diff options
author | jkh <jkh@FreeBSD.org> | 1997-04-05 08:38:48 +0000 |
---|---|---|
committer | jkh <jkh@FreeBSD.org> | 1997-04-05 08:38:48 +0000 |
commit | b8a7416e6941f3652915e34a329f7d580290e79b (patch) | |
tree | 038c58bf669c9d84968b6383720c5b32b070947c /share | |
parent | bc6a7d4827d054ff43018326ae191ea1cb404767 (diff) | |
download | FreeBSD-src-b8a7416e6941f3652915e34a329f7d580290e79b.zip FreeBSD-src-b8a7416e6941f3652915e34a329f7d580290e79b.tar.gz |
Update run - try and use the correct release numbers for everything.
Diffstat (limited to 'share')
-rw-r--r-- | share/doc/FAQ/FAQ.sgml | 254 |
1 files changed, 131 insertions, 123 deletions
diff --git a/share/doc/FAQ/FAQ.sgml b/share/doc/FAQ/FAQ.sgml index d6b2680..6632ee0 100644 --- a/share/doc/FAQ/FAQ.sgml +++ b/share/doc/FAQ/FAQ.sgml @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ <!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc//EN"> -<!-- $Id: FAQ.sgml,v 1.40 1997/03/20 13:15:41 jkh Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: FAQ.sgml,v 1.41 1997/03/21 18:40:08 wosch Exp $ --> <article> @@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ <author>Maintainer: Peter da Silva <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:pds@FreeBSD.ORG' name='<pds@FreeBSD.ORG>'></tt> -<date>$Date: 1997/03/20 13:15:41 $ +Last updated: <date>$Date: 1997/03/15 23:29:02 $</date> + <abstract> This is the FAQ for FreeBSD systems version 2.X All entries are assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5+, unless otherwise noted. @@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <sect1> <heading>What is FreeBSD?</heading> <p> - Briefly, FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X type operating system based on + Briefly, FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X-like operating system based on U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of U.C. Berkeley's Net/2 to the i386, known as 386BSD, though very little of the 386BSD @@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. in their work, education and recreation. See some of them in the <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/gallery.html" name="FreeBSD Gallery."> - For a more detailed description of FreeBSD, see the Introduction to + For more detailed information on FreeBSD, please see the <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="FreeBSD Handbook."> <sect1> @@ -102,18 +103,31 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <sect1> <heading>What is the latest version of FreeBSD?</heading> <p> - Version 2.1.7 is the latest version; it was released in February, 1997. + Version <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/2.1.7.1-RELEASE" name="2.1.7"> + is the latest <em>stable</em> version; it was released in February, 1997. + Version <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/2.2.1-RELEASE" name="2.2.1"> + is the latest <em>release</em> version; it was released in March, 1997. + Briefly explained, <bf>-stable</bf> is aimed at the ISP or other + corporate user who wants stability and a low change count over + the wizzy new features of the latest release (which is <bf>2.2.1</bf>). + + <p>This is not to say that 2.2.1 is unusable for business services, + and many people who need some 2.2 specific feature (newer + compiler technology, faster networking code, etc) have decided to take + a chance with it with very good results. We simply do not wish to + "certify" 2.2 as mission-worthy until it's run another release or two + down its branch and been better shaken-out. <sect1> <heading>What is FreeBSD-current?</heading> <p> <url url="../handbook/current.html" name="FreeBSD-current"> is the development version of the operating system, which will in due - course become version 3.0. As such, it is really only of interest + course become 3.0-RELEASE. As such, it is really only of interest to developers working on the system and die-hard hobbiests. See the <url url="../handbook/current.html" name="relevant section"> in the <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="handbook"> for - details. + details on running -current. <sect1> <heading> What are ``snapshots''?<label id="snapshots"></heading> @@ -165,7 +179,7 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. | | 2.2-ALPHA -> -BETA -> -GAMMA -> 2.2-RELEASE -> [2.2-stable] - | (Q1 1997) + | (Mar 1997) | 3.0-SNAPs (Q1 1997) | @@ -194,7 +208,8 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. Perhaps in the future we'll figure out another model which gives everyone what they want, and we are working on such a model, but in the meantime it's probably best to think of -stable coming to an end - with 2.1.7-RELEASE. + with <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/pub/2.1.7.1-RELEASE" + name="2.1.7.1-RELEASE"> (the final point release after 2.1.7). <sect1> <heading> When are FreeBSD releases made?</heading> @@ -265,11 +280,10 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <sect1> <heading> Is FreeBSD only available for PCs?</heading> <p> - At present, yes. If your machine has a different architecture, we - suggest you look at - - <url url="http://www.netbsd.org/" name="NetBSD"> - or + At present, yes, though a port to the DEC Alpha architecture + is planned. If your machine has a different architecture and + you need something right now, we suggest you look at + <url url="http://www.netbsd.org/" name="NetBSD"> or <url url="http://www.openbsd.org/" name="OpenBSD">. <sect1> @@ -277,9 +291,11 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <p> The key decisions concerning the FreeBSD project, such as the overall direction of the project and who is allowed to add code to - the source tree, are made by a ``core team'' consisting of 16 - people. There is a much larger group of around 60 people who can - make changes to the source tree. + the source tree, are made by a <url url="../handbook/contrib:core.html" + name="core team"> of some 17 people. There is a much larger + team of around 70+ <url url="../handbook/contrib:committers.html" + name="committers"> who are authorized to make changes directly to the + FreeBSD source tree. <p> However, most non-trivial changes are discussed in advance in the mailing lists, and there are no restrictions on who may take part @@ -288,13 +304,26 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <sect1> <heading>Where can I get FreeBSD?<label id="where-get"></heading> <p> - The distribution is available via anonymous ftp from: - <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" - name="the FreeBSD FTP site"> + The distribution is available via anonymous ftp from: + <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="the FreeBSD FTP site"> + + For the current stable release, 2.1.7.1R, look in: + <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.1.7.1-RELEASE/" + name="FreeBSD 2.1.7.1-RELEASE"> + + For the current 2.2 branch release, 2.2.1R, look in: + <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.2.1-RELEASE/" + name="FreeBSD 2.2.1-RELEASE"> - For the current release, 2.1.7R, look in: - <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.1.7-RELEASE/" - name="FreeBSD 2.1.7-RELEASE"> + <url url="ftp://releng22.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/" name="SNAPshot releases"> + are also made once a day along the RELENG_2_2 branch (2.2.1 -> 2.2.x) + as it winds its way towards the next point release on the 2.2 branch + (2.2.3, possibly, or maybe 2.2.5 depending on the change delta). With + the occasional exception of accidental breakage, the RELENG_2_2 + branch is being carefully maintained (no experimental changes, fixes only + after testing in -current) and these snapshots of it may be considered + "2.2.1+" for all intents and purposes and more desirable than 2.2.1 for new + installations. FreeBSD is also available via CDROM, from the following place(s): @@ -414,6 +443,15 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <url url="http://gnn.com/gnn/bus/ora/category/bsd.html" name="4.4BSD books description"> + + For a more in-depth look at the 4.4BSD kernel organization, + you can't go wrong with: + + McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, + and John Quarterman.<newline> + <em>The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating + System</em>. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1996.<newline> + ISBN 0-201-54979-4<newline> A good book on system administration is: @@ -445,22 +483,18 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <sect1> <heading>Other sources of information.</heading> <p> - One good source of additional information is the - ``[comp.unix.bsd] NetBSD, FreeBSD, and 386BSD (0.1) - FAQ''. Much of the information is relevant to FreeBSD, and this - FAQ is posted around twice a month to the following newsgroups: + The following newsgroups contain pertinent discussion for FreeBSD + users: - <verb> - comp.unix.bsd.netbsd.announce - comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce - comp.answers - news.answers - </verb> - - If you have WWW access, the FreeBSD home page is at: + <itemize> + <item><url url="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce" name="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce"> + <item><url url="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc" name="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc"> + <item><url url="comp.unix.bsd.misc" name="comp.unix.bsd.misc"> + </itemize> + + If you have WWW access, please visit <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/" + name="the FreeBSD home page">. - <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/" name="Main FreeBSD page"> - The FreeBSD handbook has a pretty complete <url url="../handbook/bibliography.html" name="Bibliography"> @@ -475,84 +509,45 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <sect1> <heading>Which file do I download to get FreeBSD?</heading> <p> - I'll answer that in a minute, but first a few words of explanation - might be in order. FreeBSD is not an application that you can - run from inside an existing DOS/Windows setup, it is an operating - system in its own right (in the same way as Windows NT or OS/2). - - To install it involves making a ``primary partition'' for it on - the hard disk and arranging for it to be booted at system startup. - (FreeBSD gives you the option of installing a boot manager, so you - will be able to choose which operating system to use every time the - system starts up. Alternatively, you can use the boot managers - provided with oher operating systems, such as OS/2 or Linux). - - Obviously, this is not as simple as using an operating system that - those nice people you bought your PC from pre-installed for you, - but it's not too difficult provided you read (and, if possible, print - out) all the instructions before starting. It may be a lot to - read, but it's very complete. You should also make full note of the - exhortations to back everything up first and the legal disclaimers. - These are not there for amusement value - we mean it! However, - most people find the installation goes fairly smoothly. - - If you are able to be connected to the Internet for the duration - of the FreeBSD installation (lucky you!), the simplest way to - install FreeBSD is to download - <url - url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.1.7-RELEASE/floppies/boot.flp" - name="the boot image,"> make a boot floppy, boot with it and watch it - pull down all the necessary files. Depending on connection speed and - how much of FreeBSD you wish to install, this could take several hours - (even the minimal installation requires downloading about 15MB of - compressed files). - - For people who do not have good Internet connectivity, the best - way to install FreeBSD is to buy a CDROM (see <ref id="where-get" - name="Where to get FreeBSD"> for details). Unfortunately, this - is problematic for some people, as the support for IDE CDROMs in - FreeBSD is still in alpha (not because of some violent antipathy - towards IDE CDROMs, but simply due to a lack of people with the - necessary combination of skill, inclination and time). - - Finally, if you already have a copy of the necessary files, FreeBSD - can be installed from floppy disks, a DOS hard disk partition or - tape or over a network via SLIP, PPP, NFS, PLIP and Ethernet. - - For further information, please see - <url url="../handbook/install.html" - name="Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD."> + You generally need just one floppy image, the <em>floppies/boot.flp</em> + file, which you image-copy onto a 1.44MB floppy and then boot it + in order to download the rest (and the installation will manage your TCP/IP + collection, deal with tapes, CDROMs, floppies, DOS partitions, whatever's + necessary to get the reset of the bits installed). + + Full instructions on this procedure and a little bit more about installation + issues in general can be found in the <url url="../handbook/install.html" + name="Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD."> <sect1> <heading>Where are the instructions for installing FreeBSD?</heading> <p> Installation instructions can be found in the <url url="../handbook/install.html" - name="Handbook install section."> + name="Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD."> <sect1> - <heading>What do I need to run FreeBSD?</heading> + <heading>What do I need in order to run FreeBSD?</heading> <p> - You'll need a 386 or better PC, with 4 MB or more of RAM and at + You'll need a 386 or better PC, with 5 MB or more of RAM and at least 60 MB of hard disk space. It can run with a low end MDA card but to run X11R6, a VGA or better video card is needed. - See the section on <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility"> + See also the section on <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility"> <sect1> <heading>I have only 4 MB of RAM. Can I install FreeBSD?</heading> <p> - FreeBSD 2.1.7 is the last version of FreeBSD that will install on + FreeBSD 2.1.7 was the last version of FreeBSD that could be installed on a 4MB system. Newer versions of FreeBSD, like 2.2, need at least 5MB to install on a new system. - All versions of FreeBSD, including 2.2, will RUN in 4MB of ram. You - can add extra memory for the install process, if you like, and then - after the system is up and running, go back to 4MB. - - Use <url - url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.1.7-RELEASE/floppies/boot4.flp" - name="special boot floppy for 4MB computers from FreeBSD 2.1.7"> + All versions of FreeBSD, including 2.2, will RUN in 4MB of ram, they + just can't run the installation program in 4MB. You can add + extra memory for the install process, if you like, and then + after the system is up and running, go back to 4MB. Or you could + always just swap your disk into a system which has >4MB, install onto + it and then swap it back. There are also situations in which FreeBSD 2.1.7 will not install in 4 MB. To be exact: it does not install with 640 kB base + 3 MB @@ -592,7 +587,34 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <p> Install Windows 95 first, after that FreeBSD. FreeBSD's boot - manager will then manage to boot Win95 and FreeBSD. + manager will then manage to boot Win95 and FreeBSD. If you + install Windows 95 second, it will boorishly overwrite your + boot manager without even asking. If that happens, see + the next section. + + <sect1> + <heading>Help, Windows 95 killed my boot manager! How do I get + it back?</heading> + + <p>You can reinstall the boot manager FreeBSD comes with in one of + two ways: + + <itemize> + <item>Running DOS, go into the tools/ directory of your FreeBSD + distribution and look for <bf>bootinst.exe</bf>. You run it like so: + <p><bf>bootinst.exe boot.bin</bf> + <p>And the boot manager will be reinstalled. + + <item>Boot the FreeBSD boot floppy again and go to the Custom + installation menu item. Choose Partition. Select the drive which + used to contain your boot manager (likely the first one) and when you + come to the partition editor for it, as the very first thing (e.g. + do not make any changes) select (W)rite. This will ask for + confirmation, say yes, and when you get the Boot Manager selection + prompt, be sure to select "Boot Manager." + This will re-write the boot manager to disk. Now quit out of the + installation menu and reboot off the hard disk as normal. + </itemize> <sect1> <heading>How can I have more than one operating system on my PC?</heading> @@ -624,11 +646,6 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <item>Did you download the floppy image in binary (or image) mode? (don't be embarrassed, even the best of us have made this mistake at least once when FTP'ing things!) - <item>If you're using one of these new-fangled operating systems - like Windows95 or Windows NT, did you shut it down and restart - the system in plain, honest DOS? It seems these OS's can - interfere with programs that write directly to hardware, as - the disk creation program does; even running it inside a DOS shell in the GUI can cause this problem. </enum> @@ -787,25 +804,12 @@ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> as root. <p> Alternatively, if you still have the install floppy, you can just - reboot from that. - <p> - Select the ``Express Install'' option, which will put you - straight into the partition editor, and create a single slice on the - disk with the (A)ll option (make sure you are editing the right - disk!). Say ``No'' when asked if you want to remain compatible with - other operating systems, and ``Yes'' when asked if you know what - you're doing. Then write it out with the (W)rite command and - press (Q)uit to transfer to the disklabel editor. - - <p> - Divide up your FreeBSD slice according to taste and press `w' when - you are happy with the way it looks. Again, say ``Yes'' when asked - for confirmation, and press `q' to quit. If you're adding swap - space on the second drive, look at <ref id="swap" name="this note"> - for a nasty little gotcha that can cause no end of trouble. + reboot from that and use the partition & label editors while + the system is totally quiescent. <p> <label id="2_1-disklabel-fix"> - <bf>Using disklabel(8) manually</bf> + If the above does not work for you, or if you're a total masochist + who likes arcane interfaces, this is how to use disklabel(8) manually: <p> <em>WARNING: There is no substitute for reading carefully & understanding what you are doing! Things described here may @@ -1271,6 +1275,12 @@ options PSM_CHECKSYNC #checks the header byte for sync. name="Handbook entry on configuring the kernel"> if you've no experience with building kernels. + If you're running FreeBSD 2.1.6 or later, the psm0 device + line is already there, but it's disabled. Remove the keyword + <tt/disable/ from the device line to enable it, or if you + don't want to compile a kernel just boot with the "-c" flag + and enable it from there. + Once you have a kernel detecting psm0 correctly at boot time, make sure that an entry for psm0 exists in /dev. You can do this by typing: @@ -3812,10 +3822,6 @@ domain foo.bar.edu </code> <descrip> - <tag/James Raynard/ - Acting FAQ caretaker - <tag/Ollivier Robert/ - FreeBSD FAQ maintenance man <tag/Gary Clark II/ FreeBSD Doc Team <tag/Jordan Hubbard/ @@ -3828,6 +3834,8 @@ domain foo.bar.edu Networking and formatting <tag/Jim Lowe/ Multicast information + <tag/Peter da Silva/ + FreeBSD FAQ typing machine slavey <tag/The FreeBSD Team/ Kvetching, moaning, submitting data </descrip> |