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diff --git a/contrib/perl5/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pod b/contrib/perl5/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pod deleted file mode 100644 index 4976135..0000000 --- a/contrib/perl5/ext/POSIX/POSIX.pod +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1984 +0,0 @@ -=head1 NAME - -POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 - -=head1 SYNOPSIS - - use POSIX; - use POSIX qw(setsid); - use POSIX qw(:errno_h :fcntl_h); - - printf "EINTR is %d\n", EINTR; - - $sess_id = POSIX::setsid(); - - $fd = POSIX::open($path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0644); - # note: that's a filedescriptor, *NOT* a filehandle - -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -The POSIX module permits you to access all (or nearly all) the standard -POSIX 1003.1 identifiers. Many of these identifiers have been given Perl-ish -interfaces. Things which are C<#defines> in C, like EINTR or O_NDELAY, are -automatically exported into your namespace. All functions are only exported -if you ask for them explicitly. Most likely people will prefer to use the -fully-qualified function names. - -This document gives a condensed list of the features available in the POSIX -module. Consult your operating system's manpages for general information on -most features. Consult L<perlfunc> for functions which are noted as being -identical to Perl's builtin functions. - -The first section describes POSIX functions from the 1003.1 specification. -The second section describes some classes for signal objects, TTY objects, -and other miscellaneous objects. The remaining sections list various -constants and macros in an organization which roughly follows IEEE Std -1003.1b-1993. - -=head1 NOTE - -The POSIX module is probably the most complex Perl module supplied with -the standard distribution. It incorporates autoloading, namespace games, -and dynamic loading of code that's in Perl, C, or both. It's a great -source of wisdom. - -=head1 CAVEATS - -A few functions are not implemented because they are C specific. If you -attempt to call these, they will print a message telling you that they -aren't implemented, and suggest using the Perl equivalent should one -exist. For example, trying to access the setjmp() call will elicit the -message "setjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead". - -Furthermore, some evil vendors will claim 1003.1 compliance, but in fact -are not so: they will not pass the PCTS (POSIX Compliance Test Suites). -For example, one vendor may not define EDEADLK, or the semantics of the -errno values set by open(2) might not be quite right. Perl does not -attempt to verify POSIX compliance. That means you can currently -successfully say "use POSIX", and then later in your program you find -that your vendor has been lax and there's no usable ICANON macro after -all. This could be construed to be a bug. - -=head1 FUNCTIONS - -=over 8 - -=item _exit - -This is identical to the C function C<_exit()>. It exits the program -immediately which means among other things buffered I/O is B<not> flushed. - -=item abort - -This is identical to the C function C<abort()>. It terminates the -process with a C<SIGABRT> signal unless caught by a signal handler or -if the handler does not return normally (it e.g. does a C<longjmp>). - -=item abs - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<abs()> function, returning -the absolute value of its numerical argument. - -=item access - -Determines the accessibility of a file. - - if( POSIX::access( "/", &POSIX::R_OK ) ){ - print "have read permission\n"; - } - -Returns C<undef> on failure. Note: do not use C<access()> for -security purposes. Between the C<access()> call and the operation -you are preparing for the permissions might change: a classic -I<race condition>. - -=item acos - -This is identical to the C function C<acos()>, returning -the arcus cosine of its numerical argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item alarm - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<alarm()> function, -either for arming or disarming the C<SIGARLM> timer. - -=item asctime - -This is identical to the C function C<asctime()>. It returns -a string of the form - - "Fri Jun 2 18:22:13 2000\n\0" - -and it is called thusly - - $asctime = asctime($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, - $wday, $yday, $isdst); - -The C<$mon> is zero-based: January equals C<0>. The C<$year> is -1900-based: 2001 equals C<101>. The C<$wday>, C<$yday>, and C<$isdst> -default to zero (and the first two are usually ignored anyway). - -=item asin - -This is identical to the C function C<asin()>, returning -the arcus sine of its numerical argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item assert - -Unimplemented, but you can use L<perlfunc/die> and the L<Carp> module -to achieve similar things. - -=item atan - -This is identical to the C function C<atan()>, returning the -arcus tangent of its numerical argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item atan2 - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<atan2()> function, returning -the arcus tangent defined by its two numerical arguments, the I<y> -coordinate and the I<x> coordinate. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item atexit - -atexit() is C-specific: use C<END {}> instead, see L<perlsub>. - -=item atof - -atof() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. -If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it. - -=item atoi - -atoi() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. -If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it. -If you need to have just the integer part, see L<perlfunc/int>. - -=item atol - -atol() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. -If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it. -If you need to have just the integer part, see L<perlfunc/int>. - -=item bsearch - -bsearch() not supplied. For doing binary search on wordlists, -see L<Search::Dict>. - -=item calloc - -calloc() is C-specific. Perl does memory management transparently. - -=item ceil - -This is identical to the C function C<ceil()>, returning the smallest -integer value greater than or equal to the given numerical argument. - -=item chdir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<chdir()> function, allowing -one to change the working (default) directory, see L<perlfunc/chdir>. - -=item chmod - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<chmod()> function, allowing -one to change file and directory permissions, see L<perlfunc/chmod>. - -=item chown - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<chown()> function, allowing one -to change file and directory owners and groups, see L<perlfunc/chown>. - -=item clearerr - -Use the method L<IO::Handle::clearerr()> instead, to reset the error -state (if any) and EOF state (if any) of the given stream. - -=item clock - -This is identical to the C function C<clock()>, returning the -amount of spent processor time in microseconds. - -=item close - -Close the file. This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by calling -C<POSIX::open>. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY ); - POSIX::close( $fd ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -See also L<perlfunc/close>. - -=item closedir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<closedir()> function for closing -a directory handle, see L<perlfunc/closedir>. - -=item cos - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<cos()> function, for returning -the cosine of its numerical argument, see L<perlfunc/cos>. -See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item cosh - -This is identical to the C function C<cosh()>, for returning -the hyperbolic cosine of its numeric argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item creat - -Create a new file. This returns a file descriptor like the ones returned by -C<POSIX::open>. Use C<POSIX::close> to close the file. - - $fd = POSIX::creat( "foo", 0611 ); - POSIX::close( $fd ); - -See also L<perlfunc/sysopen> and its C<O_CREAT> flag. - -=item ctermid - -Generates the path name for the controlling terminal. - - $path = POSIX::ctermid(); - -=item ctime - -This is identical to the C function C<ctime()> and equivalent -to C<asctime(localtime(...))>, see L</asctime> and L</localtime>. - -=item cuserid - -Get the login name of the owner of the current process. - - $name = POSIX::cuserid(); - -=item difftime - -This is identical to the C function C<difftime()>, for returning -the time difference (in seconds) between two times (as returned -by C<time()>), see L</time>. - -=item div - -div() is C-specific, use L<perlfunc/int> on the usual C</> division and -the modulus C<%>. - -=item dup - -This is similar to the C function C<dup()>, for duplicating a file -descriptor. - -This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by calling -C<POSIX::open>. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item dup2 - -This is similar to the C function C<dup2()>, for duplicating a file -descriptor to an another known file descriptor. - -This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by calling -C<POSIX::open>. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item errno - -Returns the value of errno. - - $errno = POSIX::errno(); - -This identical to the numerical values of the C<$!>, see L<perlvar/$ERRNO>. - -=item execl - -execl() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item execle - -execle() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item execlp - -execlp() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item execv - -execv() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item execve - -execve() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item execvp - -execvp() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/exec>. - -=item exit - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<exit()> function for exiting the -program, see L<perlfunc/exit>. - -=item exp - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<exp()> function for -returning the exponent (I<e>-based) of the numerical argument, -see L<perlfunc/exp>. - -=item fabs - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<abs()> function for returning -the absolute value of the numerical argument, see L<perlfunc/abs>. - -=item fclose - -Use method C<IO::Handle::close()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/close>. - -=item fcntl - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<fcntl()> function, -see L<perlfunc/fcntl>. - -=item fdopen - -Use method C<IO::Handle::new_from_fd()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/open>. - -=item feof - -Use method C<IO::Handle::eof()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/eof>. - -=item ferror - -Use method C<IO::Handle::error()> instead. - -=item fflush - -Use method C<IO::Handle::flush()> instead. -See also L<perlvar/$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH>. - -=item fgetc - -Use method C<IO::Handle::getc()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/read>. - -=item fgetpos - -Use method C<IO::Seekable::getpos()> instead, or see L<L/seek>. - -=item fgets - -Use method C<IO::Handle::gets()> instead. Similar to E<lt>E<gt>, also known -as L<perlfunc/readline>. - -=item fileno - -Use method C<IO::Handle::fileno()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/fileno>. - -=item floor - -This is identical to the C function C<floor()>, returning the largest -integer value less than or equal to the numerical argument. - -=item fmod - -This is identical to the C function C<fmod()>. - - $r = modf($x, $y); - -It returns the remainder C<$r = $x - $n*$y>, where C<$n = trunc($x/$y)>. -The C<$r> has the same sign as C<$x> and magnitude (absolute value) -less than the magnitude of C<$y>. - -=item fopen - -Use method C<IO::File::open()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/open>. - -=item fork - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<fork()> function -for duplicating the current process, see L<perlfunc/fork> -and L<perlfork> if you are in Windows. - -=item fpathconf - -Retrieves the value of a configurable limit on a file or directory. This -uses file descriptors such as those obtained by calling C<POSIX::open>. - -The following will determine the maximum length of the longest allowable -pathname on the filesystem which holds C</tmp/foo>. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "/tmp/foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY ); - $path_max = POSIX::fpathconf( $fd, &POSIX::_PC_PATH_MAX ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item fprintf - -fprintf() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/printf> instead. - -=item fputc - -fputc() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item fputs - -fputs() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item fread - -fread() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/read> instead. - -=item free - -free() is C-specific. Perl does memory management transparently. - -=item freopen - -freopen() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/open> instead. - -=item frexp - -Return the mantissa and exponent of a floating-point number. - - ($mantissa, $exponent) = POSIX::frexp( 1.234e56 ); - -=item fscanf - -fscanf() is C-specific, use E<lt>E<gt> and regular expressions instead. - -=item fseek - -Use method C<IO::Seekable::seek()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/seek>. - -=item fsetpos - -Use method C<IO::Seekable::setpos()> instead, or seek L<perlfunc/seek>. - -=item fstat - -Get file status. This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by -calling C<POSIX::open>. The data returned is identical to the data from -Perl's builtin C<stat> function. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY ); - @stats = POSIX::fstat( $fd ); - -=item ftell - -Use method C<IO::Seekable::tell()> instead, or see L<perlfunc/tell>. - -=item fwrite - -fwrite() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item getc - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getc()> function, -see L<perlfunc/getc>. - -=item getchar - -Returns one character from STDIN. Identical to Perl's C<getc()>, -see L<perlfunc/getc>. - -=item getcwd - -Returns the name of the current working directory. -See also L<Cwd>. - -=item getegid - -Returns the effective group identifier. Similar to Perl' s builtin -variable C<$(>, see L<perlvar/$EGID>. - -=item getenv - -Returns the value of the specified enironment variable. -The same information is available through the C<%ENV> array. - -=item geteuid - -Returns the effective user identifier. Identical to Perl's builtin C<$E<gt>> -variable, see L<perlvar/$EUID>. - -=item getgid - -Returns the user's real group identifier. Similar to Perl's builtin -variable C<$)>, see L<perlvar/$GID>. - -=item getgrgid - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getgrgid()> function for -returning group entries by group identifiers, see -L<perlfunc/getgrgid>. - -=item getgrnam - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getgrnam()> function for -returning group entries by group names, see L<perlfunc/getgrnam>. - -=item getgroups - -Returns the ids of the user's supplementary groups. Similar to Perl's -builtin variable C<$)>, see L<perlvar/$GID>. - -=item getlogin - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getlogin()> function for -returning the user name associated with the current session, see -L<perlfunc/getlogin>. - -=item getpgrp - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getpgrp()> function for -returning the prcess group identifier of the current process, see -L<perlfunc/getpgrp>. - -=item getpid - -Returns the process identifier. Identical to Perl's builtin -variable C<$$>, see L<perlvar/$PID>. - -=item getppid - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getppid()> function for -returning the process identifier of the parent process of the current -process , see L<perlfunc/getppid>. - -=item getpwnam - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getpwnam()> function for -returning user entries by user names, see L<perlfunc/getpwnam>. - -=item getpwuid - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<getpwuid()> function for -returning user entries by user identifiers, see L<perlfunc/getpwuid>. - -=item gets - -Returns one line from C<STDIN>, similar to E<lt>E<gt>, also known -as the C<readline()> function, see L<perlfunc/readline>. - -B<NOTE>: if you have C programs that still use C<gets()>, be very -afraid. The C<gets()> function is a source of endless grief because -it has no buffer overrun checks. It should B<never> be used. The -C<fgets()> function should be preferred instead. - -=item getuid - -Returns the user's identifier. Identical to Perl's builtin C<$E<lt>> variable, -see L<perlvar/$UID>. - -=item gmtime - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<gmtime()> function for -converting seconds since the epoch to a date in Greenwich Mean Time, -see L<perlfunc/gmtime>. - -=item isalnum - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isalnum:]]/> construct instead, or possibly the C</\w/> construct. - -=item isalpha - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isalpha:]]/> construct instead. - -=item isatty - -Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified filehandle is connected -to a tty. Similar to the C<-t> operator, see L<perlfunc/-X>. - -=item iscntrl - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:iscntrl:]]/> construct instead. - -=item isdigit - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isdigit:]]/> construct instead, or the C</\d/> construct. - -=item isgraph - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isgraph:]]/> construct instead. - -=item islower - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:islower:]]/> construct instead. Do B<not> use C</a-z/>. - -=item isprint - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isprint:]]/> construct instead. - -=item ispunct - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:ispunct:]]/> construct instead. - -=item isspace - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isspace:]]/> construct instead, or the C</\s/> construct. - -=item isupper - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isupper:]]/> construct instead. Do B<not> use C</A-Z/>. - -=item isxdigit - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using regular expressions and the -C</[[:isxdigit:]]/> construct instead, or simply C</[0-9a-f]/i>. - -=item kill - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<kill()> function for sending -signals to processes (often to terminate them), see L<perlfunc/kill>. - -=item labs - -(For returning absolute values of long integers.) -labs() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/abs> instead. - -=item ldexp - -This is identical to the C function C<ldexp()> -for multiplying floating point numbers with powers of two. - - $x_quadrupled = POSIX::ldexp($x, 2); - -=item ldiv - -(For computing dividends of long integers.) -ldiv() is C-specific, use C</> and C<int()> instead. - -=item link - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<link()> function -for creating hard links into files, see L<perlfunc/link>. - -=item localeconv - -Get numeric formatting information. Returns a reference to a hash -containing the current locale formatting values. - -Here is how to query the database for the B<de> (Deutsch or German) locale. - - $loc = POSIX::setlocale( &POSIX::LC_ALL, "de" ); - print "Locale = $loc\n"; - $lconv = POSIX::localeconv(); - print "decimal_point = ", $lconv->{decimal_point}, "\n"; - print "thousands_sep = ", $lconv->{thousands_sep}, "\n"; - print "grouping = ", $lconv->{grouping}, "\n"; - print "int_curr_symbol = ", $lconv->{int_curr_symbol}, "\n"; - print "currency_symbol = ", $lconv->{currency_symbol}, "\n"; - print "mon_decimal_point = ", $lconv->{mon_decimal_point}, "\n"; - print "mon_thousands_sep = ", $lconv->{mon_thousands_sep}, "\n"; - print "mon_grouping = ", $lconv->{mon_grouping}, "\n"; - print "positive_sign = ", $lconv->{positive_sign}, "\n"; - print "negative_sign = ", $lconv->{negative_sign}, "\n"; - print "int_frac_digits = ", $lconv->{int_frac_digits}, "\n"; - print "frac_digits = ", $lconv->{frac_digits}, "\n"; - print "p_cs_precedes = ", $lconv->{p_cs_precedes}, "\n"; - print "p_sep_by_space = ", $lconv->{p_sep_by_space}, "\n"; - print "n_cs_precedes = ", $lconv->{n_cs_precedes}, "\n"; - print "n_sep_by_space = ", $lconv->{n_sep_by_space}, "\n"; - print "p_sign_posn = ", $lconv->{p_sign_posn}, "\n"; - print "n_sign_posn = ", $lconv->{n_sign_posn}, "\n"; - -=item localtime - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<localtime()> function for -converting seconds since the epoch to a date see L<perlfunc/localtime>. - -=item log - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<log()> function, -returning the natural (I<e>-based) logarithm of the numerical argument, -see L<perlfunc/log>. - -=item log10 - -This is identical to the C function C<log10()>, -returning the 10-base logarithm of the numerical argument. -You can also use - - sub log10 { log($_[0]) / log(10) } - -or - - sub log10 { log($_[0]) / 2.30258509299405 } - -or - - sub log10 { log($_[0]) * 0.434294481903252 } - -=item longjmp - -longjmp() is C-specific: use L<perlfunc/die> instead. - -=item lseek - -Move the file's read/write position. This uses file descriptors such as -those obtained by calling C<POSIX::open>. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY ); - $off_t = POSIX::lseek( $fd, 0, &POSIX::SEEK_SET ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item malloc - -malloc() is C-specific. Perl does memory management transparently. - -=item mblen - -This is identical to the C function C<mblen()>. -Perl does not have any support for the wide and multibyte -characters of the C standards, so this might be a rather -useless function. - -=item mbstowcs - -This is identical to the C function C<mbstowcs()>. -Perl does not have any support for the wide and multibyte -characters of the C standards, so this might be a rather -useless function. - -=item mbtowc - -This is identical to the C function C<mbtowc()>. -Perl does not have any support for the wide and multibyte -characters of the C standards, so this might be a rather -useless function. - -=item memchr - -memchr() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/index> instead. - -=item memcmp - -memcmp() is C-specific, use C<eq> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item memcpy - -memcpy() is C-specific, use C<=>, see L<perlop>, or see L<perlfunc/substr>. - -=item memmove - -memmove() is C-specific, use C<=>, see L<perlop>, or see L<perlfunc/substr>. - -=item memset - -memset() is C-specific, use C<x> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item mkdir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<mkdir()> function -for creating directories, see L<perlfunc/mkdir>. - -=item mkfifo - -This is similar to the C function C<mkfifo()> for creating -FIFO special files. - - if (mkfifo($path, $mode)) { .... - -Returns C<undef> on failure. The C<$mode> is similar to the -mode of C<mkdir()>, see L<perlfunc/mkdir>. - -=item mktime - -Convert date/time info to a calendar time. - -Synopsis: - - mktime(sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = 0, yday = 0, isdst = 0) - -The month (C<mon>), weekday (C<wday>), and yearday (C<yday>) begin at zero. -I.e. January is 0, not 1; Sunday is 0, not 1; January 1st is 0, not 1. The -year (C<year>) is given in years since 1900. I.e. The year 1995 is 95; the -year 2001 is 101. Consult your system's C<mktime()> manpage for details -about these and the other arguments. - -Calendar time for December 12, 1995, at 10:30 am. - - $time_t = POSIX::mktime( 0, 30, 10, 12, 11, 95 ); - print "Date = ", POSIX::ctime($time_t); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item modf - -Return the integral and fractional parts of a floating-point number. - - ($fractional, $integral) = POSIX::modf( 3.14 ); - -=item nice - -This is similar to the C function C<nice()>, for changing -the scheduling preference of the current process. Positive -arguments mean more polite process, negative values more -needy process. Normal user processes can only be more polite. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item offsetof - -offsetof() is C-specific, you probably want to see L<perlfunc/pack> instead. - -=item open - -Open a file for reading for writing. This returns file descriptors, not -Perl filehandles. Use C<POSIX::close> to close the file. - -Open a file read-only with mode 0666. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo" ); - -Open a file for read and write. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDWR ); - -Open a file for write, with truncation. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_WRONLY | &POSIX::O_TRUNC ); - -Create a new file with mode 0640. Set up the file for writing. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_CREAT | &POSIX::O_WRONLY, 0640 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -See also L<perlfunc/sysopen>. - -=item opendir - -Open a directory for reading. - - $dir = POSIX::opendir( "/tmp" ); - @files = POSIX::readdir( $dir ); - POSIX::closedir( $dir ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item pathconf - -Retrieves the value of a configurable limit on a file or directory. - -The following will determine the maximum length of the longest allowable -pathname on the filesystem which holds C</tmp>. - - $path_max = POSIX::pathconf( "/tmp", &POSIX::_PC_PATH_MAX ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item pause - -This is similar to the C function C<pause()>, which suspends -the execution of the current process until a signal is received. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item perror - -This is identical to the C function C<perror()>, which outputs to the -standard error stream the specified message followed by ": " and the -current error string. Use the C<warn()> function and the C<$!> -variable instead, see L<perlfunc/warn> and L<perlvar/$ERRNO>. - -=item pipe - -Create an interprocess channel. This returns file descriptors like those -returned by C<POSIX::open>. - - ($fd0, $fd1) = POSIX::pipe(); - POSIX::write( $fd0, "hello", 5 ); - POSIX::read( $fd1, $buf, 5 ); - -See also L<perlfunc/pipe>. - -=item pow - -Computes C<$x> raised to the power C<$exponent>. - - $ret = POSIX::pow( $x, $exponent ); - -You can also use the C<**> operator, see L<perlop>. - -=item printf - -Formats and prints the specified arguments to STDOUT. -See also L<perlfunc/printf>. - -=item putc - -putc() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item putchar - -putchar() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item puts - -puts() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/print> instead. - -=item qsort - -qsort() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/sort> instead. - -=item raise - -Sends the specified signal to the current process. -See also L<perlfunc/kill> and the C<$$> in L<perlvar/$PID>. - -=item rand - -C<rand()> is non-portable, see L<perlfunc/rand> instead. - -=item read - -Read from a file. This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by -calling C<POSIX::open>. If the buffer C<$buf> is not large enough for the -read then Perl will extend it to make room for the request. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY ); - $bytes = POSIX::read( $fd, $buf, 3 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -See also L<perlfunc/sysread>. - -=item readdir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<readdir()> function -for reading directory entries, see L<perlfunc/readdir>. - -=item realloc - -realloc() is C-specific. Perl does memory management transparently. - -=item remove - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<unlink()> function -for removing files, see L<perlfunc/unlink>. - -=item rename - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<rename()> function -for renaming files, see L<perlfunc/rename>. - -=item rewind - -Seeks to the beginning of the file. - -=item rewinddir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<rewinddir()> function for -rewinding directory entry streams, see L<perlfunc/rewinddir>. - -=item rmdir - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<rmdir()> function -for removing (empty) directories, see L<perlfunc/rmdir>. - -=item scanf - -scanf() is C-specific, use E<lt>E<gt> and regular expressions instead, -see L<perlre>. - -=item setgid - -Sets the real group identifier for this process. -Identical to assigning a value to the Perl's builtin C<$)> variable, -see L<perlvar/$UID>. - -=item setjmp - -C<setjmp()> is C-specific: use C<eval {}> instead, -see L<perlfunc/eval>. - -=item setlocale - -Modifies and queries program's locale. The following examples assume - - use POSIX qw(setlocale LC_ALL LC_CTYPE); - -has been issued. - -The following will set the traditional UNIX system locale behavior -(the second argument C<"C">). - - $loc = setlocale( LC_ALL, "C" ); - -The following will query the current LC_CTYPE category. (No second -argument means 'query'.) - - $loc = setlocale( LC_CTYPE ); - -The following will set the LC_CTYPE behaviour according to the locale -environment variables (the second argument C<"">). -Please see your systems L<setlocale(3)> documentation for the locale -environment variables' meaning or consult L<perllocale>. - - $loc = setlocale( LC_CTYPE, "" ); - -The following will set the LC_COLLATE behaviour to Argentinian -Spanish. B<NOTE>: The naming and availability of locales depends on -your operating system. Please consult L<perllocale> for how to find -out which locales are available in your system. - - $loc = setlocale( LC_ALL, "es_AR.ISO8859-1" ); - -=item setpgid - -This is similar to the C function C<setpgid()> for -setting the process group identifier of the current process. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item setsid - -This is identical to the C function C<setsid()> for -setting the session identifier of the current process. - -=item setuid - -Sets the real user identifier for this process. -Identical to assigning a value to the Perl's builtin C<$E<lt>> variable, -see L<perlvar/$UID>. - -=item sigaction - -Detailed signal management. This uses C<POSIX::SigAction> objects for the -C<action> and C<oldaction> arguments. Consult your system's C<sigaction> -manpage for details. - -Synopsis: - - sigaction(sig, action, oldaction = 0) - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item siglongjmp - -siglongjmp() is C-specific: use L<perlfunc/die> instead. - -=item sigpending - -Examine signals that are blocked and pending. This uses C<POSIX::SigSet> -objects for the C<sigset> argument. Consult your system's C<sigpending> -manpage for details. - -Synopsis: - - sigpending(sigset) - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item sigprocmask - -Change and/or examine calling process's signal mask. This uses -C<POSIX::SigSet> objects for the C<sigset> and C<oldsigset> arguments. -Consult your system's C<sigprocmask> manpage for details. - -Synopsis: - - sigprocmask(how, sigset, oldsigset = 0) - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item sigsetjmp - -C<sigsetjmp()> is C-specific: use C<eval {}> instead, -see L<perlfunc/eval>. - -=item sigsuspend - -Install a signal mask and suspend process until signal arrives. This uses -C<POSIX::SigSet> objects for the C<signal_mask> argument. Consult your -system's C<sigsuspend> manpage for details. - -Synopsis: - - sigsuspend(signal_mask) - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item sin - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<sin()> function -for returning the sine of the numerical argument, -see L<perlfunc/sin>. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item sinh - -This is identical to the C function C<sinh()> -for returning the hyperbolic sine of the numerical argument. -See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item sleep - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<sleep()> function -for suspending the execution of the current for process -for certain number of seconds, see L<perlfunc/sleep>. - -=item sprintf - -This is similar to Perl's builtin C<sprintf()> function -for returning a string that has the arguments formatted as requested, -see L<perlfunc/sprintf>. - -=item sqrt - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<sqrt()> function. -for returning the square root of the numerical argument, -see L<perlfunc/sqrt>. - -=item srand - -Give a seed the pseudorandom number generator, see L<perlfunc/srand>. - -=item sscanf - -sscanf() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, -see L<perlre>. - -=item stat - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<stat()> function -for retutning information about files and directories. - -=item strcat - -strcat() is C-specific, use C<.=> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strchr - -strchr() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/index> instead. - -=item strcmp - -strcmp() is C-specific, use C<eq> or C<cmp> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strcoll - -This is identical to the C function C<strcoll()> -for collating (comparing) strings transformed using -the C<strxfrm()> function. Not really needed since -Perl can do this transparently, see L<perllocale>. - -=item strcpy - -strcpy() is C-specific, use C<=> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strcspn - -strcspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, -see L<perlre>. - -=item strerror - -Returns the error string for the specified errno. -Identical to the string form of the C<$!>, see L<perlvar/$ERRNO>. - -=item strftime - -Convert date and time information to string. Returns the string. - -Synopsis: - - strftime(fmt, sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = -1, yday = -1, isdst = -1) - -The month (C<mon>), weekday (C<wday>), and yearday (C<yday>) begin at zero. -I.e. January is 0, not 1; Sunday is 0, not 1; January 1st is 0, not 1. The -year (C<year>) is given in years since 1900. I.e., the year 1995 is 95; the -year 2001 is 101. Consult your system's C<strftime()> manpage for details -about these and the other arguments. -If you want your code to be portable, your format (C<fmt>) argument -should use only the conversion specifiers defined by the ANSI C -standard. These are C<aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%>. -The given arguments are made consistent -as though by calling C<mktime()> before calling your system's -C<strftime()> function, except that the C<isdst> value is not affected. - -The string for Tuesday, December 12, 1995. - - $str = POSIX::strftime( "%A, %B %d, %Y", 0, 0, 0, 12, 11, 95, 2 ); - print "$str\n"; - -=item strlen - -strlen() is C-specific, use C<length()> instead, see L<perlfunc/length>. - -=item strncat - -strncat() is C-specific, use C<.=> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strncmp - -strncmp() is C-specific, use C<eq> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strncpy - -strncpy() is C-specific, use C<=> instead, see L<perlop>. - -=item strpbrk - -strpbrk() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, -see L<perlre>. - -=item strrchr - -strrchr() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/rindex> instead. - -=item strspn - -strspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, -see L<perlre>. - -=item strstr - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<index()> function, -see L<perlfunc/index>. - -=item strtod - -String to double translation. Returns the parsed number and the number -of characters in the unparsed portion of the string. Truly -POSIX-compliant systems set $! ($ERRNO) to indicate a translation -error, so clear $! before calling strtod. However, non-POSIX systems -may not check for overflow, and therefore will never set $!. - -strtod should respect any POSIX I<setlocale()> settings. - -To parse a string $str as a floating point number use - - $! = 0; - ($num, $n_unparsed) = POSIX::strtod($str); - -The second returned item and $! can be used to check for valid input: - - if (($str eq '') || ($n_unparsed != 0) || !$!) { - die "Non-numeric input $str" . $! ? ": $!\n" : "\n"; - } - -When called in a scalar context strtod returns the parsed number. - -=item strtok - -strtok() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, see -L<perlre>, or L<perlfunc/split>. - -=item strtol - -String to (long) integer translation. Returns the parsed number and -the number of characters in the unparsed portion of the string. Truly -POSIX-compliant systems set $! ($ERRNO) to indicate a translation -error, so clear $! before calling strtol. However, non-POSIX systems -may not check for overflow, and therefore will never set $!. - -strtol should respect any POSIX I<setlocale()> settings. - -To parse a string $str as a number in some base $base use - - $! = 0; - ($num, $n_unparsed) = POSIX::strtol($str, $base); - -The base should be zero or between 2 and 36, inclusive. When the base -is zero or omitted strtol will use the string itself to determine the -base: a leading "0x" or "0X" means hexadecimal; a leading "0" means -octal; any other leading characters mean decimal. Thus, "1234" is -parsed as a decimal number, "01234" as an octal number, and "0x1234" -as a hexadecimal number. - -The second returned item and $! can be used to check for valid input: - - if (($str eq '') || ($n_unparsed != 0) || !$!) { - die "Non-numeric input $str" . $! ? ": $!\n" : "\n"; - } - -When called in a scalar context strtol returns the parsed number. - -=item strtoul - -String to unsigned (long) integer translation. strtoul() is identical -to strtol() except that strtoul() only parses unsigned integers. See -L</strtol> for details. - -Note: Some vendors supply strtod() and strtol() but not strtoul(). -Other vendors that do supply strtoul() parse "-1" as a valid value. - -=item strxfrm - -String transformation. Returns the transformed string. - - $dst = POSIX::strxfrm( $src ); - -Used in conjunction with the C<strcoll()> function, see L</strcoll>. - -Not really needed since Perl can do this transparently, see -L<perllocale>. - -=item sysconf - -Retrieves values of system configurable variables. - -The following will get the machine's clock speed. - - $clock_ticks = POSIX::sysconf( &POSIX::_SC_CLK_TCK ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item system - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<system()> function, see -L<perlfunc/system>. - -=item tan - -This is identical to the C function C<tan()>, returning the -tangent of the numerical argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item tanh - -This is identical to the C function C<tanh()>, returning the -hyperbolic tangent of the numerical argument. See also L<Math::Trig>. - -=item tcdrain - -This is similar to the C function C<tcdrain()> for draining -the output queue of its argument stream. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item tcflow - -This is similar to the C function C<tcflow()> for controlling -the flow of its argument stream. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item tcflush - -This is similar to the C function C<tcflush()> for flushing -the I/O buffers of its argumeny stream. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item tcgetpgrp - -This is identical to the C function C<tcgetpgrp()> for returning the -process group identifier of the foreground process group of the controlling -terminal. - -=item tcsendbreak - -This is similar to the C function C<tcsendbreak()> for sending -a break on its argument stream. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item tcsetpgrp - -This is similar to the C function C<tcsetpgrp()> for setting the -process group identifier of the foreground process group of the controlling -terminal. - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item time - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<time()> function -for returning the number of seconds since the epoch -(whatever it is for the system), see L<perlfunc/time>. - -=item times - -The times() function returns elapsed realtime since some point in the past -(such as system startup), user and system times for this process, and user -and system times used by child processes. All times are returned in clock -ticks. - - ($realtime, $user, $system, $cuser, $csystem) = POSIX::times(); - -Note: Perl's builtin C<times()> function returns four values, measured in -seconds. - -=item tmpfile - -Use method C<IO::File::new_tmpfile()> instead, or see L<File::Temp>. - -=item tmpnam - -Returns a name for a temporary file. - - $tmpfile = POSIX::tmpnam(); - -For security reasons, which are probably detailed in your system's -documentation for the C library tmpnam() function, this interface -should not be used; instead see L<File::Temp>. - -=item tolower - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using the C<lc()> function, -see L<perlfunc/lc>, or the equivalent C<\L> operator inside doublequotish -strings. - -=item toupper - -This is identical to the C function, except that it can apply to a single -character or to a whole string. Consider using the C<uc()> function, -see L<perlfunc/uc>, or the equivalent C<\U> operator inside doublequotish -strings. - -=item ttyname - -This is identical to the C function C<ttyname()> for returning the -name of the current terminal. - -=item tzname - -Retrieves the time conversion information from the C<tzname> variable. - - POSIX::tzset(); - ($std, $dst) = POSIX::tzname(); - -=item tzset - -This is identical to the C function C<tzset()> for setting -the current timezone based on the environment variable C<TZ>, -to be used by C<ctime()>, C<localtime()>, C<mktime()>, and C<strftime()> -functions. - -=item umask - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<umask()> function -for setting (and querying) the file creation permission mask, -see L<perlfunc/umask>. - -=item uname - -Get name of current operating system. - - ($sysname, $nodename, $release, $version, $machine) = POSIX::uname(); - -Note that the actual meanings of the various fields are not -that well standardized, do not expect any great portability. -The C<$sysname> might be the name of the operating system, -the C<$nodename> might be the name of the host, the C<$release> -might be the (major) release number of the operating system, -the C<$version> might be the (minor) release number of the -operating system, and the C<$machine> might be a hardware identifier. -Maybe. - -=item ungetc - -Use method C<IO::Handle::ungetc()> instead. - -=item unlink - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<unlink()> function -for removing files, see L<perlfunc/unlink>. - -=item utime - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<utime()> function -for changing the time stamps of files and directories, -see L<perlfunc/utime>. - -=item vfprintf - -vfprintf() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/printf> instead. - -=item vprintf - -vprintf() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/printf> instead. - -=item vsprintf - -vsprintf() is C-specific, see L<perlfunc/sprintf> instead. - -=item wait - -This is identical to Perl's builtin C<wait()> function, -see L<perlfunc/wait>. - -=item waitpid - -Wait for a child process to change state. This is identical to Perl's -builtin C<waitpid()> function, see L<perlfunc/waitpid>. - - $pid = POSIX::waitpid( -1, &POSIX::WNOHANG ); - print "status = ", ($? / 256), "\n"; - -=item wcstombs - -This is identical to the C function C<wcstombs()>. -Perl does not have any support for the wide and multibyte -characters of the C standards, so this might be a rather -useless function. - -=item wctomb - -This is identical to the C function C<wctomb()>. -Perl does not have any support for the wide and multibyte -characters of the C standards, so this might be a rather -useless function. - -=item write - -Write to a file. This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by -calling C<POSIX::open>. - - $fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_WRONLY ); - $buf = "hello"; - $bytes = POSIX::write( $b, $buf, 5 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -See also L<perlfunc/syswrite>. - -=back - -=head1 CLASSES - -=head2 POSIX::SigAction - -=over 8 - -=item new - -Creates a new C<POSIX::SigAction> object which corresponds to the C -C<struct sigaction>. This object will be destroyed automatically when it is -no longer needed. The first parameter is the fully-qualified name of a sub -which is a signal-handler. The second parameter is a C<POSIX::SigSet> -object, it defaults to the empty set. The third parameter contains the -C<sa_flags>, it defaults to 0. - - $sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new(SIGINT, SIGQUIT); - $sigaction = POSIX::SigAction->new( 'main::handler', $sigset, &POSIX::SA_NOCLDSTOP ); - -This C<POSIX::SigAction> object should be used with the C<POSIX::sigaction()> -function. - -=back - -=head2 POSIX::SigSet - -=over 8 - -=item new - -Create a new SigSet object. This object will be destroyed automatically -when it is no longer needed. Arguments may be supplied to initialize the -set. - -Create an empty set. - - $sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new; - -Create a set with SIGUSR1. - - $sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new( &POSIX::SIGUSR1 ); - -=item addset - -Add a signal to a SigSet object. - - $sigset->addset( &POSIX::SIGUSR2 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item delset - -Remove a signal from the SigSet object. - - $sigset->delset( &POSIX::SIGUSR2 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item emptyset - -Initialize the SigSet object to be empty. - - $sigset->emptyset(); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item fillset - -Initialize the SigSet object to include all signals. - - $sigset->fillset(); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item ismember - -Tests the SigSet object to see if it contains a specific signal. - - if( $sigset->ismember( &POSIX::SIGUSR1 ) ){ - print "contains SIGUSR1\n"; - } - -=back - -=head2 POSIX::Termios - -=over 8 - -=item new - -Create a new Termios object. This object will be destroyed automatically -when it is no longer needed. A Termios object corresponds to the termios -C struct. new() mallocs a new one, getattr() fills it from a file descriptor, -and setattr() sets a file descriptor's parameters to match Termios' contents. - - $termios = POSIX::Termios->new; - -=item getattr - -Get terminal control attributes. - -Obtain the attributes for stdin. - - $termios->getattr() - -Obtain the attributes for stdout. - - $termios->getattr( 1 ) - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item getcc - -Retrieve a value from the c_cc field of a termios object. The c_cc field is -an array so an index must be specified. - - $c_cc[1] = $termios->getcc(1); - -=item getcflag - -Retrieve the c_cflag field of a termios object. - - $c_cflag = $termios->getcflag; - -=item getiflag - -Retrieve the c_iflag field of a termios object. - - $c_iflag = $termios->getiflag; - -=item getispeed - -Retrieve the input baud rate. - - $ispeed = $termios->getispeed; - -=item getlflag - -Retrieve the c_lflag field of a termios object. - - $c_lflag = $termios->getlflag; - -=item getoflag - -Retrieve the c_oflag field of a termios object. - - $c_oflag = $termios->getoflag; - -=item getospeed - -Retrieve the output baud rate. - - $ospeed = $termios->getospeed; - -=item setattr - -Set terminal control attributes. - -Set attributes immediately for stdout. - - $termios->setattr( 1, &POSIX::TCSANOW ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item setcc - -Set a value in the c_cc field of a termios object. The c_cc field is an -array so an index must be specified. - - $termios->setcc( &POSIX::VEOF, 1 ); - -=item setcflag - -Set the c_cflag field of a termios object. - - $termios->setcflag( $c_cflag | &POSIX::CLOCAL ); - -=item setiflag - -Set the c_iflag field of a termios object. - - $termios->setiflag( $c_iflag | &POSIX::BRKINT ); - -=item setispeed - -Set the input baud rate. - - $termios->setispeed( &POSIX::B9600 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item setlflag - -Set the c_lflag field of a termios object. - - $termios->setlflag( $c_lflag | &POSIX::ECHO ); - -=item setoflag - -Set the c_oflag field of a termios object. - - $termios->setoflag( $c_oflag | &POSIX::OPOST ); - -=item setospeed - -Set the output baud rate. - - $termios->setospeed( &POSIX::B9600 ); - -Returns C<undef> on failure. - -=item Baud rate values - -B38400 B75 B200 B134 B300 B1800 B150 B0 B19200 B1200 B9600 B600 B4800 B50 B2400 B110 - -=item Terminal interface values - -TCSADRAIN TCSANOW TCOON TCIOFLUSH TCOFLUSH TCION TCIFLUSH TCSAFLUSH TCIOFF TCOOFF - -=item c_cc field values - -VEOF VEOL VERASE VINTR VKILL VQUIT VSUSP VSTART VSTOP VMIN VTIME NCCS - -=item c_cflag field values - -CLOCAL CREAD CSIZE CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 CSTOPB HUPCL PARENB PARODD - -=item c_iflag field values - -BRKINT ICRNL IGNBRK IGNCR IGNPAR INLCR INPCK ISTRIP IXOFF IXON PARMRK - -=item c_lflag field values - -ECHO ECHOE ECHOK ECHONL ICANON IEXTEN ISIG NOFLSH TOSTOP - -=item c_oflag field values - -OPOST - -=back - -=head1 PATHNAME CONSTANTS - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _PC_LINK_MAX _PC_MAX_CANON _PC_MAX_INPUT _PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC _PC_PATH_MAX _PC_PIPE_BUF _PC_VDISABLE - -=back - -=head1 POSIX CONSTANTS - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -_POSIX_ARG_MAX _POSIX_CHILD_MAX _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL _POSIX_LINK_MAX _POSIX_MAX_CANON _POSIX_MAX_INPUT _POSIX_NAME_MAX _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX _POSIX_NO_TRUNC _POSIX_OPEN_MAX _POSIX_PATH_MAX _POSIX_PIPE_BUF _POSIX_SAVED_IDS _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX _POSIX_STREAM_MAX _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX _POSIX_VDISABLE _POSIX_VERSION - -=back - -=head1 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -_SC_ARG_MAX _SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_JOB_CONTROL _SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_OPEN_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS _SC_STREAM_MAX _SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_VERSION - -=back - -=head1 ERRNO - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -E2BIG EACCES EADDRINUSE EADDRNOTAVAIL EAFNOSUPPORT EAGAIN EALREADY EBADF -EBUSY ECHILD ECONNABORTED ECONNREFUSED ECONNRESET EDEADLK EDESTADDRREQ -EDOM EDQUOT EEXIST EFAULT EFBIG EHOSTDOWN EHOSTUNREACH EINPROGRESS EINTR -EINVAL EIO EISCONN EISDIR ELOOP EMFILE EMLINK EMSGSIZE ENAMETOOLONG -ENETDOWN ENETRESET ENETUNREACH ENFILE ENOBUFS ENODEV ENOENT ENOEXEC -ENOLCK ENOMEM ENOPROTOOPT ENOSPC ENOSYS ENOTBLK ENOTCONN ENOTDIR -ENOTEMPTY ENOTSOCK ENOTTY ENXIO EOPNOTSUPP EPERM EPFNOSUPPORT EPIPE -EPROCLIM EPROTONOSUPPORT EPROTOTYPE ERANGE EREMOTE ERESTART EROFS -ESHUTDOWN ESOCKTNOSUPPORT ESPIPE ESRCH ESTALE ETIMEDOUT ETOOMANYREFS -ETXTBSY EUSERS EWOULDBLOCK EXDEV - -=back - -=head1 FCNTL - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -FD_CLOEXEC F_DUPFD F_GETFD F_GETFL F_GETLK F_OK F_RDLCK F_SETFD F_SETFL F_SETLK F_SETLKW F_UNLCK F_WRLCK O_ACCMODE O_APPEND O_CREAT O_EXCL O_NOCTTY O_NONBLOCK O_RDONLY O_RDWR O_TRUNC O_WRONLY - -=back - -=head1 FLOAT - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -DBL_DIG DBL_EPSILON DBL_MANT_DIG DBL_MAX DBL_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP DBL_MIN DBL_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP FLT_DIG FLT_EPSILON FLT_MANT_DIG FLT_MAX FLT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP FLT_MIN FLT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP FLT_RADIX FLT_ROUNDS LDBL_DIG LDBL_EPSILON LDBL_MANT_DIG LDBL_MAX LDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP LDBL_MIN LDBL_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP - -=back - -=head1 LIMITS - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -ARG_MAX CHAR_BIT CHAR_MAX CHAR_MIN CHILD_MAX INT_MAX INT_MIN LINK_MAX LONG_MAX LONG_MIN MAX_CANON MAX_INPUT MB_LEN_MAX NAME_MAX NGROUPS_MAX OPEN_MAX PATH_MAX PIPE_BUF SCHAR_MAX SCHAR_MIN SHRT_MAX SHRT_MIN SSIZE_MAX STREAM_MAX TZNAME_MAX UCHAR_MAX UINT_MAX ULONG_MAX USHRT_MAX - -=back - -=head1 LOCALE - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME - -=back - -=head1 MATH - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -HUGE_VAL - -=back - -=head1 SIGNAL - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -SA_NOCLDSTOP SA_NOCLDWAIT SA_NODEFER SA_ONSTACK SA_RESETHAND SA_RESTART -SA_SIGINFO SIGABRT SIGALRM SIGCHLD SIGCONT SIGFPE SIGHUP SIGILL SIGINT -SIGKILL SIGPIPE SIGQUIT SIGSEGV SIGSTOP SIGTERM SIGTSTP SIGTTIN SIGTTOU -SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2 SIG_BLOCK SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_IGN SIG_SETMASK -SIG_UNBLOCK - -=back - -=head1 STAT - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -S_IRGRP S_IROTH S_IRUSR S_IRWXG S_IRWXO S_IRWXU S_ISGID S_ISUID S_IWGRP S_IWOTH S_IWUSR S_IXGRP S_IXOTH S_IXUSR - -=item Macros - -S_ISBLK S_ISCHR S_ISDIR S_ISFIFO S_ISREG - -=back - -=head1 STDLIB - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS MB_CUR_MAX RAND_MAX - -=back - -=head1 STDIO - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -BUFSIZ EOF FILENAME_MAX L_ctermid L_cuserid L_tmpname TMP_MAX - -=back - -=head1 TIME - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -CLK_TCK CLOCKS_PER_SEC - -=back - -=head1 UNISTD - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -R_OK SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET STDIN_FILENO STDOUT_FILENO STDERR_FILENO W_OK X_OK - -=back - -=head1 WAIT - -=over 8 - -=item Constants - -WNOHANG WUNTRACED - -=item Macros - -WIFEXITED WEXITSTATUS WIFSIGNALED WTERMSIG WIFSTOPPED WSTOPSIG - -=back - |
