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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
-<html>
-<head>
-<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
-"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-<meta name="GENERATOR" content=
-"Mozilla/4.01 [en] (Win95; I) [Netscape]">
-<title>Undisciplined Local Clock</title>
-</head>
-<body>
-<h3>Undisciplined Local Clock</h3>
-
-<hr>
-<h4>Synopsis</h4>
-
-Address: 127.127.1.<i>u</i> <br>
-Reference ID: <tt>LCL</tt> <br>
-Driver ID: <tt>LOCAL</tt>
-
-<h4>Description</h4>
-
-<p>This driver is intended for use in an isolated network where no
-external source of synchronization such as a radio clock or modem
-is available. It allows a designated time server to act as a
-primary server to provide synchronization to other clients on the
-network. Pick a machine that has a good clock oscillator (Digital
-machines are good, Sun machines are not) and configure it with this
-driver. Set the clock using the best means available, like
-eyeball-and-wristwatch. Then, point all the other machines at this
-one or use broadcast (not multicast) mode to distribute time.</p>
-
-<p>Another application for this driver is if a particular server
-clock is to be used as the clock of last resort when all other
-normal synchronization sources have gone away. This is especially
-useful if that server has an ovenized oscillator. For this you
-would configure this driver at a stratum greater than any other
-likely sources of time (say 3 or 4) to prevent the server taking
-over when legitimate sources are still available.</p>
-
-<p>A third application for this driver is when an external
-discipline source is available, such as the NIST <tt>lockclock</tt>
-program, which synchronizes the local clock via a telephone modem
-and the NIST Automated Computer Time Service (ACTS), or the Digital
-Time Synchronization Service (DTSS), which runs on DCE machines. In
-this case the stratum should be set at zero, indicating a bona fide
-stratum-1 source. In the case of DTSS, the local clock can have a
-rather large jitter, depending on the interval between corrections
-and the intrinsic frequency error of the clock oscillator. In
-extreme cases, this can cause clients to exceed the 128-ms slew
-window and drop off the NTP subnet.</p>
-
-<p>In the case where a NTP time server is synchronized to some
-device or protocol that is not external to the NTP daemon itself,
-some means should be provided to pass such things as error and
-health values to the NTP daemon for dissemination to its clients.
-If this is not done, there is a very real danger that the device or
-protocol could fail and with no means to tell NTP clients of the
-mishap. When ordinary Unix system calls like <tt>adjtime()</tt> are
-used to discipline the kernel clock, there is no obvious way this
-can be done without modifying the code for each case. However, when
-a modified kernel with the <tt>ntp_adjtime()</tt> system call&nbsp;
-is available, that routine can be used for the same purpose as the
-<tt>adjtime()</tt> routine and in addition provided with the
-estimated error, maximum error, and leap-indicator values. This is
-the preferred way to synchronize the kernel clock and pass
-information to the NTP clients.</p>
-
-<p>In the default mode the behavior of the clock selection
-algorithm is modified when this driver is in use. The algorithm is
-designed so that this driver will never be selected unless no other
-discipline source is available. This can be overridden with the
-<tt>prefer</tt> keyword of the <tt>server</tt> configuration
-command, in which case only this driver will be selected for
-synchronization and all other discipline sources will be ignored.
-This behavior is intended for use when an external discipline
-source controls the system clock. See the <a href="prefer.htm">
-Mitigation Rules and the <tt>prefer</tt> Keyword</a> page for a
-detailed description of the exact behavior.</p>
-
-<p>The stratum for this driver is set at 3 by default, but can be
-changed by the <tt>fudge</tt> configuration command and/or the <tt>
-ntpdc</tt> utility. The reference ID is <tt>LCL</tt> by default,
-but can be changed using the same mechanisms. <b>*NEVER*</b>
-configure this driver to operate at a stratum which might possibly
-disrupt a client with access to a bona fide primary server, unless
-the local clock oscillator is reliably disciplined by another
-source. <b>*NEVER NEVER*</b> configure a server which might devolve
-to an undisciplined local clock to use multicast mode.</p>
-
-<p>This driver provides a mechanism to trim the local clock in both
-time and frequency, as well as a way to manipulate the leap bits.
-The <tt>fudge time1</tt> parameter adjusts the time (in seconds)
-and the <tt>fudge time2</tt> parameter adjusts the frequency (in
-parts per million). Both parameters are additive and operate only
-once; that is, each command (as from <tt>ntpdc</tt>) adds signed
-increments in time or frequency to the nominal local clock time and
-frequency.</p>
-
-<h4>Monitor Data</h4>
-
-No <tt>filegen clockstats</tt> monitor data are produced by this
-driver.
-
-<h4>Fudge Factors</h4>
-
-<dl>
-<dt><tt>time1 <i>time</i></tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Specifies the time offset calibration factor, in seconds and
-fraction, with default 0.0.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>time2 <i>time</i></tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Specifies the frequency offset calibration factor, in parts per
-million, with default 0.0.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>stratum <i>number</i></tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Specifies the driver stratum, in decimal from 0 to 15, with
-default 3.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>refid <i>string</i></tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Specifies the driver reference identifier, an ASCII string from
-one to four characters, with default <tt>LCL</tt>.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>flag1 0 | 1</tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Not used by this driver.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>flag2 0 | 1</tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Not used by this driver.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>flag3 0 | 1</tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Not used by this driver.</dd>
-
-<dt><tt>flag4 0 | 1</tt></dt>
-
-<dd>Not used by this driver.</dd>
-</dl>
-
-<p>Additional Information</p>
-
-<p><a href="refclock.htm">Reference Clock Drivers</a></p>
-
-<hr>
-<a href="index.htm"><img align="left" src="pic/home.gif" alt=
-"gif"></a>
-
-<address><a href="mailto:mills@udel.edu">David L. Mills
-&lt;mills@udel.edu&gt;</a></address>
-</body>
-</html>
-
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