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+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN">
+<!--
+ - Copyright (C) 2004 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+ - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
+ -
+ - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ -
+ - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
+ - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+ - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
+ - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
+ - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
+ - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+ - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+-->
+
+<!-- $Id: lwresd.docbook,v 1.6.208.2 2004/06/03 02:24:57 marka Exp $ -->
+
+<refentry>
+ <refentryinfo>
+ <date>June 30, 2000</date>
+ </refentryinfo>
+
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle><application>lwresd</application></refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
+ </refmeta>
+
+ <refnamediv>
+ <refname><application>lwresd</application></refname>
+ <refpurpose>lightweight resolver daemon</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsynopsisdiv>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>lwresd</command>
+ <arg><option>-C <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-f</option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-g</option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-i <replaceable class="parameter">pid-file</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-P <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>
+ <arg><option>-v</option></arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
+ <para>
+ <command>lwresd</command> is the daemon providing name lookup
+ services to clients that use the BIND 9 lightweight resolver
+ library. It is essentially a stripped-down, caching-only name
+ server that answers queries using the BIND 9 lightweight
+ resolver protocol rather than the DNS protocol.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <command>lwresd</command> listens for resolver queries on a
+ UDP port on the IPv4 loopback interface, 127.0.0.1. This
+ means that <command>lwresd</command> can only be used by
+ processes running on the local machine. By default UDP port
+ number 921 is used for lightweight resolver requests and
+ responses.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Incoming lightweight resolver requests are decoded by the
+ server which then resolves them using the DNS protocol. When
+ the DNS lookup completes, <command>lwresd</command> encodes
+ the answers in the lightweight resolver format and returns
+ them to the client that made the request.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> contains any
+ <option>nameserver</option> entries, <command>lwresd</command>
+ sends recursive DNS queries to those servers. This is similar
+ to the use of forwarders in a caching name server. If no
+ <option>nameserver</option> entries are present, or if
+ forwarding fails, <command>lwresd</command> resolves the
+ queries autonomously starting at the root name servers, using
+ a built-in list of root server hints.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>OPTIONS</title>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-C <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Use <replaceable
+ class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the
+ configuration file instead of the default,
+ <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable
+ class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.
+ Debugging traces from <command>lwresd</command> become
+ more verbose as the debug level increases.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-f</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-g</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
+ to <filename>stderr</filename>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Create <replaceable
+ class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads
+ to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
+ <command>lwresd</command> will try to determine the
+ number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
+ If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
+ single worker thread will be created.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-P <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Listen for lightweight resolver queries on port
+ <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If
+ not specified, the default is port 921.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Send DNS lookups to port <replaceable
+ class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not
+ specified, the default is port 53. This provides a
+ way of testing the lightweight resolver daemon with a
+ name server that listens for queries on a non-standard
+ port number.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-s</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename>
+ on exit.
+ </para>
+ <note>
+ <para>
+ This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
+ and may be removed or changed in a future release.
+ </para>
+ </note>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <function>chroot()</function> to <replaceable
+ class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after
+ processing the command line arguments, but before
+ reading the configuration file.
+ </para>
+ <warning>
+ <para>
+ This option should be used in conjunction with the
+ <option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process
+ running as root doesn't enhance security on most
+ systems; the way <function>chroot()</function> is
+ defined allows a process with root privileges to
+ escape a chroot jail.
+ </para>
+ </warning>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <function>setuid()</function> to <replaceable
+ class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing
+ privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
+ listen on privileged ports.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-v</term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Report the version number and exit.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>FILES</title>
+
+ <variablelist>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ The default configuration file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/var/run/lwresd.pid</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ The default process-id file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>SEE ALSO</title>
+ <para>
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>lwres</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>resolver</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>AUTHOR</title>
+ <para>
+ <corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>
+
+
+<!--
+ - Local variables:
+ - mode: sgml
+ - End:
+-->
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