Added PC98 version of fdisk.

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+.\" $FreeBSD$
+.\"
+.Dd October 4, 1996
+.Dt FDISK 8
+.\".Os BSD 4
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm fdisk
+.Nd PC partition table maintenance program
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm fdisk
+.\" !PC98 .Op Fl BIaistu
+.Op Fl Bastu
+.Op Fl b Ar bootcode
+.Op Fl 1234
+.Op Ar disk
+.Bl -tag -width time
+.Nm fdisk
+.Fl f Ar configfile
+.Op Fl itv
+.Op Ar disk
+.Sh PROLOGUE
+In order for the BIOS to boot the kernel,
+certain conventions must be adhered to.
+Sector 0 of the disk must contain boot code,
+a partition table,
+and a magic number.
+BIOS partitions can be used to break the disk up into several pieces.
+The BIOS brings in sector 0 and verifies the magic number.  The sector
+0 boot code then searches the partition table to determine which
+partition is marked
+.Em active .
+This boot code then brings in the bootstrap from the
+.Em active
+partition and, if marked bootable, runs it.
+Under DOS,
+you can have one or more partitions with one
+.Em active .
+The DOS
+.Nm
+program can be used to divide space on the disk into partitions and set one
+.Em active .
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Bx Free
+program
+.Nm
+serves a similar purpose to the DOS program.  The first form is used to
+display partition information or to interactively edit the partition
+table.  The second is used to write a partition table using a
+.Ar configfile
+and is designed to be used by other scripts/programs.
+.Pp
+Options are:
+.It Fl a
+Change the active partition only.  Ignored if
+.Fl f
+is given.
+.It Fl b Ar bootcode
+Get the boot code from the file
+.Ar bootcode .
+.It Fl B
+Reinitialize the boot code contained in sector 0 of the disk.  Ignored
+if
+.Fl f
+is given.
+.It Fl f Ar configfile
+Set partition values using the file
+.Ar configfile .
+The
+.Ar configfile
+always modifies existing partitions, unless
+.Fl i
+is also given, in which case all existing partitions are deleted (marked
+as "unused") before the
+.Ar configfile
+is read.  The
+.Ar configfile
+can be "-", in which case
+.Ar stdin
+is read.  See
+.Sx CONFIGURATION FILE ,
+below, for file syntax.
+.Pp
+.Em WARNING Ns :
+when
+.Fl f
+is used, you are not asked if you really want to write the partition
+table (as you are in the interactive mode).  Use with caution!
+.\" !PC98
+.\" .It Fl i
+.\" Initialize sector 0 of the disk.  This implies
+.\" .Fl u ,
+.\" unless
+.\" .Fl f
+.\" is given.
+.\" .It Fl I
+.\" Initialize the contents of sector 0
+.\" with one
+/\" .Fx
+/\" slice covering the entire disk.
+.It Fl s
+Print summary information and exit.
+.It Fl t
+Test mode; do not write partition values.  Generally used with the
+.Fl f
+option to see what would be written to the partition table.  Implies
+.Fl v .
+.It Fl u
+Is used for updating (editing) sector 0 of the disk.  Ignored if
+.Fl f
+is given.
+.It Fl v
+Be verbose.  When
+.Fl f
+is used,
+.Nm
+prints out the partition table that is written to the disk.
+.It Fl 12345678
+Operate on a single fdisk entry only.  Ignored if
+.Fl f
+is given.
+.El
+.Pp
+The final disk name can be provided as a
+.Sq bare
+disk name only, e.g.
+.Ql da0 ,
+or as a fully qualified device node under
+.Pa /dev .
+If omitted, the disks
+.Ql wd0 ,
+.Ql da0 ,
+and
+.Ql od0
+are being searched in that order, until one is
+being found responding.
+.Pp
+When called with no arguments, it prints the sector 0 partition table.
+An example follows:
+
+.Bd -literal
+	******* Working on device /dev/rda0 *******
+	parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:
+	cylinders=33075 heads=8 sectors/track=32 (256 blks/cyl)
+	
+	parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:
+	cylinders=33075 heads=8 sectors/track=32 (256 blks/cyl)
+	
+	Media sector size is 512
+	Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1
+	Information from DOS bootblock is:
+	The data for partition 1 is:
+	sysmid 148,(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
+	    start 256, size 2490112 (1215 Meg), sid 196
+		beg: cyl 1/ sector 0/ head 0;
+		end: cyl 9727/ sector 0/ head 0
+		system Name FreeBSD(98)
+	The data for partition 2 is:
+	sysmid 148,(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD)
+	    start 2490368, size 5505024 (2688 Meg), sid 196
+		beg: cyl 9728/ sector 0/ head 0;
+		end: cyl 31231/ sector 0/ head 0
+		system Name FreeBSD(98)
+	The data for partition 3 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 4 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 5 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 6 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 7 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 8 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 9 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 10 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 11 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 12 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 13 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 14 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 15 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+	The data for partition 16 is:
+	<UNUSED>
+.Ed
+.Pp
+The disk is divided into three partitions that happen to fill the disk.
+The second partition overlaps the end of the first.
+(Used for debugging purposes)
+.Bl -tag -width "cyl, sector and head"
+.It Em "sysmid"
+is used to label the partition.
+.Bx Free
+reserves the
+magic number 148 decimal (94 in hex).
+.It Em "start and size"
+fields provide the start address
+and size of a partition in sectors.
+.\" !PC98 .It Em "flag 80"
+.\" specifies that this is the active partition.
+.It Em "cyl, sector and head"
+fields are used to specify the beginning address
+and end address for the partition.
+.It Em "system Name"
+is the name of the partition.
+.It Em "Note:"
+these numbers are calculated using BIOS's understanding of the disk geometry
+and saved in the bootblock.
+.El
+.Pp
+The flags
+.\" .Fl i
+.\" or
+.Fl u
+are used to indicate that the partition data is to be updated, unless the
+.Fl f
+option is used.  If the
+.Fl f
+option is not used, the
+.Nm
+program will enter a conversational mode.
+This mode is designed not to change any data unless you explicitly tell it to.
+.Nm Fdisk
+selects defaults for its questions to guarantee the above behavior.
+.Pp
+It displays each partition
+and ask if you want to edit it.
+If you say yes,
+it will step through each field showing the old value
+and asking for a new one.
+When you are done with a partition,
+.Nm
+will display it and ask if it is correct.
+.Nm Fdisk
+will then proceed to the next entry.
+.Pp
+Getting the
+.Em cyl, sector,
+and
+.Em head
+fields correct is tricky.
+So by default,
+they will be calculated for you;
+you can specify them if you choose.
+.Pp
+After all the partitions are processed,
+you are given the option to change the
+.Em active
+partition.
+Finally,
+when the all the data for the first sector has been accumulated,
+you are asked if you really want to rewrite sector 0.
+Only if you answer yes,
+will the data be written to disk.
+.Pp
+The difference between the
+.Fl u
+flag and
+.Fl i
+flag is that
+the
+.Fl u
+flag just edits the fields as they appear on the disk.
+While the
+.Fl i
+flag is used to "initialize" sector 0;
+it will setup the last BIOS partition to use the whole disk for
+.Bx Free ;
+and make it active.
+.Sh NOTES
+The automatic calculation of starting cylinder etc. uses
+a set of figures that represent what the BIOS thinks is the
+geometry of the drive.
+These figures are by default taken from the incore disklabel,
+but the program initially gives you an opportunity to change them.
+This allows the user to create a bootblock that can work with drives
+that use geometry translation under the BIOS.
+.Pp
+If you hand craft your disk layout,
+please make sure that the
+.Bx Free
+partition starts on a cylinder boundary.
+A number of decisions made later may assume this.
+(This might not be necessary later.)
+.Pp
+Editing an existing partition will most likely cause you to
+lose all the data in that partition.
+.Pp
+You should run this program interactively once or twice to see how it
+works.  This is completely safe as long as you answer the last question
+in the negative.  There are subtleties that the program detects that are
+not fully explained in this manual page.
+.Sh CONFIGURATION FILE
+When the
+.Fl f
+option is given, a disk's partition table can be written using values
+from a
+.Ar configfile .
+The syntax of this file is very simple.  Each line is either a comment or
+a specification, and whitespace (except for newlines) are ignored:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Xo
+.Ic #
+.No Ar comment ...
+.Xc
+Lines beginning with a "#" are comments and are ignored.
+.It Xo
+.Ic g
+.No Ar spec1
+.No Ar spec2
+.No Ar spec3
+.Xc
+Set the BIOS geometry used in partition calculations.  There must be
+three values specified, with a letter preceding each number:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.Sm off
+.It Cm c No Ar num
+.Sm on
+Set the number of cylinders to
+.Ar num .
+.Sm off
+.It Cm h No Ar num
+.Sm on
+Set the number of heads to
+.Ar num .
+.Sm off
+.It Cm s No Ar num
+.Sm on
+Set the number of sectors/track to
+.Ar num .
+.El
+.Pp
+These specs can occur in any order, as the leading letter determines
+which value is which; however, all three must be specified.
+.Pp
+This line must occur before any lines that specify partition
+information.
+.Pp
+It is an error if the following is not true:
+.Pp
+.nf
+        1 <= number of cylinders
+        1 <= number of heads <= 256
+        1 <= number of sectors/track < 64
+.fi
+.Pp
+The number of cylinders should be less than or equal to 1024, but this
+is not enforced, although a warning will be output.  Note that bootable
+.Bx Free
+partitions (the "/" filesystem) must lie completely within the
+first 1024 cylinders; if this is not true, booting may fail.
+Non-bootable partitions do not have this restriction.
+.Pp
+Example (all of these are equivalent), for a disk with 1019 cylinders,
+39 heads, and 63 sectors:
+.Pp
+.nf
+        g       c1019   h39     s63
+        g       h39     c1019   s63
+        g       s63     h39     c1019
+.fi
+.It Xo
+.Ic p
+.No Ar partition
+.No Ar type
+.No Ar start
+.No Ar length
+.Xc
+Set the partition given by
+.Ar partition
+(1-4) to type
+.Ar type ,
+starting at sector
+.Ar start
+for
+.Ar length
+sectors.
+.Pp
+Only those partitions explicitly mentioned by these lines are modified;
+any partition not referenced by a "p" line will not be modified.
+However, if an invalid partition table is present, or the
+.Fl i
+option is specified, all existing partition entries will be cleared
+(marked as unused), and these "p" lines will have to be used to
+explicitly set partition information.  If multiple partitions need to be
+set, multiple "p" lines must be specified; one for each partition.
+.Pp
+These partition lines must occur after any geometry specification lines,
+if one is present.
+.Pp
+The
+.Ar type
+is 165 for
+.Bx Free
+partitions.  Specifying a partition type of zero is
+the same as clearing the partition and marking it as unused; however,
+dummy values (such as "0") must still be specified for
+.Ar start
+and
+.Ar length .
+.Pp
+Note: the start offset will be rounded upwards to a head boundary if
+necessary, and the end offset will be rounded downwards to a cylinder
+boundary if necessary.
+.Pp
+Example: to clear partition 4 and mark it as unused:
+.Pp
+.nf
+        p       4       0       0       0
+.fi
+.Pp
+Example: to set partition 1 to a
+.Bx Free
+partition, starting at sector 1
+for 2503871 sectors (note: these numbers will be rounded upwards and
+downwards to correspond to head and cylinder boundaries):
+.Pp
+.nf
+        p       1       165     1       2503871
+.fi
+.It Xo
+.Ic a
+.No Ar partition
+.Xc
+Make
+.Ar partition
+the active partition.  Can occur anywhere in the config file, but only
+one must be present.
+.Pp
+Example: to make partition 1 the active partition:
+.Pp
+.nf
+        a       1
+.fi
+
+.El
+.Pp
+.Sh FILES
+.Bl -tag -width /boot/mbr -compact
+.It Pa /boot/mbr
+The default boot code
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr disklabel 8
+.Sh BUGS
+The default boot code will not necessarily handle all partition types
+correctly, in particular those introduced since MS-DOS 6.x.
+.Pp
+The entire program should be made more user-friendly.
+.Pp
+Throughout this man page, the term
+.Sq partition
+is used where it should actually be
+.Sq slice ,
+in order to conform with the terms used elsewhere.
+.Pp
+You cannot use this command to completely dedicate a disk to
+.Bx Free .
+The
+.Xr disklabel 8
+command must be used for this.