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+//===-- StructRetPromotion.cpp - Promote sret arguments ------------------===//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This pass finds functions that return a struct (using a pointer to the struct
+// as the first argument of the function, marked with the 'sret' attribute) and
+// replaces them with a new function that simply returns each of the elements of
+// that struct (using multiple return values).
+//
+// This pass works under a number of conditions:
+// 1. The returned struct must not contain other structs
+// 2. The returned struct must only be used to load values from
+// 3. The placeholder struct passed in is the result of an alloca
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "sretpromotion"
+#include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
+#include "llvm/Constants.h"
+#include "llvm/DerivedTypes.h"
+#include "llvm/LLVMContext.h"
+#include "llvm/Module.h"
+#include "llvm/CallGraphSCCPass.h"
+#include "llvm/Instructions.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/CallSite.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/CFG.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+using namespace llvm;
+
+STATISTIC(NumRejectedSRETUses , "Number of sret rejected due to unexpected uses");
+STATISTIC(NumSRET , "Number of sret promoted");
+namespace {
+ /// SRETPromotion - This pass removes sret parameter and updates
+ /// function to use multiple return value.
+ ///
+ struct SRETPromotion : public CallGraphSCCPass {
+ virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
+ CallGraphSCCPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
+ }
+
+ virtual bool runOnSCC(CallGraphSCC &SCC);
+ static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
+ SRETPromotion() : CallGraphSCCPass(&ID) {}
+
+ private:
+ CallGraphNode *PromoteReturn(CallGraphNode *CGN);
+ bool isSafeToUpdateAllCallers(Function *F);
+ Function *cloneFunctionBody(Function *F, const StructType *STy);
+ CallGraphNode *updateCallSites(Function *F, Function *NF);
+ bool nestedStructType(const StructType *STy);
+ };
+}
+
+char SRETPromotion::ID = 0;
+static RegisterPass<SRETPromotion>
+X("sretpromotion", "Promote sret arguments to multiple ret values");
+
+Pass *llvm::createStructRetPromotionPass() {
+ return new SRETPromotion();
+}
+
+bool SRETPromotion::runOnSCC(CallGraphSCC &SCC) {
+ bool Changed = false;
+
+ for (CallGraphSCC::iterator I = SCC.begin(), E = SCC.end(); I != E; ++I)
+ if (CallGraphNode *NewNode = PromoteReturn(*I)) {
+ SCC.ReplaceNode(*I, NewNode);
+ Changed = true;
+ }
+
+ return Changed;
+}
+
+/// PromoteReturn - This method promotes function that uses StructRet paramater
+/// into a function that uses multiple return values.
+CallGraphNode *SRETPromotion::PromoteReturn(CallGraphNode *CGN) {
+ Function *F = CGN->getFunction();
+
+ if (!F || F->isDeclaration() || !F->hasLocalLinkage())
+ return 0;
+
+ // Make sure that function returns struct.
+ if (F->arg_size() == 0 || !F->hasStructRetAttr() || F->doesNotReturn())
+ return 0;
+
+ DEBUG(dbgs() << "SretPromotion: Looking at sret function "
+ << F->getName() << "\n");
+
+ assert(F->getReturnType()->isVoidTy() && "Invalid function return type");
+ Function::arg_iterator AI = F->arg_begin();
+ const llvm::PointerType *FArgType = dyn_cast<PointerType>(AI->getType());
+ assert(FArgType && "Invalid sret parameter type");
+ const llvm::StructType *STy =
+ dyn_cast<StructType>(FArgType->getElementType());
+ assert(STy && "Invalid sret parameter element type");
+
+ // Check if it is ok to perform this promotion.
+ if (isSafeToUpdateAllCallers(F) == false) {
+ DEBUG(dbgs() << "SretPromotion: Not all callers can be updated\n");
+ NumRejectedSRETUses++;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ DEBUG(dbgs() << "SretPromotion: sret argument will be promoted\n");
+ NumSRET++;
+ // [1] Replace use of sret parameter
+ AllocaInst *TheAlloca = new AllocaInst(STy, NULL, "mrv",
+ F->getEntryBlock().begin());
+ Value *NFirstArg = F->arg_begin();
+ NFirstArg->replaceAllUsesWith(TheAlloca);
+
+ // [2] Find and replace ret instructions
+ for (Function::iterator FI = F->begin(), FE = F->end(); FI != FE; ++FI)
+ for(BasicBlock::iterator BI = FI->begin(), BE = FI->end(); BI != BE; ) {
+ Instruction *I = BI;
+ ++BI;
+ if (isa<ReturnInst>(I)) {
+ Value *NV = new LoadInst(TheAlloca, "mrv.ld", I);
+ ReturnInst *NR = ReturnInst::Create(F->getContext(), NV, I);
+ I->replaceAllUsesWith(NR);
+ I->eraseFromParent();
+ }
+ }
+
+ // [3] Create the new function body and insert it into the module.
+ Function *NF = cloneFunctionBody(F, STy);
+
+ // [4] Update all call sites to use new function
+ CallGraphNode *NF_CFN = updateCallSites(F, NF);
+
+ CallGraph &CG = getAnalysis<CallGraph>();
+ NF_CFN->stealCalledFunctionsFrom(CG[F]);
+
+ delete CG.removeFunctionFromModule(F);
+ return NF_CFN;
+}
+
+// Check if it is ok to perform this promotion.
+bool SRETPromotion::isSafeToUpdateAllCallers(Function *F) {
+
+ if (F->use_empty())
+ // No users. OK to modify signature.
+ return true;
+
+ for (Value::use_iterator FnUseI = F->use_begin(), FnUseE = F->use_end();
+ FnUseI != FnUseE; ++FnUseI) {
+ // The function is passed in as an argument to (possibly) another function,
+ // we can't change it!
+ CallSite CS = CallSite::get(*FnUseI);
+ Instruction *Call = CS.getInstruction();
+ // The function is used by something else than a call or invoke instruction,
+ // we can't change it!
+ if (!Call || !CS.isCallee(FnUseI))
+ return false;
+ CallSite::arg_iterator AI = CS.arg_begin();
+ Value *FirstArg = *AI;
+
+ if (!isa<AllocaInst>(FirstArg))
+ return false;
+
+ // Check FirstArg's users.
+ for (Value::use_iterator ArgI = FirstArg->use_begin(),
+ ArgE = FirstArg->use_end(); ArgI != ArgE; ++ArgI) {
+
+ // If FirstArg user is a CallInst that does not correspond to current
+ // call site then this function F is not suitable for sret promotion.
+ if (CallInst *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(ArgI)) {
+ if (CI != Call)
+ return false;
+ }
+ // If FirstArg user is a GEP whose all users are not LoadInst then
+ // this function F is not suitable for sret promotion.
+ else if (GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(ArgI)) {
+ // TODO : Use dom info and insert PHINodes to collect get results
+ // from multiple call sites for this GEP.
+ if (GEP->getParent() != Call->getParent())
+ return false;
+ for (Value::use_iterator GEPI = GEP->use_begin(), GEPE = GEP->use_end();
+ GEPI != GEPE; ++GEPI)
+ if (!isa<LoadInst>(GEPI))
+ return false;
+ }
+ // Any other FirstArg users make this function unsuitable for sret
+ // promotion.
+ else
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+/// cloneFunctionBody - Create a new function based on F and
+/// insert it into module. Remove first argument. Use STy as
+/// the return type for new function.
+Function *SRETPromotion::cloneFunctionBody(Function *F,
+ const StructType *STy) {
+
+ const FunctionType *FTy = F->getFunctionType();
+ std::vector<const Type*> Params;
+
+ // Attributes - Keep track of the parameter attributes for the arguments.
+ SmallVector<AttributeWithIndex, 8> AttributesVec;
+ const AttrListPtr &PAL = F->getAttributes();
+
+ // Add any return attributes.
+ if (Attributes attrs = PAL.getRetAttributes())
+ AttributesVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(0, attrs));
+
+ // Skip first argument.
+ Function::arg_iterator I = F->arg_begin(), E = F->arg_end();
+ ++I;
+ // 0th parameter attribute is reserved for return type.
+ // 1th parameter attribute is for first 1st sret argument.
+ unsigned ParamIndex = 2;
+ while (I != E) {
+ Params.push_back(I->getType());
+ if (Attributes Attrs = PAL.getParamAttributes(ParamIndex))
+ AttributesVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(ParamIndex - 1, Attrs));
+ ++I;
+ ++ParamIndex;
+ }
+
+ // Add any fn attributes.
+ if (Attributes attrs = PAL.getFnAttributes())
+ AttributesVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(~0, attrs));
+
+
+ FunctionType *NFTy = FunctionType::get(STy, Params, FTy->isVarArg());
+ Function *NF = Function::Create(NFTy, F->getLinkage());
+ NF->takeName(F);
+ NF->copyAttributesFrom(F);
+ NF->setAttributes(AttrListPtr::get(AttributesVec.begin(), AttributesVec.end()));
+ F->getParent()->getFunctionList().insert(F, NF);
+ NF->getBasicBlockList().splice(NF->begin(), F->getBasicBlockList());
+
+ // Replace arguments
+ I = F->arg_begin();
+ E = F->arg_end();
+ Function::arg_iterator NI = NF->arg_begin();
+ ++I;
+ while (I != E) {
+ I->replaceAllUsesWith(NI);
+ NI->takeName(I);
+ ++I;
+ ++NI;
+ }
+
+ return NF;
+}
+
+/// updateCallSites - Update all sites that call F to use NF.
+CallGraphNode *SRETPromotion::updateCallSites(Function *F, Function *NF) {
+ CallGraph &CG = getAnalysis<CallGraph>();
+ SmallVector<Value*, 16> Args;
+
+ // Attributes - Keep track of the parameter attributes for the arguments.
+ SmallVector<AttributeWithIndex, 8> ArgAttrsVec;
+
+ // Get a new callgraph node for NF.
+ CallGraphNode *NF_CGN = CG.getOrInsertFunction(NF);
+
+ while (!F->use_empty()) {
+ CallSite CS = CallSite::get(*F->use_begin());
+ Instruction *Call = CS.getInstruction();
+
+ const AttrListPtr &PAL = F->getAttributes();
+ // Add any return attributes.
+ if (Attributes attrs = PAL.getRetAttributes())
+ ArgAttrsVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(0, attrs));
+
+ // Copy arguments, however skip first one.
+ CallSite::arg_iterator AI = CS.arg_begin(), AE = CS.arg_end();
+ Value *FirstCArg = *AI;
+ ++AI;
+ // 0th parameter attribute is reserved for return type.
+ // 1th parameter attribute is for first 1st sret argument.
+ unsigned ParamIndex = 2;
+ while (AI != AE) {
+ Args.push_back(*AI);
+ if (Attributes Attrs = PAL.getParamAttributes(ParamIndex))
+ ArgAttrsVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(ParamIndex - 1, Attrs));
+ ++ParamIndex;
+ ++AI;
+ }
+
+ // Add any function attributes.
+ if (Attributes attrs = PAL.getFnAttributes())
+ ArgAttrsVec.push_back(AttributeWithIndex::get(~0, attrs));
+
+ AttrListPtr NewPAL = AttrListPtr::get(ArgAttrsVec.begin(), ArgAttrsVec.end());
+
+ // Build new call instruction.
+ Instruction *New;
+ if (InvokeInst *II = dyn_cast<InvokeInst>(Call)) {
+ New = InvokeInst::Create(NF, II->getNormalDest(), II->getUnwindDest(),
+ Args.begin(), Args.end(), "", Call);
+ cast<InvokeInst>(New)->setCallingConv(CS.getCallingConv());
+ cast<InvokeInst>(New)->setAttributes(NewPAL);
+ } else {
+ New = CallInst::Create(NF, Args.begin(), Args.end(), "", Call);
+ cast<CallInst>(New)->setCallingConv(CS.getCallingConv());
+ cast<CallInst>(New)->setAttributes(NewPAL);
+ if (cast<CallInst>(Call)->isTailCall())
+ cast<CallInst>(New)->setTailCall();
+ }
+ Args.clear();
+ ArgAttrsVec.clear();
+ New->takeName(Call);
+
+ // Update the callgraph to know that the callsite has been transformed.
+ CallGraphNode *CalleeNode = CG[Call->getParent()->getParent()];
+ CalleeNode->removeCallEdgeFor(Call);
+ CalleeNode->addCalledFunction(New, NF_CGN);
+
+ // Update all users of sret parameter to extract value using extractvalue.
+ for (Value::use_iterator UI = FirstCArg->use_begin(),
+ UE = FirstCArg->use_end(); UI != UE; ) {
+ User *U2 = *UI++;
+ CallInst *C2 = dyn_cast<CallInst>(U2);
+ if (C2 && (C2 == Call))
+ continue;
+
+ GetElementPtrInst *UGEP = cast<GetElementPtrInst>(U2);
+ ConstantInt *Idx = cast<ConstantInt>(UGEP->getOperand(2));
+ Value *GR = ExtractValueInst::Create(New, Idx->getZExtValue(),
+ "evi", UGEP);
+ while(!UGEP->use_empty()) {
+ // isSafeToUpdateAllCallers has checked that all GEP uses are
+ // LoadInsts
+ LoadInst *L = cast<LoadInst>(*UGEP->use_begin());
+ L->replaceAllUsesWith(GR);
+ L->eraseFromParent();
+ }
+ UGEP->eraseFromParent();
+ continue;
+ }
+ Call->eraseFromParent();
+ }
+
+ return NF_CGN;
+}
+
+/// nestedStructType - Return true if STy includes any
+/// other aggregate types
+bool SRETPromotion::nestedStructType(const StructType *STy) {
+ unsigned Num = STy->getNumElements();
+ for (unsigned i = 0; i < Num; i++) {
+ const Type *Ty = STy->getElementType(i);
+ if (!Ty->isSingleValueType() && !Ty->isVoidTy())
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+}
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