+# Copyright (C) 2004 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+# Copyright (C) 2000-2002 Internet Software Consortium.

+#

+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any

+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

+#

+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

+# REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

+# AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

+# INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM

+# LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

+# OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

+# PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

+

+# $Id: Makefile.in,v 1.22.18.1 2004/07/20 07:03:20 marka Exp $

+

+srcdir = @srcdir@

+VPATH = @srcdir@

+top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@

+

+@BIND9_VERSION@

+

+@BIND9_MAKE_INCLUDES@

+

+CINCLUDES = ${LWRES_INCLUDES} ${DNS_INCLUDES} ${BIND9_INCLUDES} \

+ ${ISC_INCLUDES}

+

+CDEFINES =

+CWARNINGS =

+

+LWRESLIBS = ../../lib/lwres/liblwres.@A@

+DNSLIBS = ../../lib/dns/libdns.@A@ @DNS_CRYPTO_LIBS@

+BIND9LIBS = ../../lib/bind9/libbind9.@A@

+ISCLIBS = ../../lib/isc/libisc.@A@

+ISCCFGLIBS = ../../lib/isccfg/libisccfg.@A@

+

+LWRESDEPLIBS = ../../lib/lwres/liblwres.@A@

+DNSDEPLIBS = ../../lib/dns/libdns.@A@

+BIND9DEPLIBS = ../../lib/bind9/libbind9.@A@

+ISCDEPLIBS = ../../lib/isc/libisc.@A@

+ISCCFGDEPLIBS = ../../lib/isccfg/libisccfg.@A@

+

+DEPLIBS = ${DNSDEPLIBS} ${BIND9DEPLIBS} ${ISCDEPLIBS} ${ISCCFGDEPLIBS}

+

+LIBS = ${LWRESLIBS} ${DNSLIBS} ${BIND9LIBS} ${ISCLIBS} ${ISCCFGLIBS} @LIBS@

+

+SUBDIRS =

+

+TARGETS = nsupdate@EXEEXT@

+

+OBJS = nsupdate.@O@

+

+UOBJS =

+

+SRCS = nsupdate.c

+

+MANPAGES = nsupdate.8

+

+HTMLPAGES = nsupdate.html

+

+MANOBJS = ${MANPAGES} ${HTMLPAGES}

+

+@BIND9_MAKE_RULES@

+

+nsupdate@EXEEXT@: nsupdate.@O@ ${UOBJS} ${DEPLIBS}

+ ${LIBTOOL_MODE_LINK} ${PURIFY} ${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${LDFLAGS} -o $@ nsupdate.@O@ ${UOBJS} ${LIBS}

+

+doc man:: ${MANOBJS}

+

+docclean manclean maintainer-clean::

+ rm -f ${MANOBJS}

+

+clean distclean::

+ rm -f ${TARGETS}

+

+installdirs:

+ $(SHELL) ${top_srcdir}/mkinstalldirs ${DESTDIR}${bindir}

+ $(SHELL) ${top_srcdir}/mkinstalldirs ${DESTDIR}${mandir}/man8

+

+install:: nsupdate@EXEEXT@ installdirs

+ ${LIBTOOL_MODE_INSTALL} ${INSTALL_PROGRAM} nsupdate@EXEEXT@ ${DESTDIR}${bindir}

+ ${INSTALL_DATA} ${srcdir}/nsupdate.8 ${DESTDIR}${mandir}/man8

+.\" Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+.\" Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.

+.\"

+.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any

+.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

+.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

+.\"

+.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

+.\" REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

+.\" AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

+.\" INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM

+.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

+.\" OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

+.\" PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

+.\"

+.\" $Id: nsupdate.8,v 1.30.18.14 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $

+.\"

+.hy 0

+.ad l

+.\" Title: nsupdate

+.\" Author:

+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.71.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>

+.\" Date: Jun 30, 2000

+.\" Manual: BIND9

+.\" Source: BIND9

+.\"

+.TH "NSUPDATE" "8" "Jun 30, 2000" "BIND9" "BIND9"

+.\" disable hyphenation

+.nh

+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)

+.ad l

+.SH "NAME"

+nsupdate \- Dynamic DNS update utility

+.SH "SYNOPSIS"

+.HP 9

+\fBnsupdate\fR [\fB\-d\fR] [[\fB\-y\ \fR\fB\fI[hmac:]\fR\fIkeyname:secret\fR\fR] | [\fB\-k\ \fR\fB\fIkeyfile\fR\fR]] [\fB\-t\ \fR\fB\fItimeout\fR\fR] [\fB\-u\ \fR\fB\fIudptimeout\fR\fR] [\fB\-r\ \fR\fB\fIudpretries\fR\fR] [\fB\-v\fR] [filename]

+.SH "DESCRIPTION"

+.PP

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+is used to submit Dynamic DNS Update requests as defined in RFC2136 to a name server. This allows resource records to be added or removed from a zone without manually editing the zone file. A single update request can contain requests to add or remove more than one resource record.

+.PP

+Zones that are under dynamic control via

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+or a DHCP server should not be edited by hand. Manual edits could conflict with dynamic updates and cause data to be lost.

+.PP

+The resource records that are dynamically added or removed with

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+have to be in the same zone. Requests are sent to the zone's master server. This is identified by the MNAME field of the zone's SOA record.

+.PP

+The

+\fB\-d\fR

+option makes

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+operate in debug mode. This provides tracing information about the update requests that are made and the replies received from the name server.

+.PP

+Transaction signatures can be used to authenticate the Dynamic DNS updates. These use the TSIG resource record type described in RFC2845 or the SIG(0) record described in RFC3535 and RFC2931. TSIG relies on a shared secret that should only be known to

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+and the name server. Currently, the only supported encryption algorithm for TSIG is HMAC\-MD5, which is defined in RFC 2104. Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when authenticating each other. For instance, suitable

+\fBkey\fR

+and

+\fBserver\fR

+statements would be added to

+\fI/etc/named.conf\fR

+so that the name server can associate the appropriate secret key and algorithm with the IP address of the client application that will be using TSIG authentication. SIG(0) uses public key cryptography. To use a SIG(0) key, the public key must be stored in a KEY record in a zone served by the name server.

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+does not read

+\fI/etc/named.conf\fR.

+.PP

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+uses the

+\fB\-y\fR

+or

+\fB\-k\fR

+option to provide the shared secret needed to generate a TSIG record for authenticating Dynamic DNS update requests, default type HMAC\-MD5. These options are mutually exclusive. With the

+\fB\-k\fR

+option,

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+reads the shared secret from the file

+\fIkeyfile\fR, whose name is of the form

+\fIK{name}.+157.+{random}.private\fR. For historical reasons, the file

+\fIK{name}.+157.+{random}.key\fR

+must also be present. When the

+\fB\-y\fR

+option is used, a signature is generated from

+[\fIhmac:\fR]\fIkeyname:secret.\fR

+\fIkeyname\fR

+is the name of the key, and

+\fIsecret\fR

+is the base64 encoded shared secret. Use of the

+\fB\-y\fR

+option is discouraged because the shared secret is supplied as a command line argument in clear text. This may be visible in the output from

+\fBps\fR(1)

+or in a history file maintained by the user's shell.

+.PP

+The

+\fB\-k\fR

+may also be used to specify a SIG(0) key used to authenticate Dynamic DNS update requests. In this case, the key specified is not an HMAC\-MD5 key.

+.PP

+By default

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+uses UDP to send update requests to the name server unless they are too large to fit in a UDP request in which case TCP will be used. The

+\fB\-v\fR

+option makes

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+use a TCP connection. This may be preferable when a batch of update requests is made.

+.PP

+The

+\fB\-t\fR

+option sets the maximum time an update request can take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be used to disable the timeout.

+.PP

+The

+\fB\-u\fR

+option sets the UDP retry interval. The default is 3 seconds. If zero, the interval will be computed from the timeout interval and number of UDP retries.

+.PP

+The

+\fB\-r\fR

+option sets the number of UDP retries. The default is 3. If zero, only one update request will be made.

+.SH "INPUT FORMAT"

+.PP

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+reads input from

+\fIfilename\fR

+or standard input. Each command is supplied on exactly one line of input. Some commands are for administrative purposes. The others are either update instructions or prerequisite checks on the contents of the zone. These checks set conditions that some name or set of resource records (RRset) either exists or is absent from the zone. These conditions must be met if the entire update request is to succeed. Updates will be rejected if the tests for the prerequisite conditions fail.

+.PP

+Every update request consists of zero or more prerequisites and zero or more updates. This allows a suitably authenticated update request to proceed if some specified resource records are present or missing from the zone. A blank input line (or the

+\fBsend\fR

+command) causes the accumulated commands to be sent as one Dynamic DNS update request to the name server.

+.PP

+The command formats and their meaning are as follows:

+.PP

+\fBserver\fR {servername} [port]

+.RS 4

+Sends all dynamic update requests to the name server

+\fIservername\fR. When no server statement is provided,

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+will send updates to the master server of the correct zone. The MNAME field of that zone's SOA record will identify the master server for that zone.

+\fIport\fR

+is the port number on

+\fIservername\fR

+where the dynamic update requests get sent. If no port number is specified, the default DNS port number of 53 is used.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBlocal\fR {address} [port]

+.RS 4

+Sends all dynamic update requests using the local

+\fIaddress\fR. When no local statement is provided,

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+will send updates using an address and port chosen by the system.

+\fIport\fR

+can additionally be used to make requests come from a specific port. If no port number is specified, the system will assign one.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBzone\fR {zonename}

+.RS 4

+Specifies that all updates are to be made to the zone

+\fIzonename\fR. If no

+\fIzone\fR

+statement is provided,

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+will attempt determine the correct zone to update based on the rest of the input.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBclass\fR {classname}

+.RS 4

+Specify the default class. If no

+\fIclass\fR

+is specified, the default class is

+\fIIN\fR.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBkey\fR {name} {secret}

+.RS 4

+Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG\-signed using the

+\fIkeyname\fR

+\fIkeysecret\fR

+pair. The

+\fBkey\fR

+command overrides any key specified on the command line via

+\fB\-y\fR

+or

+\fB\-k\fR.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBprereq nxdomain\fR {domain\-name}

+.RS 4

+Requires that no resource record of any type exists with name

+\fIdomain\-name\fR.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBprereq yxdomain\fR {domain\-name}

+.RS 4

+Requires that

+\fIdomain\-name\fR

+exists (has as at least one resource record, of any type).

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBprereq nxrrset\fR {domain\-name} [class] {type}

+.RS 4

+Requires that no resource record exists of the specified

+\fItype\fR,

+\fIclass\fR

+and

+\fIdomain\-name\fR. If

+\fIclass\fR

+is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBprereq yxrrset\fR {domain\-name} [class] {type}

+.RS 4

+This requires that a resource record of the specified

+\fItype\fR,

+\fIclass\fR

+and

+\fIdomain\-name\fR

+must exist. If

+\fIclass\fR

+is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBprereq yxrrset\fR {domain\-name} [class] {type} {data...}

+.RS 4

+The

+\fIdata\fR

+from each set of prerequisites of this form sharing a common

+\fItype\fR,

+\fIclass\fR, and

+\fIdomain\-name\fR

+are combined to form a set of RRs. This set of RRs must exactly match the set of RRs existing in the zone at the given

+\fItype\fR,

+\fIclass\fR, and

+\fIdomain\-name\fR. The

+\fIdata\fR

+are written in the standard text representation of the resource record's RDATA.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBupdate delete\fR {domain\-name} [ttl] [class] [type\ [data...]]

+.RS 4

+Deletes any resource records named

+\fIdomain\-name\fR. If

+\fItype\fR

+and

+\fIdata\fR

+is provided, only matching resource records will be removed. The internet class is assumed if

+\fIclass\fR

+is not supplied. The

+\fIttl\fR

+is ignored, and is only allowed for compatibility.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBupdate add\fR {domain\-name} {ttl} [class] {type} {data...}

+.RS 4

+Adds a new resource record with the specified

+\fIttl\fR,

+\fIclass\fR

+and

+\fIdata\fR.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBshow\fR

+.RS 4

+Displays the current message, containing all of the prerequisites and updates specified since the last send.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBsend\fR

+.RS 4

+Sends the current message. This is equivalent to entering a blank line.

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBanswer\fR

+.RS 4

+Displays the answer.

+.RE

+.PP

+Lines beginning with a semicolon are comments and are ignored.

+.SH "EXAMPLES"

+.PP

+The examples below show how

+\fBnsupdate\fR

+could be used to insert and delete resource records from the

+\fBexample.com\fR

+zone. Notice that the input in each example contains a trailing blank line so that a group of commands are sent as one dynamic update request to the master name server for

+\fBexample.com\fR.

+.sp

+.RS 4

+.nf

+# nsupdate

+> update delete oldhost.example.com A

+> update add newhost.example.com 86400 A 172.16.1.1

+> send

+.fi

+.RE

+.sp

+.PP

+Any A records for

+\fBoldhost.example.com\fR

+are deleted. And an A record for

+\fBnewhost.example.com\fR

+with IP address 172.16.1.1 is added. The newly\-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds).

+.sp

+.RS 4

+.nf

+# nsupdate

+> prereq nxdomain nickname.example.com

+> update add nickname.example.com 86400 CNAME somehost.example.com

+> send

+.fi

+.RE

+.sp

+.PP

+The prerequisite condition gets the name server to check that there are no resource records of any type for

+\fBnickname.example.com\fR. If there are, the update request fails. If this name does not exist, a CNAME for it is added. This ensures that when the CNAME is added, it cannot conflict with the long\-standing rule in RFC1034 that a name must not exist as any other record type if it exists as a CNAME. (The rule has been updated for DNSSEC in RFC2535 to allow CNAMEs to have RRSIG, DNSKEY and NSEC records.)

+.SH "FILES"

+.PP

+\fB/etc/resolv.conf\fR

+.RS 4

+used to identify default name server

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBK{name}.+157.+{random}.key\fR

+.RS 4

+base\-64 encoding of HMAC\-MD5 key created by

+\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR(8).

+.RE

+.PP

+\fBK{name}.+157.+{random}.private\fR

+.RS 4

+base\-64 encoding of HMAC\-MD5 key created by

+\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR(8).

+.RE

+.SH "SEE ALSO"

+.PP

+\fBRFC2136\fR(),

+\fBRFC3007\fR(),

+\fBRFC2104\fR(),

+\fBRFC2845\fR(),

+\fBRFC1034\fR(),

+\fBRFC2535\fR(),

+\fBRFC2931\fR(),

+\fBnamed\fR(8),

+\fBdnssec\-keygen\fR(8).

+.SH "BUGS"

+.PP

+The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files. This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library for its cryptographic operations, and may change in future releases.

+.SH "COPYRIGHT"

+Copyright \(co 2004\-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+.br

+Copyright \(co 2000\-2003 Internet Software Consortium.

+.br

+/*

+ * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+ * Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.

+ *

+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any

+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

+ *

+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

+ * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

+ * AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

+ * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM

+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

+ * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

+ * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

+ */

+

+/* $Id: nsupdate.c,v 1.130.18.19 2007/08/28 07:20:01 tbox Exp $ */

+

+/*! \file */

+

+#include <config.h>

+

+#include <ctype.h>

+#include <errno.h>

+#include <limits.h>

+#include <stdlib.h>

+#include <unistd.h>

+

+#include <isc/app.h>

+#include <isc/base64.h>

+#include <isc/buffer.h>

+#include <isc/commandline.h>

+#include <isc/entropy.h>

+#include <isc/event.h>

+#include <isc/hash.h>

+#include <isc/lex.h>

+#include <isc/mem.h>

+#include <isc/parseint.h>

+#include <isc/region.h>

+#include <isc/sockaddr.h>

+#include <isc/socket.h>

+#include <isc/stdio.h>

+#include <isc/string.h>

+#include <isc/task.h>

+#include <isc/timer.h>

+#include <isc/types.h>

+#include <isc/util.h>

+

+#include <dns/callbacks.h>

+#include <dns/dispatch.h>

+#include <dns/dnssec.h>

+#include <dns/events.h>

+#include <dns/fixedname.h>

+#include <dns/masterdump.h>

+#include <dns/message.h>

+#include <dns/name.h>

+#include <dns/rcode.h>

+#include <dns/rdata.h>

+#include <dns/rdataclass.h>

+#include <dns/rdatalist.h>

+#include <dns/rdataset.h>

+#include <dns/rdatastruct.h>

+#include <dns/rdatatype.h>

+#include <dns/request.h>

+#include <dns/result.h>

+#include <dns/tsig.h>

+

+#include <dst/dst.h>

+

+#include <lwres/lwres.h>

+#include <lwres/net.h>

+

+#include <bind9/getaddresses.h>

+

+#ifdef HAVE_ADDRINFO

+#ifdef HAVE_GETADDRINFO

+#ifdef HAVE_GAISTRERROR

+#define USE_GETADDRINFO

+#endif

+#endif

+#endif

+

+#ifndef USE_GETADDRINFO

+#ifndef ISC_PLATFORM_NONSTDHERRNO

+extern int h_errno;

+#endif

+#endif

+

+#define MAXCMD (4 * 1024)

+#define MAXWIRE (64 * 1024)

+#define PACKETSIZE ((64 * 1024) - 1)

+#define INITTEXT (2 * 1024)

+#define MAXTEXT (128 * 1024)

+#define FIND_TIMEOUT 5

+#define TTL_MAX 2147483647U /* Maximum signed 32 bit integer. */

+

+#define DNSDEFAULTPORT 53

+

+#ifndef RESOLV_CONF

+#define RESOLV_CONF "/etc/resolv.conf"

+#endif

+

+static isc_boolean_t debugging = ISC_FALSE, ddebugging = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_boolean_t memdebugging = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_boolean_t have_ipv4 = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_boolean_t have_ipv6 = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_boolean_t is_dst_up = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_boolean_t usevc = ISC_FALSE;

+static isc_taskmgr_t *taskmgr = NULL;

+static isc_task_t *global_task = NULL;

+static isc_event_t *global_event = NULL;

+static isc_mem_t *mctx = NULL;

+static dns_dispatchmgr_t *dispatchmgr = NULL;

+static dns_requestmgr_t *requestmgr = NULL;

+static isc_socketmgr_t *socketmgr = NULL;

+static isc_timermgr_t *timermgr = NULL;

+static dns_dispatch_t *dispatchv4 = NULL;

+static dns_dispatch_t *dispatchv6 = NULL;

+static dns_message_t *updatemsg = NULL;

+static dns_fixedname_t fuserzone;

+static dns_name_t *userzone = NULL;

+static dns_tsigkey_t *tsigkey = NULL;

+static dst_key_t *sig0key;

+static lwres_context_t *lwctx = NULL;

+static lwres_conf_t *lwconf;

+static isc_sockaddr_t *servers;

+static int ns_inuse = 0;

+static int ns_total = 0;

+static isc_sockaddr_t *userserver = NULL;

+static isc_sockaddr_t *localaddr = NULL;

+static char *keystr = NULL, *keyfile = NULL;

+static isc_entropy_t *entp = NULL;

+static isc_boolean_t shuttingdown = ISC_FALSE;

+static FILE *input;

+static isc_boolean_t interactive = ISC_TRUE;

+static isc_boolean_t seenerror = ISC_FALSE;

+static const dns_master_style_t *style;

+static int requests = 0;

+static unsigned int timeout = 300;

+static unsigned int udp_timeout = 3;

+static unsigned int udp_retries = 3;

+static dns_rdataclass_t defaultclass = dns_rdataclass_in;

+static dns_rdataclass_t zoneclass = dns_rdataclass_none;

+static dns_message_t *answer = NULL;

+

+typedef struct nsu_requestinfo {

+ dns_message_t *msg;

+ isc_sockaddr_t *addr;

+} nsu_requestinfo_t;

+

+static void

+sendrequest(isc_sockaddr_t *srcaddr, isc_sockaddr_t *destaddr,

+ dns_message_t *msg, dns_request_t **request);

+static void

+fatal(const char *format, ...) ISC_FORMAT_PRINTF(1, 2);

+

+static void

+debug(const char *format, ...) ISC_FORMAT_PRINTF(1, 2);

+

+static void

+ddebug(const char *format, ...) ISC_FORMAT_PRINTF(1, 2);

+

+static void

+error(const char *format, ...) ISC_FORMAT_PRINTF(1, 2);

+

+#define STATUS_MORE (isc_uint16_t)0

+#define STATUS_SEND (isc_uint16_t)1

+#define STATUS_QUIT (isc_uint16_t)2

+#define STATUS_SYNTAX (isc_uint16_t)3

+

+static dns_rdataclass_t

+getzoneclass(void) {

+ if (zoneclass == dns_rdataclass_none)

+ zoneclass = defaultclass;

+ return (zoneclass);

+}

+

+static isc_boolean_t

+setzoneclass(dns_rdataclass_t rdclass) {

+ if (zoneclass == dns_rdataclass_none ||

+ rdclass == dns_rdataclass_none)

+ zoneclass = rdclass;

+ if (zoneclass != rdclass)

+ return (ISC_FALSE);

+ return (ISC_TRUE);

+}

+

+static void

+fatal(const char *format, ...) {

+ va_list args;

+

+ va_start(args, format);

+ vfprintf(stderr, format, args);

+ va_end(args);

+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");

+ exit(1);

+}

+

+static void

+error(const char *format, ...) {

+ va_list args;

+

+ va_start(args, format);

+ vfprintf(stderr, format, args);

+ va_end(args);

+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");

+}

+

+static void

+debug(const char *format, ...) {

+ va_list args;

+

+ if (debugging) {

+ va_start(args, format);

+ vfprintf(stderr, format, args);

+ va_end(args);

+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");

+ }

+}

+

+static void

+ddebug(const char *format, ...) {

+ va_list args;

+

+ if (ddebugging) {

+ va_start(args, format);

+ vfprintf(stderr, format, args);

+ va_end(args);

+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");

+ }

+}

+

+static inline void

+check_result(isc_result_t result, const char *msg) {

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ fatal("%s: %s", msg, isc_result_totext(result));

+}

+

+static void *

+mem_alloc(void *arg, size_t size) {

+ return (isc_mem_get(arg, size));

+}

+

+static void

+mem_free(void *arg, void *mem, size_t size) {

+ isc_mem_put(arg, mem, size);

+}

+

+static char *

+nsu_strsep(char **stringp, const char *delim) {

+ char *string = *stringp;

+ char *s;

+ const char *d;

+ char sc, dc;

+

+ if (string == NULL)

+ return (NULL);

+

+ for (; *string != '\0'; string++) {

+ sc = *string;

+ for (d = delim; (dc = *d) != '\0'; d++) {

+ if (sc == dc)

+ break;

+ }

+ if (dc == 0)

+ break;

+ }

+

+ for (s = string; *s != '\0'; s++) {

+ sc = *s;

+ for (d = delim; (dc = *d) != '\0'; d++) {

+ if (sc == dc) {

+ *s++ = '\0';

+ *stringp = s;

+ return (string);

+ }

+ }

+ }

+ *stringp = NULL;

+ return (string);

+}

+

+static void

+reset_system(void) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+

+ ddebug("reset_system()");

+ /* If the update message is still around, destroy it */

+ if (updatemsg != NULL)

+ dns_message_reset(updatemsg, DNS_MESSAGE_INTENTRENDER);

+ else {

+ result = dns_message_create(mctx, DNS_MESSAGE_INTENTRENDER,

+ &updatemsg);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_create");

+ }

+ updatemsg->opcode = dns_opcode_update;

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+parse_hmac(dns_name_t **hmac, const char *hmacstr, size_t len) {

+ isc_uint16_t digestbits = 0;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ char buf[20];

+

+ REQUIRE(hmac != NULL && *hmac == NULL);

+ REQUIRE(hmacstr != NULL);

+

+ if (len >= sizeof(buf))

+ fatal("unknown key type '%.*s'", (int)(len), hmacstr);

+

+ strncpy(buf, hmacstr, len);

+ buf[len] = 0;

+

+ if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-md5") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACMD5_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-md5-", 9) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACMD5_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[9], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 128)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..128]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha1") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA1_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha1-", 10) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA1_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[10], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 160)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..160]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha224") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA224_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha224-", 12) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA224_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[12], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 224)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..224]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha256") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA256_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha256-", 12) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA256_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[12], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 256)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..256]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha384") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA384_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha384-", 12) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA384_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[12], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 384)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..384]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha512") == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA512_NAME;

+ } else if (strncasecmp(buf, "hmac-sha512-", 12) == 0) {

+ *hmac = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA512_NAME;

+ result = isc_parse_uint16(&digestbits, &buf[12], 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS || digestbits > 512)

+ fatal("digest-bits out of range [0..512]");

+ digestbits = (digestbits +7) & ~0x7U;

+ } else

+ fatal("unknown key type '%s'", buf);

+ return (digestbits);

+}

+

+static void

+setup_keystr(void) {

+ unsigned char *secret = NULL;

+ int secretlen;

+ isc_buffer_t secretbuf;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ isc_buffer_t keynamesrc;

+ char *secretstr;

+ char *s, *n;

+ dns_fixedname_t fkeyname;

+ dns_name_t *keyname;

+ char *name;

+ dns_name_t *hmacname = NULL;

+ isc_uint16_t digestbits = 0;

+

+ dns_fixedname_init(&fkeyname);

+ keyname = dns_fixedname_name(&fkeyname);

+

+ debug("Creating key...");

+

+ s = strchr(keystr, ':');

+ if (s == NULL || s == keystr || s[1] == 0)

+ fatal("key option must specify [hmac:]keyname:secret");

+ secretstr = s + 1;

+ n = strchr(secretstr, ':');

+ if (n != NULL) {

+ if (n == secretstr || n[1] == 0)

+ fatal("key option must specify [hmac:]keyname:secret");

+ name = secretstr;

+ secretstr = n + 1;

+ digestbits = parse_hmac(&hmacname, keystr, s - keystr);

+ } else {

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACMD5_NAME;

+ name = keystr;

+ n = s;

+ }

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&keynamesrc, name, n - name);

+ isc_buffer_add(&keynamesrc, n - name);

+

+ debug("namefromtext");

+ result = dns_name_fromtext(keyname, &keynamesrc, dns_rootname,

+ ISC_FALSE, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "dns_name_fromtext");

+

+ secretlen = strlen(secretstr) * 3 / 4;

+ secret = isc_mem_allocate(mctx, secretlen);

+ if (secret == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&secretbuf, secret, secretlen);

+ result = isc_base64_decodestring(secretstr, &secretbuf);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not create key from %s: %s\n",

+ keystr, isc_result_totext(result));

+ goto failure;

+ }

+

+ secretlen = isc_buffer_usedlength(&secretbuf);

+

+ debug("keycreate");

+ result = dns_tsigkey_create(keyname, hmacname, secret, secretlen,

+ ISC_TRUE, NULL, 0, 0, mctx, NULL, &tsigkey);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not create key from %s: %s\n",

+ keystr, dns_result_totext(result));

+ else

+ dst_key_setbits(tsigkey->key, digestbits);

+ failure:

+ if (secret != NULL)

+ isc_mem_free(mctx, secret);

+}

+

+static void

+setup_keyfile(void) {

+ dst_key_t *dstkey = NULL;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_name_t *hmacname = NULL;

+

+ debug("Creating key...");

+

+ result = dst_key_fromnamedfile(keyfile,

+ DST_TYPE_PRIVATE | DST_TYPE_KEY, mctx,

+ &dstkey);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read key from %s: %s\n",

+ keyfile, isc_result_totext(result));

+ return;

+ }

+ switch (dst_key_alg(dstkey)) {

+ case DST_ALG_HMACMD5:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACMD5_NAME;

+ break;

+ case DST_ALG_HMACSHA1:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA1_NAME;

+ break;

+ case DST_ALG_HMACSHA224:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA224_NAME;

+ break;

+ case DST_ALG_HMACSHA256:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA256_NAME;

+ break;

+ case DST_ALG_HMACSHA384:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA384_NAME;

+ break;

+ case DST_ALG_HMACSHA512:

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACSHA512_NAME;

+ break;

+ }

+ if (hmacname != NULL) {

+ result = dns_tsigkey_createfromkey(dst_key_name(dstkey),

+ hmacname, dstkey, ISC_FALSE,

+ NULL, 0, 0, mctx, NULL,

+ &tsigkey);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not create key from %s: %s\n",

+ keyfile, isc_result_totext(result));

+ dst_key_free(&dstkey);

+ return;

+ }

+ } else

+ sig0key = dstkey;

+}

+

+static void

+doshutdown(void) {

+ isc_task_detach(&global_task);

+

+ if (userserver != NULL)

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, userserver, sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+

+ if (localaddr != NULL)

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, localaddr, sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+

+ if (tsigkey != NULL) {

+ ddebug("Freeing TSIG key");

+ dns_tsigkey_detach(&tsigkey);

+ }

+

+ if (sig0key != NULL) {

+ ddebug("Freeing SIG(0) key");

+ dst_key_free(&sig0key);

+ }

+

+ if (updatemsg != NULL)

+ dns_message_destroy(&updatemsg);

+

+ if (is_dst_up) {

+ ddebug("Destroy DST lib");

+ dst_lib_destroy();

+ is_dst_up = ISC_FALSE;

+ }

+

+ if (entp != NULL) {

+ ddebug("Detach from entropy");

+ isc_entropy_detach(&entp);

+ }

+

+ lwres_conf_clear(lwctx);

+ lwres_context_destroy(&lwctx);

+

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, servers, ns_total * sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+

+ ddebug("Destroying request manager");

+ dns_requestmgr_detach(&requestmgr);

+

+ ddebug("Freeing the dispatchers");

+ if (have_ipv4)

+ dns_dispatch_detach(&dispatchv4);

+ if (have_ipv6)

+ dns_dispatch_detach(&dispatchv6);

+

+ ddebug("Shutting down dispatch manager");

+ dns_dispatchmgr_destroy(&dispatchmgr);

+

+}

+

+static void

+maybeshutdown(void) {

+ ddebug("Shutting down request manager");

+ dns_requestmgr_shutdown(requestmgr);

+

+ if (requests != 0)

+ return;

+

+ doshutdown();

+}

+

+static void

+shutdown_program(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event) {

+ REQUIRE(task == global_task);

+ UNUSED(task);

+

+ ddebug("shutdown_program()");

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+

+ shuttingdown = ISC_TRUE;

+ maybeshutdown();

+}

+

+static void

+setup_system(void) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ isc_sockaddr_t bind_any, bind_any6;

+ lwres_result_t lwresult;

+ unsigned int attrs, attrmask;

+ int i;

+

+ ddebug("setup_system()");

+

+ dns_result_register();

+

+ result = isc_net_probeipv4();

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ have_ipv4 = ISC_TRUE;

+

+ result = isc_net_probeipv6();

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ have_ipv6 = ISC_TRUE;

+

+ if (!have_ipv4 && !have_ipv6)

+ fatal("could not find either IPv4 or IPv6");

+

+ result = isc_mem_create(0, 0, &mctx);

+ check_result(result, "isc_mem_create");

+

+ lwresult = lwres_context_create(&lwctx, mctx, mem_alloc, mem_free, 1);

+ if (lwresult != LWRES_R_SUCCESS)

+ fatal("lwres_context_create failed");

+

+ (void)lwres_conf_parse(lwctx, RESOLV_CONF);

+ lwconf = lwres_conf_get(lwctx);

+

+ ns_total = lwconf->nsnext;

+ if (ns_total <= 0) {

+ /* No name servers in resolv.conf; default to loopback. */

+ struct in_addr localhost;

+ ns_total = 1;

+ servers = isc_mem_get(mctx, ns_total * sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+ if (servers == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ localhost.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);

+ isc_sockaddr_fromin(&servers[0], &localhost, DNSDEFAULTPORT);

+ } else {

+ servers = isc_mem_get(mctx, ns_total * sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+ if (servers == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ for (i = 0; i < ns_total; i++) {

+ if (lwconf->nameservers[i].family == LWRES_ADDRTYPE_V4) {

+ struct in_addr in4;

+ memcpy(&in4, lwconf->nameservers[i].address, 4);

+ isc_sockaddr_fromin(&servers[i], &in4, DNSDEFAULTPORT);

+ } else {

+ struct in6_addr in6;

+ memcpy(&in6, lwconf->nameservers[i].address, 16);

+ isc_sockaddr_fromin6(&servers[i], &in6,

+ DNSDEFAULTPORT);

+ }

+ }

+ }

+

+ result = isc_entropy_create(mctx, &entp);

+ check_result(result, "isc_entropy_create");

+

+ result = isc_hash_create(mctx, entp, DNS_NAME_MAXWIRE);

+ check_result(result, "isc_hash_create");

+ isc_hash_init();

+

+ result = dns_dispatchmgr_create(mctx, entp, &dispatchmgr);

+ check_result(result, "dns_dispatchmgr_create");

+

+ result = isc_socketmgr_create(mctx, &socketmgr);

+ check_result(result, "dns_socketmgr_create");

+

+ result = isc_timermgr_create(mctx, &timermgr);

+ check_result(result, "dns_timermgr_create");

+

+ result = isc_taskmgr_create(mctx, 1, 0, &taskmgr);

+ check_result(result, "isc_taskmgr_create");

+

+ result = isc_task_create(taskmgr, 0, &global_task);

+ check_result(result, "isc_task_create");

+

+ result = isc_task_onshutdown(global_task, shutdown_program, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "isc_task_onshutdown");

+

+ result = dst_lib_init(mctx, entp, 0);

+ check_result(result, "dst_lib_init");

+ is_dst_up = ISC_TRUE;

+

+ attrmask = DNS_DISPATCHATTR_UDP | DNS_DISPATCHATTR_TCP;

+ attrmask |= DNS_DISPATCHATTR_IPV4 | DNS_DISPATCHATTR_IPV6;

+

+ if (have_ipv6) {

+ attrs = DNS_DISPATCHATTR_UDP;

+ attrs |= DNS_DISPATCHATTR_MAKEQUERY;

+ attrs |= DNS_DISPATCHATTR_IPV6;

+ isc_sockaddr_any6(&bind_any6);

+ result = dns_dispatch_getudp(dispatchmgr, socketmgr, taskmgr,

+ &bind_any6, PACKETSIZE,

+ 4, 2, 3, 5,

+ attrs, attrmask, &dispatchv6);

+ check_result(result, "dns_dispatch_getudp (v6)");

+ }

+

+ if (have_ipv4) {

+ attrs = DNS_DISPATCHATTR_UDP;

+ attrs |= DNS_DISPATCHATTR_MAKEQUERY;

+ attrs |= DNS_DISPATCHATTR_IPV4;

+ isc_sockaddr_any(&bind_any);

+ result = dns_dispatch_getudp(dispatchmgr, socketmgr, taskmgr,

+ &bind_any, PACKETSIZE,

+ 4, 2, 3, 5,

+ attrs, attrmask, &dispatchv4);

+ check_result(result, "dns_dispatch_getudp (v4)");

+ }

+

+ result = dns_requestmgr_create(mctx, timermgr,

+ socketmgr, taskmgr, dispatchmgr,

+ dispatchv4, dispatchv6, &requestmgr);

+ check_result(result, "dns_requestmgr_create");

+

+ if (keystr != NULL)

+ setup_keystr();

+ else if (keyfile != NULL)

+ setup_keyfile();

+}

+

+static void

+get_address(char *host, in_port_t port, isc_sockaddr_t *sockaddr) {

+ int count;

+ isc_result_t result;

+

+ isc_app_block();

+ result = bind9_getaddresses(host, port, sockaddr, 1, &count);

+ isc_app_unblock();

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ fatal("couldn't get address for '%s': %s",

+ host, isc_result_totext(result));

+ INSIST(count == 1);

+}

+

+static void

+parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {

+ int ch;

+ isc_result_t result;

+

+ debug("parse_args");

+ while ((ch = isc_commandline_parse(argc, argv, "dDMy:vk:r:t:u:")) != -1)

+ {

+ switch (ch) {

+ case 'd':

+ debugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ break;

+ case 'D': /* was -dd */

+ debugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ ddebugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ break;

+ case 'M': /* was -dm */

+ debugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ ddebugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ memdebugging = ISC_TRUE;

+ isc_mem_debugging = ISC_MEM_DEBUGTRACE |

+ ISC_MEM_DEBUGRECORD;

+ break;

+ case 'y':

+ keystr = isc_commandline_argument;

+ break;

+ case 'v':

+ usevc = ISC_TRUE;

+ break;

+ case 'k':

+ keyfile = isc_commandline_argument;

+ break;

+ case 't':

+ result = isc_parse_uint32(&timeout,

+ isc_commandline_argument, 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "bad timeout '%s'\n", isc_commandline_argument);

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ if (timeout == 0)

+ timeout = UINT_MAX;

+ break;

+ case 'u':

+ result = isc_parse_uint32(&udp_timeout,

+ isc_commandline_argument, 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "bad udp timeout '%s'\n", isc_commandline_argument);

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ if (udp_timeout == 0)

+ udp_timeout = UINT_MAX;

+ break;

+ case 'r':

+ result = isc_parse_uint32(&udp_retries,

+ isc_commandline_argument, 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "bad udp retries '%s'\n", isc_commandline_argument);

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ break;

+ default:

+ fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid argument -%c\n",

+ argv[0], ch);

+ fprintf(stderr, "usage: nsupdate [-d] "

+ "[-y keyname:secret | -k keyfile] [-v] "

+ "[filename]\n");

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ }

+ if (keyfile != NULL && keystr != NULL) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot specify both -k and -y\n",

+ argv[0]);

+ exit(1);

+ }

+

+ if (argv[isc_commandline_index] != NULL) {

+ if (strcmp(argv[isc_commandline_index], "-") == 0) {

+ input = stdin;

+ } else {

+ result = isc_stdio_open(argv[isc_commandline_index],

+ "r", &input);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not open '%s': %s\n",

+ argv[isc_commandline_index],

+ isc_result_totext(result));

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ }

+ interactive = ISC_FALSE;

+ }

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+parse_name(char **cmdlinep, dns_message_t *msg, dns_name_t **namep) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ char *word;

+ isc_buffer_t *namebuf = NULL;

+ isc_buffer_t source;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(cmdlinep, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read owner name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ result = dns_message_gettempname(msg, namep);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettempname");

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &namebuf, DNS_NAME_MAXWIRE);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ dns_name_init(*namep, NULL);

+ dns_name_setbuffer(*namep, namebuf);

+ dns_message_takebuffer(msg, &namebuf);

+ isc_buffer_init(&source, word, strlen(word));

+ isc_buffer_add(&source, strlen(word));

+ result = dns_name_fromtext(*namep, &source, dns_rootname,

+ ISC_FALSE, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "dns_name_fromtext");

+ isc_buffer_invalidate(&source);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+parse_rdata(char **cmdlinep, dns_rdataclass_t rdataclass,

+ dns_rdatatype_t rdatatype, dns_message_t *msg,

+ dns_rdata_t *rdata)

+{

+ char *cmdline = *cmdlinep;

+ isc_buffer_t source, *buf = NULL, *newbuf = NULL;

+ isc_region_t r;

+ isc_lex_t *lex = NULL;

+ dns_rdatacallbacks_t callbacks;

+ isc_result_t result;

+

+ while (*cmdline != 0 && isspace((unsigned char)*cmdline))

+ cmdline++;

+

+ if (*cmdline != 0) {

+ dns_rdatacallbacks_init(&callbacks);

+ result = isc_lex_create(mctx, strlen(cmdline), &lex);

+ check_result(result, "isc_lex_create");

+ isc_buffer_init(&source, cmdline, strlen(cmdline));

+ isc_buffer_add(&source, strlen(cmdline));

+ result = isc_lex_openbuffer(lex, &source);

+ check_result(result, "isc_lex_openbuffer");

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &buf, MAXWIRE);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ result = dns_rdata_fromtext(rdata, rdataclass, rdatatype, lex,

+ dns_rootname, 0, mctx, buf,

+ &callbacks);

+ isc_lex_destroy(&lex);

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ isc_buffer_usedregion(buf, &r);

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &newbuf, r.length);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ isc_buffer_putmem(newbuf, r.base, r.length);

+ isc_buffer_usedregion(newbuf, &r);

+ dns_rdata_fromregion(rdata, rdataclass, rdatatype, &r);

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ dns_message_takebuffer(msg, &newbuf);

+ } else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "invalid rdata format: %s\n",

+ isc_result_totext(result));

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ } else {

+ rdata->flags = DNS_RDATA_UPDATE;

+ }

+ *cmdlinep = cmdline;

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+make_prereq(char *cmdline, isc_boolean_t ispositive, isc_boolean_t isrrset) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ char *word;

+ dns_name_t *name = NULL;

+ isc_textregion_t region;

+ dns_rdataset_t *rdataset = NULL;

+ dns_rdatalist_t *rdatalist = NULL;

+ dns_rdataclass_t rdataclass;

+ dns_rdatatype_t rdatatype;

+ dns_rdata_t *rdata = NULL;

+ isc_uint16_t retval;

+

+ ddebug("make_prereq()");

+

+ /*

+ * Read the owner name

+ */

+ retval = parse_name(&cmdline, updatemsg, &name);

+ if (retval != STATUS_MORE)

+ return (retval);

+

+ /*

+ * If this is an rrset prereq, read the class or type.

+ */

+ if (isrrset) {

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read class or type\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ region.base = word;

+ region.length = strlen(word);

+ result = dns_rdataclass_fromtext(&rdataclass, &region);

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ if (!setzoneclass(rdataclass)) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "class mismatch: %s\n", word);

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ /*

+ * Now read the type.

+ */

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read type\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ region.base = word;

+ region.length = strlen(word);

+ result = dns_rdatatype_fromtext(&rdatatype, &region);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "invalid type: %s\n", word);

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ } else {

+ rdataclass = getzoneclass();

+ result = dns_rdatatype_fromtext(&rdatatype, &region);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "invalid type: %s\n", word);

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+ } else

+ rdatatype = dns_rdatatype_any;

+

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdata(updatemsg, &rdata);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdata");

+

+ rdata->data = NULL;

+ rdata->length = 0;

+

+ if (isrrset && ispositive) {

+ retval = parse_rdata(&cmdline, rdataclass, rdatatype,

+ updatemsg, rdata);

+ if (retval != STATUS_MORE)

+ goto failure;

+ } else

+ rdata->flags = DNS_RDATA_UPDATE;

+

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdatalist(updatemsg, &rdatalist);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdatalist");

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdataset(updatemsg, &rdataset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdataset");

+ dns_rdatalist_init(rdatalist);

+ rdatalist->type = rdatatype;

+ if (ispositive) {

+ if (isrrset && rdata->data != NULL)

+ rdatalist->rdclass = rdataclass;

+ else

+ rdatalist->rdclass = dns_rdataclass_any;

+ } else

+ rdatalist->rdclass = dns_rdataclass_none;

+ rdatalist->covers = 0;

+ rdatalist->ttl = 0;

+ rdata->rdclass = rdatalist->rdclass;

+ rdata->type = rdatatype;

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(rdatalist->rdata);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(rdatalist->rdata, rdata, link);

+ dns_rdataset_init(rdataset);

+ dns_rdatalist_tordataset(rdatalist, rdataset);

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(name->list);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(name->list, rdataset, link);

+ dns_message_addname(updatemsg, name, DNS_SECTION_PREREQUISITE);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+

+ failure:

+ if (name != NULL)

+ dns_message_puttempname(updatemsg, &name);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_prereq(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word;

+ isc_boolean_t ispositive, isrrset;

+

+ ddebug("evaluate_prereq()");

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read operation code\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "nxdomain") == 0) {

+ ispositive = ISC_FALSE;

+ isrrset = ISC_FALSE;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(word, "yxdomain") == 0) {

+ ispositive = ISC_TRUE;

+ isrrset = ISC_FALSE;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(word, "nxrrset") == 0) {

+ ispositive = ISC_FALSE;

+ isrrset = ISC_TRUE;

+ } else if (strcasecmp(word, "yxrrset") == 0) {

+ ispositive = ISC_TRUE;

+ isrrset = ISC_TRUE;

+ } else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "incorrect operation code: %s\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ return (make_prereq(cmdline, ispositive, isrrset));

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_server(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word, *server;

+ long port;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read server name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ server = word;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0)

+ port = DNSDEFAULTPORT;

+ else {

+ char *endp;

+ port = strtol(word, &endp, 10);

+ if (*endp != 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "port '%s' is not numeric\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ } else if (port < 1 || port > 65535) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "port '%s' is out of range "

+ "(1 to 65535)\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ }

+

+ if (userserver == NULL) {

+ userserver = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+ if (userserver == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ }

+

+ get_address(server, (in_port_t)port, userserver);

+

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_local(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word, *local;

+ long port;

+ struct in_addr in4;

+ struct in6_addr in6;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read server name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ local = word;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0)

+ port = 0;

+ else {

+ char *endp;

+ port = strtol(word, &endp, 10);

+ if (*endp != 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "port '%s' is not numeric\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ } else if (port < 1 || port > 65535) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "port '%s' is out of range "

+ "(1 to 65535)\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ }

+

+ if (localaddr == NULL) {

+ localaddr = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(isc_sockaddr_t));

+ if (localaddr == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ }

+

+ if (have_ipv6 && inet_pton(AF_INET6, local, &in6) == 1)

+ isc_sockaddr_fromin6(localaddr, &in6, (in_port_t)port);

+ else if (have_ipv4 && inet_pton(AF_INET, local, &in4) == 1)

+ isc_sockaddr_fromin(localaddr, &in4, (in_port_t)port);

+ else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "invalid address %s", local);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_key(char *cmdline) {

+ char *namestr;

+ char *secretstr;

+ isc_buffer_t b;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_fixedname_t fkeyname;

+ dns_name_t *keyname;

+ int secretlen;

+ unsigned char *secret = NULL;

+ isc_buffer_t secretbuf;

+ dns_name_t *hmacname = NULL;

+ isc_uint16_t digestbits = 0;

+ char *n;

+

+ namestr = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*namestr == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read key name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ dns_fixedname_init(&fkeyname);

+ keyname = dns_fixedname_name(&fkeyname);

+

+ n = strchr(namestr, ':');

+ if (n != NULL) {

+ digestbits = parse_hmac(&hmacname, namestr, n - namestr);

+ namestr = n + 1;

+ } else

+ hmacname = DNS_TSIG_HMACMD5_NAME;

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&b, namestr, strlen(namestr));

+ isc_buffer_add(&b, strlen(namestr));

+ result = dns_name_fromtext(keyname, &b, dns_rootname, ISC_FALSE, NULL);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not parse key name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ secretstr = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, "\r\n");

+ if (*secretstr == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read key secret\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ secretlen = strlen(secretstr) * 3 / 4;

+ secret = isc_mem_allocate(mctx, secretlen);

+ if (secret == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&secretbuf, secret, secretlen);

+ result = isc_base64_decodestring(secretstr, &secretbuf);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not create key from %s: %s\n",

+ secretstr, isc_result_totext(result));

+ isc_mem_free(mctx, secret);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ secretlen = isc_buffer_usedlength(&secretbuf);

+

+ if (tsigkey != NULL)

+ dns_tsigkey_detach(&tsigkey);

+ result = dns_tsigkey_create(keyname, hmacname, secret, secretlen,

+ ISC_TRUE, NULL, 0, 0, mctx, NULL,

+ &tsigkey);

+ isc_mem_free(mctx, secret);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not create key from %s %s: %s\n",

+ namestr, secretstr, dns_result_totext(result));

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ dst_key_setbits(tsigkey->key, digestbits);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_zone(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word;

+ isc_buffer_t b;

+ isc_result_t result;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read zone name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ dns_fixedname_init(&fuserzone);

+ userzone = dns_fixedname_name(&fuserzone);

+ isc_buffer_init(&b, word, strlen(word));

+ isc_buffer_add(&b, strlen(word));

+ result = dns_name_fromtext(userzone, &b, dns_rootname, ISC_FALSE,

+ NULL);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ userzone = NULL; /* Lest it point to an invalid name */

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not parse zone name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_class(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word;

+ isc_textregion_t r;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_rdataclass_t rdclass;

+

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read class name\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+

+ r.base = word;

+ r.length = strlen(word);

+ result = dns_rdataclass_fromtext(&rdclass, &r);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not parse class name: %s\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ switch (rdclass) {

+ case dns_rdataclass_none:

+ case dns_rdataclass_any:

+ case dns_rdataclass_reserved0:

+ fprintf(stderr, "bad default class: %s\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ default:

+ defaultclass = rdclass;

+ }

+

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+update_addordelete(char *cmdline, isc_boolean_t isdelete) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_name_t *name = NULL;

+ isc_uint32_t ttl;

+ char *word;

+ dns_rdataclass_t rdataclass;

+ dns_rdatatype_t rdatatype;

+ dns_rdata_t *rdata = NULL;

+ dns_rdatalist_t *rdatalist = NULL;

+ dns_rdataset_t *rdataset = NULL;

+ isc_textregion_t region;

+ isc_uint16_t retval;

+

+ ddebug("update_addordelete()");

+

+ /*

+ * Read the owner name.

+ */

+ retval = parse_name(&cmdline, updatemsg, &name);

+ if (retval != STATUS_MORE)

+ return (retval);

+

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdata(updatemsg, &rdata);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdata");

+

+ rdata->rdclass = 0;

+ rdata->type = 0;

+ rdata->data = NULL;

+ rdata->length = 0;

+

+ /*

+ * If this is an add, read the TTL and verify that it's in range.

+ * If it's a delete, ignore a TTL if present (for compatibility).

+ */

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ if (!isdelete) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read owner ttl\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ else {

+ ttl = 0;

+ rdataclass = dns_rdataclass_any;

+ rdatatype = dns_rdatatype_any;

+ rdata->flags = DNS_RDATA_UPDATE;

+ goto doneparsing;

+ }

+ }

+ result = isc_parse_uint32(&ttl, word, 10);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ if (isdelete) {

+ ttl = 0;

+ goto parseclass;

+ } else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "ttl '%s': %s\n", word,

+ isc_result_totext(result));

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+

+ if (isdelete)

+ ttl = 0;

+ else if (ttl > TTL_MAX) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "ttl '%s' is out of range (0 to %u)\n",

+ word, TTL_MAX);

+ goto failure;

+ }

+

+ /*

+ * Read the class or type.

+ */

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ parseclass:

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ if (isdelete) {

+ rdataclass = dns_rdataclass_any;

+ rdatatype = dns_rdatatype_any;

+ rdata->flags = DNS_RDATA_UPDATE;

+ goto doneparsing;

+ } else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read class or type\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+ region.base = word;

+ region.length = strlen(word);

+ result = dns_rdataclass_fromtext(&rdataclass, &region);

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ if (!setzoneclass(rdataclass)) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "class mismatch: %s\n", word);

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ /*

+ * Now read the type.

+ */

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ if (isdelete) {

+ rdataclass = dns_rdataclass_any;

+ rdatatype = dns_rdatatype_any;

+ rdata->flags = DNS_RDATA_UPDATE;

+ goto doneparsing;

+ } else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read type\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+ region.base = word;

+ region.length = strlen(word);

+ result = dns_rdatatype_fromtext(&rdatatype, &region);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "'%s' is not a valid type: %s\n",

+ word, isc_result_totext(result));

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ } else {

+ rdataclass = getzoneclass();

+ result = dns_rdatatype_fromtext(&rdatatype, &region);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "'%s' is not a valid class or type: "

+ "%s\n", word, isc_result_totext(result));

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+

+ retval = parse_rdata(&cmdline, rdataclass, rdatatype, updatemsg,

+ rdata);

+ if (retval != STATUS_MORE)

+ goto failure;

+

+ if (isdelete) {

+ if ((rdata->flags & DNS_RDATA_UPDATE) != 0)

+ rdataclass = dns_rdataclass_any;

+ else

+ rdataclass = dns_rdataclass_none;

+ } else {

+ if ((rdata->flags & DNS_RDATA_UPDATE) != 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read rdata\n");

+ goto failure;

+ }

+ }

+

+ doneparsing:

+

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdatalist(updatemsg, &rdatalist);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdatalist");

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdataset(updatemsg, &rdataset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdataset");

+ dns_rdatalist_init(rdatalist);

+ rdatalist->type = rdatatype;

+ rdatalist->rdclass = rdataclass;

+ rdatalist->covers = rdatatype;

+ rdatalist->ttl = (dns_ttl_t)ttl;

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(rdatalist->rdata);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(rdatalist->rdata, rdata, link);

+ dns_rdataset_init(rdataset);

+ dns_rdatalist_tordataset(rdatalist, rdataset);

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(name->list);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(name->list, rdataset, link);

+ dns_message_addname(updatemsg, name, DNS_SECTION_UPDATE);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+

+ failure:

+ if (name != NULL)

+ dns_message_puttempname(updatemsg, &name);

+ if (rdata != NULL)

+ dns_message_puttemprdata(updatemsg, &rdata);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+}

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+evaluate_update(char *cmdline) {

+ char *word;

+ isc_boolean_t isdelete;

+

+ ddebug("evaluate_update()");

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+ if (*word == 0) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not read operation code\n");

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "delete") == 0)

+ isdelete = ISC_TRUE;

+ else if (strcasecmp(word, "add") == 0)

+ isdelete = ISC_FALSE;

+ else {

+ fprintf(stderr, "incorrect operation code: %s\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+ }

+ return (update_addordelete(cmdline, isdelete));

+}

+

+static void

+setzone(dns_name_t *zonename) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_name_t *name = NULL;

+ dns_rdataset_t *rdataset = NULL;

+

+ result = dns_message_firstname(updatemsg, DNS_SECTION_ZONE);

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ dns_message_currentname(updatemsg, DNS_SECTION_ZONE, &name);

+ dns_message_removename(updatemsg, name, DNS_SECTION_ZONE);

+ for (rdataset = ISC_LIST_HEAD(name->list);

+ rdataset != NULL;

+ rdataset = ISC_LIST_HEAD(name->list)) {

+ ISC_LIST_UNLINK(name->list, rdataset, link);

+ dns_rdataset_disassociate(rdataset);

+ dns_message_puttemprdataset(updatemsg, &rdataset);

+ }

+ dns_message_puttempname(updatemsg, &name);

+ }

+

+ if (zonename != NULL) {

+ result = dns_message_gettempname(updatemsg, &name);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettempname");

+ dns_name_init(name, NULL);

+ dns_name_clone(zonename, name);

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdataset(updatemsg, &rdataset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdataset");

+ dns_rdataset_makequestion(rdataset, getzoneclass(),

+ dns_rdatatype_soa);

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(name->list);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(name->list, rdataset, link);

+ dns_message_addname(updatemsg, name, DNS_SECTION_ZONE);

+ }

+}

+

+static void

+show_message(dns_message_t *msg) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ isc_buffer_t *buf = NULL;

+ int bufsz;

+

+ ddebug("show_message()");

+

+ setzone(userzone);

+

+ bufsz = INITTEXT;

+ do {

+ if (bufsz > MAXTEXT) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not allocate large enough "

+ "buffer to display message\n");

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ if (buf != NULL)

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &buf, bufsz);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ result = dns_message_totext(msg, style, 0, buf);

+ bufsz *= 2;

+ } while (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not convert message to text format.\n");

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ return;

+ }

+ printf("Outgoing update query:\n%.*s",

+ (int)isc_buffer_usedlength(buf),

+ (char*)isc_buffer_base(buf));

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+}

+

+

+static isc_uint16_t

+get_next_command(void) {

+ char cmdlinebuf[MAXCMD];

+ char *cmdline;

+ char *word;

+

+ ddebug("get_next_command()");

+ if (interactive) {

+ fprintf(stdout, "> ");

+ fflush(stdout);

+ }

+ isc_app_block();

+ cmdline = fgets(cmdlinebuf, MAXCMD, input);

+ isc_app_unblock();

+ if (cmdline == NULL)

+ return (STATUS_QUIT);

+ word = nsu_strsep(&cmdline, " \t\r\n");

+

+ if (feof(input))

+ return (STATUS_QUIT);

+ if (*word == 0)

+ return (STATUS_SEND);

+ if (word[0] == ';')

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "quit") == 0)

+ return (STATUS_QUIT);

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "prereq") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_prereq(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "update") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_update(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "server") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_server(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "local") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_local(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "zone") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_zone(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "class") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_class(cmdline));

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "send") == 0)

+ return (STATUS_SEND);

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "show") == 0) {

+ show_message(updatemsg);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+ }

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "answer") == 0) {

+ if (answer != NULL)

+ show_message(answer);

+ return (STATUS_MORE);

+ }

+ if (strcasecmp(word, "key") == 0)

+ return (evaluate_key(cmdline));

+ fprintf(stderr, "incorrect section name: %s\n", word);

+ return (STATUS_SYNTAX);

+}

+

+static isc_boolean_t

+user_interaction(void) {

+ isc_uint16_t result = STATUS_MORE;

+

+ ddebug("user_interaction()");

+ while ((result == STATUS_MORE) || (result == STATUS_SYNTAX)) {

+ result = get_next_command();

+ if (!interactive && result == STATUS_SYNTAX)

+ fatal("syntax error");

+ }

+ if (result == STATUS_SEND)

+ return (ISC_TRUE);

+ return (ISC_FALSE);

+

+}

+

+static void

+done_update(void) {

+ isc_event_t *event = global_event;

+ ddebug("done_update()");

+ isc_task_send(global_task, &event);

+}

+

+static void

+check_tsig_error(dns_rdataset_t *rdataset, isc_buffer_t *b) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_rdata_t rdata = DNS_RDATA_INIT;

+ dns_rdata_any_tsig_t tsig;

+

+ result = dns_rdataset_first(rdataset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_rdataset_first");

+ dns_rdataset_current(rdataset, &rdata);

+ result = dns_rdata_tostruct(&rdata, &tsig, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct");

+ if (tsig.error != 0) {

+ if (isc_buffer_remaininglength(b) < 1)

+ check_result(ISC_R_NOSPACE, "isc_buffer_remaininglength");

+ isc__buffer_putstr(b, "(" /*)*/);

+ result = dns_tsigrcode_totext(tsig.error, b);

+ check_result(result, "dns_tsigrcode_totext");

+ if (isc_buffer_remaininglength(b) < 1)

+ check_result(ISC_R_NOSPACE, "isc_buffer_remaininglength");

+ isc__buffer_putstr(b, /*(*/ ")");

+ }

+}

+

+static void

+update_completed(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event) {

+ dns_requestevent_t *reqev = NULL;

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_request_t *request;

+

+ UNUSED(task);

+

+ ddebug("update_completed()");

+

+ requests--;

+

+ REQUIRE(event->ev_type == DNS_EVENT_REQUESTDONE);

+ reqev = (dns_requestevent_t *)event;

+ request = reqev->request;

+

+ if (shuttingdown) {

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+ maybeshutdown();

+ return;

+ }

+

+ if (reqev->result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "; Communication with server failed: %s\n",

+ isc_result_totext(reqev->result));

+ seenerror = ISC_TRUE;

+ goto done;

+ }

+

+ result = dns_message_create(mctx, DNS_MESSAGE_INTENTPARSE, &answer);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_create");

+ result = dns_request_getresponse(request, answer,

+ DNS_MESSAGEPARSE_PRESERVEORDER);

+ switch (result) {

+ case ISC_R_SUCCESS:

+ break;

+ case DNS_R_CLOCKSKEW:

+ case DNS_R_EXPECTEDTSIG:

+ case DNS_R_TSIGERRORSET:

+ case DNS_R_TSIGVERIFYFAILURE:

+ case DNS_R_UNEXPECTEDTSIG:

+ fprintf(stderr, "; TSIG error with server: %s\n",

+ isc_result_totext(result));

+ seenerror = ISC_TRUE;

+ break;

+ default:

+ check_result(result, "dns_request_getresponse");

+ }

+

+ if (answer->rcode != dns_rcode_noerror) {

+ seenerror = ISC_TRUE;

+ if (!debugging) {

+ char buf[64];

+ isc_buffer_t b;

+ dns_rdataset_t *rds;

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&b, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);

+ result = dns_rcode_totext(answer->rcode, &b);

+ check_result(result, "dns_rcode_totext");

+ rds = dns_message_gettsig(answer, NULL);

+ if (rds != NULL)

+ check_tsig_error(rds, &b);

+ fprintf(stderr, "update failed: %.*s\n",

+ (int)isc_buffer_usedlength(&b), buf);

+ }

+ }

+ if (debugging) {

+ isc_buffer_t *buf = NULL;

+ int bufsz;

+

+ bufsz = INITTEXT;

+ do {

+ if (bufsz > MAXTEXT) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not allocate large "

+ "enough buffer to display message\n");

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ if (buf != NULL)

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &buf, bufsz);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ result = dns_message_totext(answer, style, 0, buf);

+ bufsz *= 2;

+ } while (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_totext");

+ fprintf(stderr, "\nReply from update query:\n%.*s\n",

+ (int)isc_buffer_usedlength(buf),

+ (char*)isc_buffer_base(buf));

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ }

+ done:

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+ done_update();

+}

+

+static void

+send_update(dns_name_t *zonename, isc_sockaddr_t *master,

+ isc_sockaddr_t *srcaddr)

+{

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_request_t *request = NULL;

+ unsigned int options = 0;

+

+ ddebug("send_update()");

+

+ setzone(zonename);

+

+ if (usevc)

+ options |= DNS_REQUESTOPT_TCP;

+ if (tsigkey == NULL && sig0key != NULL) {

+ result = dns_message_setsig0key(updatemsg, sig0key);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_setsig0key");

+ }

+ if (debugging) {

+ char addrbuf[ISC_SOCKADDR_FORMATSIZE];

+

+ isc_sockaddr_format(master, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));

+ fprintf(stderr, "Sending update to %s\n", addrbuf);

+ }

+ result = dns_request_createvia3(requestmgr, updatemsg, srcaddr,

+ master, options, tsigkey, timeout,

+ udp_timeout, udp_retries, global_task,

+ update_completed, NULL, &request);

+ check_result(result, "dns_request_createvia3");

+

+ if (debugging)

+ show_message(updatemsg);

+

+ requests++;

+}

+

+static void

+recvsoa(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event) {

+ dns_requestevent_t *reqev = NULL;

+ dns_request_t *request = NULL;

+ isc_result_t result, eresult;

+ dns_message_t *rcvmsg = NULL;

+ dns_section_t section;

+ dns_name_t *name = NULL;

+ dns_rdataset_t *soaset = NULL;

+ dns_rdata_soa_t soa;

+ dns_rdata_t soarr = DNS_RDATA_INIT;

+ int pass = 0;

+ dns_name_t master;

+ isc_sockaddr_t *serveraddr, tempaddr;

+ dns_name_t *zonename;

+ nsu_requestinfo_t *reqinfo;

+ dns_message_t *soaquery = NULL;

+ isc_sockaddr_t *addr;

+ isc_boolean_t seencname = ISC_FALSE;

+ dns_name_t tname;

+ unsigned int nlabels;

+

+ UNUSED(task);

+

+ ddebug("recvsoa()");

+

+ requests--;

+

+ REQUIRE(event->ev_type == DNS_EVENT_REQUESTDONE);

+ reqev = (dns_requestevent_t *)event;

+ request = reqev->request;

+ eresult = reqev->result;

+ reqinfo = reqev->ev_arg;

+ soaquery = reqinfo->msg;

+ addr = reqinfo->addr;

+

+ if (shuttingdown) {

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ dns_message_destroy(&soaquery);

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, reqinfo, sizeof(nsu_requestinfo_t));

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+ maybeshutdown();

+ return;

+ }

+

+ if (eresult != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ char addrbuf[ISC_SOCKADDR_FORMATSIZE];

+

+ isc_sockaddr_format(addr, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));

+ fprintf(stderr, "; Communication with %s failed: %s\n",

+ addrbuf, isc_result_totext(eresult));

+ if (userserver != NULL)

+ fatal("could not talk to specified name server");

+ else if (++ns_inuse >= lwconf->nsnext)

+ fatal("could not talk to any default name server");

+ ddebug("Destroying request [%p]", request);

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ dns_message_renderreset(soaquery);

+ dns_message_settsigkey(soaquery, NULL);

+ sendrequest(localaddr, &servers[ns_inuse], soaquery, &request);

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, reqinfo, sizeof(nsu_requestinfo_t));

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+ setzoneclass(dns_rdataclass_none);

+ return;

+ }

+

+ isc_mem_put(mctx, reqinfo, sizeof(nsu_requestinfo_t));

+ reqinfo = NULL;

+ isc_event_free(&event);

+ reqev = NULL;

+

+ ddebug("About to create rcvmsg");

+ result = dns_message_create(mctx, DNS_MESSAGE_INTENTPARSE, &rcvmsg);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_create");

+ result = dns_request_getresponse(request, rcvmsg,

+ DNS_MESSAGEPARSE_PRESERVEORDER);

+ if (result == DNS_R_TSIGERRORSET && userserver != NULL) {

+ dns_message_destroy(&rcvmsg);

+ ddebug("Destroying request [%p]", request);

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ reqinfo = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(nsu_requestinfo_t));

+ if (reqinfo == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ reqinfo->msg = soaquery;

+ reqinfo->addr = addr;

+ dns_message_renderreset(soaquery);

+ ddebug("retrying soa request without TSIG");

+ result = dns_request_createvia3(requestmgr, soaquery,

+ localaddr, addr, 0, NULL,

+ FIND_TIMEOUT * 20,

+ FIND_TIMEOUT, 3,

+ global_task, recvsoa, reqinfo,

+ &request);

+ check_result(result, "dns_request_createvia");

+ requests++;

+ return;

+ }

+ check_result(result, "dns_request_getresponse");

+ section = DNS_SECTION_ANSWER;

+ if (debugging) {

+ isc_buffer_t *buf = NULL;

+ int bufsz;

+ bufsz = INITTEXT;

+ do {

+ if (buf != NULL)

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ if (bufsz > MAXTEXT) {

+ fprintf(stderr, "could not allocate enough "

+ "space for debugging message\n");

+ exit(1);

+ }

+ result = isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &buf, bufsz);

+ check_result(result, "isc_buffer_allocate");

+ result = dns_message_totext(rcvmsg, style, 0, buf);

+ } while (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_totext");

+ fprintf(stderr, "Reply from SOA query:\n%.*s\n",

+ (int)isc_buffer_usedlength(buf),

+ (char*)isc_buffer_base(buf));

+ isc_buffer_free(&buf);

+ }

+

+ if (rcvmsg->rcode != dns_rcode_noerror &&

+ rcvmsg->rcode != dns_rcode_nxdomain)

+ fatal("response to SOA query was unsuccessful");

+

+ if (userzone != NULL && rcvmsg->rcode == dns_rcode_nxdomain) {

+ char namebuf[DNS_NAME_FORMATSIZE];

+ dns_name_format(userzone, namebuf, sizeof(namebuf));

+ error("specified zone '%s' does not exist (NXDOMAIN)",

+ namebuf);

+ dns_message_destroy(&rcvmsg);

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ dns_message_destroy(&soaquery);

+ ddebug("Out of recvsoa");

+ done_update();

+ return;

+ }

+

+ lookforsoa:

+ if (pass == 0)

+ section = DNS_SECTION_ANSWER;

+ else if (pass == 1)

+ section = DNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY;

+ else

+ goto droplabel;

+

+ result = dns_message_firstname(rcvmsg, section);

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ pass++;

+ goto lookforsoa;

+ }

+ while (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ name = NULL;

+ dns_message_currentname(rcvmsg, section, &name);

+ soaset = NULL;

+ result = dns_message_findtype(name, dns_rdatatype_soa, 0,

+ &soaset);

+ if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS)

+ break;

+ if (section == DNS_SECTION_ANSWER) {

+ dns_rdataset_t *tset = NULL;

+ if (dns_message_findtype(name, dns_rdatatype_cname, 0,

+ &tset) == ISC_R_SUCCESS

+ ||

+ dns_message_findtype(name, dns_rdatatype_dname, 0,

+ &tset) == ISC_R_SUCCESS

+ )

+ {

+ seencname = ISC_TRUE;

+ break;

+ }

+ }

+

+ result = dns_message_nextname(rcvmsg, section);

+ }

+

+ if (soaset == NULL && !seencname) {

+ pass++;

+ goto lookforsoa;

+ }

+

+ if (seencname)

+ goto droplabel;

+

+ if (debugging) {

+ char namestr[DNS_NAME_FORMATSIZE];

+ dns_name_format(name, namestr, sizeof(namestr));

+ fprintf(stderr, "Found zone name: %s\n", namestr);

+ }

+

+ result = dns_rdataset_first(soaset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_rdataset_first");

+

+ dns_rdata_init(&soarr);

+ dns_rdataset_current(soaset, &soarr);

+ result = dns_rdata_tostruct(&soarr, &soa, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct");

+

+ dns_name_init(&master, NULL);

+ dns_name_clone(&soa.origin, &master);

+

+ if (userzone != NULL)

+ zonename = userzone;

+ else

+ zonename = name;

+

+ if (debugging) {

+ char namestr[DNS_NAME_FORMATSIZE];

+ dns_name_format(&master, namestr, sizeof(namestr));

+ fprintf(stderr, "The master is: %s\n", namestr);

+ }

+

+ if (userserver != NULL)

+ serveraddr = userserver;

+ else {

+ char serverstr[DNS_NAME_MAXTEXT+1];

+ isc_buffer_t buf;

+

+ isc_buffer_init(&buf, serverstr, sizeof(serverstr));

+ result = dns_name_totext(&master, ISC_TRUE, &buf);

+ check_result(result, "dns_name_totext");

+ serverstr[isc_buffer_usedlength(&buf)] = 0;

+ get_address(serverstr, DNSDEFAULTPORT, &tempaddr);

+ serveraddr = &tempaddr;

+ }

+ dns_rdata_freestruct(&soa);

+

+ send_update(zonename, serveraddr, localaddr);

+ setzoneclass(dns_rdataclass_none);

+

+ dns_message_destroy(&soaquery);

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+

+ out:

+ dns_message_destroy(&rcvmsg);

+ ddebug("Out of recvsoa");

+ return;

+

+ droplabel:

+ result = dns_message_firstname(soaquery, DNS_SECTION_QUESTION);

+ INSIST(result == ISC_R_SUCCESS);

+ name = NULL;

+ dns_message_currentname(soaquery, DNS_SECTION_QUESTION, &name);

+ nlabels = dns_name_countlabels(name);

+ if (nlabels == 1)

+ fatal("could not find enclosing zone");

+ dns_name_init(&tname, NULL);

+ dns_name_getlabelsequence(name, 1, nlabels - 1, &tname);

+ dns_name_clone(&tname, name);

+ dns_request_destroy(&request);

+ dns_message_renderreset(soaquery);

+ dns_message_settsigkey(soaquery, NULL);

+ if (userserver != NULL)

+ sendrequest(localaddr, userserver, soaquery, &request);

+ else

+ sendrequest(localaddr, &servers[ns_inuse], soaquery,

+ &request);

+ goto out;

+}

+

+static void

+sendrequest(isc_sockaddr_t *srcaddr, isc_sockaddr_t *destaddr,

+ dns_message_t *msg, dns_request_t **request)

+{

+ isc_result_t result;

+ nsu_requestinfo_t *reqinfo;

+

+ reqinfo = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(nsu_requestinfo_t));

+ if (reqinfo == NULL)

+ fatal("out of memory");

+ reqinfo->msg = msg;

+ reqinfo->addr = destaddr;

+ result = dns_request_createvia3(requestmgr, msg, srcaddr, destaddr, 0,

+ (userserver != NULL) ? tsigkey : NULL,

+ FIND_TIMEOUT * 20, FIND_TIMEOUT, 3,

+ global_task, recvsoa, reqinfo, request);

+ check_result(result, "dns_request_createvia");

+ requests++;

+}

+

+static void

+start_update(void) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ dns_rdataset_t *rdataset = NULL;

+ dns_name_t *name = NULL;

+ dns_request_t *request = NULL;

+ dns_message_t *soaquery = NULL;

+ dns_name_t *firstname;

+ dns_section_t section = DNS_SECTION_UPDATE;

+

+ ddebug("start_update()");

+

+ if (answer != NULL)

+ dns_message_destroy(&answer);

+

+ if (userzone != NULL && userserver != NULL) {

+ send_update(userzone, userserver, localaddr);

+ setzoneclass(dns_rdataclass_none);

+ return;

+ }

+

+ result = dns_message_create(mctx, DNS_MESSAGE_INTENTRENDER,

+ &soaquery);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_create");

+

+ if (userserver == NULL)

+ soaquery->flags |= DNS_MESSAGEFLAG_RD;

+

+ result = dns_message_gettempname(soaquery, &name);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettempname");

+

+ result = dns_message_gettemprdataset(soaquery, &rdataset);

+ check_result(result, "dns_message_gettemprdataset");

+

+ dns_rdataset_makequestion(rdataset, getzoneclass(), dns_rdatatype_soa);

+

+ if (userzone != NULL) {

+ dns_name_init(name, NULL);

+ dns_name_clone(userzone, name);

+ } else {

+ result = dns_message_firstname(updatemsg, section);

+ if (result == ISC_R_NOMORE) {

+ section = DNS_SECTION_PREREQUISITE;

+ result = dns_message_firstname(updatemsg, section);

+ }

+ if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {

+ dns_message_puttempname(soaquery, &name);

+ dns_rdataset_disassociate(rdataset);

+ dns_message_puttemprdataset(soaquery, &rdataset);

+ dns_message_destroy(&soaquery);

+ done_update();

+ return;

+ }

+ firstname = NULL;

+ dns_message_currentname(updatemsg, section, &firstname);

+ dns_name_init(name, NULL);

+ dns_name_clone(firstname, name);

+ }

+

+ ISC_LIST_INIT(name->list);

+ ISC_LIST_APPEND(name->list, rdataset, link);

+ dns_message_addname(soaquery, name, DNS_SECTION_QUESTION);

+

+ if (userserver != NULL)

+ sendrequest(localaddr, userserver, soaquery, &request);

+ else {

+ ns_inuse = 0;

+ sendrequest(localaddr, &servers[ns_inuse], soaquery, &request);

+ }

+}

+

+static void

+cleanup(void) {

+ ddebug("cleanup()");

+

+ if (answer != NULL)

+ dns_message_destroy(&answer);

+ ddebug("Shutting down task manager");

+ isc_taskmgr_destroy(&taskmgr);

+

+ ddebug("Destroying event");

+ isc_event_free(&global_event);

+

+ ddebug("Shutting down socket manager");

+ isc_socketmgr_destroy(&socketmgr);

+

+ ddebug("Shutting down timer manager");

+ isc_timermgr_destroy(&timermgr);

+

+ ddebug("Destroying hash context");

+ isc_hash_destroy();

+

+ ddebug("Destroying name state");

+ dns_name_destroy();

+

+ ddebug("Destroying memory context");

+ if (memdebugging)

+ isc_mem_stats(mctx, stderr);

+ isc_mem_destroy(&mctx);

+}

+

+static void

+getinput(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event) {

+ isc_boolean_t more;

+

+ UNUSED(task);

+

+ if (shuttingdown) {

+ maybeshutdown();

+ return;

+ }

+

+ if (global_event == NULL)

+ global_event = event;

+

+ reset_system();

+ more = user_interaction();

+ if (!more) {

+ isc_app_shutdown();

+ return;

+ }

+ start_update();

+ return;

+}

+

+int

+main(int argc, char **argv) {

+ isc_result_t result;

+ style = &dns_master_style_debug;

+

+ input = stdin;

+

+ interactive = ISC_TF(isatty(0));

+

+ isc_app_start();

+

+ parse_args(argc, argv);

+

+ setup_system();

+

+ result = isc_app_onrun(mctx, global_task, getinput, NULL);

+ check_result(result, "isc_app_onrun");

+

+ (void)isc_app_run();

+

+ cleanup();

+

+ isc_app_finish();

+

+ if (seenerror)

+ return (2);

+ else

+ return (0);

+}

+<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"

+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"

+ [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>

+<!--

+ - Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+ - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.

+ -

+ - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any

+ - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

+ - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

+ -

+ - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

+ - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

+ - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

+ - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM

+ - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

+ - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

+ - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

+-->

+

+<!-- $Id: nsupdate.docbook,v 1.18.18.10 2007/08/28 07:20:01 tbox Exp $ -->

+<refentry>

+ <refentryinfo>

+ <date>Jun 30, 2000</date>

+ </refentryinfo>

+ <refmeta>

+ <refentrytitle>nsupdate</refentrytitle>

+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

+ <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>

+ </refmeta>

+ <refnamediv>

+ <refname>nsupdate</refname>

+ <refpurpose>Dynamic DNS update utility</refpurpose>

+ </refnamediv>

+

+ <docinfo>

+ <copyright>

+ <year>2004</year>

+ <year>2005</year>

+ <year>2006</year>

+ <year>2007</year>

+ <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>

+ </copyright>

+ <copyright>

+ <year>2000</year>

+ <year>2001</year>

+ <year>2002</year>

+ <year>2003</year>

+ <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>

+ </copyright>

+ </docinfo>

+

+ <refsynopsisdiv>

+ <cmdsynopsis>

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ <arg><option>-d</option></arg>

+ <group>

+ <arg><option>-y <replaceable class="parameter"><optional>hmac:</optional>keyname:secret</replaceable></option></arg>

+ <arg><option>-k <replaceable class="parameter">keyfile</replaceable></option></arg>

+ </group>

+ <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">timeout</replaceable></option></arg>

+ <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">udptimeout</replaceable></option></arg>

+ <arg><option>-r <replaceable class="parameter">udpretries</replaceable></option></arg>

+ <arg><option>-v</option></arg>

+ <arg>filename</arg>

+ </cmdsynopsis>

+ </refsynopsisdiv>

+

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>DESCRIPTION</title>

+ <para><command>nsupdate</command>

+ is used to submit Dynamic DNS Update requests as defined in RFC2136

+ to a name server.

+ This allows resource records to be added or removed from a zone

+ without manually editing the zone file.

+ A single update request can contain requests to add or remove more than

+ one

+ resource record.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ Zones that are under dynamic control via

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ or a DHCP server should not be edited by hand.

+ Manual edits could

+ conflict with dynamic updates and cause data to be lost.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The resource records that are dynamically added or removed with

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ have to be in the same zone.

+ Requests are sent to the zone's master server.

+ This is identified by the MNAME field of the zone's SOA record.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The

+ <option>-d</option>

+ option makes

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ operate in debug mode.

+ This provides tracing information about the update requests that are

+ made and the replies received from the name server.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ Transaction signatures can be used to authenticate the Dynamic DNS

+ updates.

+ These use the TSIG resource record type described in RFC2845 or the

+ SIG(0) record described in RFC3535 and RFC2931.

+ TSIG relies on a shared secret that should only be known to

+ <command>nsupdate</command> and the name server.

+ Currently, the only supported encryption algorithm for TSIG is

+ HMAC-MD5, which is defined in RFC 2104.

+ Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to

+ ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when

+ authenticating each other.

+ For instance, suitable

+ <type>key</type>

+ and

+ <type>server</type>

+ statements would be added to

+ <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>

+ so that the name server can associate the appropriate secret key

+ and algorithm with the IP address of the

+ client application that will be using TSIG authentication.

+ SIG(0) uses public key cryptography. To use a SIG(0) key, the public

+ key must be stored in a KEY record in a zone served by the name server.

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ does not read

+ <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>.

+ </para>

+ <para><command>nsupdate</command>

+ uses the <option>-y</option> or <option>-k</option> option

+ to provide the shared secret needed to generate a TSIG record

+ for authenticating Dynamic DNS update requests, default type

+ HMAC-MD5. These options are mutually exclusive. With the

+ <option>-k</option> option, <command>nsupdate</command> reads

+ the shared secret from the file <parameter>keyfile</parameter>,

+ whose name is of the form

+ <filename>K{name}.+157.+{random}.private</filename>. For

+ historical reasons, the file

+ <filename>K{name}.+157.+{random}.key</filename> must also be

+ present. When the <option>-y</option> option is used, a

+ signature is generated from

+ <optional><parameter>hmac:</parameter></optional><parameter>keyname:secret.</parameter>

+ <parameter>keyname</parameter> is the name of the key, and

+ <parameter>secret</parameter> is the base64 encoded shared

+ secret. Use of the <option>-y</option> option is discouraged

+ because the shared secret is supplied as a command line

+ argument in clear text. This may be visible in the output

+ from

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>ps</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>

+ </citerefentry> or in a history file maintained by the user's

+ shell.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The <option>-k</option> may also be used to specify a SIG(0) key used

+ to authenticate Dynamic DNS update requests. In this case, the key

+ specified is not an HMAC-MD5 key.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ By default

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ uses UDP to send update requests to the name server unless they are too

+ large to fit in a UDP request in which case TCP will be used.

+ The

+ <option>-v</option>

+ option makes

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ use a TCP connection.

+ This may be preferable when a batch of update requests is made.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The <option>-t</option> option sets the maximum time an update request

+ can

+ take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be

+ used

+ to disable the timeout.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The <option>-u</option> option sets the UDP retry interval. The default

+ is

+ 3 seconds. If zero, the interval will be computed from the timeout

+ interval

+ and number of UDP retries.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The <option>-r</option> option sets the number of UDP retries. The

+ default is

+ 3. If zero, only one update request will be made.

+ </para>

+ </refsect1>

+

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>INPUT FORMAT</title>

+ <para><command>nsupdate</command>

+ reads input from

+ <parameter>filename</parameter>

+ or standard input.

+ Each command is supplied on exactly one line of input.

+ Some commands are for administrative purposes.

+ The others are either update instructions or prerequisite checks on the

+ contents of the zone.

+ These checks set conditions that some name or set of

+ resource records (RRset) either exists or is absent from the zone.

+ These conditions must be met if the entire update request is to succeed.

+ Updates will be rejected if the tests for the prerequisite conditions

+ fail.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ Every update request consists of zero or more prerequisites

+ and zero or more updates.

+ This allows a suitably authenticated update request to proceed if some

+ specified resource records are present or missing from the zone.

+ A blank input line (or the <command>send</command> command)

+ causes the

+ accumulated commands to be sent as one Dynamic DNS update request to the

+ name server.

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The command formats and their meaning are as follows:

+ <variablelist>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>server</command>

+ <arg choice="req">servername</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">port</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Sends all dynamic update requests to the name server

+ <parameter>servername</parameter>.

+ When no server statement is provided,

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ will send updates to the master server of the correct zone.

+ The MNAME field of that zone's SOA record will identify the

+ master

+ server for that zone.

+ <parameter>port</parameter>

+ is the port number on

+ <parameter>servername</parameter>

+ where the dynamic update requests get sent.

+ If no port number is specified, the default DNS port number of

+ 53 is

+ used.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>local</command>

+ <arg choice="req">address</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">port</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Sends all dynamic update requests using the local

+ <parameter>address</parameter>.

+

+ When no local statement is provided,

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ will send updates using an address and port chosen by the

+ system.

+ <parameter>port</parameter>

+ can additionally be used to make requests come from a specific

+ port.

+ If no port number is specified, the system will assign one.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>zone</command>

+ <arg choice="req">zonename</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Specifies that all updates are to be made to the zone

+ <parameter>zonename</parameter>.

+ If no

+ <parameter>zone</parameter>

+ statement is provided,

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ will attempt determine the correct zone to update based on the

+ rest of the input.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>class</command>

+ <arg choice="req">classname</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Specify the default class.

+ If no <parameter>class</parameter> is specified, the

+ default class is

+ <parameter>IN</parameter>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>key</command>

+ <arg choice="req">name</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">secret</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG-signed using the

+ <parameter>keyname</parameter> <parameter>keysecret</parameter> pair.

+ The <command>key</command> command

+ overrides any key specified on the command line via

+ <option>-y</option> or <option>-k</option>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>prereq nxdomain</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Requires that no resource record of any type exists with name

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>prereq yxdomain</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Requires that

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>

+ exists (has as at least one resource record, of any type).

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>prereq nxrrset</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">class</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">type</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Requires that no resource record exists of the specified

+ <parameter>type</parameter>,

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ and

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>.

+ If

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>prereq yxrrset</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">class</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">type</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ This requires that a resource record of the specified

+ <parameter>type</parameter>,

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ and

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>

+ must exist.

+ If

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>prereq yxrrset</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">class</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">type</arg>

+ <arg choice="req" rep="repeat">data</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ The

+ <parameter>data</parameter>

+ from each set of prerequisites of this form

+ sharing a common

+ <parameter>type</parameter>,

+ <parameter>class</parameter>,

+ and

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>

+ are combined to form a set of RRs. This set of RRs must

+ exactly match the set of RRs existing in the zone at the

+ given

+ <parameter>type</parameter>,

+ <parameter>class</parameter>,

+ and

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>.

+ The

+ <parameter>data</parameter>

+ are written in the standard text representation of the resource

+ record's

+ RDATA.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>update delete</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">ttl</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">class</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">type <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">data</arg></arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Deletes any resource records named

+ <parameter>domain-name</parameter>.

+ If

+ <parameter>type</parameter>

+ and

+ <parameter>data</parameter>

+ is provided, only matching resource records will be removed.

+ The internet class is assumed if

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ is not supplied. The

+ <parameter>ttl</parameter>

+ is ignored, and is only allowed for compatibility.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>update add</command>

+ <arg choice="req">domain-name</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">ttl</arg>

+ <arg choice="opt">class</arg>

+ <arg choice="req">type</arg>

+ <arg choice="req" rep="repeat">data</arg>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Adds a new resource record with the specified

+ <parameter>ttl</parameter>,

+ <parameter>class</parameter>

+ and

+ <parameter>data</parameter>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>show</command>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Displays the current message, containing all of the

+ prerequisites and

+ updates specified since the last send.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>send</command>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Sends the current message. This is equivalent to entering a

+ blank line.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term>

+ <command>answer</command>

+ </term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ Displays the answer.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ </variablelist>

+ </para>

+

+ <para>

+ Lines beginning with a semicolon are comments and are ignored.

+ </para>

+

+ </refsect1>

+

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>EXAMPLES</title>

+ <para>

+ The examples below show how

+ <command>nsupdate</command>

+ could be used to insert and delete resource records from the

+ <type>example.com</type>

+ zone.

+ Notice that the input in each example contains a trailing blank line so

+ that

+ a group of commands are sent as one dynamic update request to the

+ master name server for

+ <type>example.com</type>.

+

+ <programlisting>

+# nsupdate

+&gt; update delete oldhost.example.com A

+&gt; update add newhost.example.com 86400 A 172.16.1.1

+&gt; send

+</programlisting>

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ Any A records for

+ <type>oldhost.example.com</type>

+ are deleted.

+ And an A record for

+ <type>newhost.example.com</type>

+ with IP address 172.16.1.1 is added.

+ The newly-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds).

+ <programlisting>

+# nsupdate

+&gt; prereq nxdomain nickname.example.com

+&gt; update add nickname.example.com 86400 CNAME somehost.example.com

+&gt; send

+</programlisting>

+ </para>

+ <para>

+ The prerequisite condition gets the name server to check that there

+ are no resource records of any type for

+ <type>nickname.example.com</type>.

+

+ If there are, the update request fails.

+ If this name does not exist, a CNAME for it is added.

+ This ensures that when the CNAME is added, it cannot conflict with the

+ long-standing rule in RFC1034 that a name must not exist as any other

+ record type if it exists as a CNAME.

+ (The rule has been updated for DNSSEC in RFC2535 to allow CNAMEs to have

+ RRSIG, DNSKEY and NSEC records.)

+ </para>

+ </refsect1>

+

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>FILES</title>

+

+ <variablelist>

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term><constant>/etc/resolv.conf</constant></term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ used to identify default name server

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term><constant>K{name}.+157.+{random}.key</constant></term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ base-64 encoding of HMAC-MD5 key created by

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>dnssec-keygen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

+ </citerefentry>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ <varlistentry>

+ <term><constant>K{name}.+157.+{random}.private</constant></term>

+ <listitem>

+ <para>

+ base-64 encoding of HMAC-MD5 key created by

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>dnssec-keygen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

+ </citerefentry>.

+ </para>

+ </listitem>

+ </varlistentry>

+

+ </variablelist>

+ </refsect1>

+

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>SEE ALSO</title>

+ <para><citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC2136</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC3007</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC2104</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC2845</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC1034</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC2535</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>RFC2931</refentrytitle>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

+ </citerefentry>,

+ <citerefentry>

+ <refentrytitle>dnssec-keygen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

+ </citerefentry>.

+ </para>

+

+ </refsect1>

+ <refsect1>

+ <title>BUGS</title>

+ <para>

+ The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files.

+ This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library

+ for its cryptographic operations, and may change in future

+ releases.

+ </para>

+ </refsect1>

+</refentry><!--

+ - Local variables:

+ - mode: sgml

+ - End:

+-->

+<!--

+ - Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")

+ - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.

+ -

+ - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any

+ - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

+ - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

+ -

+ - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH

+ - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

+ - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,

+ - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM

+ - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

+ - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

+ - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

+-->

+<!-- $Id: nsupdate.html,v 1.14.18.22 2007/05/09 03:33:13 marka Exp $ -->

+<html>

+<head>

+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">

+<title>nsupdate</title>

+<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">

+</head>

+<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en">

+<a name="id2476275"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>

+<div class="refnamediv">

+<h2>Name</h2>

+<p>nsupdate &#8212; Dynamic DNS update utility</p>

+</div>

+<div class="refsynopsisdiv">

+<h2>Synopsis</h2>

+<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">nsupdate</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [[<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]keyname:secret</code></em></code>] | [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></code>]] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>timeout</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>udptimeout</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>udpretries</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [filename]</p></div>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2543417"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>

+<p><span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ is used to submit Dynamic DNS Update requests as defined in RFC2136

+ to a name server.

+ This allows resource records to be added or removed from a zone

+ without manually editing the zone file.

+ A single update request can contain requests to add or remove more than

+ one

+ resource record.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ Zones that are under dynamic control via

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ or a DHCP server should not be edited by hand.

+ Manual edits could

+ conflict with dynamic updates and cause data to be lost.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The resource records that are dynamically added or removed with

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ have to be in the same zone.

+ Requests are sent to the zone's master server.

+ This is identified by the MNAME field of the zone's SOA record.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The

+ <code class="option">-d</code>

+ option makes

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ operate in debug mode.

+ This provides tracing information about the update requests that are

+ made and the replies received from the name server.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ Transaction signatures can be used to authenticate the Dynamic DNS

+ updates.

+ These use the TSIG resource record type described in RFC2845 or the

+ SIG(0) record described in RFC3535 and RFC2931.

+ TSIG relies on a shared secret that should only be known to

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span> and the name server.

+ Currently, the only supported encryption algorithm for TSIG is

+ HMAC-MD5, which is defined in RFC 2104.

+ Once other algorithms are defined for TSIG, applications will need to

+ ensure they select the appropriate algorithm as well as the key when

+ authenticating each other.

+ For instance, suitable

+ <span class="type">key</span>

+ and

+ <span class="type">server</span>

+ statements would be added to

+ <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>

+ so that the name server can associate the appropriate secret key

+ and algorithm with the IP address of the

+ client application that will be using TSIG authentication.

+ SIG(0) uses public key cryptography. To use a SIG(0) key, the public

+ key must be stored in a KEY record in a zone served by the name server.

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ does not read

+ <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>.

+ </p>

+<p><span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ uses the <code class="option">-y</code> or <code class="option">-k</code> option

+ to provide the shared secret needed to generate a TSIG record

+ for authenticating Dynamic DNS update requests, default type

+ HMAC-MD5. These options are mutually exclusive. With the

+ <code class="option">-k</code> option, <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span> reads

+ the shared secret from the file <em class="parameter"><code>keyfile</code></em>,

+ whose name is of the form

+ <code class="filename">K{name}.+157.+{random}.private</code>. For

+ historical reasons, the file

+ <code class="filename">K{name}.+157.+{random}.key</code> must also be

+ present. When the <code class="option">-y</code> option is used, a

+ signature is generated from

+ [<span class="optional"><em class="parameter"><code>hmac:</code></em></span>]<em class="parameter"><code>keyname:secret.</code></em>

+ <em class="parameter"><code>keyname</code></em> is the name of the key, and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>secret</code></em> is the base64 encoded shared

+ secret. Use of the <code class="option">-y</code> option is discouraged

+ because the shared secret is supplied as a command line

+ argument in clear text. This may be visible in the output

+ from

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span> or in a history file maintained by the user's

+ shell.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The <code class="option">-k</code> may also be used to specify a SIG(0) key used

+ to authenticate Dynamic DNS update requests. In this case, the key

+ specified is not an HMAC-MD5 key.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ By default

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ uses UDP to send update requests to the name server unless they are too

+ large to fit in a UDP request in which case TCP will be used.

+ The

+ <code class="option">-v</code>

+ option makes

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ use a TCP connection.

+ This may be preferable when a batch of update requests is made.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the maximum time an update request

+ can

+ take before it is aborted. The default is 300 seconds. Zero can be

+ used

+ to disable the timeout.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The <code class="option">-u</code> option sets the UDP retry interval. The default

+ is

+ 3 seconds. If zero, the interval will be computed from the timeout

+ interval

+ and number of UDP retries.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The <code class="option">-r</code> option sets the number of UDP retries. The

+ default is

+ 3. If zero, only one update request will be made.

+ </p>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2543645"></a><h2>INPUT FORMAT</h2>

+<p><span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ reads input from

+ <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>

+ or standard input.

+ Each command is supplied on exactly one line of input.

+ Some commands are for administrative purposes.

+ The others are either update instructions or prerequisite checks on the

+ contents of the zone.

+ These checks set conditions that some name or set of

+ resource records (RRset) either exists or is absent from the zone.

+ These conditions must be met if the entire update request is to succeed.

+ Updates will be rejected if the tests for the prerequisite conditions

+ fail.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ Every update request consists of zero or more prerequisites

+ and zero or more updates.

+ This allows a suitably authenticated update request to proceed if some

+ specified resource records are present or missing from the zone.

+ A blank input line (or the <span><strong class="command">send</strong></span> command)

+ causes the

+ accumulated commands to be sent as one Dynamic DNS update request to the

+ name server.

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The command formats and their meaning are as follows:

+ </p>

+<div class="variablelist"><dl>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span>

+ {servername}

+ [port]

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Sends all dynamic update requests to the name server

+ <em class="parameter"><code>servername</code></em>.

+ When no server statement is provided,

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ will send updates to the master server of the correct zone.

+ The MNAME field of that zone's SOA record will identify the

+ master

+ server for that zone.

+ <em class="parameter"><code>port</code></em>

+ is the port number on

+ <em class="parameter"><code>servername</code></em>

+ where the dynamic update requests get sent.

+ If no port number is specified, the default DNS port number of

+ 53 is

+ used.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">local</strong></span>

+ {address}

+ [port]

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Sends all dynamic update requests using the local

+ <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>.

+

+ When no local statement is provided,

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ will send updates using an address and port chosen by the

+ system.

+ <em class="parameter"><code>port</code></em>

+ can additionally be used to make requests come from a specific

+ port.

+ If no port number is specified, the system will assign one.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>

+ {zonename}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Specifies that all updates are to be made to the zone

+ <em class="parameter"><code>zonename</code></em>.

+ If no

+ <em class="parameter"><code>zone</code></em>

+ statement is provided,

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ will attempt determine the correct zone to update based on the

+ rest of the input.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">class</strong></span>

+ {classname}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Specify the default class.

+ If no <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is specified, the

+ default class is

+ <em class="parameter"><code>IN</code></em>.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span>

+ {name}

+ {secret}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Specifies that all updates are to be TSIG-signed using the

+ <em class="parameter"><code>keyname</code></em> <em class="parameter"><code>keysecret</code></em> pair.

+ The <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> command

+ overrides any key specified on the command line via

+ <code class="option">-y</code> or <code class="option">-k</code>.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">prereq nxdomain</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Requires that no resource record of any type exists with name

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">prereq yxdomain</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Requires that

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>

+ exists (has as at least one resource record, of any type).

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">prereq nxrrset</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ [class]

+ {type}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Requires that no resource record exists of the specified

+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>,

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>.

+ If

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">prereq yxrrset</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ [class]

+ {type}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ This requires that a resource record of the specified

+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>,

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>

+ must exist.

+ If

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ is omitted, IN (internet) is assumed.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">prereq yxrrset</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ [class]

+ {type}

+ {data...}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ The

+ <em class="parameter"><code>data</code></em>

+ from each set of prerequisites of this form

+ sharing a common

+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>,

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>,

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>

+ are combined to form a set of RRs. This set of RRs must

+ exactly match the set of RRs existing in the zone at the

+ given

+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>,

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>,

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>.

+ The

+ <em class="parameter"><code>data</code></em>

+ are written in the standard text representation of the resource

+ record's

+ RDATA.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">update delete</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ [ttl]

+ [class]

+ [type [data...]]

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Deletes any resource records named

+ <em class="parameter"><code>domain-name</code></em>.

+ If

+ <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>data</code></em>

+ is provided, only matching resource records will be removed.

+ The internet class is assumed if

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ is not supplied. The

+ <em class="parameter"><code>ttl</code></em>

+ is ignored, and is only allowed for compatibility.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">update add</strong></span>

+ {domain-name}

+ {ttl}

+ [class]

+ {type}

+ {data...}

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Adds a new resource record with the specified

+ <em class="parameter"><code>ttl</code></em>,

+ <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>

+ and

+ <em class="parameter"><code>data</code></em>.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">show</strong></span>

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Displays the current message, containing all of the

+ prerequisites and

+ updates specified since the last send.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">send</strong></span>

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Sends the current message. This is equivalent to entering a

+ blank line.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term">

+ <span><strong class="command">answer</strong></span>

+ </span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ Displays the answer.

+ </p></dd>

+</dl></div>

+<p>

+ </p>

+<p>

+ Lines beginning with a semicolon are comments and are ignored.

+ </p>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2544648"></a><h2>EXAMPLES</h2>

+<p>

+ The examples below show how

+ <span><strong class="command">nsupdate</strong></span>

+ could be used to insert and delete resource records from the

+ <span class="type">example.com</span>

+ zone.

+ Notice that the input in each example contains a trailing blank line so

+ that

+ a group of commands are sent as one dynamic update request to the

+ master name server for

+ <span class="type">example.com</span>.

+

+ </p>

+<pre class="programlisting">

+# nsupdate

+&gt; update delete oldhost.example.com A

+&gt; update add newhost.example.com 86400 A 172.16.1.1

+&gt; send

+</pre>

+<p>

+ </p>

+<p>

+ Any A records for

+ <span class="type">oldhost.example.com</span>

+ are deleted.

+ And an A record for

+ <span class="type">newhost.example.com</span>

+ with IP address 172.16.1.1 is added.

+ The newly-added record has a 1 day TTL (86400 seconds).

+ </p>

+<pre class="programlisting">

+# nsupdate

+&gt; prereq nxdomain nickname.example.com

+&gt; update add nickname.example.com 86400 CNAME somehost.example.com

+&gt; send

+</pre>

+<p>

+ </p>

+<p>

+ The prerequisite condition gets the name server to check that there

+ are no resource records of any type for

+ <span class="type">nickname.example.com</span>.

+

+ If there are, the update request fails.

+ If this name does not exist, a CNAME for it is added.

+ This ensures that when the CNAME is added, it cannot conflict with the

+ long-standing rule in RFC1034 that a name must not exist as any other

+ record type if it exists as a CNAME.

+ (The rule has been updated for DNSSEC in RFC2535 to allow CNAMEs to have

+ RRSIG, DNSKEY and NSEC records.)

+ </p>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2544692"></a><h2>FILES</h2>

+<div class="variablelist"><dl>

+<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ used to identify default name server

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">K{name}.+157.+{random}.key</code></span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ base-64 encoding of HMAC-MD5 key created by

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>.

+ </p></dd>

+<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">K{name}.+157.+{random}.private</code></span></dt>

+<dd><p>

+ base-64 encoding of HMAC-MD5 key created by

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>.

+ </p></dd>

+</dl></div>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2544829"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>

+<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2136</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC3007</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2104</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2845</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC1034</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2535</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2931</span></span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,

+ <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>.

+ </p>

+</div>

+<div class="refsect1" lang="en">

+<a name="id2544900"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>

+<p>

+ The TSIG key is redundantly stored in two separate files.

+ This is a consequence of nsupdate using the DST library

+ for its cryptographic operations, and may change in future

+ releases.

+ </p>

+</div>

+</div></body>

+</html>