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-<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
- [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>
-<!--
- - Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
- - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
- -
- - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
- - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- -
- - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
- - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
- - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
- - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
- - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
- - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- $Id: lwres.docbook,v 1.4.18.6 2007/08/28 07:20:06 tbox Exp $ -->
-<refentry>
-
- <refentryinfo>
- <date>Jun 30, 2000</date>
- </refentryinfo>
-
- <refmeta>
- <refentrytitle>lwres</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
- </refmeta>
- <refnamediv>
- <refname>lwres</refname>
- <refpurpose>introduction to the lightweight resolver library</refpurpose>
- </refnamediv>
-
- <docinfo>
- <copyright>
- <year>2004</year>
- <year>2005</year>
- <year>2007</year>
- <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
- </copyright>
- <copyright>
- <year>2000</year>
- <year>2001</year>
- <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
- </copyright>
- </docinfo>
-
- <refsynopsisdiv>
- <funcsynopsis>
-<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;lwres/lwres.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
-</funcsynopsis>
- </refsynopsisdiv>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
- <para>
- The BIND 9 lightweight resolver library is a simple, name service
- independent stub resolver library. It provides hostname-to-address
- and address-to-hostname lookup services to applications by
- transmitting lookup requests to a resolver daemon
- <command>lwresd</command>
- running on the local host. The resover daemon performs the
- lookup using the DNS or possibly other name service protocols,
- and returns the results to the application through the library.
- The library and resolver daemon communicate using a simple
- UDP-based protocol.
- </para>
- </refsect1>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>OVERVIEW</title>
- <para>
- The lwresd library implements multiple name service APIs.
- The standard
- <function>gethostbyname()</function>,
- <function>gethostbyaddr()</function>,
- <function>gethostbyname_r()</function>,
- <function>gethostbyaddr_r()</function>,
- <function>getaddrinfo()</function>,
- <function>getipnodebyname()</function>,
- and
- <function>getipnodebyaddr()</function>
- functions are all supported. To allow the lwres library to coexist
- with system libraries that define functions of the same name,
- the library defines these functions with names prefixed by
- <literal>lwres_</literal>.
- To define the standard names, applications must include the
- header file
- <filename>&lt;lwres/netdb.h&gt;</filename>
- which contains macro definitions mapping the standard function names
- into
- <literal>lwres_</literal>
- prefixed ones. Operating system vendors who integrate the lwres
- library into their base distributions should rename the functions
- in the library proper so that the renaming macros are not needed.
- </para>
- <para>
- The library also provides a native API consisting of the functions
- <function>lwres_getaddrsbyname()</function>
- and
- <function>lwres_getnamebyaddr()</function>.
- These may be called by applications that require more detailed
- control over the lookup process than the standard functions
- provide.
- </para>
- <para>
- In addition to these name service independent address lookup
- functions, the library implements a new, experimental API
- for looking up arbitrary DNS resource records, using the
- <function>lwres_getaddrsbyname()</function>
- function.
- </para>
- <para>
- Finally, there is a low-level API for converting lookup
- requests and responses to and from raw lwres protocol packets.
- This API can be used by clients requiring nonblocking operation,
- and is also used when implementing the server side of the lwres
- protocol, for example in the
- <command>lwresd</command>
- resolver daemon. The use of this low-level API in clients
- and servers is outlined in the following sections.
- </para>
- </refsect1>
- <refsect1>
- <title>CLIENT-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</title>
- <para>
- When a client program wishes to make an lwres request using the
- native low-level API, it typically performs the following
- sequence of actions.
- </para>
- <para>
- (1) Allocate or use an existing <type>lwres_packet_t</type>,
- called <varname>pkt</varname> below.
- </para>
- <para>
- (2) Set <structfield>pkt.recvlength</structfield> to the maximum length
- we will accept.
- This is done so the receiver of our packets knows how large our receive
- buffer is. The "default" is a constant in
- <filename>lwres.h</filename>: <constant>LWRES_RECVLENGTH = 4096</constant>.
- </para>
- <para>
- (3) Set <structfield>pkt.serial</structfield>
- to a unique serial number. This value is echoed
- back to the application by the remote server.
- </para>
- <para>
- (4) Set <structfield>pkt.pktflags</structfield>. Usually this is set to
- 0.
- </para>
- <para>
- (5) Set <structfield>pkt.result</structfield> to 0.
- </para>
- <para>
- (6) Call <function>lwres_*request_render()</function>,
- or marshall in the data using the primitives
- such as <function>lwres_packet_render()</function>
- and storing the packet data.
- </para>
- <para>
- (7) Transmit the resulting buffer.
- </para>
- <para>
- (8) Call <function>lwres_*response_parse()</function>
- to parse any packets received.
- </para>
- <para>
- (9) Verify that the opcode and serial match a request, and process the
- packet specific information contained in the body.
- </para>
- </refsect1>
- <refsect1>
- <title>SERVER-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</title>
- <para>
- When implementing the server side of the lightweight resolver
- protocol using the lwres library, a sequence of actions like the
- following is typically involved in processing each request packet.
- </para>
- <para>
- Note that the same <type>lwres_packet_t</type> is used
- in both the <function>_parse()</function> and <function>_render()</function> calls,
- with only a few modifications made
- to the packet header's contents between uses. This method is
- recommended
- as it keeps the serial, opcode, and other fields correct.
- </para>
- <para>
- (1) When a packet is received, call <function>lwres_*request_parse()</function> to
- unmarshall it. This returns a <type>lwres_packet_t</type> (also called <varname>pkt</varname>, below)
- as well as a data specific type, such as <type>lwres_gabnrequest_t</type>.
- </para>
- <para>
- (2) Process the request in the data specific type.
- </para>
- <para>
- (3) Set the <structfield>pkt.result</structfield>,
- <structfield>pkt.recvlength</structfield> as above. All other fields
- can
- be left untouched since they were filled in by the <function>*_parse()</function> call
- above. If using <function>lwres_*response_render()</function>,
- <structfield>pkt.pktflags</structfield> will be set up
- properly. Otherwise, the <constant>LWRES_LWPACKETFLAG_RESPONSE</constant> bit should be
- set.
- </para>
- <para>
- (4) Call the data specific rendering function, such as
- <function>lwres_gabnresponse_render()</function>.
- </para>
- <para>
- (5) Send the resulting packet to the client.
- </para>
- <para></para>
- </refsect1>
- <refsect1>
- <title>SEE ALSO</title>
- <para><citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_gethostent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_getipnode</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_getnameinfo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_noop</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_gabn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_gnba</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_context</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwres_config</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>resolver</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>,
-
- <citerefentry>
- <refentrytitle>lwresd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
- </citerefentry>.
-
- </para>
- </refsect1>
-</refentry><!--
- - Local variables:
- - mode: sgml
- - End:
--->
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