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authorbms <bms@FreeBSD.org>2006-09-24 09:18:36 +0000
committerbms <bms@FreeBSD.org>2006-09-24 09:18:36 +0000
commit289b19d9819923336f8d13b05dc67f79337e8f97 (patch)
tree856f4debb6f40533bde2e0e6d2287a630716ad71 /usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.1
parentca71dca5f5f04e4c448e55a5a1b3319024875873 (diff)
downloadFreeBSD-src-289b19d9819923336f8d13b05dc67f79337e8f97.zip
FreeBSD-src-289b19d9819923336f8d13b05dc67f79337e8f97.tar.gz
De-orbit burn tcpslice.
Reviewed by: sam, bmah
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-.\" Copyright (c) 1988-1990 The Regents of the University of California.
-.\" All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
-.\" retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
-.\" distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
-.\" this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
-.\" provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
-.\" features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
-.\" ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
-.\" Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
-.\" the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
-.\" or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
-.\" written permission.
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
-.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-.\"
-.\" $FreeBSD$
-.\"
-.Dd October 14, 1991
-.Dt TCPSLICE 1
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm tcpslice
-.Nd extract pieces of and/or glue together tcpdump files
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm
-.Op Fl dRrt
-.Op Fl w Ar file
-.Op Ar start-time Op end-time
-.Ar
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Nm
-utility extracts portions of packet-trace files generated using
-.Xr tcpdump 1 Ns 's
-.Fl w
-flag.
-It can also be used to glue together several such files, as discussed
-below.
-.Pp
-The basic operation of
-.Nm
-is to copy to
-.Pa stdout
-all packets from its input file(s) whose timestamps fall
-within a given range.
-The starting and ending times of the range
-may be specified on the command line.
-All ranges are inclusive.
-The starting time defaults
-to the time of the first packet in the first input file; we call
-this the
-.Em first time .
-The ending time defaults to ten years after the starting time.
-Thus, the command
-.Nm
-.Ar trace-file
-simply copies
-.Ar trace-file
-to
-.Pa stdout
-(assuming the file does not include more than
-ten years' worth of data).
-.Pp
-There are a number of ways to specify times.
-The first is using
-Unix timestamps of the form
-.Em sssssssss.uuuuuu
-(this is the format specified by
-.Xr tcpdump 1 Ns 's
-.Fl tt
-flag).
-For example,
-.Em 654321098.7654
-specifies 38 seconds and 765,400 microseconds
-after 8:51PM PDT, Sept.\& 25, 1990.
-.Pp
-All examples in this manual are given
-for PDT times, but when displaying times and interpreting times symbolically
-as discussed below,
-.Nm
-uses the local timezone, regardless of the timezone in which the
-.Xr tcpdump 1
-file was generated.
-The daylight-savings setting used is that which is
-appropriate for the local timezone at the date in question.
-For example,
-times associated with summer months will usually include daylight-savings
-effects, and those with winter months will not.
-.Pp
-Times may also be specified relative
-to either the
-.Em first time
-(when specifying a starting time)
-or the starting time (when specifying an ending time)
-by preceding a numeric value in seconds with a `+'.
-For example, a starting time of
-.Em +200
-indicates 200 seconds after the
-.Em first time ,
-and the two arguments
-.Em +200 +300
-indicate from 200 seconds after the
-.Em first time
-through 500 seconds after the
-.Em first time .
-.Pp
-Times may also be specified in terms of years (y), months (m), days (d),
-hours (h), minutes (m), seconds (s), and microseconds(u).
-For example,
-the Unix timestamp 654321098.7654 discussed above could also be expressed
-as
-.Em 90y9m25d20h51m38s765400u .
-.Pp
-When specifying times using this style, fields that are omitted default
-as follows.
-If the omitted field is a unit
-.Em greater
-than that of the first specified field, then its value defaults to
-the corresponding value taken from either
-.Em first time
-(if the starting time is being specified) or the starting time
-(if the ending time is being specified).
-If the omitted field is a unit
-.Em less
-than that of the first specified field, then it defaults to zero.
-For example, suppose that the input file has a
-.Em first time
-of the Unix timestamp mentioned above, i.e., 38 seconds and 765,400 microseconds
-after 8:51PM PDT, Sept.\& 25, 1990.
-To specify 9:36PM PDT (exactly) on the
-same date we could use
-.Em 21h36m .
-To specify a range from 9:36PM PDT through 1:54AM PDT the next day we
-could use
-.Em 21h36m 26d1h54m .
-.Pp
-Relative times can also be specified when using the
-.Em ymdhmsu
-format.
-Omitted fields then default to 0 if the unit of the field is
-.Em greater
-than that of the first specified field, and to the corresponding value
-taken from either the
-.Em first time
-or the starting time if the omitted field's unit is
-.Em less
-than that of the first specified field.
-Given a
-.Em first time
-of the Unix timestamp mentioned above,
-.Em 22h +1h10m
-specifies a range from 10:00PM PDT on that date through 11:10PM PDT, and
-.Em +1h +1h10m
-specifies a range from 38.7654 seconds after 9:51PM PDT through 38.7654
-seconds after 11:01PM PDT.
-The first hour of the file could be extracted
-using
-.Em +0 +1h .
-.Pp
-Note that with the
-.Em ymdhmsu
-format there is an ambiguity between using
-.Em m
-for `month' or for `minute'.
-The ambiguity is resolved as follows: if an
-.Em m
-field is followed by a
-.Em d
-field then it is interpreted as specifying months; otherwise it
-specifies minutes.
-.Pp
-If more than one input file is specified then
-.Nm
-first copies packets lying in the given range from the first file; it
-then increases the starting time of the range to lie just beyond the
-timestamp of the last packet in the first file, repeats the process
-with the second file, and so on.
-Thus files with interleaved packets
-are
-.Em not
-merged.
-For a given file, only packets that are newer than any in the
-preceding files will be considered.
-This mechanism avoids any possibility
-of a packet occurring more than once in the output.
-.Sh OPTIONS
-If any of
-.Fl R ,
-.Fl r
-or
-.Fl t
-are specified then
-.Nm
-reports the timestamps of the first and last packets in each input file
-and exits.
-Only one of these three options may be specified.
-.Pp
-The following options are available:
-.Bl -tag -width indent
-.It Fl d
-Dump the start and end times specified by the given range and
-exit.
-This option is useful for checking that the given range actually
-specifies the times you think it does.
-If one of
-.Fl R ,
-.Fl r
-or
-.Fl t
-has been specified then the times are dumped in the corresponding
-format; otherwise, raw format
-.Pq Fl R
-is used.
-.It Fl R
-Dump the timestamps of the first and last packets in each input file
-as raw timestamps (i.e., in the form
-.Em sssssssss.uuuuuu ) .
-.It Fl r
-Same as
-.Fl R
-except the timestamps are dumped in human-readable format, similar
-to that used by
-.Xr date 1 .
-.It Fl t
-Same as
-.Fl R
-except the timestamps are dumped in
-.Nm
-format, i.e., in the
-.Em ymdhmsu
-format discussed above.
-.It Fl w Ar file
-Direct the output to
-.Ar file
-rather than
-.Pa stdout .
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr tcpdump 1
-.Sh AUTHORS
-.An Vern Paxson Aq vern@ee.lbl.gov ,
-of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
-.Sh BUGS
-An input filename that beings with a digit or a `+' can be confused
-with a start/end time.
-Such filenames can be specified with a
-leading `./'; for example, specify the file `04Jul76.trace' as
-`./04Jul76.trace'.
-.Pp
-The
-.Nm
-utility cannot read its input from
-.Pa stdin ,
-since it uses random-access
-to rummage through its input files.
-.Pp
-The
-.Nm
-utility refuses to write to its output if it is a terminal
-(as indicated by
-.Xr isatty 3 ) .
-This is not a bug but a feature,
-to prevent it from spraying binary data to the user's terminal.
-Note that this means you must either redirect
-.Pa stdout
-or specify an
-output file via
-.Fl w .
-.Pp
-The
-.Nm
-utility will not work properly on
-.Xr tcpdump 1
-files spanning more than one year;
-with files containing portions of packets whose original length was
-more than 65,535 bytes; nor with files containing fewer than three packets.
-Such files result in
-the error message: `couldn't find final packet in file'.
-These problems
-are due to the interpolation scheme used by
-.Nm
-to greatly speed up its processing when dealing with large trace files.
-Note that
-.Nm
-can efficiently extract slices from the middle of trace files of any
-size, and can also work with truncated trace files (i.e., the final packet
-in the file is only partially present, typically due to
-.Xr tcpdump 1
-being ungracefully killed).
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