MFC 287442,287537,288944:

Fix corruption of coredumps due to procstat notes changing size during
coredump generation.  The changes in r287442 required some reworking
since the 'fo_fill_kinfo' file op does not exist in stable/10.

287442:
Detect badly behaved coredump note helpers

Coredump notes depend on being able to invoke dump routines twice; once
in a dry-run mode to get the size of the note, and another to actually
emit the note to the corefile.

When a note helper emits a different length section the second time
around than the length it requested the first time, the kernel produces
a corrupt coredump.

NT_PROCSTAT_FILES output length, when packing kinfo structs, is tied to
the length of filenames corresponding to vnodes in the process' fd table
via vn_fullpath.  As vnodes may move around during dump, this is racy.

So:

 - Detect badly behaved notes in putnote() and pad underfilled notes.

 - Add a fail point, debug.fail_point.fill_kinfo_vnode__random_path to
   exercise the NT_PROCSTAT_FILES corruption.  It simply picks random
   lengths to expand or truncate paths to in fo_fill_kinfo_vnode().

 - Add a sysctl, kern.coredump_pack_fileinfo, to allow users to
   disable kinfo packing for PROCSTAT_FILES notes.  This should avoid
   both FILES note corruption and truncation, even if filenames change,
   at the cost of about 1 kiB in padding bloat per open fd.  Document
   the new sysctl in core.5.

 - Fix note_procstat_files to self-limit in the 2nd pass.  Since
   sometimes this will result in a short write, pad up to our advertised
   size.  This addresses note corruption, at the risk of sometimes
   truncating the last several fd info entries.

 - Fix NT_PROCSTAT_FILES consumers libutil and libprocstat to grok the
   zero padding.

287537:
Follow-up to r287442: Move sysctl to compiled-once file

Avoid duplicate sysctl nodes.

288944:
Fix core corruption caused by race in note_procstat_vmmap

This fix is spiritually similar to r287442 and was discovered thanks to
the KASSERT added in that revision.

NT_PROCSTAT_VMMAP output length, when packing kinfo structs, is tied to
the length of filenames corresponding to vnodes in the process' vm map
via vn_fullpath.  As vnodes may move during coredump, this is racy.

We do not remove the race, only prevent it from causing coredump
corruption.

- Add a sysctl, kern.coredump_pack_vmmapinfo, to allow users to disable
  kinfo packing for PROCSTAT_VMMAP notes.  This avoids VMMAP corruption
  and truncation, even if names change, at the cost of up to PATH_MAX
  bytes per mapped object.  The new sysctl is documented in core.5.

- Fix note_procstat_vmmap to self-limit in the second pass.  This
  addresses corruption, at the cost of sometimes producing a truncated
  result.

- Fix PROCSTAT_VMMAP consumers libutil (and libprocstat, via copy-paste)
  to grok the new zero padding.

Approved by:	re (gjb)

1 files changed, 24 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/share/man/man5/core.5 b/share/man/man5/core.5
index e8a1653..a5fefc0 100644
--- a/share/man/man5/core.5
+++ b/share/man/man5/core.5
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 .\"     @(#)core.5	8.3 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
 .\" $FreeBSD$
 .\"
-.Dd November 22, 2012
+.Dd October 5, 2015
 .Dt CORE 5
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
@@ -126,6 +126,29 @@ Core files will have the suffix
 .Em .gz
 appended to them.
 .El
+.Sh NOTES
+Corefiles are written with open file descriptor information as an ELF note.
+By default, file paths are packed to only use as much space as needed.
+However, file paths can change at any time, including during core dump,
+and this can result in truncated file descriptor data.
+.Pp
+All file descriptor information can be preserved by disabling packing.
+This potentially wastes up to PATH_MAX bytes per open fd.
+Packing is disabled with
+.Dl sysctl kern.coredump_pack_fileinfo=0 .
+.Pp
+Similarly, corefiles are written with vmmap information as an ELF note, which
+contains file paths.
+By default, they are packed to only use as much space as
+needed.
+By the same mechanism as for the open files note, these paths can also
+change at any time and result in a truncated note.
+.Pp
+All vmmap information can be preserved by disabling packing.
+Like the file information, this potentially wastes up to PATH_MAX bytes per
+mapped object.
+Packing is disabled with
+.Dl sysctl kern.coredump_pack_vmmapinfo=0 .
 .Sh EXAMPLES
 In order to store all core images in per-user private areas under
 .Pa /var/coredumps ,