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+.\" Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+.\" Copyright (C) 2000-2002 Internet Software Consortium.
+.\" 
+.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+.\" 
+.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
+.\" REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+.\" AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
+.\" INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
+.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
+.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+.\"
+.\" $Id: host.1,v 1.14.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:12 marka Exp $
+.\"
+.hy 0
+.ad l
+.\"     Title: host
+.\"    Author: 
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.71.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: Jun 30, 2000
+.\"    Manual: BIND9
+.\"    Source: BIND9
+.\"
+.TH "HOST" "1" "Jun 30, 2000" "BIND9" "BIND9"
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.SH "NAME"
+host \- DNS lookup utility
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.HP 5
+\fBhost\fR [\fB\-aCdlnrsTwv\fR] [\fB\-c\ \fR\fB\fIclass\fR\fR] [\fB\-N\ \fR\fB\fIndots\fR\fR] [\fB\-R\ \fR\fB\fInumber\fR\fR] [\fB\-t\ \fR\fB\fItype\fR\fR] [\fB\-W\ \fR\fB\fIwait\fR\fR] [\fB\-m\ \fR\fB\fIflag\fR\fR] [\fB\-4\fR] [\fB\-6\fR] {name} [server]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.PP
+\fBhost\fR
+is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. When no arguments or options are given,
+\fBhost\fR
+prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
+.PP
+\fIname\fR
+is the domain name that is to be looked up. It can also be a dotted\-decimal IPv4 address or a colon\-delimited IPv6 address, in which case
+\fBhost\fR
+will by default perform a reverse lookup for that address.
+\fIserver\fR
+is an optional argument which is either the name or IP address of the name server that
+\fBhost\fR
+should query instead of the server or servers listed in
+\fI/etc/resolv.conf\fR.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-a\fR
+(all) option is equivalent to setting the
+\fB\-v\fR
+option and asking
+\fBhost\fR
+to make a query of type ANY.
+.PP
+When the
+\fB\-C\fR
+option is used,
+\fBhost\fR
+will attempt to display the SOA records for zone
+\fIname\fR
+from all the listed authoritative name servers for that zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are found for the zone.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-c\fR
+option instructs to make a DNS query of class
+\fIclass\fR. This can be used to lookup Hesiod or Chaosnet class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
+.PP
+Verbose output is generated by
+\fBhost\fR
+when the
+\fB\-d\fR
+or
+\fB\-v\fR
+option is used. The two options are equivalent. They have been provided for backwards compatibility. In previous versions, the
+\fB\-d\fR
+option switched on debugging traces and
+\fB\-v\fR
+enabled verbose output.
+.PP
+List mode is selected by the
+\fB\-l\fR
+option. This makes
+\fBhost\fR
+perform a zone transfer for zone
+\fIname\fR. Transfer the zone printing out the NS, PTR and address records (A/AAAA). If combined with
+\fB\-a\fR
+all records will be printed.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-i\fR
+option specifies that reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses should use the IP6.INT domain as defined in RFC1886. The default is to use IP6.ARPA.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-N\fR
+option sets the number of dots that have to be in
+\fIname\fR
+for it to be considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the ndots statement in
+\fI/etc/resolv.conf\fR, or 1 if no ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in the
+\fBsearch\fR
+or
+\fBdomain\fR
+directive in
+\fI/etc/resolv.conf\fR.
+.PP
+The number of UDP retries for a lookup can be changed with the
+\fB\-R\fR
+option.
+\fInumber\fR
+indicates how many times
+\fBhost\fR
+will repeat a query that does not get answered. The default number of retries is 1. If
+\fInumber\fR
+is negative or zero, the number of retries will default to 1.
+.PP
+Non\-recursive queries can be made via the
+\fB\-r\fR
+option. Setting this option clears the
+\fBRD\fR
+\(em recursion desired \(em bit in the query which
+\fBhost\fR
+makes. This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not attempt to resolve
+\fIname\fR. The
+\fB\-r\fR
+option enables
+\fBhost\fR
+to mimic the behavior of a name server by making non\-recursive queries and expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually referrals to other name servers.
+.PP
+By default
+\fBhost\fR
+uses UDP when making queries. The
+\fB\-T\fR
+option makes it use a TCP connection when querying the name server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that require it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-4\fR
+option forces
+\fBhost\fR
+to only use IPv4 query transport. The
+\fB\-6\fR
+option forces
+\fBhost\fR
+to only use IPv6 query transport.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-t\fR
+option is used to select the query type.
+\fItype\fR
+can be any recognized query type: CNAME, NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
+\fBhost\fR
+automatically selects an appropriate query type. By default it looks for A records, but if the
+\fB\-C\fR
+option was given, queries will be made for SOA records, and if
+\fIname\fR
+is a dotted\-decimal IPv4 address or colon\-delimited IPv6 address,
+\fBhost\fR
+will query for PTR records. If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting serial number can be specified by appending an equal followed by the starting serial number (e.g. \-t IXFR=12345678).
+.PP
+The time to wait for a reply can be controlled through the
+\fB\-W\fR
+and
+\fB\-w\fR
+options. The
+\fB\-W\fR
+option makes
+\fBhost\fR
+wait for
+\fIwait\fR
+seconds. If
+\fIwait\fR
+is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second. When the
+\fB\-w\fR
+option is used,
+\fBhost\fR
+will effectively wait forever for a reply. The time to wait for a response will be set to the number of seconds given by the hardware's maximum value for an integer quantity.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-s\fR
+option tells
+\fBhost\fR
+\fInot\fR
+to send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
+.PP
+The
+\fB\-m\fR
+can be used to set the memory usage debugging flags
+\fIrecord\fR,
+\fIusage\fR
+and
+\fItrace\fR.
+.SH "IDN SUPPORT"
+.PP
+If
+\fBhost\fR
+has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name) support, it can accept and display non\-ASCII domain names.
+\fBhost\fR
+appropriately converts character encoding of domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a reply from the server. If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines the
+\fBIDN_DISABLE\fR
+environment variable. The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
+\fBhost\fR
+runs.
+.SH "FILES"
+.PP
+\fI/etc/resolv.conf\fR
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.PP
+\fBdig\fR(1),
+\fBnamed\fR(8).
+.SH "COPYRIGHT"
+Copyright \(co 2004, 2005, 2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+.br
+Copyright \(co 2000\-2002 Internet Software Consortium.
+.br