BSD 4.4 Lite Lib Sources

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+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     @(#)chmod.2	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
+.\"
+.Dd June 4, 1993
+.Dt CHMOD 2
+.Os BSD 4
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm chmod ,
+.Nm fchmod
+.Nd change mode of file
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Fd #include <sys/stat.h>
+.Ft int
+.Fn chmod "const char *path" "mode_t mode"
+.Ft int
+.Fn fchmod "int fd" "mode_t mode"
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The function
+.Fn chmod
+sets the file permission bits
+of the file
+specified by the pathname
+.Fa path
+to
+.Fa mode .
+.Fn Fchmod
+sets the permission bits of the specified
+file descriptor
+.Fa fd .
+.Fn Chmod
+verifies that the process owner (user) either owns
+the file specified by
+.Fa path
+(or
+.Fa fd ) ,
+or
+is the super-user.
+A mode is created from
+.Em or'd
+permission bit masks
+defined in
+.Aq Pa sys/stat.h :
+.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
+#define S_IRWXU 0000700    /* RWX mask for owner */
+#define S_IRUSR 0000400    /* R for owner */
+#define S_IWUSR 0000200    /* W for owner */
+#define S_IXUSR 0000100    /* X for owner */
+
+#define S_IRWXG 0000070    /* RWX mask for group */
+#define S_IRGRP 0000040    /* R for group */
+#define S_IWGRP 0000020    /* W for group */
+#define S_IXGRP 0000010    /* X for group */
+
+#define S_IRWXO 0000007    /* RWX mask for other */
+#define S_IROTH 0000004    /* R for other */
+#define S_IWOTH 0000002    /* W for other */
+#define S_IXOTH 0000001    /* X for other */
+
+#define S_ISUID 0004000    /* set user id on execution */
+#define S_ISGID 0002000    /* set group id on execution */
+#define S_ISVTX 0001000    /* save swapped text even after use */
+.Ed
+.Pp
+The
+.Dv ISVTX
+(the
+.Em sticky bit )
+indicates to the system which executable files are shareable (the
+default) and the system maintains the program text of the files
+in the swap area. The sticky bit may only be set by the super user
+on shareable executable files.
+.Pp
+If mode
+.Dv ISVTX
+(the `sticky bit') is set on a directory,
+an unprivileged user may not delete or rename
+files of other users in that directory. The sticky bit may be
+set by any user on a directory which the user owns or has appropriate
+permissions.
+For more details of the properties of the sticky bit, see
+.Xr sticky 8 .
+.Pp
+Writing or changing the owner of a file
+turns off the set-user-id and set-group-id bits
+unless the user is the super-user.
+This makes the system somewhat more secure
+by protecting set-user-id (set-group-id) files
+from remaining set-user-id (set-group-id) if they are modified,
+at the expense of a degree of compatibility.
+.Sh RETURN VALUES
+Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
+Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and
+.Va errno
+is set to indicate the error.
+.Sh ERRORS
+.Fn Chmod
+will fail and the file mode will be unchanged if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
+A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+The pathname contains a character with the high-order bit set.
+.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
+A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
+or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
+.It Bq Er ENOENT
+The named file does not exist.
+.It Bq Er EACCES
+Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
+.It Bq Er ELOOP
+Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
+.It Bq Er EPERM
+The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
+the effective user ID is not the super-user.
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The named file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EFAULT
+.Fa Path
+points outside the process's allocated address space.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.El
+.Pp
+.Fn Fchmod
+will fail if:
+.Bl -tag -width Er
+.It Bq Er EBADF
+The descriptor is not valid.
+.It Bq Er EINVAL
+.Fa Fd
+refers to a socket, not to a file.
+.It Bq Er EROFS
+The file resides on a read-only file system.
+.It Bq Er EIO
+An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr chmod 1 ,
+.Xr open 2 ,
+.Xr chown 2 ,
+.Xr stat 2 ,
+.Xr sticky 8
+.Sh STANDARDS
+.Fn Chmod
+is expected to conform to IEEE Std 1003.1-1988
+.Pq Dq Tn POSIX .
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Fn fchmod
+function call
+appeared in
+.Bx 4.2 .