diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo')
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo | 101 |
1 files changed, 57 insertions, 44 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo b/contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo index e897d44..668c0e9 100644 --- a/contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo +++ b/contrib/binutils/ld/ld.texinfo @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ \input texinfo @setfilename ld.info +@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, +@c 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @syncodeindex ky cp @include configdoc.texi @c (configdoc.texi is generated by the Makefile) @@ -299,7 +301,7 @@ You may want to use this option if you are linking files with an unusual binary format. You can also use @samp{-b} to switch formats explicitly (when linking object files of different formats), by including @samp{-b @var{input-format}} before each group of object files in a -particular format. +particular format. The default format is taken from the environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}. @@ -327,7 +329,7 @@ specified by any @samp{-L} options. @kindex -d @kindex -dc @kindex -dp -@item -d +@item -d @itemx -dc @itemx -dp These three options are equivalent; multiple forms are supported for @@ -339,7 +341,7 @@ script command @code{FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION} has the same effect. @cindex entry point, from command line @kindex -e @var{entry} @kindex --entry=@var{entry} -@item -e @var{entry} +@item -e @var{entry} @itemx --entry=@var{entry} Use @var{entry} as the explicit symbol for beginning execution of your program, rather than the default entry point. If there is no symbol @@ -509,7 +511,7 @@ behaviour of the AIX linker. @cindex search directory, from cmd line @kindex -L@var{dir} @kindex --library-path=@var{dir} -@item -L@var{searchdir} +@item -L@var{searchdir} @itemx --library-path=@var{searchdir} Add path @var{searchdir} to the list of paths that @code{ld} will search for archive libraries and @code{ld} control scripts. You may use this @@ -566,13 +568,13 @@ which caused the archive member to be brought in. @item -n @itemx --nmagic Turn off page alignment of sections, and mark the output as -@code{NMAGIC} if possible. +@code{NMAGIC} if possible. @kindex -N @kindex --omagic @cindex read/write from cmd line @cindex OMAGIC -@item -N +@item -N @itemx --omagic Set the text and data sections to be readable and writable. Also, do not page-align the data segment. If the output format supports Unix @@ -615,7 +617,7 @@ turn serve as input to @code{ld}. This is often called @dfn{partial linking}. As a side effect, in environments that support standard Unix magic numbers, this option also sets the output file's magic number to @code{OMAGIC}. -@c ; see @code{-N}. +@c ; see @code{-N}. If this option is not specified, an absolute file is produced. When linking C++ programs, this option @emph{will not} resolve references to constructors; to do that, use @samp{-Ur}. @@ -639,21 +641,21 @@ the @code{-rpath} option. @kindex -s @kindex --strip-all @cindex strip all symbols -@item -s +@item -s @itemx --strip-all Omit all symbol information from the output file. @kindex -S @kindex --strip-debug @cindex strip debugger symbols -@item -S +@item -S @itemx --strip-debug Omit debugger symbol information (but not all symbols) from the output file. @kindex -t @kindex --trace @cindex input files, displaying -@item -t +@item -t @itemx --trace Print the names of the input files as @code{ld} processes them. @@ -685,7 +687,7 @@ option is equivalent to the @code{EXTERN} linker script command. @kindex -Ur @cindex constructors -@item -Ur +@item -Ur For anything other than C++ programs, this option is equivalent to @samp{-r}: it generates relocatable output---i.e., an output file that can in turn serve as input to @code{ld}. When linking C++ programs, @samp{-Ur} @@ -726,7 +728,7 @@ Delete all local symbols. @kindex --discard-locals @cindex local symbols, deleting @cindex L, deleting symbols beginning -@item -X +@item -X @itemx --discard-locals Delete all temporary local symbols. For most targets, this is all local symbols whose names begin with @samp{L}. @@ -765,6 +767,7 @@ of this object will ignore any default library search paths. @code{nodump} marks the object can not be dumped by @code{dldump}. @code{now} marks the object with the non-lazy runtime binding. @code{origin} marks the object may contain $ORIGIN. +@code{defs} disallows undefined symbols. @kindex -( @cindex groups of archives @@ -803,11 +806,19 @@ for compatibility with various systems. You may use this option multiple times on the command line: it affects library searching for @code{-l} options which follow it. +@kindex -Bgroup +@item -Bgroup +Set the @code{DF_1_GROUP} flag in the @code{DT_FLAGS_1} entry in the dynamic +section. This causes the runtime linker to handle lookups in this +object and its dependencies to be performed only inside the group. +@code{--no-undefined} is implied. This option is only meaningful on ELF +platforms which support shared libraries. + @kindex -Bstatic @kindex -dn @kindex -non_shared @kindex -static -@item -Bstatic +@item -Bstatic @itemx -dn @itemx -non_shared @itemx -static @@ -873,9 +884,9 @@ These options control whether to demangle symbol names in error messages and other output. When the linker is told to demangle, it tries to present symbol names in a readable fashion: it strips leading underscores if they are used by the object file format, and converts C++ -mangled symbol names into user readable names. Different compilers have -different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used -to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. The linker will +mangled symbol names into user readable names. Different compilers have +different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used +to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. The linker will demangle by default unless the environment variable @samp{COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE} is set. These options may be used to override the default. @@ -943,10 +954,12 @@ necessary. This may be required if @code{ld} runs out of memory space while linking a large executable. @kindex --no-undefined +@kindex -z defs @item --no-undefined +@itemx -z defs Normally when creating a non-symbolic shared library, undefined symbols -are allowed and left to be resolved by the runtime loader. This option -disallows such undefined symbols. +are allowed and left to be resolved by the runtime loader. These options +disallow such undefined symbols. @kindex --allow-shlib-undefined @item --allow-shlib-undefined @@ -1012,7 +1025,7 @@ This option is ignored for SVR4 compatibility. @cindex synthesizing linker @cindex relaxing addressing modes @item --relax -An option with machine dependent effects. +An option with machine dependent effects. @ifset GENERIC This option is only supported on a few targets. @end ifset @@ -1847,15 +1860,15 @@ There are several ways to set the entry point. The linker will set the entry point by trying each of the following methods in order, and stopping when one of them succeeds: @itemize @bullet -@item +@item the @samp{-e} @var{entry} command-line option; -@item +@item the @code{ENTRY(@var{symbol})} command in a linker script; -@item +@item the value of the symbol @code{start}, if defined; -@item +@item the address of the first byte of the @samp{.text} section, if present; -@item +@item The address @code{0}. @end itemize @@ -2214,7 +2227,7 @@ in the first input file. The first section will be at address zero. @subsection Output section description The full description of an output section looks like this: @smallexample -@group +@group @var{section} [@var{address}] [(@var{type})] : [AT(@var{lma})] @{ @var{output-section-command} @@ -2505,7 +2518,7 @@ notation is now considered obsolete. It is equivalent to @cindex KEEP @cindex garbage collection When link-time garbage collection is in use (@samp{--gc-sections}), -it is often useful to mark sections that should not be eliminated. +it is often useful to mark sections that should not be eliminated. This is accomplished by surrounding an input section's wildcard entry with @code{KEEP()}, as in @code{KEEP(*(.init))} or @code{KEEP(SORT(*)(.ctors))}. @@ -2542,7 +2555,7 @@ SECTIONS @{ @} @} @end group -@end smallexample +@end smallexample @node Output Section Data @subsection Output section data @@ -2729,7 +2742,7 @@ section named @samp{/DISCARD/} are not included in the output file. We showed above that the full description of an output section looked like this: @smallexample -@group +@group @var{section} [@var{address}] [(@var{type})] : [AT(@var{lma})] @{ @var{output-section-command} @@ -2742,7 +2755,7 @@ We've already described @var{section}, @var{address}, and @var{output-section-command}. In this section we will describe the remaining section attributes. -@menu +@menu * Output Section Type:: Output section type * Output Section LMA:: Output section LMA * Output Section Region:: Output section region @@ -2820,7 +2833,7 @@ counter holds the VMA value, not the LMA value. SECTIONS @{ .text 0x1000 : @{ *(.text) _etext = . ; @} - .mdata 0x2000 : + .mdata 0x2000 : AT ( ADDR (.text) + SIZEOF (.text) ) @{ _data = . ; *(.data); _edata = . ; @} .bss 0x3000 : @@ -3047,7 +3060,7 @@ command. However, you can define as many blocks of memory within it as you wish. The syntax is: @smallexample @group -MEMORY +MEMORY @{ @var{name} [(@var{attr})] : ORIGIN = @var{origin}, LENGTH = @var{len} @dots{} @@ -3122,7 +3135,7 @@ region. @smallexample @group -MEMORY +MEMORY @{ rom (rx) : ORIGIN = 0, LENGTH = 256K ram (!rx) : org = 0x40000000, l = 4M @@ -3326,9 +3339,9 @@ VERS_1.1 @{ global: foo1; local: - old*; - original*; - new*; + old*; + original*; + new*; @}; VERS_1.2 @{ @@ -3610,7 +3623,7 @@ precedence associativity Operators Notes (lowest) @end smallexample Notes: -(1) Prefix operators +(1) Prefix operators (2) @xref{Assignments}. @c TEXI2ROFF-KILL @end ifinfo @@ -3628,7 +3641,7 @@ height2pt&\omit&&\omit&&\omit&\cr height2pt&\omit&&\omit&&\omit&\cr &highest&&&&&\cr % '176 is tilde, '~' in tt font -&1&&left&&\qquad- \char'176\ !\qquad\dag&\cr +&1&&left&&\qquad- \char'176\ !\qquad\dag&\cr &2&&left&&* / \%&\cr &3&&left&&+ -&\cr &4&&left&&>> <<&\cr @@ -3683,7 +3696,7 @@ following @group SECTIONS @{ - .text 9+this_isnt_constant : + .text 9+this_isnt_constant : @{ *(.text) @} @} @end group @@ -3758,7 +3771,7 @@ identical values: @group SECTIONS @{ @dots{} .output1 : - @{ + @{ start_of_output_1 = ABSOLUTE(.); @dots{} @} @@ -4071,7 +4084,7 @@ non-interworking aware Thumb code. @cindex entry point, thumb @kindex --thumb-entry=@var{entry} The @samp{--thumb-entry} switch is a duplicate of the generic -@samp{--entry} switch, in that it sets the program's starting address. +@samp{--entry} switch, in that it sets the program's starting address. But it also sets the bottom bit of the address, so that it can be branched to using a BX instruction, and the program will start executing in Thumb mode straight away. @@ -4449,10 +4462,10 @@ This command does nothing whatever; it's only accepted for compatibility. @cindex @code{FORMAT} (MRI) @item FORMAT @var{output-format} Similar to the @code{OUTPUT_FORMAT} command in the more general linker -language, but restricted to one of these output formats: +language, but restricted to one of these output formats: @enumerate -@item +@item S-records, if @var{output-format} is @samp{S} @item @@ -4515,12 +4528,12 @@ If you have more than one @code{SECT} statement for the same @cindex GNU Free Documentation License GNU Free Documentation License - + Version 1.1, March 2000 Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA - + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
