - -=item sysseek() - -The new sysseek() operator is a variant of seek() that sets and gets the -file's system read/write position, using the lseek(2) system call. It is -the only reliable way to seek before using sysread() or syswrite(). Its -return value is the new position, or the undefined value on failure. - -=item use VERSION - -If the first argument to C<use> is a number, it is treated as a version -number instead of a module name. If the version of the Perl interpreter -is less than VERSION, then an error message is printed and Perl exits -immediately. Because C<use> occurs at compile time, this check happens -immediately during the compilation process, unlike C<require VERSION>, -which waits until runtime for the check. This is often useful if you -need to check the current Perl version before C<use>ing library modules -which have changed in incompatible ways from older versions of Perl. -(We try not to do this more than we have to.) - -=item use Module VERSION LIST - -If the VERSION argument is present between Module and LIST, then the -C<use> will call the VERSION method in class Module with the given -version as an argument. The default VERSION method, inherited from -the UNIVERSAL class, croaks if the given version is larger than the -value of the variable $Module::VERSION. (Note that there is not a -comma after VERSION!) - -This version-checking mechanism is similar to the one currently used -in the Exporter module, but it is faster and can be used with modules -that don't use the Exporter. It is the recommended method for new -code. - -=item prototype(FUNCTION) - -Returns the prototype of a function as a string (or C<undef> if the -function has no prototype). FUNCTION is a reference to or the name of the -function whose prototype you want to retrieve. -(Not actually new; just never documented before.) - -=item srand - -The default seed for C<srand>, which used to be C<time>, has been changed. -Now it's a heady mix of difficult-to-predict system-dependent values, -which should be sufficient for most everyday purposes. - -Previous to version 5.004, calling C<rand> without first calling C<srand> -would yield the same sequence of random numbers on most or all machines. -Now, when perl sees that you're calling C<rand> and haven't yet called -C<srand>, it calls C<srand> with the default seed. You should still call -C<srand> manually if your code might ever be run on a pre-5.004 system, -of course, or if you want a seed other than the default. - -=item $_ as Default - -Functions documented in the Camel to default to $_ now in -fact do, and all those that do are so documented in L<perlfunc>. - -=item C<m//gc> does not reset search position on failure - -The C<m//g> match iteration construct has always reset its target -string's search position (which is visible through the C<pos> operator) -when a match fails; as a result, the next C<m//g> match after a failure -starts again at the beginning of the string. With Perl 5.004, this -reset may be disabled by adding the "c" (for "continue") modifier, -i.e. C<m//gc>. This feature, in conjunction with the C<\G> zero-width -assertion, makes it possible to chain matches together. See L<perlop> -and L<perlre>. - -=item C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{} - -The C<m//x> construct has always been intended to ignore all unescaped -whitespace. However, before Perl 5.004, whitespace had the effect of -escaping repeat modifiers like "*" or "?"; for example, C</a *b/x> was -(mis)interpreted as C</a\*b/x>. This bug has been fixed in 5.004. - -=item nested C<sub{}> closures work now - -Prior to the 5.004 release, nested anonymous functions didn't work -right. They do now. - -=item formats work right on changing lexicals - -Just like anonymous functions that contain lexical variables -that change (like a lexical index variable for a C<foreach> loop), -formats now work properly. For example, this silently failed -before (printed only zeros), but is fine now: - - my $i; - foreach $i ( 1 .. 10 ) { - write; - } - format = - my i is @# - $i - . - -However, it still fails (without a warning) if the foreach is within a -subroutine: - - my $i; - sub foo { - foreach $i ( 1 .. 10 ) { - write; - } - } - foo; - format = - my i is @# - $i - . - -=back - -=head2 New builtin methods - -The C<UNIVERSAL> package automatically contains the following methods that -are inherited by all other classes: - -=over 4 - -=item isa(CLASS) - -C<isa> returns I<true> if its object is blessed into a subclass of C<CLASS> - -C<isa> is also exportable and can be called as a sub with two arguments. This -allows the ability to check what a reference points to. Example: - - use UNIVERSAL qw(isa); - - if(isa($ref, 'ARRAY')) { - ... - } - -=item can(METHOD) - -C<can> checks to see if its object has a method called C<METHOD>, -if it does then a reference to the sub is returned; if it does not then -I<undef> is returned. - -=item VERSION( [NEED] ) - -C<VERSION> returns the version number of the class (package). If the -NEED argument is given then it will check that the current version (as -defined by the $VERSION variable in the given package) not less than -NEED; it will die if this is not the case. This method is normally -called as a class method. This method is called automatically by the -C<VERSION> form of C<use>. - - use A 1.2 qw(some imported subs); - # implies: - A->VERSION(1.2); - -=back - -B<NOTE:> C<can> directly uses Perl's internal code for method lookup, and -C<isa> uses a very similar method and caching strategy. This may cause -strange effects if the Perl code dynamically changes @ISA in any package. - -You may add other methods to the UNIVERSAL class via Perl or XS code. -You do not need to C<use UNIVERSAL> in order to make these methods -available to your program. This is necessary only if you wish to -have C<isa> available as a plain subroutine in the current package. - -=head2 TIEHANDLE now supported - -See L<perltie> for other kinds of tie()s. - -=over 4 - -=item TIEHANDLE classname, LIST - -This is the constructor for the class. That means it is expected to -return an object of some sort. The reference can be used to -hold some internal information. - - sub TIEHANDLE { - print "<shout>\n"; - my $i; - return bless \$i, shift; - } - -=item PRINT this, LIST - -This method will be triggered every time the tied handle is printed to. -Beyond its self reference it also expects the list that was passed to -the print function. - - sub PRINT { - $r = shift; - $$r++; - return print join( $, => map {uc} @_), $\; - } - -=item PRINTF this, LIST - -This method will be triggered every time the tied handle is printed to -with the C<printf()> function. -Beyond its self reference it also expects the format and list that was -passed to the printf function. - - sub PRINTF { - shift; - my $fmt = shift; - print sprintf($fmt, @_)."\n"; - } - -=item READ this LIST - -This method will be called when the handle is read from via the C<read> -or C<sysread> functions. - - sub READ { - $r = shift; - my($buf,$len,$offset) = @_; - print "READ called, \$buf=$buf, \$len=$len, \$offset=$offset"; - } - -=item READLINE this - -This method will be called when the handle is read from. The method -should return undef when there is no more data. - - sub READLINE { - $r = shift; - return "PRINT called $$r times\n" - } - -=item GETC this - -This method will be called when the C<getc> function is called. - - sub GETC { print "Don't GETC, Get Perl"; return "a"; } - -=item DESTROY this - -As with the other types of ties, this method will be called when the -tied handle is about to be destroyed. This is useful for debugging and -possibly for cleaning up. - - sub DESTROY { - print "</shout>\n"; - } - -=back - -=head2 Malloc enhancements - -If perl is compiled with the malloc included with the perl distribution -(that is, if C<perl -V:d_mymalloc> is 'define') then you can print -memory statistics at runtime by running Perl thusly: - - env PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS=2 perl your_script_here - -The value of 2 means to print statistics after compilation and on -exit; with a value of 1, the statistics are printed only on exit. -(If you want the statistics at an arbitrary time, you'll need to -install the optional module Devel::Peek.) - -Three new compilation flags are recognized by malloc.c. (They have no -effect if perl is compiled with system malloc().) - -=over 4 - -=item -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK - -If this macro is defined, running out of memory need not be a fatal -error: a memory pool can allocated by assigning to the special -variable C<$^M>. See L<"$^M">. - -=item -DPACK_MALLOC - -Perl memory allocation is by bucket with sizes close to powers of two. -Because of these malloc overhead may be big, especially for data of -size exactly a power of two. If C<PACK_MALLOC> is defined, perl uses -a slightly different algorithm for small allocations (up to 64 bytes -long), which makes it possible to have overhead down to 1 byte for -allocations which are powers of two (and appear quite often). - -Expected memory savings (with 8-byte alignment in C<alignbytes>) is -about 20% for typical Perl usage. Expected slowdown due to additional -malloc overhead is in fractions of a percent (hard to measure, because -of the effect of saved memory on speed). - -=item -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE - -Similarly to C<PACK_MALLOC>, this macro improves allocations of data -with size close to a power of two; but this works for big allocations -(starting with 16K by default). Such allocations are typical for big -hashes and special-purpose scripts, especially image processing. - -On recent systems, the fact that perl requires 2M from system for 1M -allocation will not affect speed of execution, since the tail of such -a chunk is not going to be touched (and thus will not require real -memory). However, it may result in a premature out-of-memory error. -So if you will be manipulating very large blocks with sizes close to -powers of two, it would be wise to define this macro. - -Expected saving of memory is 0-100% (100% in applications which -require most memory in such 2**n chunks); expected slowdown is -negligible. - -=back - -=head2 Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements - -Functions that have an empty prototype and that do nothing but return -a fixed value are now inlined (e.g. C<sub PI () { 3.14159 }>). - -Each unique hash key is only allocated once, no matter how many hashes -have an entry with that key. So even if you have 100 copies of the -same hash, the hash keys never have to be reallocated. - -=head1 Support for More Operating Systems - -Support for the following operating systems is new in Perl 5.004. - -=head2 Win32 - -Perl 5.004 now includes support for building a "native" perl under -Windows NT, using the Microsoft Visual C++ compiler (versions 2.0 -and above) or the Borland C++ compiler (versions 5.02 and above). -The resulting perl can be used under Windows 95 (if it -is installed in the same directory locations as it got installed -in Windows NT). This port includes support for perl extension -building tools like L<MakeMaker> and L<h2xs>, so that many extensions -available on the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN) can now be -readily built under Windows NT. See http://www.perl.com/ for more -information on CPAN and F<README.win32> in the perl distribution for more -details on how to get started with building this port. - -There is also support for building perl under the Cygwin32 environment. -Cygwin32 is a set of GNU tools that make it possible to compile and run -many Unix programs under Windows NT by providing a mostly Unix-like -interface for compilation and execution. See F<README.cygwin32> in the -perl distribution for more details on this port and how to obtain the -Cygwin32 toolkit. - -=head2 Plan 9 - -See F<README.plan9> in the perl distribution. - -=head2 QNX - -See F<README.qnx> in the perl distribution. - -=head2 AmigaOS - -See F<README.amigaos> in the perl distribution. - -=head1 Pragmata - -Six new pragmatic modules exist: - -=over 4 - -=item use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3) - -Defers C<require MODULE> until someone calls one of the specified -subroutines (which must be exported by MODULE). This pragma should be -used with caution, and only when necessary. - -=item use blib - -=item use blib 'dir' - -Looks for MakeMaker-like I<'blib'> directory structure starting in -I<dir> (or current directory) and working back up to five levels of -parent directories. - -Intended for use on command line with B<-M> option as a way of testing -arbitrary scripts against an uninstalled version of a package. - -=item use constant NAME => VALUE - -Provides a convenient interface for creating compile-time constants, -See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions">. - -=item use locale - -Tells the compiler to enable (or disable) the use of POSIX locales for -builtin operations. - -When C<use locale> is in effect, the current LC_CTYPE locale is used -for regular expressions and case mapping; LC_COLLATE for string -ordering; and LC_NUMERIC for numeric formatting in printf and sprintf -(but B<not> in print). LC_NUMERIC is always used in write, since -lexical scoping of formats is problematic at best. - -Each C<use locale> or C<no locale> affects statements to the end of -the enclosing BLOCK or, if not inside a BLOCK, to the end of the -current file. Locales can be switched and queried with -POSIX::setlocale(). - -See L<perllocale> for more information. - -=item use ops - -Disable unsafe opcodes, or any named opcodes, when compiling Perl code. - -=item use vmsish - -Enable VMS-specific language features. Currently, there are three -VMS-specific features available: 'status', which makes C<$?> and -C<system> return genuine VMS status values instead of emulating POSIX; -'exit', which makes C<exit> take a genuine VMS status value instead of -assuming that C<exit 1> is an error; and 'time', which makes all times -relative to the local time zone, in the VMS tradition. - -=back - -=head1 Modules - -=head2 Required Updates - -Though Perl 5.004 is compatible with almost all modules that work -with Perl 5.003, there are a few exceptions: - - Module Required Version for Perl 5.004 - ------ ------------------------------- - Filter Filter-1.12 - LWP libwww-perl-5.08 - Tk Tk400.202 (-w makes noise) - -Also, the majordomo mailing list program, version 1.94.1, doesn't work -with Perl 5.004 (nor with perl 4), because it executes an invalid -regular expression. This bug is fixed in majordomo version 1.94.2. - -=head2 Installation directories - -The I<installperl> script now places the Perl source files for -extensions in the architecture-specific library directory, which is -where the shared libraries for extensions have always been. This -change is intended to allow administrators to keep the Perl 5.004 -library directory unchanged from a previous version, without running -the risk of binary incompatibility between extensions' Perl source and -shared libraries. - -=head2 Module information summary - -Brand new modules, arranged by topic rather than strictly -alphabetically: - - CGI.pm Web server interface ("Common Gateway Interface") - CGI/Apache.pm Support for Apache's Perl module - CGI/Carp.pm Log server errors with helpful context - CGI/Fast.pm Support for FastCGI (persistent server process) - CGI/Push.pm Support for server push - CGI/Switch.pm Simple interface for multiple server types - - CPAN Interface to Comprehensive Perl Archive Network - CPAN::FirstTime Utility for creating CPAN configuration file - CPAN::Nox Runs CPAN while avoiding compiled extensions - - IO.pm Top-level interface to IO::* classes - IO/File.pm IO::File extension Perl module - IO/Handle.pm IO::Handle extension Perl module - IO/Pipe.pm IO::Pipe extension Perl module - IO/Seekable.pm IO::Seekable extension Perl module - IO/Select.pm IO::Select extension Perl module - IO/Socket.pm IO::Socket extension Perl module - - Opcode.pm Disable named opcodes when compiling Perl code - - ExtUtils/Embed.pm Utilities for embedding Perl in C programs - ExtUtils/testlib.pm Fixes up @INC to use just-built extension - - FindBin.pm Find path of currently executing program - - Class/Struct.pm Declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes - File/stat.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin stat - Net/hostent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin gethost* - Net/netent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin getnet* - Net/protoent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin getproto* - Net/servent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin getserv* - Time/gmtime.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin gmtime - Time/localtime.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin localtime - Time/tm.pm Internal object for Time::{gm,local}time - User/grent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin getgr* - User/pwent.pm By-name interface to Perl's builtin getpw* - - Tie/RefHash.pm Base class for tied hashes with references as keys - - UNIVERSAL.pm Base class for *ALL* classes - -=head2 Fcntl - -New constants in the existing Fcntl modules are now supported, -provided that your operating system happens to support them: - - F_GETOWN F_SETOWN - O_ASYNC O_DEFER O_DSYNC O_FSYNC O_SYNC - O_EXLOCK O_SHLOCK - -These constants are intended for use with the Perl operators sysopen() -and fcntl() and the basic database modules like SDBM_File. For the -exact meaning of these and other Fcntl constants please refer to your -operating system's documentation for fcntl() and open(). - -In addition, the Fcntl module now provides these constants for use -with the Perl operator flock(): - - LOCK_SH LOCK_EX LOCK_NB LOCK_UN - -These constants are defined in all environments (because where there is -no flock() system call, Perl emulates it). However, for historical -reasons, these constants are not exported unless they are explicitly -requested with the ":flock" tag (e.g. C<use Fcntl ':flock'>). - -=head2 IO - -The IO module provides a simple mechanism to load all the IO modules at one -go. Currently this includes: - - IO::Handle - IO::Seekable - IO::File - IO::Pipe - IO::Socket - -For more information on any of these modules, please see its -respective documentation. - -=head2 Math::Complex - -The Math::Complex module has been totally rewritten, and now supports -more operations. These are overloaded: - - + - * / ** <=> neg ~ abs sqrt exp log sin cos atan2 "" (stringify) - -And these functions are now exported: - - pi i Re Im arg - log10 logn ln cbrt root - tan - csc sec cot - asin acos atan - acsc asec acot - sinh cosh tanh - csch sech coth - asinh acosh atanh - acsch asech acoth - cplx cplxe - -=head2 Math::Trig - -This new module provides a simpler interface to parts of Math::Complex for -those who need trigonometric functions only for real numbers. - -=head2 DB_File - -There have been quite a few changes made to DB_File. Here are a few of -the highlights: - -=over 4 - -=item * - -Fixed a handful of bugs. - -=item * - -By public demand, added support for the standard hash function exists(). - -=item * - -Made it compatible with Berkeley DB 1.86. - -=item * - -Made negative subscripts work with RECNO interface. - -=item * - -Changed the default flags from O_RDWR to O_CREAT|O_RDWR and the default -mode from 0640 to 0666. - -=item * - -Made DB_File automatically import the open() constants (O_RDWR, -O_CREAT etc.) from Fcntl, if available. - -=item * - -Updated documentation. - -=back - -Refer to the HISTORY section in DB_File.pm for a complete list of -changes. Everything after DB_File 1.01 has been added since 5.003. - -=head2 Net::Ping - -Major rewrite - support added for both udp echo and real icmp pings. - -=head2 Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators - -Many of the Perl builtins returning lists now have -object-oriented overrides. These are: - - File::stat - Net::hostent - Net::netent - Net::protoent - Net::servent - Time::gmtime - Time::localtime - User::grent - User::pwent - -For example, you can now say - - use File::stat; - use User::pwent; - $his = (stat($filename)->st_uid == pwent($whoever)->pw_uid); - -=head1 Utility Changes - -=head2 pod2html - -=over 4 - -=item Sends converted HTML to standard output - -The I<pod2html> utility included with Perl 5.004 is entirely new. -By default, it sends the converted HTML to its standard output, -instead of writing it to a file like Perl 5.003's I<pod2html> did. -Use the B<--outfile=FILENAME> option to write to a file. - -=back - -=head2 xsubpp - -=over 4 - -=item C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing - -Due to a documentation/implementation bug in previous versions of -Perl, XSUBs with a return type of C<void> have actually been -returning one value. Usually that value was the GV for the XSUB, -but sometimes it was some already freed or reused value, which would -sometimes lead to program failure. - -In Perl 5.004, if an XSUB is declared as returning C<void>, it -actually returns no value, i.e. an empty list (though there is a -backward-compatibility exception; see below). If your XSUB really -does return an SV, you should give it a return type of C<SV *>. - -For backward compatibility, I<xsubpp> tries to guess whether a -C<void> XSUB is really C<void> or if it wants to return an C<SV *>. -It does so by examining the text of the XSUB: if I<xsubpp> finds -what looks like an assignment to C<ST(0)>, it assumes that the -XSUB's return type is really C<SV *>. - -=back - -=head1 C Language API Changes - -=over 4 - -=item C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv> - -The C<gv_fetchmethod> function finds a method for an object, just like -in Perl 5.003. The GV it returns may be a method cache entry. -However, in Perl 5.004, method cache entries are not visible to users; -therefore, they can no longer be passed directly to C<perl_call_sv>. -Instead, you should use the C<GvCV> macro on the GV to extract its CV, -and pass the CV to C<perl_call_sv>. - -The most likely symptom of passing the result of C<gv_fetchmethod> to -C<perl_call_sv> is Perl's producing an "Undefined subroutine called" -error on the I<second> call to a given method (since there is no cache -on the first call). - -=item C<perl_eval_pv> - -A new function handy for eval'ing strings of Perl code inside C code. -This function returns the value from the eval statement, which can -be used instead of fetching globals from the symbol table. See -L<perlguts>, L<perlembed> and L<perlcall> for details and examples. - -=item Extended API for manipulating hashes - -Internal handling of hash keys has changed. The old hashtable API is -still fully supported, and will likely remain so. The additions to the -API allow passing keys as C<SV*>s, so that C<tied> hashes can be given -real scalars as keys rather than plain strings (nontied hashes still -can only use strings as keys). New extensions must use the new hash -access functions and macros if they wish to use C<SV*> keys. These -additions also make it feasible to manipulate C<HE*>s (hash entries), -which can be more efficient. See L<perlguts> for details. - -=back - -=head1 Documentation Changes - -Many of the base and library pods were updated. These -new pods are included in section 1: - -=over 4 - -=item L<perldelta> - -This document. - -=item L<perlfaq> - -Frequently asked questions. - -=item L<perllocale> - -Locale support (internationalization and localization). - -=item L<perltoot> - -Tutorial on Perl OO programming. - -=item L<perlapio> - -Perl internal IO abstraction interface. - -=item L<perlmodlib> - -Perl module library and recommended practice for module creation. -Extracted from L<perlmod> (which is much smaller as a result). - -=item L<perldebug> - -Although not new, this has been massively updated. - -=item L<perlsec> - -Although not new, this has been massively updated. - -=back - -=head1 New Diagnostics - -Several new conditions will trigger warnings that were -silent before. Some only affect certain platforms. -The following new warnings and errors outline these. -These messages are classified as follows (listed in -increasing order of desperation): - - (W) A warning (optional). - (D) A deprecation (optional). - (S) A severe warning (mandatory). - (F) A fatal error (trappable). - (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable). - (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable). - (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl). - -=over 4 - -=item "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope - -(W) A lexical variable has been redeclared in the same scope, effectively -eliminating all access to the previous instance. This is almost always -a typographical error. Note that the earlier variable will still exist -until the end of the scope or until all closure referents to it are -destroyed. - -=item %s argument is not a HASH element or slice - -(F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash element, such as - - $foo{$bar} - $ref->[12]->{"susie"} - -or a hash slice, such as - - @foo{$bar, $baz, $xyzzy} - @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"} - -=item Allocation too large: %lx - -(X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. - -=item Allocation too large - -(F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. - -=item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) - -(W) The pattern match (//), substitution (s///), and transliteration (tr///) -operators work on scalar values. If you apply one of them to an array -or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to a scalar value -- the -length of an array, or the population info of a hash -- and then work on -that scalar value. This is probably not what you meant to do. See -L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for alternatives. - -=item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string - -(P) Perl maintains a reference counted internal table of strings to -optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other strings. This -indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count of a string -that can no longer be found in the table. - -=item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr - -(W) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() used -as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to -dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>. - -=item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package - -(W) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but -the compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. -Perhaps you need to predeclare a package? - -=item Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s - -(F) Perl optimizes the internal handling of sort subroutines and keeps -pointers into them. You tried to redefine one such sort subroutine when it -was currently active, which is not allowed. If you really want to do -this, you should write C<sort { &func } @x> instead of C<sort func @x>. - -=item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use - -(F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic references -are disallowed. See L<perlref>. - -=item Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s' - -(P) Internal error trying to resolve overloading specified by a method -name (as opposed to a subroutine reference). - -=item Constant subroutine %s redefined - -(S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible for -inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and -workarounds. - -=item Constant subroutine %s undefined - -(S) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible for -inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and -workarounds. - -=item Copy method did not return a reference - -(F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See L<overload/Copy Constructor>. - -=item Died - -(F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or -you called it with no args and both C<$@> and C<$_> were empty. - -=item Exiting pseudo-block via %s - -(W) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a sort block or -subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a loop control -statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>. - -=item Identifier too long - -(F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to -252 characters for simple names, somewhat more for compound names (like -C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future versions of Perl are -likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations. - -=item Illegal character %s (carriage return) - -(F) A carriage return character was found in the input. This is an -error, and not a warning, because carriage return characters can break -multi-line strings, including here documents (e.g., C<print <<EOF;>). - -=item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s - -(X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the -following switches: B<-[DIMUdmw]>. - -=item Integer overflow in hex number - -(S) The literal hex number you have specified is too big for your -architecture. On a 32-bit architecture the largest hex literal is -0xFFFFFFFF. - -=item Integer overflow in octal number - -(S) The literal octal number you have specified is too big for your -architecture. On a 32-bit architecture the largest octal literal is -037777777777. - -=item internal error: glob failed - -(P) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used for C<glob> -and C<< <*.c> >>. This may mean that your csh (C shell) is -broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables in -config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as if it -were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them all -empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will -think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run -C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl. - -=item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" - -(W) Perl does not understand the given format conversion. -See L<perlfunc/sprintf>. - -=item Invalid type in pack: '%s' - -(F) The given character is not a valid pack type. See L<perlfunc/pack>. - -=item Invalid type in unpack: '%s' - -(F) The given character is not a valid unpack type. See L<perlfunc/unpack>. - -=item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo - -(W) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names. -If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention -it again somehow to suppress the message (the C<use vars> pragma is -provided for just this purpose). - -=item Null picture in formline - -(F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture -specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you -supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>. - -=item Offset outside string - -(F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with an offset -pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to imagine. -The sole exception to this is that C<sysread()>ing past the buffer -will extend the buffer and zero pad the new area. - -=item Out of memory! - -(X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient -remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. - -The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it -depends on the way Perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable. -However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as -an emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the -error is trappable I<once>. - -=item Out of memory during request for %s - -(F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient -remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However, -the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so -a possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted. - -=item panic: frexp - -(P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible. - -=item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list - -(W) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal -strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated -as literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the -parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.) - -You probably wrote something like this: - - @list = qw( - a # a comment - b # another comment - ); - -when you should have written this: - - @list = qw( - a - b - ); - -If you really want comments, build your list the -old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas: - - @list = ( - 'a', # a comment - 'b', # another comment - ); - -=item Possible attempt to separate words with commas - -(W) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore commas -aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used different -delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently -used.) - -You probably wrote something like this: - - qw! a, b, c !; - -which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without -commas if you don't want them to appear in your data: - - qw! a b c !; - -=item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} - -(W) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single element of -a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $). -The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves like a scalar, both when -assigning to it and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves -like a list when you assign to it, and provides a list context to its -subscript, which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript. - -=item Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s - -(P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importing stubs. -Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to C<can> -may break this. - -=item Too late for "B<-T>" option - -(X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the -B<-T> option, but Perl was not invoked with B<-T> in its argument -list. This is an error because, by the time Perl discovers a B<-T> in -a script, it's too late to properly taint everything from the -environment. So Perl gives up. - -=item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist - -(W) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was still -valid when C<untie> was called. - -=item Unrecognized character %s - -(F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character -in your Perl script (or eval). Perhaps you tried to run a compressed -script, a binary program, or a directory as a Perl program. - -=item Unsupported function fork - -(F) Your version of executable does not support forking. - -Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors of -Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try changing -the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on. - -=item Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated - -(D) Perl versions before 5.004 misinterpreted any type marker followed -by "$" and a digit. For example, "$$0" was incorrectly taken to mean -"${$}0" instead of "${$0}". This bug is (mostly) fixed in Perl 5.004. - -However, the developers of Perl 5.004 could not fix this bug completely, -because at least two widely-used modules depend on the old meaning of -"$$0" in a string. So Perl 5.004 still interprets "$$<digit>" in the -old (broken) way inside strings; but it generates this message as a -warning. And in Perl 5.005, this special treatment will cease. - -=item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() - -(W) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), C<each()>, -or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs can return a -value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression false, which is -probably not what you intended. When using these constructs in conditional -expressions, test their values with the C<defined> operator. - -=item Variable "%s" may be unavailable - -(W) An inner (nested) I<anonymous> subroutine is inside a I<named> -subroutine, and outside that is another subroutine; and the anonymous -(innermost) subroutine is referencing a lexical variable defined in -the outermost subroutine. For example: - - sub outermost { my $a; sub middle { sub { $a } } } - -If the anonymous subroutine is called or referenced (directly or -indirectly) from the outermost subroutine, it will share the variable -as you would expect. But if the anonymous subroutine is called or -referenced when the outermost subroutine is not active, it will see -the value of the shared variable as it was before and during the -*first* call to the outermost subroutine, which is probably not what -you want. - -In these circumstances, it is usually best to make the middle -subroutine anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. Perl has specific -support for shared variables in nested anonymous subroutines; a named -subroutine in between interferes with this feature. - -=item Variable "%s" will not stay shared - -(W) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a lexical -variable defined in an outer subroutine. - -When the inner subroutine is called, it will probably see the value of -the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the -*first* call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first -call to the outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer -subroutines will no longer share a common value for the variable. In -other words, the variable will no longer be shared. - -Furthermore, if the outer subroutine is anonymous and references a -lexical variable outside itself, then the outer and inner subroutines -will I<never> share the given variable. - -This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine -anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that -reference variables in outer subroutines are called or referenced, -they are automatically rebound to the current values of such -variables. - -=item Warning: something's wrong - -(W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or -you called it with no args and C<$_> was empty. - -=item Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter - -(W) A warning peculiar to VMS. A logical name was encountered when preparing -to iterate over %ENV which violates the syntactic rules governing logical -names. Since it cannot be translated normally, it is skipped, and will not -appear in %ENV. This may be a benign occurrence, as some software packages -might directly modify logical name tables and introduce nonstandard names, -or it may indicate that a logical name table has been corrupted. - -=item Got an error from DosAllocMem - -(P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete -version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway. - -=item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX - -(F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form - - prefix1;prefix2 - -or - - prefix1 prefix2 - -with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix -of a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error -may appear if components are not found, or are too long. See -"PERLLIB_PREFIX" in F<README.os2>. - -=item PERL_SH_DIR too long - -(F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the -C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in F<README.os2>. - -=item Process terminated by SIG%s - -(W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix -applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2 -port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see -L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" -in F<README.os2>. - -=back - -=head1 BUGS - -If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the headers of -recently posted articles in the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup. -There may also be information at http://www.perl.com/perl/, the Perl -Home Page. - -If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug> -program included with your release. Make sure you trim your bug down -to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the -output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to <F<perlbug@perl.com>> to be -analysed by the Perl porting team. - -=head1 SEE ALSO - -The F<Changes> file for exhaustive details on what changed. - -The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl. This file has been -significantly updated for 5.004, so even veteran users should -look through it. - -The F<README> file for general stuff. - -The F<Copying> file for copyright information. - -=head1 HISTORY - -Constructed by Tom Christiansen, grabbing material with permission -from innumerable contributors, with kibitzing by more than a few Perl -porters. - -Last update: Wed May 14 11:14:09 EDT 1997 |
