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+//===- CostModel.cpp ------ Cost Model Analysis ---------------------------===//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file defines the cost model analysis. It provides a very basic cost
+// estimation for LLVM-IR. This analysis uses the services of the codegen
+// to approximate the cost of any IR instruction when lowered to machine
+// instructions. The cost results are unit-less and the cost number represents
+// the throughput of the machine assuming that all loads hit the cache, all
+// branches are predicted, etc. The cost numbers can be added in order to
+// compare two or more transformation alternatives.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#define CM_NAME "cost-model"
+#define DEBUG_TYPE CM_NAME
+#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/Passes.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
+#include "llvm/Pass.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+using namespace llvm;
+
+static cl::opt<bool> EnableReduxCost("costmodel-reduxcost", cl::init(false),
+ cl::Hidden,
+ cl::desc("Recognize reduction patterns."));
+
+namespace {
+ class CostModelAnalysis : public FunctionPass {
+
+ public:
+ static char ID; // Class identification, replacement for typeinfo
+ CostModelAnalysis() : FunctionPass(ID), F(0), TTI(0) {
+ initializeCostModelAnalysisPass(
+ *PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
+ }
+
+ /// Returns the expected cost of the instruction.
+ /// Returns -1 if the cost is unknown.
+ /// Note, this method does not cache the cost calculation and it
+ /// can be expensive in some cases.
+ unsigned getInstructionCost(const Instruction *I) const;
+
+ private:
+ virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const;
+ virtual bool runOnFunction(Function &F);
+ virtual void print(raw_ostream &OS, const Module*) const;
+
+ /// The function that we analyze.
+ Function *F;
+ /// Target information.
+ const TargetTransformInfo *TTI;
+ };
+} // End of anonymous namespace
+
+// Register this pass.
+char CostModelAnalysis::ID = 0;
+static const char cm_name[] = "Cost Model Analysis";
+INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(CostModelAnalysis, CM_NAME, cm_name, false, true)
+INITIALIZE_PASS_END (CostModelAnalysis, CM_NAME, cm_name, false, true)
+
+FunctionPass *llvm::createCostModelAnalysisPass() {
+ return new CostModelAnalysis();
+}
+
+void
+CostModelAnalysis::getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
+ AU.setPreservesAll();
+}
+
+bool
+CostModelAnalysis::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
+ this->F = &F;
+ TTI = getAnalysisIfAvailable<TargetTransformInfo>();
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+static bool isReverseVectorMask(SmallVectorImpl<int> &Mask) {
+ for (unsigned i = 0, MaskSize = Mask.size(); i < MaskSize; ++i)
+ if (Mask[i] > 0 && Mask[i] != (int)(MaskSize - 1 - i))
+ return false;
+ return true;
+}
+
+static TargetTransformInfo::OperandValueKind getOperandInfo(Value *V) {
+ TargetTransformInfo::OperandValueKind OpInfo =
+ TargetTransformInfo::OK_AnyValue;
+
+ // Check for a splat of a constant.
+ ConstantDataVector *CDV = 0;
+ if ((CDV = dyn_cast<ConstantDataVector>(V)))
+ if (CDV->getSplatValue() != NULL)
+ OpInfo = TargetTransformInfo::OK_UniformConstantValue;
+ ConstantVector *CV = 0;
+ if ((CV = dyn_cast<ConstantVector>(V)))
+ if (CV->getSplatValue() != NULL)
+ OpInfo = TargetTransformInfo::OK_UniformConstantValue;
+
+ return OpInfo;
+}
+
+static bool matchMask(SmallVectorImpl<int> &M1, SmallVectorImpl<int> &M2) {
+ if (M1.size() != M2.size())
+ return false;
+
+ for (unsigned i = 0, e = M1.size(); i != e; ++i)
+ if (M1[i] != M2[i])
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static bool matchPairwiseShuffleMask(ShuffleVectorInst *SI, bool IsLeft,
+ unsigned Level) {
+ // We don't need a shuffle if we just want to have element 0 in position 0 of
+ // the vector.
+ if (!SI && Level == 0 && IsLeft)
+ return true;
+ else if (!SI)
+ return false;
+
+ SmallVector<int, 32> Mask(SI->getType()->getVectorNumElements(), -1);
+
+ // Build a mask of 0, 2, ... (left) or 1, 3, ... (right) depending on whether
+ // we look at the left or right side.
+ for (unsigned i = 0, e = (1 << Level), val = !IsLeft; i != e; ++i, val += 2)
+ Mask[i] = val;
+
+ SmallVector<int, 16> ActualMask = SI->getShuffleMask();
+ if (!matchMask(Mask, ActualMask))
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static bool matchPairwiseReductionAtLevel(const BinaryOperator *BinOp,
+ unsigned Level, unsigned NumLevels) {
+ // Match one level of pairwise operations.
+ // %rdx.shuf.0.0 = shufflevector <4 x float> %rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 0, i32 2 , i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %rdx.shuf.0.1 = shufflevector <4 x float> %rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 1, i32 3, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %bin.rdx.0 = fadd <4 x float> %rdx.shuf.0.0, %rdx.shuf.0.1
+ if (BinOp == 0)
+ return false;
+
+ assert(BinOp->getType()->isVectorTy() && "Expecting a vector type");
+
+ unsigned Opcode = BinOp->getOpcode();
+ Value *L = BinOp->getOperand(0);
+ Value *R = BinOp->getOperand(1);
+
+ ShuffleVectorInst *LS = dyn_cast<ShuffleVectorInst>(L);
+ if (!LS && Level)
+ return false;
+ ShuffleVectorInst *RS = dyn_cast<ShuffleVectorInst>(R);
+ if (!RS && Level)
+ return false;
+
+ // On level 0 we can omit one shufflevector instruction.
+ if (!Level && !RS && !LS)
+ return false;
+
+ // Shuffle inputs must match.
+ Value *NextLevelOpL = LS ? LS->getOperand(0) : 0;
+ Value *NextLevelOpR = RS ? RS->getOperand(0) : 0;
+ Value *NextLevelOp = 0;
+ if (NextLevelOpR && NextLevelOpL) {
+ // If we have two shuffles their operands must match.
+ if (NextLevelOpL != NextLevelOpR)
+ return false;
+
+ NextLevelOp = NextLevelOpL;
+ } else if (Level == 0 && (NextLevelOpR || NextLevelOpL)) {
+ // On the first level we can omit the shufflevector <0, undef,...>. So the
+ // input to the other shufflevector <1, undef> must match with one of the
+ // inputs to the current binary operation.
+ // Example:
+ // %NextLevelOpL = shufflevector %R, <1, undef ...>
+ // %BinOp = fadd %NextLevelOpL, %R
+ if (NextLevelOpL && NextLevelOpL != R)
+ return false;
+ else if (NextLevelOpR && NextLevelOpR != L)
+ return false;
+
+ NextLevelOp = NextLevelOpL ? R : L;
+ } else
+ return false;
+
+ // Check that the next levels binary operation exists and matches with the
+ // current one.
+ BinaryOperator *NextLevelBinOp = 0;
+ if (Level + 1 != NumLevels) {
+ if (!(NextLevelBinOp = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(NextLevelOp)))
+ return false;
+ else if (NextLevelBinOp->getOpcode() != Opcode)
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ // Shuffle mask for pairwise operation must match.
+ if (matchPairwiseShuffleMask(LS, true, Level)) {
+ if (!matchPairwiseShuffleMask(RS, false, Level))
+ return false;
+ } else if (matchPairwiseShuffleMask(RS, true, Level)) {
+ if (!matchPairwiseShuffleMask(LS, false, Level))
+ return false;
+ } else
+ return false;
+
+ if (++Level == NumLevels)
+ return true;
+
+ // Match next level.
+ return matchPairwiseReductionAtLevel(NextLevelBinOp, Level, NumLevels);
+}
+
+static bool matchPairwiseReduction(const ExtractElementInst *ReduxRoot,
+ unsigned &Opcode, Type *&Ty) {
+ if (!EnableReduxCost)
+ return false;
+
+ // Need to extract the first element.
+ ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(ReduxRoot->getOperand(1));
+ unsigned Idx = ~0u;
+ if (CI)
+ Idx = CI->getZExtValue();
+ if (Idx != 0)
+ return false;
+
+ BinaryOperator *RdxStart = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(ReduxRoot->getOperand(0));
+ if (!RdxStart)
+ return false;
+
+ Type *VecTy = ReduxRoot->getOperand(0)->getType();
+ unsigned NumVecElems = VecTy->getVectorNumElements();
+ if (!isPowerOf2_32(NumVecElems))
+ return false;
+
+ // We look for a sequence of shuffle,shuffle,add triples like the following
+ // that builds a pairwise reduction tree.
+ //
+ // (X0, X1, X2, X3)
+ // (X0 + X1, X2 + X3, undef, undef)
+ // ((X0 + X1) + (X2 + X3), undef, undef, undef)
+ //
+ // %rdx.shuf.0.0 = shufflevector <4 x float> %rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 0, i32 2 , i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %rdx.shuf.0.1 = shufflevector <4 x float> %rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 1, i32 3, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %bin.rdx.0 = fadd <4 x float> %rdx.shuf.0.0, %rdx.shuf.0.1
+ // %rdx.shuf.1.0 = shufflevector <4 x float> %bin.rdx.0, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 0, i32 undef, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %rdx.shuf.1.1 = shufflevector <4 x float> %bin.rdx.0, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 1, i32 undef, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %bin.rdx8 = fadd <4 x float> %rdx.shuf.1.0, %rdx.shuf.1.1
+ // %r = extractelement <4 x float> %bin.rdx8, i32 0
+ if (!matchPairwiseReductionAtLevel(RdxStart, 0, Log2_32(NumVecElems)))
+ return false;
+
+ Opcode = RdxStart->getOpcode();
+ Ty = VecTy;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static std::pair<Value *, ShuffleVectorInst *>
+getShuffleAndOtherOprd(BinaryOperator *B) {
+
+ Value *L = B->getOperand(0);
+ Value *R = B->getOperand(1);
+ ShuffleVectorInst *S = 0;
+
+ if ((S = dyn_cast<ShuffleVectorInst>(L)))
+ return std::make_pair(R, S);
+
+ S = dyn_cast<ShuffleVectorInst>(R);
+ return std::make_pair(L, S);
+}
+
+static bool matchVectorSplittingReduction(const ExtractElementInst *ReduxRoot,
+ unsigned &Opcode, Type *&Ty) {
+ if (!EnableReduxCost)
+ return false;
+
+ // Need to extract the first element.
+ ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(ReduxRoot->getOperand(1));
+ unsigned Idx = ~0u;
+ if (CI)
+ Idx = CI->getZExtValue();
+ if (Idx != 0)
+ return false;
+
+ BinaryOperator *RdxStart = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(ReduxRoot->getOperand(0));
+ if (!RdxStart)
+ return false;
+ unsigned RdxOpcode = RdxStart->getOpcode();
+
+ Type *VecTy = ReduxRoot->getOperand(0)->getType();
+ unsigned NumVecElems = VecTy->getVectorNumElements();
+ if (!isPowerOf2_32(NumVecElems))
+ return false;
+
+ // We look for a sequence of shuffles and adds like the following matching one
+ // fadd, shuffle vector pair at a time.
+ //
+ // %rdx.shuf = shufflevector <4 x float> %rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 2, i32 3, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %bin.rdx = fadd <4 x float> %rdx, %rdx.shuf
+ // %rdx.shuf7 = shufflevector <4 x float> %bin.rdx, <4 x float> undef,
+ // <4 x i32> <i32 1, i32 undef, i32 undef, i32 undef>
+ // %bin.rdx8 = fadd <4 x float> %bin.rdx, %rdx.shuf7
+ // %r = extractelement <4 x float> %bin.rdx8, i32 0
+
+ unsigned MaskStart = 1;
+ Value *RdxOp = RdxStart;
+ SmallVector<int, 32> ShuffleMask(NumVecElems, 0);
+ unsigned NumVecElemsRemain = NumVecElems;
+ while (NumVecElemsRemain - 1) {
+ // Check for the right reduction operation.
+ BinaryOperator *BinOp;
+ if (!(BinOp = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(RdxOp)))
+ return false;
+ if (BinOp->getOpcode() != RdxOpcode)
+ return false;
+
+ Value *NextRdxOp;
+ ShuffleVectorInst *Shuffle;
+ tie(NextRdxOp, Shuffle) = getShuffleAndOtherOprd(BinOp);
+
+ // Check the current reduction operation and the shuffle use the same value.
+ if (Shuffle == 0)
+ return false;
+ if (Shuffle->getOperand(0) != NextRdxOp)
+ return false;
+
+ // Check that shuffle masks matches.
+ for (unsigned j = 0; j != MaskStart; ++j)
+ ShuffleMask[j] = MaskStart + j;
+ // Fill the rest of the mask with -1 for undef.
+ std::fill(&ShuffleMask[MaskStart], ShuffleMask.end(), -1);
+
+ SmallVector<int, 16> Mask = Shuffle->getShuffleMask();
+ if (!matchMask(ShuffleMask, Mask))
+ return false;
+
+ RdxOp = NextRdxOp;
+ NumVecElemsRemain /= 2;
+ MaskStart *= 2;
+ }
+
+ Opcode = RdxOpcode;
+ Ty = VecTy;
+ return true;
+}
+
+unsigned CostModelAnalysis::getInstructionCost(const Instruction *I) const {
+ if (!TTI)
+ return -1;
+
+ switch (I->getOpcode()) {
+ case Instruction::GetElementPtr:{
+ Type *ValTy = I->getOperand(0)->getType()->getPointerElementType();
+ return TTI->getAddressComputationCost(ValTy);
+ }
+
+ case Instruction::Ret:
+ case Instruction::PHI:
+ case Instruction::Br: {
+ return TTI->getCFInstrCost(I->getOpcode());
+ }
+ case Instruction::Add:
+ case Instruction::FAdd:
+ case Instruction::Sub:
+ case Instruction::FSub:
+ case Instruction::Mul:
+ case Instruction::FMul:
+ case Instruction::UDiv:
+ case Instruction::SDiv:
+ case Instruction::FDiv:
+ case Instruction::URem:
+ case Instruction::SRem:
+ case Instruction::FRem:
+ case Instruction::Shl:
+ case Instruction::LShr:
+ case Instruction::AShr:
+ case Instruction::And:
+ case Instruction::Or:
+ case Instruction::Xor: {
+ TargetTransformInfo::OperandValueKind Op1VK =
+ getOperandInfo(I->getOperand(0));
+ TargetTransformInfo::OperandValueKind Op2VK =
+ getOperandInfo(I->getOperand(1));
+ return TTI->getArithmeticInstrCost(I->getOpcode(), I->getType(), Op1VK,
+ Op2VK);
+ }
+ case Instruction::Select: {
+ const SelectInst *SI = cast<SelectInst>(I);
+ Type *CondTy = SI->getCondition()->getType();
+ return TTI->getCmpSelInstrCost(I->getOpcode(), I->getType(), CondTy);
+ }
+ case Instruction::ICmp:
+ case Instruction::FCmp: {
+ Type *ValTy = I->getOperand(0)->getType();
+ return TTI->getCmpSelInstrCost(I->getOpcode(), ValTy);
+ }
+ case Instruction::Store: {
+ const StoreInst *SI = cast<StoreInst>(I);
+ Type *ValTy = SI->getValueOperand()->getType();
+ return TTI->getMemoryOpCost(I->getOpcode(), ValTy,
+ SI->getAlignment(),
+ SI->getPointerAddressSpace());
+ }
+ case Instruction::Load: {
+ const LoadInst *LI = cast<LoadInst>(I);
+ return TTI->getMemoryOpCost(I->getOpcode(), I->getType(),
+ LI->getAlignment(),
+ LI->getPointerAddressSpace());
+ }
+ case Instruction::ZExt:
+ case Instruction::SExt:
+ case Instruction::FPToUI:
+ case Instruction::FPToSI:
+ case Instruction::FPExt:
+ case Instruction::PtrToInt:
+ case Instruction::IntToPtr:
+ case Instruction::SIToFP:
+ case Instruction::UIToFP:
+ case Instruction::Trunc:
+ case Instruction::FPTrunc:
+ case Instruction::BitCast: {
+ Type *SrcTy = I->getOperand(0)->getType();
+ return TTI->getCastInstrCost(I->getOpcode(), I->getType(), SrcTy);
+ }
+ case Instruction::ExtractElement: {
+ const ExtractElementInst * EEI = cast<ExtractElementInst>(I);
+ ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(I->getOperand(1));
+ unsigned Idx = -1;
+ if (CI)
+ Idx = CI->getZExtValue();
+
+ // Try to match a reduction sequence (series of shufflevector and vector
+ // adds followed by a extractelement).
+ unsigned ReduxOpCode;
+ Type *ReduxType;
+
+ if (matchVectorSplittingReduction(EEI, ReduxOpCode, ReduxType))
+ return TTI->getReductionCost(ReduxOpCode, ReduxType, false);
+ else if (matchPairwiseReduction(EEI, ReduxOpCode, ReduxType))
+ return TTI->getReductionCost(ReduxOpCode, ReduxType, true);
+
+ return TTI->getVectorInstrCost(I->getOpcode(),
+ EEI->getOperand(0)->getType(), Idx);
+ }
+ case Instruction::InsertElement: {
+ const InsertElementInst * IE = cast<InsertElementInst>(I);
+ ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(IE->getOperand(2));
+ unsigned Idx = -1;
+ if (CI)
+ Idx = CI->getZExtValue();
+ return TTI->getVectorInstrCost(I->getOpcode(),
+ IE->getType(), Idx);
+ }
+ case Instruction::ShuffleVector: {
+ const ShuffleVectorInst *Shuffle = cast<ShuffleVectorInst>(I);
+ Type *VecTypOp0 = Shuffle->getOperand(0)->getType();
+ unsigned NumVecElems = VecTypOp0->getVectorNumElements();
+ SmallVector<int, 16> Mask = Shuffle->getShuffleMask();
+
+ if (NumVecElems == Mask.size() && isReverseVectorMask(Mask))
+ return TTI->getShuffleCost(TargetTransformInfo::SK_Reverse, VecTypOp0, 0,
+ 0);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ case Instruction::Call:
+ if (const IntrinsicInst *II = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(I)) {
+ SmallVector<Type*, 4> Tys;
+ for (unsigned J = 0, JE = II->getNumArgOperands(); J != JE; ++J)
+ Tys.push_back(II->getArgOperand(J)->getType());
+
+ return TTI->getIntrinsicInstrCost(II->getIntrinsicID(), II->getType(),
+ Tys);
+ }
+ return -1;
+ default:
+ // We don't have any information on this instruction.
+ return -1;
+ }
+}
+
+void CostModelAnalysis::print(raw_ostream &OS, const Module*) const {
+ if (!F)
+ return;
+
+ for (Function::iterator B = F->begin(), BE = F->end(); B != BE; ++B) {
+ for (BasicBlock::iterator it = B->begin(), e = B->end(); it != e; ++it) {
+ Instruction *Inst = it;
+ unsigned Cost = getInstructionCost(Inst);
+ if (Cost != (unsigned)-1)
+ OS << "Cost Model: Found an estimated cost of " << Cost;
+ else
+ OS << "Cost Model: Unknown cost";
+
+ OS << " for instruction: "<< *Inst << "\n";
+ }
+ }
+}
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