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+//=- LiveVariables.cpp - Live Variable Analysis for Source CFGs -*- C++ --*-==//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements Live Variables analysis for source-level CFGs.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "clang/Analysis/Analyses/LiveVariables.h"
+#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
+#include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
+#include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/CFG.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/Visitors/CFGRecStmtDeclVisitor.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/FlowSensitive/DataflowSolver.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/Support/SaveAndRestore.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/AnalysisContext.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+
+using namespace clang;
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Useful constants.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+static const bool Alive = true;
+static const bool Dead = false;
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Dataflow initialization logic.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+namespace {
+class RegisterDecls
+ : public CFGRecStmtDeclVisitor<RegisterDecls> {
+
+ LiveVariables::AnalysisDataTy& AD;
+
+ typedef llvm::SmallVector<VarDecl*, 20> AlwaysLiveTy;
+ AlwaysLiveTy AlwaysLive;
+
+
+public:
+ RegisterDecls(LiveVariables::AnalysisDataTy& ad) : AD(ad) {}
+
+ ~RegisterDecls() {
+
+ AD.AlwaysLive.resetValues(AD);
+
+ for (AlwaysLiveTy::iterator I = AlwaysLive.begin(), E = AlwaysLive.end();
+ I != E; ++ I)
+ AD.AlwaysLive(*I, AD) = Alive;
+ }
+
+ void VisitImplicitParamDecl(ImplicitParamDecl* IPD) {
+ // Register the VarDecl for tracking.
+ AD.Register(IPD);
+ }
+
+ void VisitVarDecl(VarDecl* VD) {
+ // Register the VarDecl for tracking.
+ AD.Register(VD);
+
+ // Does the variable have global storage? If so, it is always live.
+ if (VD->hasGlobalStorage())
+ AlwaysLive.push_back(VD);
+ }
+
+ CFG& getCFG() { return AD.getCFG(); }
+};
+} // end anonymous namespace
+
+LiveVariables::LiveVariables(AnalysisContext &AC) {
+ // Register all referenced VarDecls.
+ CFG &cfg = *AC.getCFG();
+ getAnalysisData().setCFG(cfg);
+ getAnalysisData().setContext(AC.getASTContext());
+ getAnalysisData().AC = &AC;
+
+ RegisterDecls R(getAnalysisData());
+ cfg.VisitBlockStmts(R);
+
+ // Register all parameters even if they didn't occur in the function body.
+ if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(AC.getDecl()))
+ for (FunctionDecl::param_const_iterator PI = FD->param_begin(),
+ PE = FD->param_end(); PI != PE; ++PI)
+ getAnalysisData().Register(*PI);
+}
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Transfer functions.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+namespace {
+
+class TransferFuncs : public CFGRecStmtVisitor<TransferFuncs>{
+ LiveVariables::AnalysisDataTy& AD;
+ LiveVariables::ValTy LiveState;
+public:
+ TransferFuncs(LiveVariables::AnalysisDataTy& ad) : AD(ad) {}
+
+ LiveVariables::ValTy& getVal() { return LiveState; }
+ CFG& getCFG() { return AD.getCFG(); }
+
+ void VisitDeclRefExpr(DeclRefExpr* DR);
+ void VisitBinaryOperator(BinaryOperator* B);
+ void VisitBlockExpr(BlockExpr *B);
+ void VisitAssign(BinaryOperator* B);
+ void VisitDeclStmt(DeclStmt* DS);
+ void BlockStmt_VisitObjCForCollectionStmt(ObjCForCollectionStmt* S);
+ void VisitUnaryOperator(UnaryOperator* U);
+ void Visit(Stmt *S);
+ void VisitTerminator(CFGBlock* B);
+
+ /// VisitConditionVariableInit - Handle the initialization of condition
+ /// variables at branches. Valid statements include IfStmt, ForStmt,
+ /// WhileStmt, and SwitchStmt.
+ void VisitConditionVariableInit(Stmt *S);
+
+ void SetTopValue(LiveVariables::ValTy& V) {
+ V = AD.AlwaysLive;
+ }
+
+};
+
+void TransferFuncs::Visit(Stmt *S) {
+
+ if (S == getCurrentBlkStmt()) {
+
+ if (AD.Observer)
+ AD.Observer->ObserveStmt(S,AD,LiveState);
+
+ if (getCFG().isBlkExpr(S))
+ LiveState(S, AD) = Dead;
+
+ StmtVisitor<TransferFuncs,void>::Visit(S);
+ }
+ else if (!getCFG().isBlkExpr(S)) {
+
+ if (AD.Observer)
+ AD.Observer->ObserveStmt(S,AD,LiveState);
+
+ StmtVisitor<TransferFuncs,void>::Visit(S);
+
+ }
+ else {
+ // For block-level expressions, mark that they are live.
+ LiveState(S,AD) = Alive;
+ }
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitConditionVariableInit(Stmt *S) {
+ assert(!getCFG().isBlkExpr(S));
+ CFGRecStmtVisitor<TransferFuncs>::VisitConditionVariableInit(S);
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitTerminator(CFGBlock* B) {
+
+ const Stmt* E = B->getTerminatorCondition();
+
+ if (!E)
+ return;
+
+ assert (getCFG().isBlkExpr(E));
+ LiveState(E, AD) = Alive;
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitDeclRefExpr(DeclRefExpr* DR) {
+ if (VarDecl* V = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl()))
+ LiveState(V, AD) = Alive;
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitBlockExpr(BlockExpr *BE) {
+ AnalysisContext::referenced_decls_iterator I, E;
+ llvm::tie(I, E) = AD.AC->getReferencedBlockVars(BE->getBlockDecl());
+ for ( ; I != E ; ++I) {
+ DeclBitVector_Types::Idx i = AD.getIdx(*I);
+ if (i.isValid())
+ LiveState.getBit(i) = Alive;
+ }
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitBinaryOperator(BinaryOperator* B) {
+ if (B->isAssignmentOp()) VisitAssign(B);
+ else VisitStmt(B);
+}
+
+void
+TransferFuncs::BlockStmt_VisitObjCForCollectionStmt(ObjCForCollectionStmt* S) {
+
+ // This is a block-level expression. Its value is 'dead' before this point.
+ LiveState(S, AD) = Dead;
+
+ // This represents a 'use' of the collection.
+ Visit(S->getCollection());
+
+ // This represents a 'kill' for the variable.
+ Stmt* Element = S->getElement();
+ DeclRefExpr* DR = 0;
+ VarDecl* VD = 0;
+
+ if (DeclStmt* DS = dyn_cast<DeclStmt>(Element))
+ VD = cast<VarDecl>(DS->getSingleDecl());
+ else {
+ Expr* ElemExpr = cast<Expr>(Element)->IgnoreParens();
+ if ((DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(ElemExpr)))
+ VD = cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl());
+ else {
+ Visit(ElemExpr);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (VD) {
+ LiveState(VD, AD) = Dead;
+ if (AD.Observer && DR) { AD.Observer->ObserverKill(DR); }
+ }
+}
+
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitUnaryOperator(UnaryOperator* U) {
+ Expr *E = U->getSubExpr();
+
+ switch (U->getOpcode()) {
+ case UnaryOperator::PostInc:
+ case UnaryOperator::PostDec:
+ case UnaryOperator::PreInc:
+ case UnaryOperator::PreDec:
+ // Walk through the subexpressions, blasting through ParenExprs
+ // until we either find a DeclRefExpr or some non-DeclRefExpr
+ // expression.
+ if (DeclRefExpr* DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E->IgnoreParens()))
+ if (VarDecl* VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) {
+ // Treat the --/++ operator as a kill.
+ if (AD.Observer) { AD.Observer->ObserverKill(DR); }
+ LiveState(VD, AD) = Alive;
+ return VisitDeclRefExpr(DR);
+ }
+
+ // Fall-through.
+
+ default:
+ return Visit(E);
+ }
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitAssign(BinaryOperator* B) {
+ Expr* LHS = B->getLHS();
+
+ // Assigning to a variable?
+ if (DeclRefExpr* DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(LHS->IgnoreParens())) {
+
+ // Update liveness inforamtion.
+ unsigned bit = AD.getIdx(DR->getDecl());
+ LiveState.getDeclBit(bit) = Dead | AD.AlwaysLive.getDeclBit(bit);
+
+ if (AD.Observer) { AD.Observer->ObserverKill(DR); }
+
+ // Handle things like +=, etc., which also generate "uses"
+ // of a variable. Do this just by visiting the subexpression.
+ if (B->getOpcode() != BinaryOperator::Assign)
+ VisitDeclRefExpr(DR);
+ }
+ else // Not assigning to a variable. Process LHS as usual.
+ Visit(LHS);
+
+ Visit(B->getRHS());
+}
+
+void TransferFuncs::VisitDeclStmt(DeclStmt* DS) {
+ // Declarations effectively "kill" a variable since they cannot
+ // possibly be live before they are declared.
+ for (DeclStmt::decl_iterator DI=DS->decl_begin(), DE = DS->decl_end();
+ DI != DE; ++DI)
+ if (VarDecl* VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(*DI)) {
+ // Update liveness information by killing the VarDecl.
+ unsigned bit = AD.getIdx(VD);
+ LiveState.getDeclBit(bit) = Dead | AD.AlwaysLive.getDeclBit(bit);
+
+ // The initializer is evaluated after the variable comes into scope, but
+ // before the DeclStmt (which binds the value to the variable).
+ // Since this is a reverse dataflow analysis, we must evaluate the
+ // transfer function for this expression after the DeclStmt. If the
+ // initializer references the variable (which is bad) then we extend
+ // its liveness.
+ if (Expr* Init = VD->getInit())
+ Visit(Init);
+
+ if (const VariableArrayType* VT =
+ AD.getContext().getAsVariableArrayType(VD->getType())) {
+ StmtIterator I(const_cast<VariableArrayType*>(VT));
+ StmtIterator E;
+ for (; I != E; ++I) Visit(*I);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+} // end anonymous namespace
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Merge operator: if something is live on any successor block, it is live
+// in the current block (a set union).
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+namespace {
+ typedef StmtDeclBitVector_Types::Union Merge;
+ typedef DataflowSolver<LiveVariables, TransferFuncs, Merge> Solver;
+} // end anonymous namespace
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// External interface to run Liveness analysis.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+void LiveVariables::runOnCFG(CFG& cfg) {
+ Solver S(*this);
+ S.runOnCFG(cfg);
+}
+
+void LiveVariables::runOnAllBlocks(const CFG& cfg,
+ LiveVariables::ObserverTy* Obs,
+ bool recordStmtValues) {
+ Solver S(*this);
+ SaveAndRestore<LiveVariables::ObserverTy*> SRObs(getAnalysisData().Observer,
+ Obs);
+ S.runOnAllBlocks(cfg, recordStmtValues);
+}
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// liveness queries
+//
+
+bool LiveVariables::isLive(const CFGBlock* B, const VarDecl* D) const {
+ DeclBitVector_Types::Idx i = getAnalysisData().getIdx(D);
+ return i.isValid() ? getBlockData(B).getBit(i) : false;
+}
+
+bool LiveVariables::isLive(const ValTy& Live, const VarDecl* D) const {
+ DeclBitVector_Types::Idx i = getAnalysisData().getIdx(D);
+ return i.isValid() ? Live.getBit(i) : false;
+}
+
+bool LiveVariables::isLive(const Stmt* Loc, const Stmt* StmtVal) const {
+ return getStmtData(Loc)(StmtVal,getAnalysisData());
+}
+
+bool LiveVariables::isLive(const Stmt* Loc, const VarDecl* D) const {
+ return getStmtData(Loc)(D,getAnalysisData());
+}
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// printing liveness state for debugging
+//
+
+void LiveVariables::dumpLiveness(const ValTy& V, const SourceManager& SM) const {
+ const AnalysisDataTy& AD = getAnalysisData();
+
+ for (AnalysisDataTy::decl_iterator I = AD.begin_decl(),
+ E = AD.end_decl(); I!=E; ++I)
+ if (V.getDeclBit(I->second)) {
+ llvm::errs() << " " << I->first->getIdentifier()->getName() << " <";
+ I->first->getLocation().dump(SM);
+ llvm::errs() << ">\n";
+ }
+}
+
+void LiveVariables::dumpBlockLiveness(const SourceManager& M) const {
+ for (BlockDataMapTy::const_iterator I = getBlockDataMap().begin(),
+ E = getBlockDataMap().end(); I!=E; ++I) {
+ llvm::errs() << "\n[ B" << I->first->getBlockID()
+ << " (live variables at block exit) ]\n";
+ dumpLiveness(I->second,M);
+ }
+
+ llvm::errs() << "\n";
+}
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