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-.TH DBZ 1 "11 Feb 1992"
-.BY "C News"
-.SH NAME
-dbz \- operate on dbz databases of text
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B dbz
-[
-.BR \- { axmc }
-] [
-.B \-t
-c
-] [
-.B \-l
-length
-] [
-.BR \- { qiue }
-] [
-.B \-f
-old
-] [
-.B \-p
-parms
-] database file ...
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.I Dbz
-is a shell-level interface to the
-.IR dbz (3z)
-database routines for indexed access to a text file.
-.PP
-The
-.I database
-file must be a text file,
-one line per database record,
-with the key the first field on the line.
-The
-.B \-t
-option sets the field-separator character; the default is tab.
-Setting the separator character to NUL (with
-.BR "\-t\ ''" )
-makes the whole line the key.
-Lines must not exceed 1023 bytes in length including the newline;
-this limit can be increased with the
-.B \-l
-option.
-The limitations and restrictions of
-.IR dbz (3z)
-must also be observed;
-in particular, it remains the user's responsibility to ensure that
-no attempt is made to store two entries (whether identical or not)
-with the same key.
-.PP
-In the absence of options,
-.I dbz
-creates a
-.IR dbz (3z)
-index for the database;
-the index comprises files
-.IB database .pag
-and
-.IB database .dir
-in the same directory.
-Any previous index is silently overwritten.
-The
-.BR \-a ,
-.BR \-x ,
-.BR \-m ,
-and
-.B \-c
-options specify other operations.
-.PP
-With
-.BR \-a ,
-.I dbz
-appends lines from the
-.IR file (s)
-(standard input if none)
-to the database, updating both the
-text file and the indexes.
-.PP
-With
-.BR \-x ,
-.I dbz
-reads keys from the
-.IR file (s)
-(standard input if none)
-and prints (on standard output) the corresponding lines, if any,
-from the database.
-The input is in the form of database lines, although only the keys are
-significant.
-The
-.B \-q
-option makes
-.B \-x
-print the input lines whose keys are found instead of the database
-lines; this is somewhat faster.
-.PP
-With
-.BR \-m ,
-operation is the same as for
-.B \-x
-except that the keys which are \fInot\fR present in the database are printed.
-.PP
-With
-.BR \-c ,
-.I dbz
-checks the database for internal consistency.
-The
-.B \-q
-option causes this check to be done more quickly but less thoroughly
-(each key is looked up in the index, but no check is made to be sure
-that the index entry points to the right place).
-.PP
-The
-.B \-i
-option suppresses the use of
-.IR dbz (3z)'s
-.I incore
-facility.
-This makes accesses slower, but keeps the files current
-during updating
-and reduces
-startup/shutdown overhead.
-.PP
-Normally,
-.I dbz
-checks whether a key is already in the database before adding it.
-The
-.B \-u
-option suppresses this check, speeding things up at the expense of safety.
-.PP
-A new index is normally created with default size,
-case mapping, and tagging.
-The default size is right for 90-100,000 records.
-The default case mapping is right for RFC822 message-ids.
-See
-.IR dbz (3z)
-for what tagging is about.
-(Note, these defaults can be changed when
-.IR dbz (3z)
-is installed.)
-.PP
-If the
-.B \-f
-option is given,
-size, case mapping, and tagging
-are instead initialized based on the
-database
-.IR old .
-This is mostly useful when
-creating a new generation of an existing database.
-(See the description of
-.I dbzagain
-in
-.IR dbz (3z)
-for details.)
-.PP
-If the
-.B \-p
-option is given, the
-.I parms
-string specifies the size, case mapping, and tagging.
-If
-.I parms
-is a single decimal number,
-that is taken as the expected number of records
-in the index, with case mapping and tagging defaulted.
-Alternatively,
-.I parms
-can be three fields\(ema decimal number, a case-mapping code character, and a
-hexadecimal tag mask\(emseparated by white space.
-The decimal number is, again, the expected number of records;
-0 means ``use the default''.
-See
-.IR dbz (3z)
-for possible choices of case-mapping code,
-but in particular,
-.B 0
-means ``no case mapping''.
-See
-.IR dbz (3z)
-for details on tag masks;
-0 means ``use the default''.
-.PP
-If the
-.B \-e
-option is given, the decimal number in
-.B \-p
-is taken to be the exact table size, not the expected number of records,
-and invocation of
-.I dbzsize
-(see
-.IR dbz (3z))
-to predict a good size for that number of records is suppressed.
-.PP
-The
-.B \&.pag
-file is normally about 6 bytes per record (based on the estimate given to
-.B \-p
-or the previous history of the
-.B \-f
-database).
-The
-.B \&.dir
-file is tiny.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-dbz(3z)
-.SH HISTORY
-Written at U of Toronto by Henry Spencer, for the C News project.
-See
-.IR dbz (3z)
-for the history of the underlying database routines.
-.SH BUGS
-There are a number of undocumented options with obscure effects,
-meant for debugging and regression testing of
-.IR dbz (3z).
-.PP
-Permissions for the index files probably ought to be taken from those
-of the base file.
-.PP
-The line-length limit is a blemish, alleviated only slightly by
-.BR \-l .
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