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authorjkh <jkh@FreeBSD.org>1998-11-03 03:21:09 +0000
committerjkh <jkh@FreeBSD.org>1998-11-03 03:21:09 +0000
commit46de8d9aba1dd9309ae4af04b50a2cdb5befcb4d (patch)
treed12b28b9119919c3c8472a80e7d53d39530dd681 /release/texts/UPGRADE.TXT
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Stage 1: Move a bunch of docs out from under sysinstall and other
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++===================== Upgrading FreeBSD ==========================+
+| |
+| 0.0 Preface |
+| 0.1 DISCLAIMER |
+| 0.2 IMPORTANT NOTE |
+| |
+| 1.0 Introduction |
+| 1.1 Upgrade Overview |
+| |
+| 2.0 Procedure |
+| 2.1 Backup |
+| 2.2 Mount Filesystems |
+| 2.3 Select Distributions |
+| 2.4 After Installation |
+| |
+| 3.0 Alternative Upgrade Techniques |
+| |
++=====================================================================+
+
+0.1 DISCLAIMER
+--- ----------
+
+While the FreeBSD upgrade procedure does its best to safeguard against
+accidental loss of data, it is still more than possible to WIPE OUT YOUR
+ENTIRE DISK with this installation! Please do not accept the final
+confirmation request unless you have adequately backed up any important
+data files.
+
+0.2 IMPORTANT NOTE
+--- --------------
+
+If you are upgrading from FreeBSD 2.2.5 or earlier, see
+section 2.4 for important details regarding changes to the
+/etc/fstab file required during the upgrade procedure.
+
+1.0 Introduction
+--- ------------
+
+The upgrade procedure replaces distributions selected by the user
+with those corresponding to the new FreeBSD release. It preserves
+standard system configuration data, as well as user data, installed
+packages and other software.
+
+Administrators contemplating an upgrade are encouraged to study this
+document in its entirety before commencing an upgrade. Failure to do so
+may result in a failed upgrade or loss of data.
+
+1.1 Upgrade Overview
+--- ----------------
+Upgrading of a distribution is performed by extracting the new version of
+the component over the top of the previous version. Files belonging to
+the old distribution are not deleted.
+
+System configuration is preserved by retaining and restoring the
+previous version of the following files:
+
+ Xaccel.ini, adduser.conf, aliases, aliases.db, amd.map, crontab,
+ csh.cshrc, csh.login, csh.logout, daily, disktab, dm.conf, exports,
+ fbtab, fstab, ftpusers, gettytab, gnats, group, host.conf, hosts,
+ hosts.equiv, hosts.lpd, inetd.conf, kerberosIV, localtime, login.access,
+ mail.rc, make.conf, manpath.config, master.passwd, mib.txt, modems,
+ monthly, motd, namedb, networks, passwd, phones, ppp, printcap,
+ profile, protocols, pwd.db, rc, rc.firewall, rc.i386, rc.local,
+ rc.network, rc.conf, remote, resolv.conf, rmt, security, sendmail.cf,
+ services, shells, skeykeys, spwd.db, supfile, syslog.conf, termcap,
+ ttys, uucp, weekly
+
+The versions of these files which correspond to the new version are
+moved to /etc/upgrade/. The system administrator may peruse these new
+versions and merge components as desired. Note that many of these files
+are interdependent, and the best merge procedure is to copy all
+site-specific data from the current files into the new.
+
+During the upgrade procedure, the administrator is prompted for a
+location into which all files from /etc/ are saved. In the event that
+local modifications have been made to other files, they may be
+subsequently retrieved from this location.
+
+2.0 Procedure
+--- ---------
+
+This section details the upgrade procedure. Particular attention is
+given to items which substantially differ from a normal installation.
+
+2.1 Backup
+--- ------
+
+User data and system configuration should be backed up before
+upgrading. While the upgrade procedure does its best to prevent
+accidental mistakes, it is possible to partially or completely destroy
+data and configuration information.
+
+2.2 Mount Filesystems
+--- -----------------
+
+The disklabel editor is entered with the nominated disk's filesystem
+devices listed. Prior to commencing the upgrade, the administrator
+should make a note of the device names and corresponding mountpoints.
+These mountpoints should be entered here. DO NOT set the 'newfs flag'
+for any filesystems, as this will cause data loss.
+
+2.3 Select Distributions
+--- --------------------
+
+When selecting distributions, there are no constraints on which must be
+selected. As a general rule, the 'bin' distribution should be selected
+for an update, and the 'man' distribution if manpages are already
+installed. Other distributions may be selected beyond those originally
+installed if the administrator wishes to add additional functionality.
+
+2.4 After Installation
+--- ------------------
+
+Once the installation procedure has completed, the administrator is
+prompted to examine the new configuration files. At this point, checks
+should be made to ensure that the system configuration is valid. In
+particular, the /etc/rc.conf and /etc/fstab files should be checked.
+
+Read the following, but DO NOT update /etc/fstab as described below
+until the new system has booted correctly. The upgrade procedure
+replaces the previous FreeBSD kernel with a GENERIC kernel, and a custom
+kernel may need to be generated to suit the local system configuration.
+
+IMPORTANT NOTE:
+==============
+FreeBSD 2.2.6 introduced a change in the naming of the device from
+which the root filesystem is mounted. This change affects all systems,
+however user intervention is only required for systems undergoing an
+upgrade installation from a version prior to FreeBSD 2.2.6.
+
+Previously, the root filesystem was always mounted from the
+compatibility slice, while other partitions on the same disk were
+mounted from their true slice. This might, for example, have resulted
+in an /etc/fstab file like:
+
+# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
+/dev/wd0s2b none swap sw 0 0
+/dev/wd0a / ufs rw 1 1
+/dev/wd0s2f /local0 ufs rw 1 1
+/dev/wd0s2e /usr ufs rw 1 1
+
+For FreeBSD 2.2.6 and later, this format changes so that the device for
+'/' is consistent with others, ie.
+
+# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
+/dev/wd0s2b none swap sw 0 0
+/dev/wd0s2a / ufs rw 1 1
+/dev/wd0s2f /local0 ufs rw 1 1
+/dev/wd0s2e /usr ufs rw 1 1
+
+
+If /etc/fstab is not updated manually in this case, the system will
+issue a warning message whenever / is mounted (normally at startup)
+indicating the change that must be made. In addition, trouble may be
+experienced if the root filesystem is not correctly unmounted, whereby
+the root filesystem will not be marked clean at the next reboot.
+
+This change should be made as soon as the upgraded system has been
+successfully rebooted.
+
+3.0 Alternative Upgrade Techniques
+--- ------------------------------
+
+Those interested in an upgrade method that allows more flexibility and
+sophistication should take a look at the "Upgrading FreeBSD from source"
+tutorial found at http://www.freebsd.org/docs.html. This method
+requires reliable network connectivity, extra disk space and spare time,
+but has advantages for networks and other more complex installations.
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