These files are regeneratable and are making huge rcs deltas for no real

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-470.513 553.8 Q 3.637(yw)-.15 G(ill)495.66 553.8 Q(ha)102 565.8 Q .557 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .257(he same set of MX hosts and will be sent in one transaction.)
-.15 F .258(UUNET will then split the mes-)5.258 F(sage and send it to the tw)
-102 577.8 Q 2.5(oi)-.1 G(ndi)213.28 577.8 Q(vidual hosts.)-.25 E F0 2.5
-(2.2. RFC)87 601.8 R(1123 Changes)2.5 E F1 2.607(An)127 618 S .107
-(umber of changes ha)141.827 618 R .407 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .106(een made to mak)
-.15 F 2.606(es)-.1 G .106(endmail `)321.07 618 R .106
-(`conditionally compliant')-.74 F 2.606('\()-.74 G .106(that is, it)469.058 618
-R(satis\214es all of the MUST clauses and most b)102 630 Q
-(ut not all of the SHOULD clauses in RFC 1123\).)-.2 E
-(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
-646.2 Q 26.5(\2475.2.7 Response)102 662.4 R .565(to RCPT command is f)3.065 F
-3.065(ast. Pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E 3.065(,s)-.65 G .565(endmail e)362.295
-662.4 R .565(xpanded all aliases as f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E .686
-(as it could \212 this could tak)156 674.4 R 3.186(eav)-.1 G .685
-(ery long time, particularly if there were name serv)290.118 674.4 R(er)-.15 E
-3.891(delays. V)156 686.4 R 1.391(ersion 8 only checks for the e)-1.11 F 1.392
-(xistence of an alias and does the e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E(later)156 698.4 Q
-5.176(.I)-.55 G 2.676(td)184.226 698.4 S .176
-(oes still do a DNS lookup if there is an e)194.682 698.4 R .175
-(xplicit host name in the RCPT com-)-.15 F(mand, b)156 710.4 Q
-(ut this time is bounded.)-.2 E EP
-%%Page: 3 3
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(3)499 60 Q
-/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 26.5(\2475.2.8 Numeric)102 96 R .612
-(IP addresses are logged in Recei)3.112 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .613(d: lines.).15 F
-.613(This helps tracing spoofed mes-)5.613 F(sages.)156 108 Q 21.5
-(\2475.2.17 Self)102 124.2 R .127(domain literal is properly handled.)2.627 F
-(Pre)5.126 E(viously)-.25 E 2.626(,i)-.65 G 2.626(fs)368.196 124.2 S .126
-(omeone sent to user@[1.2.3.4],)378.042 124.2 R .12
-(where 1.2.3.4 is your IP address, the mail w)156 136.2 R .12
-(ould probably be rejected with a `)-.1 F(`con\214gu-)-.74 E(ration error')156
-148.2 Q 2.5('. V)-.74 F(ersion 8 can handle these addresses.)-1.11 E 26.5
-(\2475.3.2 Better)102 164.4 R 1.189(control o)3.69 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(ri)
-.15 G(ndi)240.088 164.4 Q 1.189(vidual timeouts.)-.25 F 1.189
-(RFC 821 speci\214ed no timeouts.)6.189 F 1.189(Older v)6.189 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2
-E .002(sions of sendmail had a single timeout, typically set to tw)156 176.4 R
-2.502(oh)-.1 G 2.502(ours. V)398.142 176.4 R .002(ersion 8 allo)-1.11 F .002
-(ws the)-.25 F(con\214guration \214le to set timeouts for v)156 188.4 Q
-(arious SMTP commands indi)-.25 E(vidually)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 26.5
-(\2475.3.3 Error)102 204.6 R 1.06(messages are sent as From:<>.)3.56 F 1.059
-(This w)6.059 F 1.059(as ur)-.1 F 1.059(ged by RFC 821 and reiterated by)-.18 F
-.237(RFC 1123, b)156 216.6 R .237(ut older v)-.2 F .237(ersions of sendmail ne)
--.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.737(rr).15 G .237(eally did it properly)355.186 216.6 R
-5.237(.V)-.65 G .238(ersion 8 does.)448.254 216.6 R(Ho)156 228.6 Q(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.934 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.134
-(ome systems cannot handle this perfectly le).4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.633(la).05 G
-1.133(ddress; if necessary)402.941 228.6 R 3.633(,y)-.65 G(ou)494 228.6 Q
-(can create a special mailer that uses the `g' \215ag to disable this.)156
-240.6 Q 26.5(\2475.3.3 Error)102 256.8 R 3.212(messages are ne)5.712 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 5.712(rs).15 G 3.212(ent to <>.)275.628 256.8 R(Pre)8.213 E(viously)-.25
-E 5.713(,s)-.65 G 3.213(endmail w)383.028 256.8 R 3.213(as happ)-.1 F 5.713(yt)
--.1 G 5.713(os)474.957 256.8 S(end)489.56 256.8 Q 6
-(responses-to-responses which sometimes resulted in responses-to-responses-to-)
-156 268.8 R(responses which resulted in ....)156 280.8 Q(you get the idea.)5 E
-26.5(\2475.3.3 Route-addrs)102 297 R .111(\(the ugly `)2.611 F
-(`<@hosta,@hostb:user@hostc>')-.74 E 2.611('s)-.74 G .111(yntax\) are pruned.)
-389.124 297 R .112(RFC 821)5.112 F(ur)156 309 Q 1.001
-(ged the use of this bletcherous syntax.)-.18 F 1
-(RFC 1123 has seen the light and of)6.001 F(\214cially)-.25 E 1.124
-(deprecates them, further ur)156 321 R 1.125(ging that you eliminate all b)-.18
-F 1.125(ut `)-.2 F(`user@hostc')-.74 E 3.625('s)-.74 G 1.125(hould you)462.595
-321 R(recei)156 333 Q 1.698 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 1.398(ne of these things.).15 F
--1.11(Ve)6.398 G 1.398(rsion 8 is slightly more generous than the standards)
-1.11 F .753(suggest; instead of stripping of)156 345 R 3.253(fa)-.25 G .753
-(ll the route addressees, it only strips hosts of)293.115 345 R 3.254(fu)-.25 G
-3.254(pt)487.966 345 S(o)499 345 Q 1.29(the one before the last one kno)156 357
-R 1.289(wn to DNS, thus allo)-.25 F 1.289(wing you to ha)-.25 F 1.589 -.15
-(ve p)-.2 H(seudo-hosts).15 E(such as foo.BITNET)156 369 Q 5(.T)-.74 G
-(he `R' option will turn this of)251.91 369 Q(f.)-.25 E
-(The areas in which sendmail is not `)102 385.2 Q(`unconditionally compliant')
--.74 E 2.5('a)-.74 G(re:)367.43 385.2 Q 26.5(\2475.2.6 Sendmail)102 401.4 R
-(does do header munging.)2.5 E 21.5(\2475.2.10 Sendmail)102 417.6 R(doesn')3.2
-E 3.2(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)233.88 417.6 S .7(ys use the e).1 F .701
-(xact SMTP message te)-.15 F .701(xt from RFC 821.)-.15 F .701(This is a)5.701
-F(rather silly requirement.)156 429.6 Q 19(\2475.3.1.1 Sendmail)102 445.8 R
-(doesn')3.512 E 3.512(tg)-.18 G 1.012
-(uarantee only one connect for each host on queue runs.)235.064 445.8 R
-(Connec-)6.011 E(tion caching gi)156 457.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(sy).15 G
-(ou most of this, b)235.87 457.8 Q(ut it does not pro)-.2 E(vide a guarantee.)
--.15 E 19(\2475.3.1.1 Sendmail)102 474 R(doesn')2.843 E 2.843(ta)-.18 G -.1
-(lwa)233.166 474 S .343(ys pro).1 F .343(vide an adequate limit on concurrenc)
--.15 F 4.144 -.65(y. T)-.15 H .344(hat is, there can).65 F .757(be se)156 486 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .757(ral independent sendmails running at once.).15 F .757
-(My feeling is that doing an abso-)5.757 F 1.047(lute limit w)156 498 R 1.047
-(ould be a mistak)-.1 F 3.547(e\()-.1 G 1.048(it might result in lost mail\).)
-284.302 498 R(Ho)6.048 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.848 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.548
-(fy).4 G 1.048(ou use the)461.354 498 R .801(XLA contrib)156 510 R .801
-(uted softw)-.2 F .801(are, most of this will be guaranteed \(b)-.1 F .801
-(ut I don')-.2 F 3.3(tg)-.18 G .8(uarantee the)454.61 510 R(guarantee\).)156
-522 Q F0 2.5(2.3. Extended)87 546 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 562.2 S
-.154(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .155
-(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F .229(by RFC 1425 \
-\(basic\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102
-574.2 R 2.729(Y\). The)-.55 F(body)2.729 E .275(support is minimal because the\
- \2318BITMIME\232 body type is not currently adv)102 586.2 R 2.776
-(ertised. Although)-.15 F(such)2.776 E 3.076(ab)102 598.2 S .576
-(ody type will be accepted, it will not be correctly con)114.516 598.2 R -.15
-(ve)-.4 G .576(rted to 7 bits if speaking to a non-8-bit-).15 F(MIME a)102
-610.2 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G(re SMTP serv).1 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF(Sendmail)127 626.4 Q F1 .287(tries to speak ESMTP if you ha)2.787 F .588
--.15(ve t)-.2 H .288(he `a' \215ag set in the \215ags for the mailer descrip-)
-.15 F(tor)102 638.4 Q 3.322(,o)-.4 G 3.322(ri)123.532 638.4 S 3.322(ft)132.964
-638.4 S .822(he other end adv)142.396 638.4 R .822(ertises the f)-.15 F .822
-(act that it speaks ESMTP)-.1 F 5.822(.T)-1.11 G .821
-(his is a non-standard adv)376.446 638.4 R(ertise-)-.15 E(ment:)102 650.4 Q F2
-(sendmail)2.98 E F1 .48(announces \231ESMTP spok)2.98 F .48
-(en here\232 during the initial connection message, and client)-.1 F .587
-(sendmails search for this message.)102 662.4 R .586
-(This creates some problems for some PC-based mailers, which)5.586 F
-(do not understand tw)102 674.4 Q
-(o-line greeting messages as required by RFC 821.)-.1 E EP
-%%Page: 4 4
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-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 294.65(4C)72 60 S(hanges in Sendmail V)378.87 60 Q
-(ersion 8)-1 E 2.5(2.4. Eight-Bit)87 96 R(Clean)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(Pre)127 112.2 Q 1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263
-(ersions of sendmail used the 0200 bit for quoting.)-.15 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F
-1.264(ersion a)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 124.2 Q(we)
--.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.119 -.4(r, y).15 H .318
-(ou can set option `7' to get se).4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.818(nb).15 G .318
-(it stripping for compatibility with RFC 821, which is)290.046 124.2 R 2.5(a7)
-102 136.2 S(-bit protocol.)113.94 136.2 Q(This option says `)5 E
-(`strip to 7 bits on input')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(Indi)127 152.4 Q .375
-(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.875(nb).15 G .376
-(it out put using the `7' mailer \215ag.)303.02 152.4 R .376(This \215ag says)
-5.376 F -.74(``)102 164.4 S(strip to 7 bits on output').74 E('.)-.74 E F0 2.5
-(2.5. User)87 188.4 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.926
-(The User Database \(UDB\) is an as-yet e)127 204.6 R 1.926
-(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.925(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F(ge-site)-.18
-E .396(name support.)102 216.6 R 1.996 -.8(We a)5.396 H .396
-(re installing it at Berk).8 F(ele)-.1 E .396(y; future v)-.15 F .396
-(ersions may sho)-.15 F 2.897(ws)-.25 G .397(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)
-406.373 216.6 R(Brie\215y)102 228.6 Q 3.583(,U)-.65 G 1.083
-(DB contains a database that is intended to contain all the per)142.433 228.6 R
-1.082(-user information for your)-.2 F -.1(wo)102 240.6 S .172
-(rkgroup, such as people').1 F 2.673(sf)-.55 G .173
-(ull names, their .plan information, their outgoing mail name, and their)222.29
-240.6 R(mail drop.)102 252.6 Q .438(The user database allo)127 268.8 R .438
-(ws you to map both incoming and outgoing addresses, much lik)-.25 F 2.937(eI)
--.1 G -.4(DA)487.46 268.8 S(.).4 E(Ho)102 280.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.799 -.4(r, t).15 H .999(he interf).4 F .999(ace is still better with ID)-.1 F
-.999(A; in particular)-.4 F 3.499(,t)-.4 G 1
-(he alias \214le with incoming/outgoing)355.55 280.8 R(marks pro)102 292.8 Q
-(vides better locality of information.)-.15 E F0 2.5(2.6. Impr)87 316.8 R -.1
-(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 316.8 Q F1 .262
-(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 333 R
-.261(ying `)-.1 F(`features')-.74 E 2.761('w)-.74 G(hich)486.78 333 Q(ha)102
-345 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G
-3.412(nt)187.116 345 S .912(his release.)198.308 345 R .912(In particular)5.912
-F 3.412(,t)-.4 G .912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916
-345 R(serv)102 357 Q(er to sendmail, so that the name serv)-.15 E
-(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into sendmail.)-.15 E .688
-(The major change has been that the $[ ... $] operator didn')127 373.2 R 3.188
-(tf)-.18 G .688(ully qualify names that were in)376.41 373.2 R
-(DNS as A or MX records.)102 385.2 Q -1.11(Ve)5 G
-(rsion 8 does this quali\214cation.)1.11 E .429(This has pro)127 401.4 R -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 2.929(nt).15 G 2.929(ob)197.147 401.4 S 2.929(ea)210.076 401.4 S
-2.929(na)221.885 401.4 S(nno)234.254 401.4 Q .43
-(yance in Sun shops, who often still run without BIND support.)-.1 F(Ho)102
-413.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.001 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.701(ti).4 G 2.701(sr)
-153.842 413.4 S .201
-(eally critical that this be supported, since MX records are mandatory)163.763
-413.4 R 5.2(.I)-.65 G 2.7(nS)450.26 413.4 S .2(unOS you)463.52 413.4 R .101
-(can choose either MX support or NIS support, b)102 425.4 R .101(ut not both.)
--.2 F .101(This is \214x)5.101 F .101(ed in Solaris, and some)-.15 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)2.602 E(mail)102 437.4 Q F1(support to allo)2.5 E 2.5
-(wt)-.25 G(his in SunOS should be forthcoming in a future release.)192.31 437.4
-Q F0 2.5(2.7. K)87 461.4 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .242(Generalized k)127
-477.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .242(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .241
-(en directly from ID)-.1 F 2.741(As)-.4 G .241
-(endmail \(albeit with a completely)368.606 477.6 R(dif)102 489.6 Q
-(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)
-239.63 489.6 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 505.8 S
-(rsion 8 includes the follo)1.11 E(wing b)-.25 E(uilt-in map classes:)-.2 E
-33.72(dbm Support)102 522 R(for the ndbm\(3\) library)2.5 E(.)-.65 E 33.17
-(hash Support)102 538.2 R 1.229(for the `)3.729 F(`Hash')-.74 E 3.729('t)-.74 G
-1.229(ype from the ne)261.636 538.2 R 3.729(wB)-.25 G(erk)345.732 538.2 Q(ele)
--.1 E 3.729(yd)-.15 G 1.229(b\(3\) library)383.641 538.2 R 6.23(.t)-.65 G 1.23
-(his library pro-)441.55 538.2 R 4.094(vides substantially better database sup\
-port than ndbm\(3\), including in-memory)156 550.2 R
-(caching, arbitrarily long k)156 562.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(nd v)279.89
-562.2 Q(alues, and better disk utilization.)-.25 E 31.51(btree Support)102
-578.4 R .547(for the `)3.047 F(`B-T)-.74 E(ree')-.35 E 3.047('t)-.74 G .547
-(ype from the ne)266.328 578.4 R 3.048(wB)-.25 G(erk)347.698 578.4 Q(ele)-.1 E
-3.048(yd)-.15 G .548(b\(3\) library)384.926 578.4 R 5.548(.B)-.65 G(-T)445.362
-578.4 Q .548(rees pro)-.35 F(vide)-.15 E .521(better clustering than Hashed \
-\214les if you are fetching lots of records that ha)156 590.4 R .821 -.15(ve s)
--.2 H(imilar).15 E -.1(ke)156 602.4 S(ys, such as searching a dictionary for w)
--.05 E(ords be)-.1 E(ginning with `)-.15 E(`detr')-.74 E('.)-.74 E 39.83
-(nis Support)102 618.6 R(for NIS \(a.k.a. YP\) maps.)2.5 E
-(NIS+ is not supported in this v)5 E(ersion.)-.15 E 34.83(host Support)102
-634.8 R(for DNS lookups.)2.5 E 19.84(dequote A)102 651 R -.74(``)2.642 G
-(pseudo-map').74 E 2.642('\()-.74 G .142(that is, once that does not ha)232.554
-651 R .442 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .442 -.15(ny ex).15 H .142(ternal data\) that allo)
-.15 F .142(ws a con-)-.25 F .099
-(\214guration \214le to break apart a quoted string in the address.)156 663 R
-.098(This is necessary primarily)5.098 F .726
-(for DECnet addresses, which often ha)156 675 R 1.026 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .726
-(uoted addresses that need to be unwrapped).15 F(on g)156 687 Q(ate)-.05 E -.1
-(wa)-.25 G(ys.).1 E EP
-%%Page: 5 5
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(5)499 60 Q
-2.5(2.8. Multi-W)87 96 R(ord Classes & Macr)-.75 E(os in Classes)-.18 E/F1 10
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(Classes can no)127 112.2 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 112.2
-S(ultiple w)215.07 112.2 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
-(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 128.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102
-144.6 Q 2.395(ws you to match the entire string `)-.25 F(`hofmann.CS.Berk)-.74
-E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU').65 E 4.894('u)-.74 G 2.394
-(sing the single construct)399.878 144.6 R -.74(``)102 156.6 S($=S').74 E('.)
--.74 E(Class de\214nitions are no)127 172.8 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G(llo)234.52 172.8 Q
-(wed to include macros \212 for e)-.25 E(xample:)-.15 E(Cw$k)142 189 Q(is le)
-102 205.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(l.).05 E F0 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 229.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
-(otocol Support)-.18 E F1 .633
-(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 [RFC1413] is supported.)127 245.4
-R(Ho)5.633 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.433 -.4(r, m).15 H(an).4 E 3.134(ys)
--.15 G(ys-)491.78 245.4 Q .909(tems ha)102 257.4 R 1.209 -.15(ve a T)-.2 H .909
-(CP/IP b).15 F .908
-(ug that renders this useless, and the feature must be turned of)-.2 F 3.408
-(f. Roughly)-.25 F 3.408(,i)-.65 G(f)500.67 257.4 Q 8.538
-(one of these system recei)102 269.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 11.038(sa\231).15 G 8.539
-(No route to host\232 message \(ICMP message)280.568 269.4 R(ICMP_UNREA)102
-281.4 Q .829(CH_HOST\) on)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(any)3.329 E F1 .828
-(connection, all connections to that host are closed.)3.329 F .828
-(Some \214re-)5.828 F -.1(wa)102 293.4 S .087
-(lls return this error if you try to connect to the IDENT port, so you can').1
-F 2.587(tr)-.18 G(ecei)408.889 293.4 Q .387 -.15(ve e)-.25 H .087
-(mail from these).15 F 1.712(hosts on these systems.)102 305.4 R(It')6.712 E
-4.212(sp)-.55 G 1.712(ossible that if the \214re)228.62 305.4 R -.1(wa)-.25 G
-1.712(ll used a more speci\214c message \(such as).1 F(ICMP_UNREA)102 317.4 Q
-(CH_PR)-.4 E -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 72.325(COL, ICMP_UNREA).4 F(CH_POR)-.4 E
-74.825(To)-.6 G(r)500.67 317.4 Q(ICMP_UNREA)102 329.4 Q(CH_NET_PR)-.4 E
-(OHIB\) it w)-.4 E(ould w)-.1 E(ork, b)-.1 E(ut this hasn')-.2 E 2.5(tb)-.18 G
-(een v)375.62 329.4 Q(eri\214ed.)-.15 E .678(IDENT protocol support cannot be \
-used on 4.3BSD, Apollo DomainOS, Apple A/UX, Con-)127 345.6 R -.15(vex)102
-357.6 S .949(OS, Data General DG/UX, HP-UX, Sequent Dynix, or Ultrix 4.x, x).15
-F/F3 10/Symbol SF<a3>3.449 E F1 3.449(3. It)3.449 F .949(seems to w)3.449 F
-.949(ork on)-.1 F
-(4.4BSD, IBM AIX 3.x, OSF/1, SGI IRIX, Solaris, SunOS, and Ultrix 4.4.)102
-369.6 Q F0 2.5(2.10. Separate)87 393.6 R(En)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr)
-.1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
-(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 409.8 R -.15(ve)
--.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 409.8 R 1.154
--.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427
-(made visible; the $g macro is set to the en)102 421.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
-(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
-E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 433.8 Q .085
-(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 450 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
--.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F .084(The Sender)5.084 F(-)
--.2 E -.55(RW)102 462 S 1.085(Set and RecipientR).55 F 1.085(Wset ar)-.55 F
-1.085(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as `)-.18 F(`en)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.4
-G(lope/header').15 E 3.585('t)-.74 G 3.585(og)478.595 462 S -2.15 -.25(iv e)
-492.18 462 T(dif)102 474 Q(ferent re)-.25 E(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4
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-1.813(lope sender is what appears in the \214rst).15 F -.74(``)102 554.4 S
-(From_').74 E 3.127('l)-.74 G .627(ine in UNIX messages \(that is, the line be)
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-(nstead of `)424.797 554.4 R(`From:')-.74 E(';)-.74 E .502
-(the latter is the header from, which)102 566.4 R F2(does)3.002 E F1 .503
-(indicate the sender of the message\).)3.002 F .503(In pre)5.503 F .503
-(vious v)-.25 F(ersions,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)102 578.4 Q F1 .057(has tried to a)
-2.557 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .057(id changing the en).2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .056
-(lope sender for back compatibility with UNIX con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G(n-).15 E
-.177(tion; at this point that back compatibility is creating too man)102 590.4
-R 2.678(yp)-.15 G .178(roblems, and it is necessary to mo)357.972 590.4 R -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(forw)102 602.4 Q(ard into the 1980s.)-.1 E F0 2.5(2.12. Command)87
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-(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 658.8 Q
-F0<ad70>3.057 E F1 .557
-(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information that w)3.057 F .557
-(as pre)-.1 F .556(viously passed in by)-.25 F(de\214ning the)102 670.8 Q F0
-($r)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($s)2.5 E F1(macros.)2.5 E(The)127 687 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E
-F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)-.25 G .1
-(ogging of all protocol in and out of sendmail for deb)279.89 687 R(ug-)-.2 E
-2.732(ging. Y)102 699 R .232(ou can set \231\255X \214lename\232 and a complet\
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--.1(fa)102 711 S(st: the option is only for deb).1 E(ugging.)-.2 E EP
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-(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .674
-(It will still be accepted b)5.674 F .674(ut will)-.2 F(be ignored.)102 160.2 Q
-(The `K' line has been added to declare database maps.)127 176.4 Q
-(The `V' line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)127 192.6 Q
-(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The `M' \(mailer\) line tak)127 208.8
-Q(es a D= \214eld to specify e)-.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution directory).15 E(.)
--.65 E F0 2.5(2.14. New)87 232.8 R(and Extended Options)2.5 E F1(Se)127 249 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8 249 R 1.2 -.15
-(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89 249 S .9
-(upport ne)327.18 249 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83 249 R
-3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 249 Q(that w)102 261 Q(as pre)-.1 E(viously a)-.25 E
--.25(va)-.2 G(ilable only by recompiling.).25 E(Brie\215y:)5 E 28.78(AT)102
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--.25 G 2.599(eal)286.654 277.2 S .099(ist of alias \214les.)303.512 277.2 R
-.098(Also, the con\214guration can spec-)5.099 F(ify a class of \214le.)138
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-(eli)145.22 321.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .24(ry checkpoint interv).15 F 2.74
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-(ry C).15 F(addresses.)138 333.6 Q 29.89(ED)102 349.8 S(ef)145.22 349.8 Q .712
-(ault error message.)-.1 F .711
-(This message \(or the contents of the indicated \214le\) are prepended)5.712 F
-(to error messages.)138 361.8 Q 28.78(GE)102 378 S .785(nable GECOS matching.)
-144.11 378 R .785(If you can')5.785 F 3.285<748c>-.18 G .786
-(nd a local user name and this option is enabled,)307.51 378 R .59
-(do a sequential scan of the passwd \214le to match ag)138 390 R .589
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-2.55(yt)-.15 G(ime.)486.5 483 Q 28.78(KC)102 499.2 S 1.395
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-(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
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-.25 H 2.5(ptions. These).15 F(can be used to mak)2.5 E 2.5(ey)-.1 G
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-S .67(his option has been e)144.11 588 R .67(xtended to allo)-.15 F 3.17<778c>
--.25 G .67(ner grained control o)307 588 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.17(rt).15 G 3.17
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-(you can set the timeout for SMTP commands indi)138 600 Q(vidually)-.25 E(.)
--.65 E 29.33(RD)102 616.2 S(on')145.22 616.2 Q 11.797(tp)-.18 G 9.297
-(rune route-addrs.)177.947 616.2 R(Normally)269.851 616.2 Q 11.797(,i)-.65 G
-11.797(fv)324.608 616.2 S 9.297(ersion 8 sees an address lik)344.585 616.2 R(e)
--.1 E 1.256("<@hostA,@hostB:user@hostC>, sendmail will try to strip of)138
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-421.905 628.2 R(user@hostC\) as suggested by RFC 1123.)138 640.2 Q
-(This option disables that beha)5 E(viour)-.2 E(.)-.55 E 29.89(TT)102 656.4 S
-1.485(he \231Return T)144.11 656.4 R 3.985(oS)-.8 G 1.485
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-(message interv)138 668.4 R .789
-(al, typically something on the order of four hours.)-.25 F .788
-(If a message cannot be)5.788 F(deli)138 680.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.245
-(red in that interv).15 F 1.245(al, a w)-.25 F 1.245
-(arning message is sent back to the sender b)-.1 F 1.246(ut the message)-.2 F
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-(can be thought of as an MX host that applies to all addresses)3.258 F
-(that has a v)138 108 Q(ery high preference v)-.15 E
-(alue \(that is, use it only if e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rything else f).15 E
-(ails\).)-.1 E 28.78(wI)102 124.2 S 3.066(fs)141.33 124.2 S .566(et, assume th\
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-151.616 124.2 R 3.213(host. This)138 136.2 R .713
-(is intended for compatibility with UIUC sendmail, and may ha)3.213 F 1.013
--.15(ve s)-.2 H .712(ome use on).15 F(\214re)138 148.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(lls.).1
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-(ssert this option to be RFC 821 com-)354.68 164.4 R(patible.)138 176.4 Q F0
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-(In V5, the L mailer \215ag implied a line length limit of 990)5.93 F
-(characters; this is no)138 228.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G(ettable to an arbitrary v)
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-(.I)-1.11 G 2.5(tw)222.65 244.8 S(ill f)235.15 244.8 Q
-(all back to SMTP if the initial EHLO pack)-.1 E(et is rejected.)-.1 E 17.3
-(F=b Ensure)102 261 R 2.5(ab)2.5 G(lank line at the end of messages.)180.21 261
-Q(Useful on the *\214le* mailer)5 E(.)-.55 E 17.86(F=c Strip)102 277.2 R .68(a\
-ll comments from addresses; this should only be used as a last resort when dea\
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-(F=g Ne)102 305.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.88(ru).15 G .38
-(se the null sender as the en)169.91 305.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .379(lope sender).15
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-E 16.19(F=L Used)102 349.8 R .198
-(to set the line limit to 990 bytes for SMTP compatibility)2.697 F 5.198(.I)
--.65 G 2.698(tn)398.622 349.8 S .698 -.25(ow d)409.1 349.8 T .198
-(oes that only if the).25 F(L= k)138 361.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(letter is not speci\214ed.).15 E
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-R(node name from uname\(2\).)2.5 E 20.72($m Domain)102 418.2 R
-(part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5($_ RFC)102 434.4 R(1413-pro)2.5 E
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-.148(as sometimes the full domain name, sometimes just the \214rst w)-.1 F
-2.647(ord. No)-.1 F 2.647(wg)-.25 G(uar)488.1 450.6 Q(-)-.2 E
-(anteed to be the \214rst w)138 462.6 Q
-(ord of the domain name \(i.e., the host name\).)-.1 E 25.72($j Pre)102 478.8 R
-.193(viously had to be de\214ned \212 it is no)-.25 F 2.693(wp)-.25 G .194
-(rede\214ned to be the full domain name, if that can)310.067 478.8 R
-(be determined.)138 490.8 Q(That is, it is equi)5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to $w)
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-(ncludes \231[1.2.3.4]\232 \(where 1.2.3.4 is your IP address\) to allo)163.039
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-(to recognize your o)138 559.2 Q(wn IP address.)-.25 E F0 2.5(2.18. New)87
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-(in rulesets are bound when the rule is \214rst parsed during startup.)102
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-(cessing and are uninteresting during startup.)102 623.4 R(Ho)5.046 E(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G .846 -.4(r, t).15 H .047
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--.25(va)-.25 G(ulation of $x until the rule is processed.).25 E(The tok)127
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-(ve b)-.2 H(een added to allo).15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(peci\214cation of map re)
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-(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.999 E F1 1.499
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-(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F 1.284
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-(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
-(he number of)449.08 208.8 R .712(recipients more important than the size of t\
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-(2.21. A)87 256.8 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 273 Q
-(viously)-.25 E 3.2(,t)-.65 G .701(he `)177.36 273 R .701
-(`Full Name <email address>')-.74 F 3.201('s)-.74 G .701(yntax w)322.025 273 R
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--.15 F F0 2.5(2.22. Symbolic)87 309 R(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1
-(Se)127 325.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15
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--1 -.8(Tw o)127 397.8 T(ne)3.901 E 3.101(wm)-.25 G .601(ailers, *\214le* and *\
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-(.P)-.65 G(re)232.88 409.8 Q(viously these were o)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(rloaded on the local mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(2.24. SMTP)87 433.8 R
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-(ersions of sendmail treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)-.15 F 1.437(In this v)
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-(xpand aliases or follo)138.05 462 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 462 Q
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-(,t)-.65 G .664(he RCPT)466.386 478.2 R 1.09
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-(When an address resolv)127 542.4 R .099(es to a mailer that has `)-.15 F
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-(`P)-.74 E(ath')-.15 E .1(', the $@ part \(host name\))-.74 F .138
-(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 554.4
-R .137(This asks sendmail to search the)5.137 F .16
-(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 566.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e)
-.25 F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
-(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 578.4 R .738
-(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
-(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
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-F0 2.5(2.26. Aliases)87 614.4 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 .298
-(The implementation has been mer)127 630.6 R .298(ged with maps.)-.18 F .299
-(Among other things, this supports multiple)5.298 F
-(alias \214les and NIS-based aliases.)102 642.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
-(xample:)258.34 642.6 Q -.35(OA)142 658.8 S(/etc/aliases,nis:mail.aliases).35 E
-(will search \214rst the local database \231/etc/aliases\232 follo)102 675 Q
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-(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .46
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-(The best w)127 627 R .464(ay to do this w)-.1 F .463
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-.463(`message \214l-)-.74 F(ter')102 639 Q 3.319('t)-.74 G .819
-(hat could do arbitrary modi\214cations of the message.)124.569 639 R .819
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--.15(ve)-.25 G .956(ries, and so forth.).15 F .311(These should be brok)102
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-(he local system administrator to ha)330.29 160.2 R .61 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15
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--.15 G .016(ptions that are con\214gured at compile time, such as the method o\
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-(These should be transfered to run time by adding)5.719 F(ne)102 236.4 Q 2.5
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-(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.731 E F1 1.231
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-(This should be)6.232 F(con)102 409.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .492(rted to long term s\
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-(ponential back).15 E(of)-.1 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(nq)188.7 433.2 S
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-F 1.119 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(if).15 E .819(ferent types of connecti)-.25 F .818
-(vity than the past.)-.25 F .818(In particular)5.818 F 3.318(,t)-.4 G .818
-(he rising)468.462 473.4 R .636
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-102 497.4 R 3.232(eac)-.1 G .732(onnection to a host and ha)175.27 497.4 R
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-(the associated MX serv)102 561.6 R 3.018(ers. This)-.15 F .518
-(information is currently ignored, and another query is done to get)3.018 F
-(this information.)102 573.6 Q(It should be cached to a)5 E -.2(vo)-.2 G(id e)
-.2 E(xcess name serv)-.15 E(er traf)-.15 E(\214c.)-.25 E F0 2.5(4. REFERENCES)
-72 597.6 R F1([Allman83a])87 613.8 Q .137(\231Sendmail \212 An Internetw)123
-625.8 R .137(ork Mail Router)-.1 F 4.037 -.7(.\232 E)-.55 H 2.638(.A).7 G 2.638
-(llman. In)327.58 625.8 R F2 .138(Unix Pr)2.638 F -.1(og)-.45 G -.15(ra).1 G
-(mmer).15 E(s')-.1 E 2.638(sM)-.4 G(anual,)463.582 625.8 Q F1(4.2)2.638 E(Berk)
-123 637.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yS)-.15 G(oftw)166.91 637.8 Q(are Distrib)-.1 E
-(ution, v)-.2 E(olume 2C.)-.2 E(August 1983.)5 E([Allman83b])87 654 Q .384
-(\231Mail Systems and Addressing in 4.2BSD.)123 666 R 5.384<9a45>-.7 G 2.884
-(.A)311.544 666 S .383(llman In)324.148 666 R F2 .383(UNICOM Confer)2.883 F
-.383(ence Pr)-.37 F(oceedings.)-.45 E F1(San Die)123 678 Q(go, California.)-.15
-E(January 1983.)5 E([Allman&Amos85])87 694.2 Q -.74(``)123 706.2 S 1.145
-(Sendmail Re).74 F(visited.)-.25 E 5.125 -.74('' E)-.7 H 3.645(.A).74 G 1.145
-(llman and M. Amos.)241.215 706.2 R(In)6.145 E F2 1.145
-(Usenix Summer 1985 Confer)3.645 F 1.145(ence Pr)-.37 F(o-)-.45 E(ceedings.)123
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-/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF([ID)87 96 Q(A87])-.4 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Electr)
-1.97 E .983(onic Mail Addr)-.45 F .983(essing in Theory and Pr)-.37 F .982
-(actice with the ID)-.15 F 3.482(AS)-.35 G .982(endmail Enhancement Kit)398.156
-96 R .563(\(or The P)123 108 R(ostmaster')-.8 E 3.063(sL)-.4 G .563(ast W)
-215.989 108 R .564(ill and T)-.55 F(estament\).)-.92 E F1 .564(Lennart Lo)5.564
-F -.5(..)359.828 102 S 3.064(vstrand. Department)364.828 108 R .564
-(of Computer)3.064 F 1.267(and Information Science, Uni)123 120 R -.15(ve)-.25
-G 1.267(rsity of Link).15 F(o)-.1 E -.5(..)306.585 114 S 1.266
-(ping, Sweden, Report no. LiTH-ID)311.585 120 R(A-Ex-8715.)-.4 E(May 1987.)123
-132 Q([RFC821])87 148.2 Q F2(Simple Mail T)123 160.2 Q -.15(ra)-.55 G
-(nsport Pr).15 E(otocol.)-.45 E F1(J. Postel.)5 E(August 1982.)5 E([RFC1123])87
-176.4 Q F2(Requir)123 188.4 Q .163
-(ements for Internet Hosts \212 Application and Support.)-.37 F F1 .164
-(Internet Engineering T)5.164 F .164(ask F)-.8 F(orce,)-.15 E
-(R. Braden, Editor)123 200.4 Q 5(.O)-.55 G(ctober 1989.)207.72 200.4 Q
-([RFC1344])87 216.6 Q F2(Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gate)123 228.6
-Q(ways.)-.15 E F1(N. Borenstein.)5 E(June 1992.)5 E([RFC1413])87 244.8 Q F2
-(Identi\214cation Pr)123 256.8 Q(otocol.)-.45 E F1(M. St. Johns.)5 E
-(February 1993.)5 E([RFC1425])87 273 Q F2 2.352(SMTP Service Extensions.)123
-285 R F1 2.352(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)7.352 F 2.351
-(ferud, and D. Crock)-.25 F(er)-.1 E(.)-.55 E(February 1993.)123 297 Q
-([RFC1426])87 313.2 Q F2 .12(SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtr)123 325.2 R
-(ansport.)-.15 E F1 .12(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)5.12 F(ferud,)
--.25 E(and D. Crock)123 337.2 Q(er)-.1 E 5(.F)-.55 G(ebruary 1993.)196.78 337.2
-Q([RFC1427])87 353.4 Q F2 .813(SMTP Service Extension for Messa)123 365.4 R
-1.013 -.1(ge S)-.1 H .813(ize Declar).1 F(ation.)-.15 E F1 .813
-(J. Klensin, N. Freed, and K. Moore.)5.813 F(February 1993.)123 377.4 Q
-([RFC1521])87 393.6 Q F2 2.033
-(MIME \(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions\) P)123 405.6 R 2.033
-(art One: Mec)-.8 F 2.033(hanisms for Specifying and)-.15 F .933
-(Describing the F)123 417.6 R .933(ormat of Internet Messa)-1.05 F 1.133 -.1
-(ge B)-.1 H(odies.).1 E F1 .932(N. Borenstein and N. Freed.)5.932 F(September)
-5.932 E(1993.)123 429.6 Q EP
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diff --git a/usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/intro/intro.ps b/usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/intro/intro.ps
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-/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar
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-/F0 14/Times-Roman@0 SF(SENDMAIL \212 An Internetw)159.172 141 Q
-(ork Mail Router)-.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Eric Allman*)260.92 165 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(Univer)220.2 183 Q(sity of California, Berk)-.1 E(ele)-.1 E
-(y)-.3 E(Mammoth Pr)251.98 195 Q(oject)-.45 E F1(ABSTRA)262.085 227.4 Q(CT)-.4
-E 1.41(Routing mail through a heterogenous internet presents man)112 243.6 R
-3.91(yn)-.15 G 1.91 -.25(ew p)372.55 243.6 T 3.91(roblems. Among).25 F .297
-(the w)112 255.6 R .297(orst of these is that of address mapping.)-.1 F
-(Historically)5.297 E 2.797(,t)-.65 G .298(his has been handled on an)355.03
-255.6 R F2(ad hoc)112 267.6 Q F1 2.5(basis. Ho)2.5 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.8 -.4(r, t).15 H(his approach has become unmanageable as internets gro).4 E
--.65(w.)-.25 G .15(Sendmail acts a uni\214ed "post of)112 283.8 R .15
-(\214ce" to which all mail can be submitted.)-.25 F .15(Address inter)5.15 F(-)
--.2 E .426(pretation is controlled by a production system, which can parse bot\
-h domain-based ad-)112 295.8 R .423(dressing and old-style)112 307.8 R F2 .423
-(ad hoc)2.923 F F1 2.923(addresses. The)2.923 F .422(production system is po)
-2.922 F .422(werful enough to)-.25 F(re)112 319.8 Q 1.357(write addresses in t\
-he message header to conform to the standards of a number of)-.25 F 1.15
-(common tar)112 331.8 R 1.15(get netw)-.18 F 1.15
-(orks, including old \(NCP/RFC733\) Arpanet, ne)-.1 F 3.65(w\()-.25 G
-(TCP/RFC822\))405.65 331.8 Q 1.119(Arpanet, UUCP)112 343.8 R 3.619(,a)-1.11 G
-1.119(nd Phonenet.)186.448 343.8 R 1.119(Sendmail also implements an SMTP serv)
-6.119 F(er)-.15 E 3.619(,m)-.4 G(essage)437.9 343.8 Q(queueing, and aliasing.)
-112 355.8 Q F2(Sendmail)97 400.2 Q F1 .501(implements a general internetw)3 F
-.501(ork mail routing f)-.1 F(acility)-.1 E 3.001(,f)-.65 G .501
-(eaturing aliasing and forw)369.847 400.2 R(arding,)-.1 E
-(automatic routing to netw)72 412.2 Q(ork g)-.1 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
-(ys, and \215e).1 E(xible con\214guration.)-.15 E .624(In a simple netw)97
-428.4 R .624(ork, each node has an address, and resources can be identi\214ed \
-with a host-resource)-.1 F .374(pair; in particular)72 440.4 R 2.874(,t)-.4 G
-.374(he mail system can refer to users using a host-username pair)149.932 440.4
-R 5.374(.H)-.55 G .375(ost names and numbers)409.276 440.4 R(ha)72 452.4 Q .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ea)108.31 452.4 S
-(dministered by a central authority)119.69 452.4 Q 2.5(,b)-.65 G
-(ut usernames can be assigned locally to each host.)263.82 452.4 Q .649
-(In an internet, multiple netw)97 468.6 R .649(orks with dif)-.1 F .649
-(ferent characterstics and managements must communicate.)-.25 F .389
-(In particular)72 480.6 R 2.889(,t)-.4 G .389
-(he syntax and semantics of resource identi\214cation change.)129.308 480.6 R
-.39(Certain special cases can be han-)5.389 F 1.033(dled tri)72 492.6 R 1.033
-(vially by)-.25 F F2 1.033(ad hoc)3.533 F F1 1.032(techniques, such as pro)
-3.533 F 1.032(viding netw)-.15 F 1.032
-(ork names that appear local to hosts on other)-.1 F(netw)72 504.6 Q 1.454
-(orks, as with the Ethernet at Xerox P)-.1 F 3.955(ARC. Ho)-.92 F(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 4.755 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.455(he general case is e).4 F 1.455
-(xtremely comple)-.15 F 3.955(x. F)-.15 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)72 516.6 S .192
-(ample, some netw).15 F .192(orks require point-to-point routing, which simpli\
-\214es the database update problem since)-.1 F .618(only adjacent hosts must b\
-e entered into the system tables, while others use end-to-end addressing.)72
-528.6 R(Some)5.618 E(netw)72 540.6 Q .123(orks use a left-associati)-.1 F .423
--.15(ve s)-.25 H .123(yntax and others use a right-associati).15 F .423 -.15
-(ve s)-.25 H .123(yntax, causing ambiguity in mix).15 F(ed)-.15 E(addresses.)72
-552.6 Q .678(Internet standards seek to eliminate these problems.)97 568.8 R
-(Initially)5.678 E 3.178(,t)-.65 G .679(hese proposed e)353.134 568.8 R .679
-(xpanding the address)-.15 F .65(pairs to address triples, consisting of {netw)
-72 580.8 R .649(ork, host, resource} triples.)-.1 F(Netw)5.649 E .649
-(ork numbers must be uni)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2(r-).15 G 1.452
-(sally agreed upon, and hosts can be assigned locally on each netw)72 592.8 R
-3.952(ork. The)-.1 F(user)3.952 E(-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.952(lp).15 G 1.452
-(resentation w)440.718 592.8 R(as)-.1 E 2.352(quickly e)72 604.8 R 2.352(xpand\
-ed to address domains, comprised of a local resource identi\214cation and a hi\
-erarchical)-.15 F .256(domain speci\214cation with a common static root.)72
-616.8 R .257(The domain technique separates the issue of ph)5.257 F .257
-(ysical v)-.05 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .807(sus logical addressing.)72 628.8 R -.15
-(Fo)5.807 G 3.307(re).15 G .807
-(xample, an address of the form \231eric@a.cc.berk)191.028 628.8 R(ele)-.1 E
--.65(y.)-.15 G .807(arpa\232 describes only the).65 F(logical or)72 640.8 Q
--.05(ga)-.18 G(nization of the address space.).05 E F2(Sendmail)97 657 Q F1
-.493(is intended to help bridge the g)2.992 F .493(ap between the totally)-.05
-F F2 .493(ad hoc)2.993 F F1 -.1(wo)2.993 G .493(rld of netw).1 F .493
-(orks that kno)-.1 F(w)-.25 E .855
-(nothing of each other and the clean, tightly-coupled w)72 669 R .854
-(orld of unique netw)-.1 F .854(ork numbers.)-.1 F .854(It can accept old)5.854
-F .32 LW 76 678.6 72 678.6 DL 80 678.6 76 678.6 DL 84 678.6 80 678.6 DL 88
-678.6 84 678.6 DL 92 678.6 88 678.6 DL 96 678.6 92 678.6 DL 100 678.6 96 678.6
-DL 104 678.6 100 678.6 DL 108 678.6 104 678.6 DL 112 678.6 108 678.6 DL 116
-678.6 112 678.6 DL 120 678.6 116 678.6 DL 124 678.6 120 678.6 DL 128 678.6 124
-678.6 DL 132 678.6 128 678.6 DL 136 678.6 132 678.6 DL 140 678.6 136 678.6 DL
-144 678.6 140 678.6 DL 148 678.6 144 678.6 DL 152 678.6 148 678.6 DL 156 678.6
-152 678.6 DL 160 678.6 156 678.6 DL 164 678.6 160 678.6 DL 168 678.6 164 678.6
-DL 172 678.6 168 678.6 DL 176 678.6 172 678.6 DL 180 678.6 176 678.6 DL 184
-678.6 180 678.6 DL 188 678.6 184 678.6 DL 192 678.6 188 678.6 DL 196 678.6 192
-678.6 DL 200 678.6 196 678.6 DL 204 678.6 200 678.6 DL 208 678.6 204 678.6 DL
-212 678.6 208 678.6 DL 216 678.6 212 678.6 DL/F3 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .557
-(*A considerable part of this w)93.6 690.6 R .557(ork w)-.08 F .557
-(as done while under the emplo)-.08 F 2.557(yo)-.08 G 2.556(ft)323.116 690.6 S
-.556(he INGRES Project at the Uni)330.56 690.6 R -.12(ve)-.2 G .556
-(rsity of California at).12 F(Berk)72 700.2 Q(ele)-.08 E 2(ya)-.12 G
-(nd at Britton Lee.)106.232 700.2 Q/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(SENDMAIL \212 An Inter)72 756 Q(netw)-.15 E(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-1)
-462.9 756 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 192.28(SMM:9-2 SENDMAIL)72 60 R 2.5<8a41>2.5 G 2.5(nI)
-383.99 60 S(nter)395.94 60 Q(netw)-.15 E(ork Mail Router)-.1 E/F1 10
-/Times-Roman@0 SF .632(arbitrary address syntax)72 96 R .633(es, resolving amb\
-iguities using heuristics speci\214ed by the system administrator)-.15 F 3.133
-(,a)-.4 G(s)500.11 96 Q .348(well as domain-based addressing.)72 108 R .347
-(It helps guide the con)5.347 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .347
-(rsion of message formats between disparate net-).15 F -.1(wo)72 120 S 3.394
-(rks. In).1 F(short,)3.394 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.394 E F1 .894
-(is designed to assist a graceful transition to consistent internetw)3.394 F
-.895(ork addressing)-.1 F(schemes.)72 132 Q .153
-(Section 1 discusses the design goals for)97 160.2 R F2(sendmail)2.653 E F1
-5.153(.S)C .152(ection 2 gi)308.214 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(sa).15 G 2.652
-(no)370.76 160.2 S -.15(ve)383.262 160.2 S(rvie).15 E 2.652(wo)-.25 G 2.652(ft)
-422.724 160.2 S .152(he basic functions)431.486 160.2 R .644(of the system.)72
-172.2 R .644(In section 3, details of usage are discussed.)5.644 F .644
-(Section 4 compares)5.644 F F2(sendmail)3.144 E F1 .645(to other internet)3.144
-F(mail routers, and an e)72 184.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(luation of).25 E F2
-(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)283.3 184.2 S
-(ection 5, including future plans.)294.69 184.2 Q F0 2.5(1. DESIGN)72 208.2 R
-(GO)2.5 E(ALS)-.4 E F1(Design goals for)112 224.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
-(include:)2.5 E 12.5(\(1\) Compatibility)92 240.6 R 1.363(with the e)3.864 F
-1.363(xisting mail programs, including Bell v)-.15 F 1.363
-(ersion 6 mail, Bell v)-.15 F 1.363(ersion 7)-.15 F 1.202(mail [UNIX83], Berk)
-118.66 252.6 R(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(Mail)3.702 E F1 1.202
-([Shoens79], BerkNet mail [Schmidt79], and hopefully UUCP)3.702 F(mail [No)
-118.66 264.6 Q(witz78a, No)-.25 E 2.5(witz78b]. ARP)-.25 F(ANET mail [Crock)
--.92 E(er77a, Postel77] w)-.1 E(as also required.)-.1 E 12.5(\(2\) Reliability)
-92 280.8 R 4.003(,i)-.65 G 4.003(nt)169.523 280.8 S 1.502
-(he sense of guaranteeing that e)181.306 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.502
-(ry message is correctly deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.502(red or at least).15 F
-.368
-(brought to the attention of a human for correct disposal; no message should e)
-118.66 292.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.868(rb).15 G 2.868(ec)452.252 292.8 S
-(ompletely)464 292.8 Q 2.541(lost. This)118.66 304.8 R .041(goal w)2.541 F .041
-(as considered essential because of the emphasis on mail in our en)-.1 F 2.54
-(vironment. It)-.4 F 1.754
-(has turned out to be one of the hardest goals to satisfy)118.66 316.8 R 4.255
-(,e)-.65 G 1.755(specially in the f)363.75 316.8 R 1.755(ace of the man)-.1 F
-(y)-.15 E .978(anomalous message formats produced by v)118.66 328.8 R .977
-(arious ARP)-.25 F .977(ANET sites.)-.92 F -.15(Fo)5.977 G 3.477(re).15 G .977
-(xample, certain sites)420.116 328.8 R .069
-(generate improperly formated addresses, occasionally causing error)118.66
-340.8 R .069(-message loops.)-.2 F .069(Some hosts)5.069 F .063(use blanks in \
-names, causing problems with UNIX mail programs that assume that an address is)
-118.66 352.8 R .111(one w)118.66 364.8 R 2.611(ord. The)-.1 F .111
-(semantics of some \214elds are interpreted slightly dif)2.611 F .112
-(ferently by dif)-.25 F .112(ferent sites.)-.25 F(In)5.112 E(summary)118.66
-376.8 Q 3.023(,t)-.65 G .523(he obscure features of the ARP)163.533 376.8 R
-.523(ANET mail protocol really)-.92 F F2(ar)3.023 E(e)-.37 E F1 .522
-(used and are dif)3.023 F(\214cult)-.25 E(to support, b)118.66 388.8 Q
-(ut must be supported.)-.2 E 12.5(\(3\) Existing)92 405 R(softw)2.938 E .438
-(are to do actual deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ry should be used whene).15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.939(rp).15 G 2.939(ossible. This)387.654 405 R .439(goal deri)
-2.939 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.939(sa).15 G(s)500.11 405 Q
-(much from political and practical considerations as technical.)118.66 417 Q
-12.5(\(4\) Easy)92 433.2 R -.15(ex)2.899 G .399(pansion to f).15 F .399
-(airly comple)-.1 F 2.898(xe)-.15 G -.4(nv)261.064 433.2 S .398
-(ironments, including multiple connections to a single net-).4 F -.1(wo)118.66
-445.2 S .115
-(rk type \(such as with multiple UUCP or Ether nets [Metcalfe76]\).).1 F .115
-(This goal requires consid-)5.115 F .587(eration of the contents of an address\
- as well as its syntax in order to determine which g)118.66 457.2 R(ate)-.05 E
--.1(wa)-.25 G(y).1 E 1.018(to use.)118.66 469.2 R -.15(Fo)6.018 G 3.518(re).15
-G 1.018(xample, the ARP)173.354 469.2 R 1.019
-(ANET is bringing up the TCP protocol to replace the old NCP)-.92 F 4.791
-(protocol. No)118.66 481.2 R 2.291(host at Berk)4.791 F(ele)-.1 E 4.791(yr)-.15
-G 2.291(uns both TCP and NCP)256.235 481.2 R 4.791(,s)-1.11 G 4.79(oi)369.37
-481.2 S 4.79(ti)381.94 481.2 S 4.79(sn)392.29 481.2 S 2.29
-(ecessary to look at the)405.97 481.2 R(ARP)118.66 493.2 Q .016
-(ANET host name to determine whether to route mail to an NCP g)-.92 F(ate)-.05
-E -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.517(yo).1 G 2.517(raT)435.569 493.2 S .017(CP g)454.483 493.2
-R(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G 12.5(\(5\) Con\214guration)92 509.4 R
-.145(should not be compiled into the code.)2.645 F 2.645(As)5.145 G .145
-(ingle compiled program should be able)346.905 509.4 R .91(to run as is at an)
-118.66 521.4 R 3.41(ys)-.15 G .91
-(ite \(barring such basic changes as the CPU type or the operating system\).)
-200.63 521.4 R 2.61 -.8(We h)118.66 533.4 T -2.25 -.2(av e).8 H 1.009
-(found this seemingly unimportant goal to be critical in real life.)3.71 F
-1.009(Besides the simple)6.009 F .66(problems that occur when an)118.66 545.4 R
-3.16(yp)-.15 G .66(rogram gets recompiled in a dif)249.84 545.4 R .66
-(ferent en)-.25 F .66(vironment, man)-.4 F 3.16(ys)-.15 G(ites)490.11 545.4 Q
-(lik)118.66 557.4 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5<6f99>138.84 557.4 S(\214ddle\232 with an)
-150.78 557.4 Q(ything that the)-.15 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill be recompiling an)
-282.42 557.4 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E(\(6\))92 573.6 Q F2(Sendmail)118.66
-573.6 Q F1 .184(must be able to let v)2.684 F .184
-(arious groups maintain their o)-.25 F .184(wn mailing lists, and let indi)-.25
-F(viduals)-.25 E(specify their o)118.66 585.6 Q(wn forw)-.25 E
-(arding, without modifying the system alias \214le.)-.1 E 12.5(\(7\) Each)92
-601.8 R .313(user should be able to specify which mailer to e)2.813 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .313(cute to process mail being deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314(red for)
-.15 F 3.098(him. This)118.66 613.8 R .598(feature allo)3.098 F .598
-(ws users who are using specialized mailers that use a dif)-.25 F .598
-(ferent format to)-.25 F -.2(bu)118.66 625.8 S .25(ild their en).2 F .25
-(vironment without changing the system, and f)-.4 F .25
-(acilitates specialized functions \(such)-.1 F(as returning an \231I am on v)
-118.66 637.8 Q(acation\232 message\).)-.25 E 12.5(\(8\) Netw)92 654 R 1.553
-(ork traf)-.1 F 1.552(\214c should be minimized by batching addresses to a sin\
-gle host where possible,)-.25 F(without assistance from the user)118.66 666 Q
-(.)-.55 E .374(These goals moti)112 682.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G .374
-(ted the architecture illustrated in \214gure 1.).25 F .375
-(The user interacts with a mail gen-)5.375 F .491(erating and sending program.)
-87 694.2 R .491(When the mail is created, the generator calls)5.491 F F2
-(sendmail)2.99 E F1 2.99(,w)C .49(hich routes the)444.14 694.2 R .84
-(message to the correct mailer\(s\).)87 706.2 R .841
-(Since some of the senders may be netw)5.84 F .841(ork serv)-.1 F .841
-(ers and some of the)-.15 F(mailers may be netw)87 718.2 Q(ork clients,)-.1 E
-F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(may be used as an internet mail g)2.5 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)
--.25 G -.65(y.).1 G EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL \212 An Inter)72 60 Q(netw)-.15 E
-(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-3)462.9 60 Q .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 108
-DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 DL 104 108
-99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 108 DL 124 108 119
-108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 134 108 DL 144 108 139 108
-DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL
-169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL 179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189
-108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108
-204 108 DL 214 108 209 108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224
-108 DL 234 108 229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108
-DL 254 108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL
-274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 DL 294
-108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 108 DL 314 108
-309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 324 108 DL 334 108 329
-108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108
-DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL 369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL
-379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399
-108 394 108 DL 404 108 399 108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108
-414 108 DL 424 108 419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434
-108 DL 444 108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108
-DL 464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 DL
-484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 108 DL 504
-108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(sender1)164.45 155.6 Q 144 135.6 144
-171.6 DL 216 135.6 144 135.6 DL 216 171.6 216 135.6 DL 144 171.6 216 171.6 DL
-(sender2)272.45 155.6 Q 252 135.6 252 171.6 DL 324 135.6 252 135.6 DL 324 171.6
-324 135.6 DL 252 171.6 324 171.6 DL(sender3)380.45 155.6 Q 360 135.6 360 171.6
-DL 432 135.6 360 135.6 DL 432 171.6 432 135.6 DL 360 171.6 432 171.6 DL 288
-207.6 288 171.6 DL 288 207.6 286.2 200.4 DL 288 207.6 289.8 200.4 DL(sendmail)
-269.945 227.6 Q 216 207.6 216 243.6 DL 360 207.6 216 207.6 DL 360 243.6 360
-207.6 DL 216 243.6 360 243.6 DL 288 279.6 288 243.6 DL 288 279.6 286.2 272.4 DL
-288 279.6 289.8 272.4 DL(mailer1)164.725 299.6 Q 144 279.6 144 315.6 DL 216
-279.6 144 279.6 DL 216 315.6 216 279.6 DL 144 315.6 216 315.6 DL(mailer2)
-272.725 299.6 Q 252 279.6 252 315.6 DL 324 279.6 252 279.6 DL 324 315.6 324
-279.6 DL 252 315.6 324 315.6 DL(mailer3)380.725 299.6 Q 360 279.6 360 315.6 DL
-432 279.6 360 279.6 DL 432 315.6 432 279.6 DL 360 315.6 432 315.6 DL 252 207.6
-180 171.6 DL 252 207.6 244.728 206.016 DL 252 207.6 246.384 202.776 DL 324
-207.6 396 171.6 DL 324 207.6 329.616 202.776 DL 324 207.6 331.272 206.016 DL
-180 279.6 252 243.6 DL 180 279.6 185.616 274.776 DL 180 279.6 187.272 278.016
-DL 396 279.6 324 243.6 DL 396 279.6 388.728 278.016 DL 396 279.6 390.384
-274.776 DL(Figure 1 \212 Sendmail System Structure.)208 346.8 Q 77 358.8 72
-358.8 DL 79 358.8 74 358.8 DL 84 358.8 79 358.8 DL 89 358.8 84 358.8 DL 94
-358.8 89 358.8 DL 99 358.8 94 358.8 DL 104 358.8 99 358.8 DL 109 358.8 104
-358.8 DL 114 358.8 109 358.8 DL 119 358.8 114 358.8 DL 124 358.8 119 358.8 DL
-129 358.8 124 358.8 DL 134 358.8 129 358.8 DL 139 358.8 134 358.8 DL 144 358.8
-139 358.8 DL 149 358.8 144 358.8 DL 154 358.8 149 358.8 DL 159 358.8 154 358.8
-DL 164 358.8 159 358.8 DL 169 358.8 164 358.8 DL 174 358.8 169 358.8 DL 179
-358.8 174 358.8 DL 184 358.8 179 358.8 DL 189 358.8 184 358.8 DL 194 358.8 189
-358.8 DL 199 358.8 194 358.8 DL 204 358.8 199 358.8 DL 209 358.8 204 358.8 DL
-214 358.8 209 358.8 DL 219 358.8 214 358.8 DL 224 358.8 219 358.8 DL 229 358.8
-224 358.8 DL 234 358.8 229 358.8 DL 239 358.8 234 358.8 DL 244 358.8 239 358.8
-DL 249 358.8 244 358.8 DL 254 358.8 249 358.8 DL 259 358.8 254 358.8 DL 264
-358.8 259 358.8 DL 269 358.8 264 358.8 DL 274 358.8 269 358.8 DL 279 358.8 274
-358.8 DL 284 358.8 279 358.8 DL 289 358.8 284 358.8 DL 294 358.8 289 358.8 DL
-299 358.8 294 358.8 DL 304 358.8 299 358.8 DL 309 358.8 304 358.8 DL 314 358.8
-309 358.8 DL 319 358.8 314 358.8 DL 324 358.8 319 358.8 DL 329 358.8 324 358.8
-DL 334 358.8 329 358.8 DL 339 358.8 334 358.8 DL 344 358.8 339 358.8 DL 349
-358.8 344 358.8 DL 354 358.8 349 358.8 DL 359 358.8 354 358.8 DL 364 358.8 359
-358.8 DL 369 358.8 364 358.8 DL 374 358.8 369 358.8 DL 379 358.8 374 358.8 DL
-384 358.8 379 358.8 DL 389 358.8 384 358.8 DL 394 358.8 389 358.8 DL 399 358.8
-394 358.8 DL 404 358.8 399 358.8 DL 409 358.8 404 358.8 DL 414 358.8 409 358.8
-DL 419 358.8 414 358.8 DL 424 358.8 419 358.8 DL 429 358.8 424 358.8 DL 434
-358.8 429 358.8 DL 439 358.8 434 358.8 DL 444 358.8 439 358.8 DL 449 358.8 444
-358.8 DL 454 358.8 449 358.8 DL 459 358.8 454 358.8 DL 464 358.8 459 358.8 DL
-469 358.8 464 358.8 DL 474 358.8 469 358.8 DL 479 358.8 474 358.8 DL 484 358.8
-479 358.8 DL 489 358.8 484 358.8 DL 494 358.8 489 358.8 DL 499 358.8 494 358.8
-DL 504 358.8 499 358.8 DL F0 2.5(2. O)72 394.8 R(VER)-.5 E(VIEW)-.55 E 2.5
-(2.1. System)87 418.8 R(Or)2.5 E(ganization)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(Sendmail)127 435 Q F1 .874(neither interf)3.374 F .874
-(aces with the user nor does actual mail deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
-5.873(.R)-.65 G(ather)431.241 435 Q 3.373(,i)-.4 G 3.373(tc)459.484 435 S .873
-(ollects a)470.077 435 R .619(message generated by a user interf)102 447 R .619
-(ace program \(UIP\) such as Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(Mail)3.12 E F1
-3.12(,M)C 3.12(S[)427.6 447 S(Crock)439.61 447 Q .62(er77b], or)-.1 F 1.428
-(MH [Borden79], edits the message as required by the destination netw)102 459 R
-1.427(ork, and calls appropriate)-.1 F .28(mailers to do mail deli)102 473 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .281(ry or queueing for netw).15 F .281(ork transmission)-.1 F
-/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)364.275 469 Q F1 5.281(.T)367.775 473 S .281
-(his discipline allo)381.666 473 R .281(ws the inser)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.354
-(tion of ne)102 485 R 3.854(wm)-.25 G 1.354(ailers at minimum cost.)161.642 485
-R 1.354(In this sense)6.354 F F2(sendmail)3.853 E F1 1.353
-(resembles the Message Processing)3.853 F(Module \(MPM\) of [Postel79b].)102
-497 Q F0 2.5(2.2. Interfaces)87 521 R(to the Outside W)2.5 E(orld)-.75 E F1
-.041(There are three w)127 537.2 R(ays)-.1 E F2(sendmail)2.541 E F1 .041
-(can communicate with the outside w)2.541 F .042(orld, both in recei)-.1 F .042
-(ving and)-.25 F 1.195(in sending mail.)102 549.2 R 1.194
-(These are using the con)6.194 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.194(ntional UNIX ar).15 F
-1.194(gument v)-.18 F 1.194(ector/return status, speaking)-.15 F(SMTP o)102
-561.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rap).15 G(air of UNIX pipes, and speaking SMTP o)
-162.53 561.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ra).15 G 2.5(ni)348.03 561.2 S
-(nterprocess\(or\) channel.)358.31 561.2 Q F0 2.5(2.2.1. Ar)102 585.2 R
-(gument v)-.1 E(ector/exit status)-.1 E F1 .52(This technique is the standard \
-UNIX method for communicating with the process.)142 601.4 R 3.02(Al)5.52 G(ist)
-494.55 601.4 Q .442(of recipients is sent in the ar)117 613.4 R .441(gument v)
--.18 F(ector)-.15 E 2.941(,a)-.4 G .441
-(nd the message body is sent on the standard input.)299.491 613.4 R(An)117
-625.4 Q .351(ything that the mailer prints is simply collected and sent back t\
-o the sender if there were an)-.15 F(y)-.15 E 2.621(problems. The)117 637.4 R
--.15(ex)2.621 G .121(it status from the mailer is collected after the message \
-is sent, and a diagnostic).15 F(is printed if appropriate.)117 649.4 Q .32 LW
-76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84
-678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104
-678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112
-678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL
-132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8
-140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8
-DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172
-678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180
-678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL
-200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8
-208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(ex)3.2 K(cept when mailing to a \214le, when).12 E/F6 8
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2 E F5(does the deli)2 E -.12(ve)-.2 G(ry directly)
-.12 E(.)-.52 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 192.28(SMM:9-4 SENDMAIL)72 60 R 2.5<8a41>2.5 G 2.5(nI)
-383.99 60 S(nter)395.94 60 Q(netw)-.15 E(ork Mail Router)-.1 E 2.5(2.2.2. SMTP)
-102 96 R -.1(ove)2.5 G 2.5(rp).1 G(ipes)186.52 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .774
-(The SMTP protocol [Postel82] can be used to run an interacti)142 112.2 R 1.074
--.15(ve l)-.25 H .774(ock-step interf).15 F .774(ace with)-.1 F .507
-(the mailer)117 124.2 R 5.507(.A)-.55 G .506(subprocess is still created, b)
-175.461 124.2 R .506(ut no recipient addresses are passed to the mailer via)-.2
-F .075(the ar)117 136.2 R .075(gument list.)-.18 F .075(Instead, the)5.075 F
-2.575(ya)-.15 G .075
-(re passed one at a time in commands sent to the processes stan-)249.805 136.2
-R .19(dard input.)117 148.2 R(An)5.19 E .19(ything appearing on the standard o\
-utput must be a reply code in a special format.)-.15 F F0 2.5(2.2.3. SMTP)102
-172.2 R -.1(ove)2.5 G 2.5(ra).1 G 2.5(nI)185.96 172.2 S(PC connection)197.91
-172.2 Q F1 .366(This technique is similar to the pre)142 188.4 R .366
-(vious technique, e)-.25 F .366(xcept that it uses a 4.2bsd IPC chan-)-.15 F
-.953(nel [UNIX83].)117 200.4 R .953(This method is e)5.953 F .953
-(xceptionally \215e)-.15 F .952
-(xible in that the mailer need not reside on the)-.15 F(same machine.)117 212.4
-Q(It is normally used to connect to a sendmail process on another machine.)5 E
-F0 2.5(2.3. Operational)87 236.4 R(Description)2.5 E F1 .228(When a sender w)
-127 252.6 R .228(ants to send a message, it issues a request to)-.1 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.729 E F1 .229(using one of the three)2.729 F
-1.028(methods described abo)102 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F2(Sendmail)
-6.028 E F1 1.028(operates in tw)3.528 F 3.528(od)-.1 G 1.028(istinct phases.)
-325.706 264.6 R 1.028(In the \214rst phase, it collects)6.028 F .612
-(and stores the message.)102 276.6 R .612(In the second phase, message deli)
-5.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .612(ry occurs.).15 F .612(If there were errors during)
-5.612 F 1.59(processing during the second phase,)102 288.6 R F2(sendmail)4.09 E
-F1 1.59(creates and returns a ne)4.09 F 4.09(wm)-.25 G 1.59
-(essage describing the)415.84 288.6 R
-(error and/or returns an status code telling what went wrong.)102 300.6 Q F0
-2.5(2.3.1. Ar)102 324.6 R(gument pr)-.1 E(ocessing and addr)-.18 E(ess parsing)
--.18 E F1(If)142 340.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.321 E F1 .821
-(is called using one of the tw)3.321 F 3.322(os)-.1 G .822
-(ubprocess techniques, the ar)320.66 340.8 R .822(guments are \214rst)-.18 F
-.797(scanned and option speci\214cations are processed.)117 352.8 R .796
-(Recipient addresses are then collected, either)5.796 F .717(from the command \
-line or from the SMTP RCPT command, and a list of recipients is created.)117
-364.8 R .347(Aliases are e)117 376.8 R .347
-(xpanded at this step, including mailing lists.)-.15 F .347(As much v)5.347 F
-.346(alidation as possible of the)-.25 F 1.001
-(addresses is done at this step: syntax is check)117 388.8 R 1.002
-(ed, and local addresses are v)-.1 F 1.002(eri\214ed, b)-.15 F 1.002
-(ut detailed)-.2 F .709
-(checking of host names and addresses is deferred until deli)117 400.8 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 5.708(.F)-.65 G(orw)388.946 400.8 Q .708
-(arding is also performed)-.1 F(as the local addresses are v)117 412.8 Q
-(eri\214ed.)-.15 E F2(Sendmail)142 429 Q F1 .307
-(appends each address to the recipient list after parsing.)2.807 F .307
-(When a name is aliased)5.307 F .322(or forw)117 441 R .322(arded, the old nam\
-e is retained in the list, and a \215ag is set that tells the deli)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .322(ry phase to).15 F .479(ignore this recipient.)117 453 R .479
-(This list is k)5.479 F .479(ept free from duplicates, pre)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.48(nting alias loops and duplicate).15 F(messages deli)117 465 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G(rd to the same recipient, as might occur if a person is in tw).15 E 2.5(og)
--.1 G(roups.)428.12 465 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. Message)102 489 R(collection)2.5 E F2
-(Sendmail)142 505.2 Q F1 .454(then collects the message.)2.954 F .454
-(The message should ha)5.454 F .754 -.15(ve a h)-.2 H .453(eader at the be).15
-F(ginning.)-.15 E .778(No formatting requirements are imposed on the message e)
-117 517.2 R .778(xcept that the)-.15 F 3.278(ym)-.15 G .778(ust be lines of te)
-427.708 517.2 R(xt)-.15 E .78(\(i.e., binary data is not allo)117 529.2 R 3.28
-(wed\). The)-.25 F .779(header is parsed and stored in memory)3.28 F 3.279(,a)
--.65 G .779(nd the body of)443.613 529.2 R(the message is sa)117 541.2 Q -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(nat)204.97 541.2 S(emporary \214le.)222.19 541.2 Q
-3.227 -.8(To s)142 557.4 T 1.627(implify the program interf).8 F 1.628
-(ace, the message is collected e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.128(ni).15 G 4.128(fn)
-420.536 557.4 S 4.128(oa)432.994 557.4 S 1.628(ddresses were)446.562 557.4 R
--.25(va)117 569.4 S 2.5(lid. The).25 F(message will be returned with an error)
-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(2.3.3. Message)102 593.4 R(deli)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1
-E F1 -.15(Fo)142 609.6 S 2.618(re).15 G .117
-(ach unique mailer and host in the recipient list,)162.798 609.6 R F2(sendmail)
-2.617 E F1 .117(calls the appropriate mailer)2.617 F(.)-.55 E .619
-(Each mailer in)117 621.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .619(cation sends to all users recei)
-.2 F .619(ving the message on one host.)-.25 F .62(Mailers that only)5.62 F
-(accept one recipient at a time are handled properly)117 633.6 Q(.)-.65 E .47
-(The message is sent to the mailer using one of the same three interf)142 649.8
-R .47(aces used to submit a)-.1 F 1.465(message to sendmail.)117 661.8 R 1.465
-(Each cop)6.465 F 3.965(yo)-.1 G 3.965(ft)263.925 661.8 S 1.465
-(he message is prepended by a customized header)274 661.8 R 6.465(.T)-.55 G(he)
-494.56 661.8 Q 1.455(mailer status code is caught and check)117 673.8 R 1.455
-(ed, and a suitable error message gi)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.955(na).15 G 3.955
-(sa)448.115 673.8 S(ppropriate.)460.4 673.8 Q .589(The e)117 685.8 R .589(xit \
-code must conform to a system standard or a generic message \(\231Service una)
--.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable\232\)).25 E(is gi)117 697.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(n.).15
-E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL \212 An Inter)72 60 Q(netw)-.15 E
-(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-5)462.9 60 Q 2.5(2.3.4. Queueing)102 96 R -.25(fo)
-2.5 G 2.5(rr).25 G(etransmission)192.4 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .209(If the\
- mailer returned an status that indicated that it might be able to handle the \
-mail later)142 112.2 R(,)-.4 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)117 124.2 Q F1
-(will queue the mail and try ag)2.5 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
-(2.3.5. Retur)102 148.2 R 2.5(nt)-.15 G 2.5(os)165.73 148.2 S(ender)177.12
-148.2 Q F1 .588(If errors occur during processing,)142 164.4 R F2(sendmail)
-3.088 E F1 .589(returns the message to the sender for retrans-)3.088 F 3.133
-(mission. The)117 176.4 R .632(letter can be mailed back or written in the \
-\214le \231dead.letter\232 in the sender')3.133 F 3.132(sh)-.55 G(ome)486.78
-176.4 Q(directory)117 190.4 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)153.1 186.4 Q F1(.)156.6
-190.4 Q F0 2.5(2.4. Message)87 214.4 R(Header Editing)2.5 E F1 1.756
-(Certain editing of the message header occurs automatically)127 230.6 R 6.756
-(.H)-.65 G 1.756(eader lines can be inserted)391.456 230.6 R .41
-(under control of the con\214guration \214le.)102 242.6 R .41
-(Some lines can be mer)5.41 F .41(ged; for e)-.18 F .41
-(xample, a \231From:\232 line and)-.15 F 2.5<6199>102 254.6 S
-(Full-name:\232 line can be mer)113.38 254.6 Q
-(ged under certain circumstances.)-.18 E F0 2.5(2.5. Con\214guration)87 278.6 R
-(File)2.5 E F1 .798(Almost all con\214guration information is read at runtime \
-from an ASCII \214le, encoding macro)127 294.8 R .679
-(de\214nitions \(de\214ning the v)102 306.8 R .678
-(alue of macros used internally\), header declarations \(telling sendmail the)
--.25 F 1.009(format of header lines that it will process specially)102 318.8 R
-3.509(,i)-.65 G 1.009(.e., lines that it will add or reformat\), mailer)320.398
-318.8 R .478(de\214nitions \(gi)102 330.8 R .478(ving information such as the \
-location and characteristics of each mailer\), and address)-.25 F(re)102 342.8
-Q .428(writing rules \(a limited production system to re)-.25 F .429
-(write addresses which is used to parse and re)-.25 F(write)-.25 E
-(the addresses\).)102 354.8 Q 2.828 -.8(To i)127 371 T(mpro).8 E 1.528 -.15
-(ve p)-.15 H 1.228(erformance when reading the con\214guration \214le, a memor\
-y image can be pro-).15 F 2.5(vided. This)102 383 R(pro)2.5 E
-(vides a \231compiled\232 form of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 E F0 2.5
-(3. USA)72 407 R(GE AND IMPLEMENT)-.55 E -.95(AT)-.9 G(ION).95 E 2.5(3.1. Ar)87
-431 R(guments)-.1 E F1(Ar)127 447.2 Q .376
-(guments may be \215ags and addresses.)-.18 F .377(Flags set v)5.377 F .377
-(arious processing options.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.377 G(llo).15 E .377(wing \215ag)
--.25 F(ar)102 459.2 Q .281(guments, address ar)-.18 F .281(guments may be gi)
--.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .281(n, unless we are running in SMTP mode.).15 F .28
-(Addresses fol-)5.28 F(lo)102 471.2 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(he syntax in RFC822 [Crock)
-122.03 471.2 Q(er82] for ARP)-.1 E(ANET address formats.)-.92 E
-(In brief, the format is:)5 E 12.5(\(1\) An)107 487.4 R
-(ything in parentheses is thro)-.15 E(wn a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G 2.5(y\().1 G
-(as a comment\).)299.65 487.4 Q 12.5(\(2\) An)107 503.6 R .051
-(ything in angle brack)-.15 F .051(ets \(\231<)-.1 F .051
-(>\232\) is preferred o)1.666 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.551(ra).15 G -.15(ny)348.064
-503.6 S .051(thing else.).15 F .051(This rule implements the)5.051 F(ARP)133.66
-515.6 Q(ANET standard that addresses of the form)-.92 E
-(user name <machine-address>)173.66 531.8 Q(will send to the electronic \231ma\
-chine-address\232 rather than the human \231user name.)133.66 548 Q<9a>-.7 E
-12.5(\(3\) Double)107 564.2 R 2.246(quotes \()4.746 F -2.754 2.5("\) q)2.5 H
-2.246(uote phrases; backslashes quote characters.)224.188 564.2 R 2.246
-(Backslashes are more)7.246 F(po)133.66 576.2 Q .654(werful in that the)-.25 F
-3.154(yw)-.15 G .655(ill cause otherwise equi)229.196 576.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.655(lent phrases to compare dif).25 F .655(ferently \212 for)-.25 F -.15(ex)
-133.66 588.2 S(ample,).15 E F2(user)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F2("user")2.5 E F1
-(are equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent, b).25 E(ut)-.2 E F2(\\user)2.5 E F1
-(is dif)2.5 E(ferent from either of them.)-.25 E -.15(Pa)127 604.4 S 1.12
-(rentheses, angle brack).15 F 1.12
-(ets, and double quotes must be properly balanced and nested.)-.1 F(The)6.12 E
-(re)102 618.4 Q(writing rules control remaining parsing)-.25 E F3(3)266.17
-614.4 Q F1(.)269.67 618.4 Q .32 LW 76 646 72 646 DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80
-646 DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL 96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104
-646 100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL 112 646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646
-116 646 DL 124 646 120 646 DL 128 646 124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132
-646 DL 140 646 136 646 DL 144 646 140 646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646
-DL 156 646 152 646 DL 160 646 156 646 DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL
-172 646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL 180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL 188
-646 184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196 646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 DL 204 646
-200 646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646 208 646 DL 216 646 212 646 DL/F4 5
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 656.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ob)3.2 I(viously)-.12 E
-2.226(,i)-.52 G 2.226(ft)135.246 659.6 S .226(he site gi)142.36 659.6 R .226(v\
-ing the error is not the originating site, the only reasonable option is to ma\
-il back to the sender)-.2 F 4.227(.A)-.44 G(lso,)492.664 659.6 Q .191
-(there are man)72 669.2 R 2.191(ym)-.12 G .19(ore error disposition options, b)
-128.213 669.2 R .19(ut the)-.16 F 2.19(yo)-.12 G .19(nly ef)255.514 669.2 R .19
-(fect the error message \212 the \231return to sender\232 function is al)-.2 F
--.08(wa)-.08 G .19(ys han-).08 F(dled in one of these tw)72 678.8 Q 2(ow)-.08 G
-(ays.)156.272 678.8 Q F4(3)93.6 689.2 Q F5
-(Disclaimer: Some special processing is done after re)3.2 I
-(writing local names; see belo)-.2 E -.52(w.)-.2 G EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 192.28(SMM:9-6 SENDMAIL)72 60 R 2.5<8a41>2.5 G 2.5(nI)
-383.99 60 S(nter)395.94 60 Q(netw)-.15 E(ork Mail Router)-.1 E 2.5(3.2. Mail)87
-96 R(to Files and Pr)2.5 E(ograms)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .609
-(Files and programs are le)127 112.2 R .609(gitimate message recipients.)-.15 F
-.609(Files pro)5.609 F .609(vide archi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.109(ls).25 G .61
-(torage of mes-)445.02 112.2 R .124
-(sages, useful for project administration and history)102 124.2 R 5.124(.P)-.65
-G .124(rograms are useful as recipients in a v)318.308 124.2 R .124(ariety of)
--.25 F .69(situations, for e)102 136.2 R .691(xample, to maintain a public rep\
-ository of systems messages \(such as the Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(msgs)102 148.2 Q F1(program, or the MARS system [Sattle)2.5
-E(y78]\).)-.15 E(An)127 164.4 Q 3.188(ya)-.15 G .688(ddress passing through th\
-e initial parsing algorithm as a local address \(i.e, not appear)151.698 164.4
-R(-)-.2 E .276(ing to be a v)102 176.4 R .276
-(alid address for another mailer\) is scanned for tw)-.25 F 2.776(os)-.1 G .277
-(pecial cases.)362.128 176.4 R .277(If pre\214x)5.277 F .277(ed by a v)-.15 F
-(erti-)-.15 E .18(cal bar \(\231)102 188.4 R .833<7c9a>.833 G 2.68(\)t)-.833 G
-.179(he rest of the address is processed as a shell command.)156.456 188.4 R
-.179(If the user name be)5.179 F .179(gins with a)-.15 F(slash mark \(\231/)102
-200.4 Q(\232\) the name is used as a \214le name, instead of a login name.).833
-E .241(Files that ha)127 216.6 R .541 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .241
-(etuid or setgid bits set b).15 F .241(ut no e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .241
-(cute bits set ha).15 F .541 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .241(hose bits honored if).15 F F2
-(send-)2.742 E(mail)102 228.6 Q F1(is running as root.)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(3.3. Aliasing,)87 252.6 R -.25(Fo)2.5 G(rwarding, Inclusion).25 E F2(Sendmail)
-127 268.8 Q F1 1.075(reroutes mail three w)3.575 F 3.575(ays. Aliasing)-.1 F
-1.074(applies system wide.)3.575 F -.15(Fo)6.074 G(rw).15 E 1.074(arding allo)
--.1 F 1.074(ws each)-.25 F .233
-(user to reroute incoming mail destined for that account.)102 280.8 R .233
-(Inclusion directs)5.233 F F2(sendmail)2.733 E F1 .233(to read a \214le for)
-2.733 F 2.5(al)102 292.8 S
-(ist of addresses, and is normally used in conjunction with aliasing.)111.72
-292.8 Q F0 2.5(3.3.1. Aliasing)102 316.8 R F1 1.554
-(Aliasing maps names to address lists using a system-wide \214le.)142 333 R
-1.553(This \214le is inde)6.553 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.053(dt).15 G(o)499 333 Q 1.1
-(speed access.)117 345 R 1.101(Only names that parse as local are allo)6.1 F
-1.101(wed as aliases; this guarantees a unique)-.25 F -.1(ke)117 357 S 2.5(y\()
--.05 G(since there are no nicknames for the local host\).)137.02 357 Q F0 2.5
-(3.3.2. F)102 381 R(orwarding)-.25 E F1 .651
-(After aliasing, recipients that are local and v)142 397.2 R .651
-(alid are check)-.25 F .65(ed for the e)-.1 F .65(xistence of a \231.for)-.15 F
-(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)117 409.2 S .493(rd\232 \214le in their home directory).1 F
-5.493(.I)-.65 G 2.994(fi)264.178 409.2 S 2.994(te)273.282 409.2 S .494
-(xists, the message is)283.346 409.2 R F2(not)2.994 E F1 .494
-(sent to that user)2.994 F 2.994(,b)-.4 G .494(ut rather to)459.132 409.2 R .37
-(the list of users in that \214le.)117 421.2 R .37
-(Often this list will contain only one address, and the feature will be)5.37 F
-(used for netw)117 433.2 Q(ork mail forw)-.1 E(arding.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 449.4
-S(rw).15 E 1.151(arding also permits a user to specify a pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25
-G 1.152(te incoming mailer).25 F 6.152(.F)-.55 G 1.152(or e)437.346 449.4 R
-1.152(xample, for)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)117 461.4 S(rding to:).1 E -2.5 .833
-("| /)157 477.6 T(usr/local/ne)-.833 E(wmail myname")-.25 E(will use a dif)117
-493.8 Q(ferent incoming mailer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(3.3.3. Inclusion)102
-517.8 R F1(Inclusion is speci\214ed in RFC 733 [Crock)142 534 Q(er77a] syntax:)
--.1 E(:Include: pathname)157 550.2 Q .391
-(An address of this form reads the \214le speci\214ed by)117 566.4 R F2
-(pathname)2.891 E F1 .391(and sends to all users listed in that)2.891 F
-(\214le.)117 578.4 Q .644(The intent is)142 594.6 R F2(not)3.144 E F1 .644
-(to support direct use of this feature, b)3.144 F .644
-(ut rather to use this as a subset of)-.2 F 2.5(aliasing. F)117 606.6 R(or e)
--.15 E(xample, an alias of the form:)-.15 E
-(project: :include:/usr/project/userlist)157 622.8 Q 1.93(is a method of letti\
-ng a project maintain a mailing list without interaction with the system)117
-639 R(administration, e)117 651 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)203.54 651
-S(he alias \214le is protected.)212.15 651 Q 2.024(It is not necessary to reb)
-142 667.2 R 2.024(uild the inde)-.2 F 4.524(xo)-.15 G 4.524(nt)317.822 667.2 S
-2.025(he alias database when a :include: list is)330.126 667.2 R(changed.)117
-679.2 Q EP
-%%Page: 7 7
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL \212 An Inter)72 60 Q(netw)-.15 E
-(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-7)462.9 60 Q 2.5(3.4. Message)87 96 R(Collection)
-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .857
-(Once all recipient addresses are parsed and v)127 112.2 R .857
-(eri\214ed, the message is collected.)-.15 F .856(The message)5.857 F
-(comes in tw)102 124.2 Q 2.5(op)-.1 G
-(arts: a message header and a message body)162.73 124.2 Q 2.5(,s)-.65 G
-(eparated by a blank line.)343.42 124.2 Q
-(The header is formatted as a series of lines of the form)127 140.4 Q
-(\214eld-name: \214eld-v)178 156.6 Q(alue)-.25 E(Field-v)102 172.8 Q 1.366
-(alue can be split across lines by starting the follo)-.25 F 1.366
-(wing lines with a space or a tab)-.25 F 6.366(.S)-.4 G(ome)486.78 172.8 Q .211
-(header \214elds ha)102 184.8 R .511 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .211
-(pecial internal meaning, and ha).15 F .511 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .211
-(ppropriate special processing.).15 F .21(Other headers)5.21 F
-(are simply passed through.)102 196.8 Q
-(Some header \214elds may be added automatically)5 E 2.5(,s)-.65 G
-(uch as time stamps.)413.53 196.8 Q .86(The body is a series of te)127 213 R
-.861(xt lines.)-.15 F .861(It is completely uninterpreted and untouched, e)
-5.861 F .861(xcept that)-.15 F 1.43(lines be)102 225 R 1.43
-(ginning with a dot ha)-.15 F 1.729 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.429
-(he dot doubled when transmitted o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.929(ra).15 G 3.929
-(nS)407.213 225 S 1.429(MTP channel.)421.702 225 R(This)6.429 E -.15(ex)102 237
-S(tra dot is stripped by the recei).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G F0 2.5
-(3.5. Message)87 261 R(Deli)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1 E F1 .028
-(The send queue is ordered by recei)127 277.2 R .029
-(ving host before transmission to implement message batch-)-.25 F 3.07
-(ing. Each)102 289.2 R .57(address is mark)3.07 F .57
-(ed as it is sent so rescanning the list is safe.)-.1 F .57(An ar)5.57 F .57
-(gument list is b)-.18 F .57(uilt as)-.2 F 1.138(the scan proceeds.)102 301.2 R
-1.139(Mail to \214les is detected during the scan of the send list.)6.139 F
-1.139(The interf)6.139 F 1.139(ace to the)-.1 F
-(mailer is performed using one of the techniques described in section 2.2.)102
-313.2 Q .996(After a connection is established,)127 329.4 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.496 E F1(mak)3.495 E .995(es the per)-.1 F .995
-(-mailer changes to the header and)-.2 F .236(sends the result to the mailer)
-102 341.4 R 5.236(.I)-.55 G 2.736(fa)228.406 341.4 S .537 -.15(ny m)238.912
-341.4 T .237(ail is rejected by the mailer).15 F 2.737(,a\215)-.4 G .237
-(ag is set to in)386.628 341.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .437 -.1(ke t).2 H .237
-(he return-).1 F(to-sender function after all deli)102 353.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ry completes.).15 E F0 2.5(3.6. Queued)87 377.4 R(Messages)2.5 E F1 .163
-(If the mailer returns a \231temporary f)127 393.6 R .163(ailure\232 e)-.1 F
-.162(xit status, the message is queued.)-.15 F 2.662(Ac)5.162 G .162
-(ontrol \214le is)455.336 393.6 R .85
-(used to describe the recipients to be sent to and v)102 405.6 R .851
-(arious other parameters.)-.25 F .851(This control \214le is for)5.851 F(-)-.2
-E 1.011(matted as a series of lines, each describing a sender)102 417.6 R 3.511
-(,ar)-.4 G 1.011(ecipient, the time of submission, or some)333.494 417.6 R .776
-(other salient parameter of the message.)102 429.6 R .776
-(The header of the message is stored in the control \214le, so)5.776 F(that th\
-e associated data \214le in the queue is just the temporary \214le that w)102
-441.6 Q(as originally collected.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.7. Con\214guration)87 465.6 R
-F1 .493(Con\214guration is controlled primarily by a con\214guration \214le re\
-ad at startup.)127 481.8 R F2(Sendmail)5.492 E F1(should)2.992 E
-(not need to be recomplied e)102 493.8 Q(xcept)-.15 E 12.5(\(1\) T)107 510 R
-2.5(oc)-.8 G(hange operating systems \(V6, V7/32V)150.91 510 Q 2.5(,4)-1.29 G
-(BSD\).)313.21 510 Q 12.5(\(2\) T)107 526.2 R 2.5(or)-.8 G(emo)149.8 526.2 Q .3
--.15(ve o)-.15 H 2.5(ri).15 G(nsert the DBM \(UNIX database\) library)192.27
-526.2 Q(.)-.65 E 12.5(\(3\) T)107 542.4 R 2.5(oc)-.8 G(hange ARP)150.91 542.4 Q
-(ANET reply codes.)-.92 E 12.5(\(4\) T)107 558.6 R 2.5(oa)-.8 G
-(dd headers \214elds requiring special processing.)150.91 558.6 Q .434
-(Adding mailers or changing parsing \(i.e., re)102 574.8 R .435
-(writing\) or routing information does not require recom-)-.25 F(pilation.)102
-586.8 Q 1.317(If the mail is being sent by a local user)127 603 R 3.817(,a)-.4
-G 1.317(nd the \214le \231.mailcf\232 e)303.914 603 R 1.317
-(xists in the sender')-.15 F 3.817(sh)-.55 G(ome)486.78 603 Q(directory)102 615
-Q 2.721(,t)-.65 G .221(hat \214le is read as a con\214guration \214le after th\
-e system con\214guration \214le.)145.451 615 R .222(The primary use)5.222 F
-(of this feature is to add header lines.)102 627 Q 3.25(The con\214guration \
-\214le encodes macro de\214nitions, header de\214nitions, mailer de\214nitions\
-,)127 643.2 R(re)102 655.2 Q(writing rules, and options.)-.25 E F0 2.5
-(3.7.1. Macr)102 679.2 R(os)-.18 E F1 .332(Macros can be used in three w)142
-695.4 R 2.833(ays. Certain)-.1 F .333(macros transmit unstructured te)2.833 F
-.333(xtual informa-)-.15 F .07(tion into the mail system, such as the name)117
-707.4 R F2(sendmail)2.57 E F1 .07
-(will use to identify itself in error messages.)2.57 F 1.247
-(Other macros transmit information from)117 719.4 R F2(sendmail)3.747 E F1
-1.247(to the con\214guration \214le for use in creating)3.747 F EP
-%%Page: 8 8
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 192.28(SMM:9-8 SENDMAIL)72 60 R 2.5<8a41>2.5 G 2.5(nI)
-383.99 60 S(nter)395.94 60 Q(netw)-.15 E(ork Mail Router)-.1 E/F1 10
-/Times-Roman@0 SF .312(other \214elds \(such as ar)117 96 R .312(gument v)-.18
-F .312(ectors to mailers\); e.g., the name of the sender)-.15 F 2.811(,a)-.4 G
-.311(nd the host and)442.237 96 R .848(user of the recipient.)117 108 R .848
-(Other macros are unused internally)5.848 F 3.348(,a)-.65 G .848
-(nd can be used as shorthand in the)361.142 108 R(con\214guration \214le.)117
-120 Q F0 2.5(3.7.2. Header)102 144 R(declarations)2.5 E F1 .355
-(Header declarations inform)142 160.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.854
-E F1 .354(of the format of kno)2.854 F .354(wn header lines.)-.25 F(Kno)5.354 E
-.354(wledge of)-.25 F 2.5(af)117 172.2 S .5 -.25(ew h)127.27 172.2 T
-(eader lines is b).25 E(uilt into)-.2 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C
-(uch as the \231From:\232 and \231Date:\232 lines.)284.59 172.2 Q 1.201(Most c\
-on\214gured headers will be automatically inserted in the outgoing message if \
-the)142 188.4 R(y)-.15 E(don')117 200.4 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G
-(xist in the incoming message.)144.72 200.4 Q
-(Certain headers are suppressed by some mailers.)5 E F0 2.5(3.7.3. Mailer)102
-224.4 R(declarations)2.5 E F1 1.756(Mailer declarations tell)142 240.6 R F2
-(sendmail)4.256 E F1 1.756(of the v)4.256 F 1.756(arious mailers a)-.25 F -.25
-(va)-.2 G 1.756(ilable to it.).25 F 1.755(The de\214nition)6.755 F .119
-(speci\214es the internal name of the mailer)117 252.6 R 2.619(,t)-.4 G .12
-(he pathname of the program to call, some \215ags associ-)285.183 252.6 R 2.036
-(ated with the mailer)117 264.6 R 4.536(,a)-.4 G 2.036(nd an ar)213.894 264.6 R
-2.036(gument v)-.18 F 2.036(ector to be used on the call; this v)-.15 F 2.035
-(ector is macro-)-.15 F -.15(ex)117 276.6 S(panded before use.).15 E F0 2.5
-(3.7.4. Addr)102 300.6 R(ess r)-.18 E(ewriting rules)-.18 E F1 .458
-(The heart of address parsing in)142 316.8 R F2(sendmail)2.959 E F1 .459
-(is a set of re)2.959 F .459(writing rules.)-.25 F .459(These are an ordered)
-5.459 F .561(list of pattern-replacement rules, \(some)117 328.8 R .561
-(what lik)-.25 F 3.061(eap)-.1 G .561(roduction system, e)328.867 328.8 R .56
-(xcept that order is criti-)-.15 F 1.905
-(cal\), which are applied to each address.)117 340.8 R 1.905(The address is re)
-6.905 F 1.906(written te)-.25 F 1.906(xtually until it is either)-.15 F(re)117
-352.8 Q .308(written into a special canonical form \(i.e., a \(mailer)-.25 F
-2.807(,h)-.4 G .307(ost, user\) 3-tuple, such as {arpanet, usc-)342.118 352.8 R
-.64(isif, postel} representing the address \231postel@usc-isif\232\), or it f)
-117 364.8 R .641(alls of)-.1 F 3.141(ft)-.25 G .641(he end.)406.466 364.8 R
-.641(When a pattern)5.641 F(matches, the rule is reapplied until it f)117 376.8
-Q(ails.)-.1 E 1.222
-(The con\214guration \214le also supports the editing of addresses into dif)142
-393 R 1.221(ferent formats.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)6.221 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 405 S
-(ample, an address of the form:).15 E(ucsfcgl!tef)157 421.2 Q
-(might be mapped into:)117 437.4 Q(tef@ucsfcgl.UUCP)157 453.6 Q
-(to conform to the domain syntax.)117 469.8 Q -.35(Tr)5 G
-(anslations can also be done in the other direction.).35 E F0 2.5
-(3.7.5. Option)102 493.8 R(setting)2.5 E F1 1.168(There are se)142 510 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 1.169(ral options that can be set from the con\214guration \214le.)
-.15 F 1.169(These include the)6.169 F(pathnames of v)117 522 Q
-(arious support \214les, timeouts, def)-.25 E(ault modes, etc.)-.1 E F0 2.5
-(4. COMP)72 546 R(ARISON WITH O)-.74 E(THER MAILERS)-.4 E 2.5(4.1. Deli)87 570
-R -.1(ve)-.1 G(rmail).1 E F2(Sendmail)127 586.2 Q F1(is an outgro)2.5 E(wth of)
--.25 E F2(delivermail)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he primary dif)301.18 586.2 Q
-(ferences are:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Con\214guration)107 602.4 R .273
-(information is not compiled in.)2.773 F .272(This change simpli\214es man)
-5.273 F 2.772(yo)-.15 G 2.772(ft)445.686 602.4 S .272(he problems)454.568 602.4
-R(of mo)133.66 614.4 Q(ving to other machines.)-.15 E(It also allo)5 E
-(ws easy deb)-.25 E(ugging of ne)-.2 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailers.)413.89 614.4 Q
-12.5(\(2\) Address)107 630.6 R .681(parsing is more \215e)3.181 F 3.182
-(xible. F)-.15 F .682(or e)-.15 F(xample,)-.15 E F2(delivermail)3.182 E F1 .682
-(only supported one g)3.182 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.182(yt).1 G(o)499
-630.6 Q(an)133.66 642.6 Q 2.817(yn)-.15 G(etw)155.767 642.6 Q .317
-(ork, whereas)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.817 E F1 .317(can be sensiti)2.817 F .616
--.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.816(oh).15 G .316(ost names and reroute to dif)345.224 642.6
-R .316(ferent g)-.25 F(ate-)-.05 E -.1(wa)133.66 654.6 S(ys.).1 E 12.5(\(3\) F)
-107 670.8 R(orw)-.15 E 1.627(arding and :include: features eliminate the requi\
-rement that the system alias \214le be)-.1 F .074(writable by an)133.66 682.8 R
-2.574(yu)-.15 G .073
-(ser \(or that an update program be written, or that the system administration)
-203.442 682.8 R(mak)133.66 694.8 Q 2.5(ea)-.1 G(ll changes\).)162.16 694.8 Q
-(\(4\))107 711 Q F2(Sendmail)133.66 711 Q F1 .4
-(supports message batching across netw)2.9 F .401
-(orks when a message is being sent to mul-)-.1 F(tiple recipients.)133.66 723 Q
-EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL \212 An Inter)72 60 Q(netw)-.15 E
-(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-9)462.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5(\(5\) A)
-107 96 R .875(mail queue is pro)3.375 F .874(vided in)-.15 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.)3.374 E F1 .874(Mail that cannot be deli)5.874 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .874(red immediately b).15 F .874(ut can)-.2 F 1.063
-(potentially be deli)133.66 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.064
-(red later is stored in this queue for a later retry).15 F 6.064(.T)-.65 G
-1.064(he queue also pro-)427.218 108 R .896(vides a b)133.66 120 R(uf)-.2 E
-.896(fer ag)-.25 F .895
-(ainst system crashes; after the message has been collected it may be reli-)
--.05 F(ably redeli)133.66 132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red e).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)224.22 132 S(he system crashes during the initial deli)232.83
-132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E(\(6\))107 148.2 Q F2(Sendmail)133.66
-148.2 Q F1 .197(uses the netw)2.696 F .197(orking support pro)-.1 F .197
-(vided by 4.2BSD to pro)-.15 F .197(vide a direct interf)-.15 F .197(ace net-)
--.1 F -.1(wo)133.66 160.2 S .07(rks such as the ARP).1 F .07
-(ANET and/or Ethernet using SMTP \(the Simple Mail T)-.92 F .07(ransfer Proto-)
--.35 F(col\) o)133.66 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(raT).15 G(CP/IP connection.)
-184.73 172.2 Q F0 2.5(4.2. MMDF)87 196.2 R F1 .957(MMDF [Crock)127 212.4 R .957
-(er79] spans a wider problem set than)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.458 E F1 5.958(.F)C
-.958(or e)395.058 212.4 R .958(xample, the domain of)-.15 F .721
-(MMDF includes a \231phone netw)102 224.4 R .721(ork\232 mailer)-.1 F 3.221(,w)
--.4 G(hereas)290.516 224.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.221 E F1 .721(calls on pree)3.221 F
-.72(xisting mailers in most)-.15 F(cases.)102 236.4 Q .175(MMDF and)127 252.6 R
-F2(sendmail)2.675 E F1 .175
-(both support aliasing, customized mailers, message batching, automatic)2.675 F
-(forw)102 264.6 Q .792(arding to g)-.1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G .792
-(ys, queueing, and retransmission.).1 F .792(MMDF supports tw)5.792 F .792
-(o-stage timeout, which)-.1 F F2(sendmail)102 276.6 Q F1(does not support.)2.5
-E(The con\214guration for MMDF is compiled into the code)127 294.8 Q/F3 7
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)348.65 290.8 Q F1(.)352.15 294.8 Q .037
-(Since MMDF does not consider backw)127 311 R .037
-(ards compatibility as a design goal, the address parsing)-.1 F(is simpler b)
-102 323 Q(ut much less \215e)-.2 E(xible.)-.15 E 1.159(It is some)127 341.2 R
-1.159(what harder to inte)-.25 F 1.159(grate a ne)-.15 F 3.659(wc)-.25 G
-(hannel)302.802 341.2 Q F3(5)329.462 337.2 Q F1 1.159(into MMDF)336.621 341.2 R
-6.16(.I)-.8 G 3.66(np)397.59 341.2 S(articular)411.25 341.2 Q 3.66(,M)-.4 G
-1.16(MDF must)459.22 341.2 R(kno)102 353.2 Q 3.225(wt)-.25 G .725(he location \
-and format of host tables for all channels, and the channel must speak a speci\
-al)129.975 353.2 R 2.525(protocol. This)102 365.2 R(allo)2.525 E .025
-(ws MMDF to do additional v)-.25 F .025(eri\214cation \(such as v)-.15 F .025
-(erifying host names\) at submis-)-.15 F(sion time.)102 377.2 Q 1.761
-(MMDF strictly separates the submission and deli)127 393.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.761(ry phases.).15 F(Although)6.761 E F2(sendmail)4.261 E F1 1.76(has the)
-4.261 F .784(concept of each of these stages, the)102 405.4 R 3.284(ya)-.15 G
-.784(re inte)260.068 405.4 R .785(grated into one program, whereas in MMDF the)
--.15 F 3.285(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 405.4 Q(split into tw)102 417.4 Q 2.5(op)-.1 G
-(rograms.)162.19 417.4 Q F0 2.5(4.3. Message)87 441.4 R(Pr)2.5 E
-(ocessing Module)-.18 E F1 .925
-(The Message Processing Module \(MPM\) discussed by Postel [Postel79b] matches)
-127 457.6 R F2(sendmail)3.425 E F1 1.364
-(closely in terms of its basic architecture.)102 469.6 R(Ho)6.364 E(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.164 -.4(r, l).15 H(ik).4 E 3.864(eM)-.1 G(MDF)347.526 469.6 Q
-3.864(,t)-.8 G 1.365(he MPM includes the netw)377.54 469.6 R(ork)-.1 E(interf)
-102 481.6 Q(ace softw)-.1 E(are as part of its domain.)-.1 E .408
-(MPM also postulates a duple)127 497.8 R 2.907(xc)-.15 G .407
-(hannel to the recei)256.937 497.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.207 -.4(r, a).15 H 2.907
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-2.802 E F1 .23(is sent, an)102 521.8 R 2.73(ye)-.15 G .23
-(rrors must be returned to the sender by the mailer itself.)154.2 521.8 R .229
-(Both MPM and MMDF mail-)5.229 F .883(ers can return an immediate error respon\
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-(response.)102 545.8 Q 2.24
-(MPM prefers passing the message as a structured object, with type-length-v)127
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-102 576 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .874(ntion requires a much higher de).15 F .875
-(gree of cooperation between mailers than is required)-.15 F(by)102 588 Q F2
-(sendmail)2.796 E F1 5.296(.M)C .296(PM also assumes a uni)167.592 588 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .296(rsally agreed upon internet name space \(with each address).15
-F(in the form of a net-host-user tuple\), which)102 600 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
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-642 DL 108 642 104 642 DL 112 642 108 642 DL 116 642 112 642 DL 120 642 116 642
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-140 642 136 642 DL 144 642 140 642 DL 148 642 144 642 DL 152 642 148 642 DL 156
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-168 642 DL 176 642 172 642 DL 180 642 176 642 DL 184 642 180 642 DL 188 642 184
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-SF(4)93.6 652.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .179
-(Dynamic con\214guration tables are currently being considered for MMDF; allo)
-3.2 J .18(wing the installer to select either compiled or dy-)-.2 F
-(namic tables.)72 665.2 Q F4(5)93.6 675.6 Q F5(The MMDF equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G
-(lent of a).2 E/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2 E F5(\231mailer)2 E -.56
-<2e9a>-.44 G F4(6)93.6 689.2 Q F5(This is similar to the NBS standard.)3.2 I EP
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-R(ALU)-1.35 E -.95(AT)-.6 G(IONS AND FUTURE PLANS).95 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(Sendmail)112 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.851(is designed to w)4.351 F
-1.851(ork in a nonhomogeneous en)-.1 F 4.352(vironment. Ev)-.4 F 1.852
-(ery attempt is made to)-.15 F -.2(avo)87 124.2 S 1.037
-(id imposing unnecessary constraints on the underlying mailers.).2 F 1.036
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-(tel79a] and [Postel79b].)87 148.2 Q 2.647(An)112 164.4 S .147(onuniform addre\
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-126.867 164.4 R(xplicitly)-.15 E .472
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-(restriction has the)2.973 F .493(unpleasant ef)87 188.4 R .493
-(fect of making replying to messages e)-.25 F .493(xceedingly dif)-.15 F .493
-(\214cult, since there is no one \231address\232)-.25 F(for an)87 200.4 Q 2.5
-(yp)-.15 G(erson, b)122.95 200.4 Q(ut only a w)-.2 E
-(ay to get there from where)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ry).15 G(ou are.)324.7
-200.4 Q(Interf)112 216.6 Q .448(acing to mail programs that were not initially\
- intended to be applied in an internet en)-.1 F(viron-)-.4 E(ment has been ama\
-zingly successful, and has reduced the job to a manageable task.)87 228.6 Q F1
-(Sendmail)112 244.8 Q F2 2.906(has kno)5.406 F 2.906(wledge of a fe)-.25 F
-5.406(wd)-.25 G(if)271.126 244.8 Q 2.906(\214cult en)-.25 F 2.906(vironments b)
--.4 F 2.906(uilt in.)-.2 F 2.905(It generates ARP)7.906 F(ANET)-.92 E .648(FTP\
-/SMTP compatible error messages \(prepended with three-digit numbers [Neigus73\
-, Postel74, Pos-)87 256.8 R .771(tel82]\) as necessary)87 268.8 R 3.271(,o)-.65
-G .771(ptionally generates UNIX-style \231From\232 lines on the front of messa\
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--.25 G 1.481(ry where possible \(e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.481
-(n, or perhaps especially).15 F(,)-.65 E .574(local deli)87 321 R -.15(ve)-.25
-G .574(ry\) has turned out to be a good idea.).15 F(Ev)5.574 E .574
-(en with local deli)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 3.074(,t)-.65 G .575
-(here are issues of the loca-)394.776 321 R .469(tion of the mailbox, the form\
-at of the mailbox, the locking protocol used, etc., that are best decided by)87
-333 R .038(other programs.)87 345 R .038(One surprisingly major anno)5.038 F
-.038(yance in man)-.1 F 2.538(yi)-.15 G .038
-(nternet mailers is that the location and for)333.684 345 R(-)-.2 E .138
-(mat of local mail is b)87 357 R .138(uilt in.)-.2 F .137
-(The feeling seems to be that local mail is so common that it should be ef)
-5.137 F<8c2d>-.25 E 3.045(cient. This)87 369 R .545
-(feeling is not born out by our e)3.045 F .545(xperience; on the contrary)-.15
-F 3.045(,t)-.65 G .545(he location and format of mail-)376.575 369 R(box)87 381
-Q(es seems to v)-.15 E(ary widely from system to system.)-.25 E .681
-(The ability to automatically generate a response to incoming mail \(by forw)
-112 397.2 R .68(arding mail to a pro-)-.1 F .435
-(gram\) seems useful \(\231I am on v)87 409.2 R .435
-(acation until late August....)-.25 F 2.935(\232\) b)-.7 F .435
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-rams send notes back and forth, for instance\) if these pro-)-.25 F .732
-(grams are not well written.)87 433.2 R 3.232(Ap)5.732 G .732
-(rogram could be written to do standard tasks correctly)218.592 433.2 R 3.233
-(,b)-.65 G .733(ut this w)450.404 433.2 R(ould)-.1 E(solv)87 445.2 Q 2.5(et)
--.15 G(he general case.)113.24 445.2 Q .225
-(It might be desirable to implement some form of load limiting.)112 461.4 R
-2.725(Ia)5.225 G 2.724(mu)380.8 461.4 S(na)396.304 461.4 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G .224
-(re of an).1 F 2.724(ym)-.15 G .224(ail system)463.496 461.4 R
-(that addresses this problem, nor am I a)87 473.4 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G(re of an).1 E
-2.5(yr)-.15 G(easonable solution at this time.)294.05 473.4 Q .113(The con\214\
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-501.6 Q(-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lf).15 G(ormat.)186.93 501.6 Q .778(It se\
-ems clear that common protocols will be changing soon to accommodate changing \
-require-)112 517.8 R 2.774(ments and en)87 529.8 R 5.274(vironments. These)-.4
-F 2.774(changes will include modi\214cations to the message header \(e.g.,)
-5.274 F .859([NBS80]\) or to the body of the message itself \(such as for mult\
-imedia messages [Postel80]\).)87 541.8 R(Experi-)5.859 E
-(ence indicates that these changes should be relati)87 553.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ly tri).15 E(vial to inte)-.25 E(grate into the e)-.15 E(xisting system.)-.15
-E .811(In tightly coupled en)112 570 R .812(vironments, it w)-.4 F .812
-(ould be nice to ha)-.1 F 1.112 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .812(ame serv).15 F .812
-(er such as Grapvine [Bir)-.15 F(-)-.2 E .095(rell82] inte)87 582 R .095
-(grated into the mail system.)-.15 F .095(This w)5.095 F .095(ould allo)-.1 F
-2.594(was)-.25 G .094(ite such as \231Berk)330.768 582 R(ele)-.1 E .094
-(y\232 to appear as a single)-.15 F 2.606
-(host, rather than as a collection of hosts, and w)87 594 R 2.606(ould allo)-.1
-F 5.106(wp)-.25 G 2.606(eople to mo)352.786 594 R 2.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.606
-(ransparently among).15 F 1.664(machines without ha)87 606 R 1.664
-(ving to change their addresses.)-.2 F 1.664(Such a f)6.664 F 1.664(acility w)
--.1 F 1.663(ould require an automatically)-.1 F .428
-(updated database and some method of resolving con\215icts.)87 618 R .428
-(Ideally this w)5.428 F .428(ould be ef)-.1 F(fecti)-.25 E .728 -.15(ve e)-.25
-H -.15(ve)-.1 G 2.928(nw).15 G(ithout)480.66 618 Q .184
-(all hosts being under a single management.)87 630 R(Ho)5.184 E(we)-.25 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .984 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.684(ti).4 G 2.683(sn)317.576 630 S .183
-(ot clear whether this feature should be inte-)329.149 630 R
-(grated into the aliasing f)87 642 Q(acility or should be considered a \231v)
--.1 E(alue added\232 feature outside)-.25 E F1(sendmail)2.5 E F2(itself.)2.5 E
-.79(As a more interesting case, the CSNET name serv)112 658.2 R .791
-(er [Solomon81] pro)-.15 F .791(vides an f)-.15 F .791(acility that goes)-.1 F
-(be)87 670.2 Q .375(yond a single tightly-coupled en)-.15 F 2.875
-(vironment. Such)-.4 F 2.875(af)2.875 G .375(acility w)308.675 670.2 R .374
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-682.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G EP
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-(ork Mail Router)-.1 E(SMM:9-11)457.9 60 Q -.55(AC)72 96 S(KNO).55 E
-(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.203(Thanks are due to K)97 112.2 R
-1.204
-(urt Shoens for his continual cheerful assistance and good advice, Bill Jo)-.15
-F 3.704(yf)-.1 G(or)495.67 112.2 Q .102
-(pointing me in the correct direction \(o)72 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.602(ra)
-.15 G .102(nd o)244.324 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .102
-(r\), and Mark Horton for more advice, prodding, and man).15 F(y)-.15 E .453
-(of the good ideas.)72 136.2 R -.15(Ku)5.453 G .453
-(rt and Eric Schmidt are to be credited for using).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(delivermail)2.953 E F1 .453(as a serv)2.953 F .453(er for their pro-)-.15 F
-1.663(grams \()72 148.2 R F2(Mail)A F1 1.663(and BerkNet respecti)4.163 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 1.663(ly\) before an).15 F 4.163(ys)-.15 G 1.663
-(ane person should ha)291.091 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.163(,a).15 G 1.662
-(nd making the necessary)400.423 148.2 R .078
-(modi\214cations promptly and happily)72 160.2 R 5.078(.E)-.65 G .078(ric g)
-228.332 160.2 R -2.25 -.2(av e)-.05 H .079
-(me considerable advice about the perils of netw)2.778 F .079(ork softw)-.1 F
-(are)-.1 E .179(which sa)72 172.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.679(dm).15 G 2.679(ea)
-131.998 172.2 S 2.679(nu)143.557 172.2 S(nkno)156.236 172.2 Q .178
-(wn amount of w)-.25 F .178(ork and grief.)-.1 F .178
-(Mark did the original implementation of the DBM)5.178 F -.15(ve)72 184.2 S
-.341(rsion of aliasing, installed the VFORK code, wrote the current v).15 F
-.341(ersion of)-.15 F F2(rmail)2.841 E F1 2.841(,a)C .341(nd w)411.083 184.2 R
-.342(as the person who)-.1 F .61(really con)72 196.2 R .61
-(vinced me to put the w)-.4 F .61(ork into)-.1 F F2(delivermail)3.109 E F1 .609
-(to turn it into)3.109 F F2(sendmail)3.109 E F1 5.609(.K)C .609(urt deserv)
-398.753 196.2 R .609(es accolades for)-.15 F(using)72 208.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.57
-E F1 .07(when I w)2.57 F .07(as myself afraid to tak)-.1 F 2.57(et)-.1 G .07
-(he risk; ho)271.01 208.2 R 2.57(wap)-.25 G .07
-(erson can continue to be so enthusiastic in)334.92 208.2 R(the f)72 220.2 Q
-(ace of so much bitter reality is be)-.1 E(yond me.)-.15 E -.15(Ku)97 236.4 S
-1.505(rt, Mark, Kirk McK).15 F 1.505(usick, Marvin Solomon, and man)-.15 F
-4.005(yo)-.15 G 1.504(thers ha)345.79 236.4 R 1.804 -.15(ve r)-.2 H -.25(ev).15
-G(ie).25 E 1.504(wed this paper)-.25 F 4.004(,g)-.4 G -.25(iv)483.69 236.4 S
-(ing).25 E(considerable useful advice.)72 248.4 Q .846
-(Special thanks are reserv)97 264.6 R .846(ed for Mik)-.15 F 3.346(eS)-.1 G
-(tonebrak)256.786 264.6 Q .846(er at Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E 3.347(ya)-.15 G .847
-(nd Bob Epstein at Britton-Lee, who)356.995 264.6 R .542(both kno)72 276.6 R
-.542(wingly allo)-.25 F .542(wed me to put so much w)-.25 F .541
-(ork into this project when there were so man)-.1 F 3.041(yo)-.15 G .541
-(ther things I)454.588 276.6 R(really should ha)72 288.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-(een w).15 E(orking on.)-.1 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(REFERENCES)256.605 132 Q 62.73([Birrell82] Birrell,)72
-148.2 R 1.084(A. D., Le)3.584 F 1.084(vin, R., Needham, R. M., and Schroeder)
--.25 F 3.584(,M)-.4 G 3.585(.D)433.49 148.2 S 1.085(., \231Grape)446.795 148.2
-R(vine:)-.25 E(An Ex)180 160.2 Q(ercise in Distrib)-.15 E(uted Computing.)-.2 E
-5<9a49>-.7 G(n)348.66 160.2 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Comm. A.C.M. 25,)2.5 E F0
-(4, April 82.)2.5 E 59.4([Borden79] Borden,)72 176.4 R .796
-(S., Gaines, R. S., and Shapiro, N. Z.,)3.296 F F1 .795(The MH Messa)3.295 F
-.995 -.1(ge H)-.1 H .795(andling Sys-).1 F(tem: User)180 188.4 Q(s' Manual.)-.1
-E F0(R-2367-P)5 E(AF)-.92 E 5(.R)-.8 G(and Corporation.)332.06 188.4 Q
-(October 1979.)5 E([Crock)72 204.6 Q 52.29(er77a] Crock)-.1 F(er)-.1 E 2.508
-(,D)-.4 G 2.508(.H)223.938 204.6 S .008(., V)236.166 204.6 R .009
-(ittal, J. J., Pogran, K. T)-.6 F .009(., and Henderson, D. A. Jr)-.74 F(.,)
--.55 E F1(Standar)2.509 E 2.509(df)-.37 G(or)495.11 204.6 Q .955(the F)180
-216.6 R .955(ormat of ARP)-1.05 F 3.454(AN)-.9 G .954(etwork T)272.978 216.6 R
--.2(ex)-.92 G 3.454(tM).2 G(essa)331.536 216.6 Q -.1(ge)-.1 G(s.).1 E F0 .954
-(RFC 733, NIC 41952.)5.954 F .954(In [Fein-)5.954 F 2.5(ler78]. No)180 228.6 R
--.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 1977.).15 E([Crock)72 244.8 Q 51.73(er77b] Crock)-.1 F(er)
--.1 E 3.04(,D)-.4 G 3.04(.H)224.47 244.8 S(.,)237.23 244.8 Q F1 -1.55 -.55
-(Fr a)3.04 H(me).55 E .54(work and Functions of the MS P)-.15 F(er)-.8 E .54
-(sonal Messa)-.1 F .74 -.1(ge S)-.1 H(ystem.).1 E F0(R-2134-ARP)180 256.8 Q
-(A, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, California.)-.92 E(1977.)5 E([Crock)72 273
-Q 56.73(er79] Crock)-.1 F(er)-.1 E 2.557(,D)-.4 G 2.557(.H)223.987 273 S .056
-(., Szurk)236.264 273 R -.25(ow)-.1 G .056(ski, E. S., and F).25 F(arber)-.15 E
-2.556(,D)-.4 G 2.556(.J)374.85 273 S(.,)383.796 273 Q F1 .056
-(An Internetwork Memo Dis-)2.556 F(trib)180 285 Q 1.341(ution F)-.2 F 1.341
-(acility \212 MMDF)-.75 F(.)-1.35 E F0 1.341
-(6th Data Communication Symposium, Asilomar)6.341 F(.)-.55 E(No)180 297 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(mber 1979.).15 E([Crock)72 313.2 Q 56.73(er82] Crock)-.1 F(er)-.1 E
-3.383(,D)-.4 G 3.383(.H)224.813 313.2 S(.,)237.916 313.2 Q F1(Standar)3.383 E
-3.383(df)-.37 G .883(or the F)288.762 313.2 R .882(ormat of Arpa Internet T)
--1.05 F -.2(ex)-.92 G 3.382(tM).2 G(essa)446.368 313.2 Q -.1(ge)-.1 G(s.).1 E
-F0(RFC)5.882 E 4.197(822. Netw)180 325.2 R 1.697(ork Information Center)-.1 F
-4.197(,S)-.4 G 1.698(RI International, Menlo P)333.768 325.2 R 1.698
-(ark, California.)-.15 F(August 1982.)180 337.2 Q 53.3([Metcalfe76] Metcalfe,)
-72 353.4 R .727(R., and Boggs, D., \231Ethernet: Distrib)3.227 F .727(uted P)
--.2 F(ack)-.15 E .727(et Switching for Local)-.1 F(Computer Netw)180 365.4 Q
-(orks\232,)-.1 E F1(Communications of the A)2.5 E(CM 19,)-.3 E F0 2.5(7. July)
-2.5 F(1976.)2.5 E 60.51([Feinler78] Feinler)72 381.6 R 4.438(,E)-.4 G 1.938
-(., and Postel, J.)220.978 381.6 R(\(eds.\),)6.938 E F1(ARP)4.438 E 1.938
-(ANET Pr)-.9 F 1.938(otocol Handbook.)-.45 F F0 1.938(NIC 7104,)6.938 F(Netw)
-180 393.6 Q(ork Information Center)-.1 E 2.5(,S)-.4 G
-(RI International, Menlo P)304.48 393.6 Q(ark, California.)-.15 E(1978.)5 E
-69.39([NBS80] National)72 409.8 R 1.46(Bureau of Standards,)3.96 F F1 1.46
-(Speci\214cation of a Dr)3.96 F 1.46(aft Messa)-.15 F 1.66 -.1(ge F)-.1 H 1.46
-(ormat Stan-)-.95 F(dar)180 421.8 Q(d.)-.37 E F0(Report No. ICST/CBOS 80-2.)5 E
-(October 1980.)5 E 60.51([Neigus73] Neigus,)72 438 R(N.,)5.186 E F1 -.45(Fi)
-5.186 G 2.686(le T).45 F -.15(ra)-.55 G 2.686(nsfer Pr).15 F 2.686
-(otocol for the ARP)-.45 F 5.187(AN)-.9 G(etwork.)402.599 438 Q F0 2.687
-(RFC 542, NIC)7.687 F 2.5(17759. In)180 450 R 2.5([Feinler78]. August,)2.5 F
-(1973.)2.5 E([No)72 466.2 Q 55.21(witz78a] No)-.25 F 1.633
-(witz, D. A., and Lesk, M. E.,)-.25 F F1 4.132(AD)4.132 G 1.632
-(ial-Up Network of UNIX Systems.)338.9 466.2 R F0(Bell)6.632 E 5.403
-(Laboratories. In)180 478.2 R 2.904(UNIX Programmer')5.403 F 5.404(sM)-.55 G
-2.904(anual, Se)356.024 478.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(nth Edition, V).15 F 2.904
-(olume 2.)-1.29 F(August, 1978.)180 490.2 Q([No)72 506.4 Q 54.65(witz78b] No)
--.25 F .633(witz, D. A.,)-.25 F F1 .632(Uucp Implementation Description.)3.132
-F F0 .632(Bell Laboratories.)5.632 F .632(In UNIX)5.632 F(Programmer')180 518.4
-Q 2.5(sM)-.55 G(anual, Se)248.05 518.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nth Edition, V).15 E
-(olume 2.)-1.29 E(October)5 E 2.5(,1)-.4 G(978.)431.22 518.4 Q 64.39
-([Postel74] Postel,)72 534.6 R .24(J., and Neigus, N., Re)2.74 F .241
-(vised FTP Reply Codes.)-.25 F .241(RFC 640, NIC 30843.)5.241 F(In)5.241 E 2.5
-([Feinler78]. June,)180 546.6 R(1974.)2.5 E 64.39([Postel77] Postel,)72 562.8 R
-(J.,)2.5 E F1(Mail Pr)2.5 E(otocol.)-.45 E F0(NIC 29588.)5 E(In [Feinler78].)5
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-(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)321.652 292.8 S .435
-(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)332.916 292.8 R .179
-(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 R 2.679(e\232. On)-.1 F .179
-(other systems, you may ha)2.679 F .479 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.679(om).15 G(ak)
-350.719 304.8 Q 2.679(es)-.1 G .178(ome other adjustments.)371.068 304.8 R .178
-(On most)5.178 F(systems, you can do the appropriate compilation by typing)102
-316.8 Q(sh mak)142 333 Q(esendmail)-.1 E .364(This will lea)102 349.2 R .664
--.15(ve t)-.2 H .364(he binary in an appropriately named subdirectory).15 F
-5.364(.I)-.65 G 2.864(tw)377.37 349.2 S .364(orks for multiple object v)390.134
-349.2 R(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions compiled out of the same directory)102 361.2 Q
-(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 385.2 R(weaking the Mak)-.74 E(e\214le)-.1 E F2
-(Sendmail)142 401.4 Q F1 2.181(supports tw)4.681 F 4.681(od)-.1 G(if)247.053
-401.4 Q 2.181(ferent formats for the local \(on disk\) v)-.25 F 2.18
-(ersion of databases,)-.15 F(notably the)117 413.4 Q F2(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5
-(database. At)2.5 F(least one of these should be de\214ned if at all possible.)
-2.5 E 39.5(NDBM The)117 429.6 R -.74(``)3.166 G(ne).74 E 3.166(wD)-.25 G(BM')
-240.432 429.6 Q 3.166('f)-.74 G .666(ormat, a)268.408 429.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G
-.666(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.667(.T)-.65 G(his)492.33
-429.6 Q -.1(wa)189 441.6 S 3.541(st).1 G 1.041
-(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.771 441.6 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F
-1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.54(xt)-.15 G 1.04(hings as)470.46 441.6 R
-(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 453.6 Q 32.84
-(NEWDB The)117 469.8 R(ne)3.323 E 3.323(wd)-.25 G .824
-(atabase package from Berk)232.606 469.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H
-3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)382.716 469.8 R 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824
-(his, use it.).15 F .824(It allo)5.824 F(ws)-.25 E .839
-(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.)
-189 481.8 R -1.1(Yo)189 493.8 S 3.581(uc)1.1 G 1.081
-(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)213.141 493.8 R 1.082
-(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .693(databases are read, b)189 505.8 R .693
-(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693
-(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)341.681 505.8 R 2.851(format. As)189
-517.8 R 2.851(an)2.851 G .351(asty hack, if you ha)249.763 517.8 R .652 -.15
-(ve N)-.2 H .352(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F .952
-(if the alias \214le name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 529.8 R F2
-(sendmail)3.451 E F1 .951(will create both)3.451 F(ne)189 541.8 Q 3.975(wa)-.25
-G 1.475(nd old v)213.825 541.8 R 1.475(ersions of the alias \214le during a)
--.15 F F2(ne)3.976 E(walias)-.15 E F1 3.976(command. This)3.976 F(is)3.976 E
-.711(required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 553.8 R .71
-(ersion of the alias)-.15 F 2.5(\214le. It')189 565.8 R 2.5(su)-.55 G
-(gly as sin, b)229.56 565.8 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112
-(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 582 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 1.112
-(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.112(ry in).15
-F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.043(This can be slo)117 594 R 3.543(wa)-.25 G
-1.043(nd should be a)195.352 594 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.543(ided. There).2 F 1.043
-(are also se)3.543 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.042(ral methods for remote database).15 F
-(access:)117 606 Q 53.39(NIS Sun')117 622.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)220.95 622.2 Q
-(ork Information Services \(formerly YP\).)-.1 E 28.94(NISPLUS Sun')117 638.4 R
-2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)220.95 638.4 Q 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 654.6 R 2.5
-(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)230.38 654.6 Q 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 670.8 R
-(service \(from Athena\).)2.5 E .042(Other compilation \215ags are set in conf\
-.h and should be prede\214ned for you unless you are porting)117 687 R(to a ne)
-117 699 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)157.57 699 S(ironment.).4 E EP
-%%Page: 8 3
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 96 R
-(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .309
-(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 2.808(,Y).15 G .308(ou should be able to com-)398.86 112.2 R
-(pile and install the system.)117 124.2 Q(The script \231mak)5 E
-(esendmail\232 is the best approach on most systems:)-.1 E(sh mak)157 140.4 Q
-(esendmail)-.1 E(This will use)117 156.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E
-F1(\(1\) to select the correct Mak)A(e\214le for your en)-.1 E(vironment.)-.4 E
--1.1(Yo)142 172.8 S 2.5(um)1.1 G(ay be able to install using)168.4 172.8 Q
-(sh mak)157 189 Q(esendmail install)-.1 E 3.346
-(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
-117 205.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577
-(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 217.2 R 1.577
-(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)117 229.2
-Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 253.2 R(Files)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 269.4 Q F1
-2.079(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)4.579 F 2.079
-(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.889(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho).15 F 3.389(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa)
-309.783 281.4 S .889(ccess them, ho)322.612 281.4 R 3.388(wt)-.25 G 3.388(of)
-396.128 281.4 S(orw)407.846 281.4 Q .888(ard email to remote)-.1 F .088
-(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 293.4 R .088
-(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)-.2 E
-(tion of this document.)102 305.4 Q(The)127 321.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264
-(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264
-(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .108
-(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 333.6 R .108(The distrib)5.108 F .109
-(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F
-(of the comple)102 345.6 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
-(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 361.8 R .47
-(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F
-1.448(simpler; in particular)102 373.8 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.604 373.8 S
-1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F
-1.449(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 385.8 Q
-(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \
-\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\
-ng; that)127 402 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)
-102 414 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.435 414 R
-.361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102 426 Q
-(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .658
-(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 442.2 R F2(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
-(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F2(cf)
-3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 454.2 R F2(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
-(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
-(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F
-(directories:)102 466.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 482.4 R .56
-(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
-(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 494.4 R -.25
-(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
-.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \
-as a general description of an SMTP-)174 506.4 R .536(connected host or \231uu\
-cpproto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 518.4 R 3.291
-(host\). Files)174 530.4 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791
-(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74
-F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 542.4 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
-(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
-(described belo)174 554.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 570.6
-R .428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F
-.428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 582.6 R .292
-(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122
-582.6 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .443
-(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 594.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
-(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .442(ant their indi)-.1 F .442(vidual host-)-.25 F
-.962(name to be e)174 606.6 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
-(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .963(xcept that the)
--.15 F 2.628(hostname is hidden \(e)174 618.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628
-(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.038 618.6 S 2.627
-(omes from CS.Berk)374.386 618.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
-(These are referenced using the)174 630.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E
-F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74
-(feature De\214nitions)102 646.8 R .728
-(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.228 F
-(ant.)-.1 E 2.467(These are referenced using the)174 658.8 R F3(FEA)4.966 E
-(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.966 G 2.466
-(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 670.8 R F2
-(sendmail)3.816 E F1 1.317(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)
-3.816 F(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 682.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 699 R
-1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.387 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E
-F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2
-F(The)6.886 E(point of ha)174 711 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G
-2.5(tc)325.91 711 S(lear that the)335.63 711 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 711 Q
-EP
-%%Page: 9 4
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 96 R
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 .038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B
-.338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F
-(ration \214les.)174 108 Q
-(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95
-(mailer De\214nitions)102 124.2 R .152(of mailers, referenced using the)2.653 F
-/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAILER)2.652 E F0(m4)2.652 E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F
-.152(mailer types)2.652 F 1.786(that are kno)174 136.2 R 1.787
-(wn in this distrib)-.25 F 1.787(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787
-(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.787 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174
-148.2 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(\
-uucp\)\232.).15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 164.4 R 1.157(describing v)
-3.657 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.156
-(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 176.4 Q
-(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E
-60.61(sh Shell)102 192.6 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5
-G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 192.6 Q 2.5(th)-.18
-G -2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 192.6 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61
-(sitecon\214g Local)102 208.8 R .49
-(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F(vity)-.25 E
-5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 208.8 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89 208.8 Q
-(contain lists of site information, for e)174 220.8 Q(xample:)-.15 E
-(SITE\(contessa\))214 237 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 249 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 261 Q
-(SITE\(well\))214 273 Q(The)174 289.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
-(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 289.2 Q
-(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 305.4 Q(where)174
-321.6 Q F2(X)2.704 E F1 .204(is the macro/class name to use.)2.704 F .203
-(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174
-333.6 Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 333.6 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 333.6 S
-(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 333.6 Q .756(If you are in a ne)127
-349.8 R 3.256(wd)-.25 G .756(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.036 349.8 R .757
-(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .757(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .871
-(\214le for your domain.)102 361.8 R .871
-(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .87
-(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.37(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 361.8 Q .16
-(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 373.8 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET)
-257.61 373.8 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 373.8 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66
-(ft)344.57 373.8 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 373.8 R .46
-(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 385.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46
-(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak)
-5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 385.8 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 397.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15
-G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 397.8 Q 1.406(Subdomains at Berk)127
-414 R(ele)-.1 E 3.906(ya)-.15 G 1.407
-(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.678 414 R 6.407(.F)-.65 G
-1.407(or e)439.406 414 R 1.407(xample, the)-.15 F 1.491(domain cs-e)102 426 R
-1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)-.15
-F 1.49(wn to other)-.25 F 1.41(users; cs-hidden mak)102 438 R 1.411
-(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.411
-(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.084(host information included\).)102 450
-R -1.1(Yo)6.084 G 3.584(uw)1.1 G 1.084(ill probably ha)246.336 450 R 1.384 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.083(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)
-335.872 450 R(your domain.)102 462 Q -1.1(Yo)127 478.2 S 4.372(uw)1.1 G 1.872
-(ill ha)154.712 478.2 R 2.172 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.372(ou).15 G 1.872
-(se or create)207.478 478.2 R F0(.mc)4.372 E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2
-(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.873(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.373 F 1.873(This is)
-6.873 F(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 490.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87
-514.2 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1
-(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 530.4 Q F2
-(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102
-554.4 R F1 .079(The binary for)142 572.6 R F2(sendmail)2.579 E F1 .079
-(is located in /usr/sbin)2.579 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)326.703 568.6 Q F1
-5.079(.I)330.203 572.6 S 2.579(ts)341.112 572.6 S .08(hould be setuid root.)
-350.361 572.6 R -.15(Fo)5.08 G 2.58(rs).15 G .08(ecurity rea-)458.11 572.6 R
-(sons, /, /usr)117 586.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 586.6 Q
-(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(2)364.4 582.6 Q F1(.)367.9 586.6 Q F0 2.5
-(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 610.6 R F1 .699
-(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 628.8 R F2(sendmail)3.199 E F4(3)
-311.744 624.8 Q F1 5.698(.T)315.244 628.8 S .698
-(his and /etc/sendmail.pid are the only non-)329.552 628.8 R .32 LW 76 638.4 72
-638.4 DL 80 638.4 76 638.4 DL 84 638.4 80 638.4 DL 88 638.4 84 638.4 DL 92
-638.4 88 638.4 DL 96 638.4 92 638.4 DL 100 638.4 96 638.4 DL 104 638.4 100
-638.4 DL 108 638.4 104 638.4 DL 112 638.4 108 638.4 DL 116 638.4 112 638.4 DL
-120 638.4 116 638.4 DL 124 638.4 120 638.4 DL 128 638.4 124 638.4 DL 132 638.4
-128 638.4 DL 136 638.4 132 638.4 DL 140 638.4 136 638.4 DL 144 638.4 140 638.4
-DL 148 638.4 144 638.4 DL 152 638.4 148 638.4 DL 156 638.4 152 638.4 DL 160
-638.4 156 638.4 DL 164 638.4 160 638.4 DL 168 638.4 164 638.4 DL 172 638.4 168
-638.4 DL 176 638.4 172 638.4 DL 180 638.4 176 638.4 DL 184 638.4 180 638.4 DL
-188 638.4 184 638.4 DL 192 638.4 188 638.4 DL 196 638.4 192 638.4 DL 200 638.4
-196 638.4 DL 204 638.4 200 638.4 DL 208 638.4 204 638.4 DL 212 638.4 208 638.4
-DL 216 638.4 212 638.4 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 648.8 Q/F6 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF .385(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .385
-(wer systems; man)-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)
-302.966 652 R 4.384(.I)-.32 G .384(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.744
-652 R(System V Release 4.)72 661.6 Q F5(2)93.6 672 Q F6 .15(Some v)3.2 J .15
-(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15
-(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2
-F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .149(ther important di-)
-447.262 675.2 R(rectories that should ha)72 684.8 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
-(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\
-in, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)-.08 E(.)-.32 E F5(3)93.6 695.2 Q F6
-(Actually)3.2 I 2.276(,t)-.52 G .276(he pathname v)129.632 698.4 R .276
-(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory)-.2 F
-4.276(.S)-.52 G .277(ome older systems install it)415.332 698.4 R(in)72 708 Q
-/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2 E F6 2(,a)C(nd I')153.344 708 Q
-.24 -.12(ve a)-.4 H(lso seen it in).12 E F8(/usr/ucblib)2 E F6(and)2 E F8
-(/etc/mail)2 E F6 4(.I)C 2(fy)313.928 708 S(ou w)322.592 708 Q(ant to mo)-.08 E
-.24 -.12(ve t)-.12 H(his \214le, change).12 E F7(sr)2 E(c/conf)-.296 E(.h)-.12
-E F6(.)A EP
-%%Page: 10 5
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(library \214le names compiled into)117 98 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
-2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)283.38 94 Q F1(.)286.88 98 Q .721
-(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 114.2 R
-.721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G(f)500.67
-114.2 Q .64(you ha)117 126.2 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64
-(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
-.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E
-(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117
-138.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 162.2 R F1(The)142 178.4 Q F2(ne)
-2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5
-E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 194.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
-(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 206.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
-(This can be installed in whate)117 222.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
-(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 222.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102
-246.8 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 263 R F2
-(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217(should be created to hold the mail queue.)
-2.718 F .217(This directory)5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 275 Q
-(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142
-291.2 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 315.2 R F1 1.492
-(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 331.4 R 3.992(As)
-6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.006 331.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.993(ni).15 G 3.993
-<6e99>417.694 331.4 S 1.493(lib/aliases\232 which)431.127 331.4 R
-(includes some aliases which)117 343.4 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E
-(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 359.6 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 371.6 Q F1
--1.1(Yo)117 387.8 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 387.8 Q
-(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
-(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 387.8 Q(Normally)142 404 Q F2
-(sendmail)3.61 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.61 F 1.109
-(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.109
-(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.609 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 416 R
-.96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232\
- or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022
-(depending on which database package you are using.)117 428 R 1.022
-(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 440 Q(ut the)
--.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 440 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ei)
-227.69 440 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 440 Q 5(.T)-.65 G
-(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 440 Q(cp /de)157 456.2 Q
-(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 468.2 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25
-E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 480.2 Q(ne)157 492.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
-(The)117 508.4 Q F2(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F
-2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 508.4 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 508.4
-R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 520.4 Q F0
-(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(1.3.6. /etc/r)102 544.4 R(c)-.18 E F1 .156
-(It will be necessary to start up the)142 560.6 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 .155
-(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537
-(mon performs tw)117 572.6 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
-(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 572.6 R 1.537
-(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\
-m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\
-l gets deli)117 584.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 596.6
-Q .505(Add the follo)142 612.8 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/\
-etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F
-(is starting up the daemons:)117 624.8 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2
-76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96
-669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104
-669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL
-124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2
-132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2
-DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164
-669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172
-669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL
-192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2
-200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2
-DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .588
-(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589
-(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)294.805 682.8 R/F6 8
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.589 E F5 .589(calls probably reference)2.589 F F6
-(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5
-(.)A EP
-%%Page: 11 6
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 96 Q
-(\(cd /v)193 108 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
-(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 120 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193
-132 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 144 Q .174
-(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117
-160.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F
-.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004
-(may be left around if the system goes do)117 172.2 R .005
-(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F
-2.294(actually in)117 184.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.794 E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G
-2.293(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94
-184.2 R(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 212.4 R
-2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 212.4 R .379
-(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.121
-(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 224.4 R -.15(Fo)6.121 G 3.621(re).15 G
-1.12(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)262.868 224.4 R 1.12(xample of a comple)-.15
-F 3.62(xs)-.15 G(tartup)480.67 224.4 Q(script.)117 236.4 Q .755
-(If you are not running a v)142 252.6 R .755(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)
--.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.256(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)416.722 252.6 Q 3.256(,d)-1.11 G 3.256
-(on)450.268 252.6 S .756(ot include)463.524 252.6 R(the)117 264.6 Q F0(\255bd)
-2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 288.6 R F1 2.078
-(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 304.8 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578
-(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
-(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 316.8 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 333 Q
-(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 349.2 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1
-(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 373.2 R F1 3.04
-(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 389.4 R 3.04
-(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 401.4
-Q(cp /de)157 417.6 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)
-157 429.6 Q .716(This \214le does not gro)117 445.8 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H
-3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.506 445.8 S .716
-(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.612 445.8 R 5.715<9a54>
--.7 G .715(he actual path)447.03 445.8 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117
-457.8 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/mailq)102 481.8 R F1(If)142 498 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1
-.939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156
-498 S(mailq,)252.925 498 Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 498 S .939
-(ill simulate the)301.603 498 R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F
-F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(will print)3.44 F
-(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 510 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
-(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 534 R(OPERA)
-2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 558 R(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511
-(The system log is supported by the)127 574.2 R F2(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1
-1.511(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)4.011
-E F1(are)4.011 E(logged under the)102 588.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)
-2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)248.43 584.2 Q F1(.)
-251.93 588.2 Q F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 612.2 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in t\
-he system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)142
-628.4 R(-)-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 640.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.849(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848
-(he local area netw)316.942 640.4 R .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848
-(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 654.4 Q F4(6)174.76 650.4 Q F1
-5(.M)178.26 654.4 S(ost messages are a sequence of)194.65 654.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E
-F1(=)A F2(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2
-DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92
-665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL
-112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2
-120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2
-DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152
-665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160
-665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL
-180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2
-188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2
-DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I(acilities in the syslog.)-.08
-E F5(6)93.6 689.2 Q F6(This format may v)3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E
-(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E EP
-%%Page: 12 7
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 108 DL
-84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 DL 104 108 99
-108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 108 DL 124 108 119 108
-DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL
-149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169
-108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL 179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108
-184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204
-108 DL 214 108 209 108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108
-DL 234 108 229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL
-254 108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL 274
-108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 DL 294 108
-289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 108 DL 314 108 309
-108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 324 108 DL 334 108 329 108
-DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL
-359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL 369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379
-108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108
-394 108 DL 404 108 399 108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414
-108 DL 424 108 419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108
-DL 444 108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL
-464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 DL 484
-108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 108 DL 504 108
-499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)72 132 S(emo)82.83 132 Q .3 -.15(ve z)
--.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)72 144 Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72
-156 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 168 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 180 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)
-144 192 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 204 Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 216 Q
-(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $qf)180 228 Q(\214le)-.25 E
-<8c>144 240 Q<8c>108 252 Q(done)72 264 Q 2.5(#r)72 276 S
-(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)82.83 276 Q(xist)-.15 E(for tf)
-72 288 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 300 Q(qf)108 312 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E
-(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf)108 324 Q
-(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 336 Q
-(echo \255n " <reco)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de)
--.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 360 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)
-108 372 Q(echo \255n " <e)144 384 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
-(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)144 396 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>108 408 Q(done)72 420
-Q 2.5(#r)72 432 S(emo)82.83 432 Q .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G
-(les with no corresponding qf \214les)128.08 432 Q(for df)72 444 Q
-(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 456 Q(qf)108 468 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E
-(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 480 Q
-(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 492 Q
-(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 504 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
-(mv $df)144 516 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E
-<8c>108 528 Q(done)72 540 Q 2.5(#a)72 552 S(nnounce \214les that ha)83.94 552 Q
-.3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)
-229.32 552 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 564 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E
-(do)72 576 Q(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)108 588 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
-(v/console)-.25 E(done)72 600 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 624 Q 2.5(xs)-.15
-G(tartup script)313.48 624 Q 77 636 72 636 DL 79 636 74 636 DL 84 636 79 636 DL
-89 636 84 636 DL 94 636 89 636 DL 99 636 94 636 DL 104 636 99 636 DL 109 636
-104 636 DL 114 636 109 636 DL 119 636 114 636 DL 124 636 119 636 DL 129 636 124
-636 DL 134 636 129 636 DL 139 636 134 636 DL 144 636 139 636 DL 149 636 144 636
-DL 154 636 149 636 DL 159 636 154 636 DL 164 636 159 636 DL 169 636 164 636 DL
-174 636 169 636 DL 179 636 174 636 DL 184 636 179 636 DL 189 636 184 636 DL 194
-636 189 636 DL 199 636 194 636 DL 204 636 199 636 DL 209 636 204 636 DL 214 636
-209 636 DL 219 636 214 636 DL 224 636 219 636 DL 229 636 224 636 DL 234 636 229
-636 DL 239 636 234 636 DL 244 636 239 636 DL 249 636 244 636 DL 254 636 249 636
-DL 259 636 254 636 DL 264 636 259 636 DL 269 636 264 636 DL 274 636 269 636 DL
-279 636 274 636 DL 284 636 279 636 DL 289 636 284 636 DL 294 636 289 636 DL 299
-636 294 636 DL 304 636 299 636 DL 309 636 304 636 DL 314 636 309 636 DL 319 636
-314 636 DL 324 636 319 636 DL 329 636 324 636 DL 334 636 329 636 DL 339 636 334
-636 DL 344 636 339 636 DL 349 636 344 636 DL 354 636 349 636 DL 359 636 354 636
-DL 364 636 359 636 DL 369 636 364 636 DL 374 636 369 636 DL 379 636 374 636 DL
-384 636 379 636 DL 389 636 384 636 DL 394 636 389 636 DL 399 636 394 636 DL 404
-636 399 636 DL 409 636 404 636 DL 414 636 409 636 DL 419 636 414 636 DL 424 636
-419 636 DL 429 636 424 636 DL 434 636 429 636 DL 439 636 434 636 DL 444 636 439
-636 DL 449 636 444 636 DL 454 636 449 636 DL 459 636 454 636 DL 464 636 459 636
-DL 469 636 464 636 DL 474 636 469 636 DL 479 636 474 636 DL 484 636 479 636 DL
-489 636 484 636 DL 494 636 489 636 DL 499 636 494 636 DL 504 636 499 636 DL .68
-(The tw)142 672 R 3.18(om)-.1 G .68
-(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)186.59 672 R .68
-(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e)117 684
-R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376(Some \214elds may be omit-)
-5.376 F(ted if the)117 696 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G 2.5(on)164.9 696 S
-(ot contain interesting information.)177.4 696 Q(Fields are:)5 E 50.06
-(from The)117 712.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E EP
-%%Page: 13 8
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 53.95(size The)117 96 R
-(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E 50.06(class The)117 112.2 R
-(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The)117
-128.4 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E 45.06
-(nrcpts The)117 144.6 R 1.514(number of en)4.014 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.515
-(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-)-.2 E -.1
-(wa)189 156.6 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 172.8 R
-(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The)117 189 R
-(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
-(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 205.2 R
-(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E .43
-(There is also one line logged per deli)117 221.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
-(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
-(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E
-(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 233.4 Q(Fields are:)5
-E 61.72(to A)117 249.6 R(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)
-2.5 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(ctladdr The)117 265.8 R -.74(``)2.726 G .226
-(controlling user').74 F .226
-(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F(for deli)189
-277.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)117 294 R 1.303
-(total delay between the time this message w)3.804 F 1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)447.031 294 R -.1(wa)189 306 S
-2.5(sd).1 G(eli)211.95 306 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.).15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117
-322.2 R .116(amount of time needed in this deli)2.615 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116
-(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .416 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.616(ft).15 G(he)
-494.56 322.2 Q(speed of the connection\).)189 334.2 Q 43.95(mailer The)117
-350.4 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5
-(ot)348.57 350.4 S(his recipient.)358.85 350.4 Q 49.51(relay The)117 366.6 R
-(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)2.5 E
-55.61(stat The)117 382.8 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.).15 E
-(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 399 Q
-(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15
-E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 423 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .205(If you ha)142 439.2
-R -.15(ve)-.2 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)2.855 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .205
-(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
-(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .204(There is)5.204 F
-2.787(al)117 451.2 S(ar)127.007 451.2 Q .287
-(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
-(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E
-.651(At the lo)117 463.2 R .651(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151(lo).15 G
-.651(nly e)201.724 463.2 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F
-.65(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .65(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15
-(nt).15 G(he)494.56 463.2 Q .825(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 475.2 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.826(.A)-.65 G 3.326
-(sac)400.266 475.2 S(on)419.688 475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .826(ntion, log le).15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .201
-(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 487.2 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .2(re reserv)
-381.57 487.2 R .2(ed for deb)-.15 F .2(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(poses. Le)
-117 499.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E(ed for v)-.15 E
-(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 515.4
-S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 515.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls is gi).15
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 515.4 S(ection 4.6.)351.74 515.4 Q
-F0 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 539.4 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)127 555.6 S 2.563(uc)1.1
-G .063(an ask)150.123 555.6 R F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1 .064
-(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a)
-2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 567.6 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5 F
-(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5 E(.)
--.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 591.6 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283
-(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 607.8 R 6.283(.F)-.65
-G 1.283(or e)374.224 607.8 R 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.282(wn or)-.25
-F -.15(ove)102 619.8 S .042(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F
-.043(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .043(xpected to sa)-.15 F .343 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .043(his message).15 F(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102
-631.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)263.26 631.8 S(ater)271.32 631.8 Q
-(.)-.55 E .568
-(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)127 648
-R 5.568(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)434.764 648 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.368 -.4(r, y)
-.25 H .568(ou may).4 F .993(\214nd that manual interv)102 660 R .993
-(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)332.711 660 R
-.993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .994(wn for a)-.25 F 1.699
-(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 672 R(Although)6.699 E F2
-(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.699(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.199(rg).15 G
-(racefully)468.46 672 Q(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance una\
-cceptably bad in the meantime.)102 684 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 96 R(the queue)
-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .526
-(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 112.2 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F
-F0(\255bp)117 124.2 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157
-140.4 Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 156.6 R 1.673
-(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
-(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. F)
-102 192.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 208.8 Q F1 1.137
-(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F
-1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
-(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 220.8 R
-5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 220.8 R F2
-(sendmail)117 232.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5
-(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
-(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 249 R .338
-(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 249 R .095
-(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 261 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 261
-Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 261 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18
-261 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094
-(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086
-(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
-117 273 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 273 R .462(821, b)117
-285 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
-(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086
-(freeze the entire queue.)117 297 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886
--.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 297 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
-1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 309 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 309 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G
-.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 309 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65
-G .85(here is no com-)439.52 309 R(pletely general w)117 321 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E
-2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 321 Q .082
-(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 337.2 R .083
-(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 349.2 S(rohibiti)
-129.365 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424
-(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
-(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117
-361.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085
-(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 373.2 R
-2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 373.2 R .022
-(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
-(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 389.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G
-(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
-(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 405.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
-(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 417.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117
-433.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 433.8 R .209
-(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
--.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 445.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 445.8 Q
-1.6 -.8(To r)142 462 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:)
--.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 478.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E
-(The)117 494.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
-(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867
-E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F
-.593(the queue.)117 506.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H
-(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 506.4 T .593(rd v).25 F
--.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594
-(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 518.4 Q
-(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 534.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
--.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 550.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5
-(2.4. The)87 579 R(Ser)2.5 E(vice Switch)-.1 E F1 1.416(The implementation of \
-certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-)127 595.2 R
-.335(trolled by the service switch.)102 607.2 R .336
-(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.335 F F2(sendmail)2.836
-E F1 .336(will use)2.836 F(the nati)102 619.2 Q .3 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5
-(rsion. Ultrix,).15 F(Solaris, and DEC OSF/1 are e)2.5 E
-(xamples of such systems.)-.15 E .969(If the underlying operating system does \
-not support a service switch \(e.g., SunOS, HP-UX,)127 635.4 R .975(BSD\) then)
-102 647.4 R F2(sendmail)3.475 E F1 .975(will pro)3.475 F .975
-(vide a stub implementation.)-.15 F(The)5.975 E F0(Ser)3.475 E(viceSwitchFile)
--.1 E F1 .975(option points to)3.475 F .382(the name of a \214le that has the \
-service de\214nitions Each line has the name of a service and the possi-)102
-659.4 R(ble implementations of that service.)102 671.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15
-G(xample, the \214le:)270.57 671.4 Q 12.94(hosts dns)142 687.6 R(\214les nis)
-2.5 E 6.84(aliases \214les)142 699.6 R(nis)2.5 E .328(will ask)102 715.8 R F2
-(sendmail)2.828 E F1 .328(to look for hosts in the Domain Name System \214rst.)
-2.828 F .329(If the requested host name is)5.329 F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .379
-(not found, it tries local \214les, and if that f)102 96 R .379
-(ails it tries NIS.)-.1 F(Similarly)5.379 E 2.879(,w)-.65 G .379
-(hen looking for aliases it will)385.166 96 R
-(try the local \214les \214rst follo)102 108 Q(wed by NIS.)-.25 E 1.269
-(Service switches are not completely inte)127 124.2 R 3.769(grated. F)-.15 F
-1.269(or e)-.15 F 1.269(xample, despite the f)-.15 F 1.27(act that the host)-.1
-F .294(entry listed in the abo)102 136.2 R .594 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H .293
-(ample speci\214es to look in NIS, on SunOS this w).15 F(on')-.1 E 2.793(th)
--.18 G .293(appen because the)430.664 136.2 R 1.398(system implementation of)
-102 148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)3.898 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.398
-(\(3\) doesn')1.666 F 3.898(tu)-.18 G 1.399(nderstand this.)327.856 148.2 R
-1.399(If there is enough demand)6.399 F F2(sendmail)102 160.2 Q F1 .015
-(may reimplement)2.515 F F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyname).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E
-F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyaddr).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(tpwent)
-.1 E F1 .014(\(3\), and the other system)1.666 F(routines that w)102 172.2 Q
-(ould be necessary to mak)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(his w)272.05 172.2 Q
-(ork seamlessly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.5. The)87 196.2 R(Alias Database)2.5 E
-F1 .36(The alias database e)127 212.4 R .36(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.86(of)-.1 G
-2.861(orms. One)261.11 212.4 R .361(is a te)2.861 F .361
-(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.)2.861 E F1
-(The aliases are of the form)102 224.4 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142 240.6 Q
-(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 256.8 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142 273 Q
-(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E 1.088
-(will not ha)102 291.2 R 1.388 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.088(he desired ef).15 F 1.088
-(fect \(e)-.25 F 1.088(xcept on prep.ai.MIT)-.15 F 1.088(.EDU, and the)-.74 F
-3.588(yp)-.15 G 1.088(robably don')400.868 291.2 R 3.587(tw)-.18 G 1.087
-(ant me\))466.643 291.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)498 287.2 Q F1(.)501.5 291.2
-Q .561(Aliases may be continued by starting an)102 303.2 R 3.061(yc)-.15 G .561
-(ontinuation lines with a space or a tab)277.697 303.2 R 5.562(.B)-.4 G .562
-(lank lines and)447.326 303.2 R(lines be)102 315.2 Q
-(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.478
-(The second form is processed by the)127 333.4 R F2(ndbm)3.978 E F1(\(3\))1.666
-E F3(8)321.472 329.4 Q F1(or)328.95 333.4 Q F2(db)3.978 E F1 1.478
-(\(3\) library)1.666 F 6.478(.T)-.65 G 1.478(his form is in the \214les)409.66
-333.4 R F2(/etc/aliases.dir)102 345.4 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028
-E -.15(g.)-.1 G F1 .528(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1
-.529(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 345.4 Q
-(This technique is used to impro)102 357.4 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.)
-.15 E(The control of search order is actually set by the service switch.)127
-373.6 Q(Essentially)5 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he entry)437.96 373.6 Q -.35(OA)142 389.8
-S(switch:aliases).35 E .927(is al)102 406 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .927(ys added as the \
-\214rst alias entry; also, the \214rst alias \214le name without a class \(e.g\
-., without).1 F .268
-(\231nis:\232 on the front\) will be used as the name of the \214le for a `)102
-418 R(`\214les')-.74 E 2.769('e)-.74 G .269(ntry in the aliases switch.)382.535
-418 R -.15(Fo)5.269 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 430 S
-(ample, if the con\214guration \214le contains).15 E -.35(OA)142 446.2 S
-(/etc/aliases).35 E(and the service switch contains)102 462.4 Q 6.84
-(aliases nis)142 478.6 R(\214les nisplus)2.5 E 2.449(then aliases will \214rst\
- be searched in the NIS database, then in /etc/aliases, then in the NIS+)102
-494.8 R(database.)102 506.8 Q -1.1(Yo)127 523 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G(an also use)150.06
-523 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G
-2.5(re).15 G(xample, the speci\214cation:)305.069 523 Q -.35(OA)142 539.2 S
-(/etc/aliases).35 E -.35(OA)142 551.2 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)
--.65 E 1.725(will \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map name\
-d \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)102 567.4 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102
-579.4 S .59(rning: if you b).8 F .59(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F4(NIS)3.09 E
-F1 .589(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .589(vide the)-.15 F F0<ad6c>
-3.089 E F1 .589(\215ag to)3.089 F F2(mak)3.089 E(edbm)-.1 E F1(\(8\))A .159
-(to map upper case letters in the k)102 591.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.659(st).15 G
-2.659(ol)253.55 591.4 S -.25(ow)263.989 591.4 S .159
-(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F(names w)102
-603.4 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)163.38 603.4 Q
-(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 619.6 Q(xactly lik)-.15
-E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E -.35(OA)142 635.8
-S(nis:\255N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
-(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 652 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
-(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E .32 LW 76 665.2 72
-665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL 92
-665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104 665.2 100
-665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112 665.2 DL
-120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2
-128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2
-DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160
-665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168
-665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL
-188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200 665.2
-196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2 208 665.2
-DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 675.6 Q/F6 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,a)-.52 G .24 -.12(ny m)130.684 678.8 T
-(ailer that has the `).12 E 1.776 -.888(A' m)-.64 H(ailer \215ag set will perm\
-it aliasing; this is normally limited to the local mailer).888 E(.)-.44 E F5(8)
-93.6 689.2 Q F6(The)3.2 I/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(gdbm)2 E F6
-(package probably w)2 E(orks as well.)-.08 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.5.1. Reb)102 96 R
-(uilding the alias database)-.2 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .542(The DB or DBM v)
-142 112.2 R .542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F
-.542(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117
-124.2 Q(ne)157 140.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 156.6 Q -.25
-(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
-F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157
-172.8 Q 2.29(If the)142 193.2 R F0(Reb)4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E
-F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)
-280.19 193.2 R F2(sendmail)4.79 E F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 205.2 Q .775
-(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.)-.2
-F(Auto-reb)5.774 E .774(uild can be)-.2 F 1.853(dangerous on hea)117 217.2 R
-1.853(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853
-(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.354(em)-.1 G 1.854(ore than the)
-453.082 217.2 R(reb)117 229.2 Q 2.832(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F F0(AliasW)
-5.332 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.332(,o)C(ld)275.538 229.2 Q F0(a)5.332 E F1 5.332(,w)C
-2.831(hich is normally \214v)308.702 229.2 R 5.331(em)-.15 G 2.831
-(inutes\) to reb)412.657 229.2 R 2.831(uild the)-.2 F
-(database, there is a chance that se)117 241.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.)
--.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 257.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
-(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77
-(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
-(types it understands \(for e)117 269.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
-(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.5.2. P)102
-293.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
-(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142
-309.6 R(The)6.13 E 3.63(ya)-.15 G 1.13(ll result)472.59 309.6 R 1.103(from a)
-117 321.6 R F2(sendmail)3.603 E F1 1.103(process accessing the DBM v)3.603 F
-1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.604(uilt. This)-.2 F(can)
-3.604 E 1.249(happen under tw)117 333.6 R 3.749(oc)-.1 G 1.248
-(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
-199.237 333.6 R(reb)117 345.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
-(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F
-(before completing the reb)117 357.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .401
-(Sendmail has three techniques to try to relie)142 373.8 R .701 -.15(ve t)-.25
-H .401(hese problems.).15 F .4(First, it ignores interrupts)5.401 F .045
-(while reb)117 385.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
-.045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F
-.177(partially reb)117 397.8 R .177(uilt database.)-.2 F .177
-(Second, it locks the database source \214le during the reb)5.177 F .176
-(uild \212 b)-.2 F .176(ut that)-.2 F .812(may not w)117 409.8 R .812(ork o)-.1
-F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.312(rN).15 G .812(FS or if the \214le is unwritable.)205.388
-409.8 R .813(Third, at the end of the reb)5.813 F .813(uild it adds an)-.2 F
-(alias of the form)117 421.8 Q(@: @)157 438 Q .336(\(which is not normally le)
-117 454.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836(l\). Before).05 F F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336
-(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F(this entry e)117
-468.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)179.63 464.2 Q F1(.)183.13 468.2 Q
-F0 2.5(2.5.3. List)102 492.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4
-(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 508.4 R F2(x)
-A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F .418
-(of the form \231o)117 520.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C 2.918
-(or)212.632 520.4 S(ecei)223.88 520.4 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418(he errors.)
-.15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116
-(submitter of the list has no control o)117 532.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15
-G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 532.4 R
-(maintainer w)117 544.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)
-5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 544.4 Q
-(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 560.6 Q(,)-.4 E
-(sam@matisse)193 572.6 Q -.25(ow)157 584.6 S(ner).25 E
-(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa)
-157 596.6 Q -.1(wo)117 612.8 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the\
- error that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F
-(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 624.8 Q
-.958(List o)142 641 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959
-(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F
--.25(ow)117 653 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
-(oint to a single user)236.364 653 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
-(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 653 R -.15(Fo)117 665 S
-3.454(rt).15 G .954(his reason, and to obe)136.974 665 R 3.454(yI)-.15 G .954
-(nternet con)239.354 665 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o).15 F(wner)-.25
-E .955(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .504(\231-request\232 addres\
-s; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con)117 677 R -.15
-(ve)-.4 G .503(ntion of using).15 F .32 LW 76 686.6 72 686.6 DL 80 686.6 76
-686.6 DL 84 686.6 80 686.6 DL 88 686.6 84 686.6 DL 92 686.6 88 686.6 DL 96
-686.6 92 686.6 DL 100 686.6 96 686.6 DL 104 686.6 100 686.6 DL 108 686.6 104
-686.6 DL 112 686.6 108 686.6 DL 116 686.6 112 686.6 DL 120 686.6 116 686.6 DL
-124 686.6 120 686.6 DL 128 686.6 124 686.6 DL 132 686.6 128 686.6 DL 136 686.6
-132 686.6 DL 140 686.6 136 686.6 DL 144 686.6 140 686.6 DL 148 686.6 144 686.6
-DL 152 686.6 148 686.6 DL 156 686.6 152 686.6 DL 160 686.6 156 686.6 DL 164
-686.6 160 686.6 DL 168 686.6 164 686.6 DL 172 686.6 168 686.6 DL 176 686.6 172
-686.6 DL 180 686.6 176 686.6 DL 184 686.6 180 686.6 DL 188 686.6 184 686.6 DL
-192 686.6 188 686.6 DL 196 686.6 192 686.6 DL 200 686.6 196 686.6 DL 204 686.6
-200 686.6 DL 208 686.6 204 686.6 DL 212 686.6 208 686.6 DL 216 686.6 212 686.6
-DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6 697 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)3.2 I/F6 8
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E(ait)-.52 E F5
-(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E 4(.T)
--.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)352.228 700.2 Q EP
-%%Page: 17 12
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.74(``)117 96 S/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G 2.5(st)180.22 96 S
-(he return address.)189.39 96 Q F0 2.5(2.6. User)87 120 R(Inf)2.5 E
-(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 136.2 R 1.359 -.15(ve a ve)-.2
-H 1.059(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06
-(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 148.2 Q
-2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0
-(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2
-(user)102 160.2 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 160.2 S
-(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 160.2 Q F0 2.5
-(2.7. P)87 184.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E
-(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .12(As an alternati)127 200.4 R .42 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
-2.62(ot).15 G .12(he alias database, an)210.4 200.4 R 2.62(yu)-.15 G .121
-(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.87 200.4 R .121
-(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 212.4 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G
-2.705(ft)199.92 212.4 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 212.4 R(xists,)-.15 E F2
-(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
-(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .908
-(listed in the .forw)102 224.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408
-(re).15 G .908
-(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.978
-224.4 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 236.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 252.6 Q
-(kirk@calder)142 264.6 Q(then an)102 280.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29
-280.8 Q
-(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25
-E(Actually)127 297 Q 3.375(,t)-.65 G .874
-(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
-169.445 297 R .874(By def)5.874 F .874(ault, this is)-.1 F .687(the user')102
-309 R 3.187(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.424 309 Q .687(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
-(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.188
-(option. If)3.188 F .688(you change)3.188 F .393(this, you will ha)102 321 R
-.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
-(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.065 321 R .393
-(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 333 Q .3 -.15
-(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.8. Special)87 357 R(Header Lines)2.5 E
-F1(Se)127 373.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.897(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15
-(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
-(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others)
-6.898 E(ha)102 385.2 Q 1.206 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .906(nterpretations b).15 F .906
-(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.406 E F1 .905
-(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.406 F(These)5.905 E -.2
-(bu)102 397.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.8.1. Err)102 421.2 R
-(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142 437.4 R .22
-(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15
-F(the listed addresses.)117 449.4 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E
-.385(The Errors-T)142 465.6 R .385(o: header w)-.8 F .384
-(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G .384
-(nderstand the)450.016 465.6 R .889(distinction between an en)117 477.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89
-(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 477.6 Q .81
-(passed as the en)117 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .81(lope sender address.).15 F .809
-(It should go a)5.81 F -.1(wa)-.15 G 4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H 3.309(ti).65 G 3.309
-(so)374.125 489.6 S .809(nly used if the)386.324 489.6 R F0(UseErr)3.309 E
-(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1(option is set.)117 501.6 Q(The Errors-T)142 517.8 Q
-(o: header is of)-.8 E(\214cial deprecated and will go a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
-2.5(yi).1 G 2.5(naf)392.3 517.8 S(uture release.)410.07 517.8 Q F0 2.5
-(2.8.2. A)102 541.8 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .044
-(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 558 R .045
-(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(ry message.).15 F .045
-(If a)5.045 F .562
-(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117 570 R F2
-(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085
-(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 582 R .085
-(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E -.8
-(To)117 594 S .08(:\232 header line for an).8 F 2.58(yr)-.15 G .08
-(ecipients it is a)218.36 594 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .08(re of.).1 F .08
-(This is not put in as a standard recipient line to)5.08 F -.1(wa)117 606 S
-(rn an).1 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)159.51 606 Q
-(The Apparently-T)142 622.2 Q(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8
-E F0 2.5(2.8.3. Pr)102 646.2 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425
-(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority)142
-662.4 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)455.38 662.4 S .425(weaks the)463.865 662.4 R
-(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout\
- v)117 674.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 96 R(Pr)2.5 E
-(otocol Support)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)
-4.335 F 1.835(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289
-(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 124.2 R
-.29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)396.17 124.2 S .29
-(he originating system to)406.74 124.2 R .469(include the o)102 136.2 R .469(w\
-ner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfec\
-t; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 148.2 R 1.294
-(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294
-(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)102 160.2 Q
-2.5(6. Security)127 176.4 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006
-(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 192.6 R
-(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)400.505 192.6 S .005(he host pro)409.68
-192.6 R .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 204.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .273
-(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G .274
-(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.308 204.6 R 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774(fa)
-448.612 204.6 S .574 -.15(ny c)459.156 204.6 T(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)
-127 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
-(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986
-(denti\214er the user w)378.056 216.6 R 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\
-ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\
-ly erro-)127 228.6 R(neous and misleading.)127 240.6 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\
-on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127
-256.8 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 268.8 R 1.037
-(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
--.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 280.8 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
-(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006
-(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \
-is strongly dis-)127 297 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 309 R 2.697(,u)
--.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 309 R
-2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 309 R .514(sions - either as t\
-he primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods)
-127 321 R(may result in a weak)127 333 Q(ening of normal host security)-.1 E(.)
--.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 349.2 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 1.778(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15
-F .337(which might normally be considered pri)127 361.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836
-(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336
-(vides service which)-.15 F .806
-(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 373.2 R .806
-(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 373.2 Q
-1.398(the same pri)127 385.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.398
-(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
-(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545
-(Identi\214cation. If)127 397.2 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545(tr)
--.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.33 397.2 R 1.046(er due to pri)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w)
-127 409.2 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377
-(In some cases your system may not w)102 425.4 R .377
-(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP)-.2 F
-3.675(implementation. The)102 437.4 R 1.175
-(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed)3.675
-F .566(almost immediately)102 449.4 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft)192.482 449.4 S
-.565(his is true or if you do not w)201.658 449.4 R .565(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F
-3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT)401.75 449.4 R
-(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102 461.4 Q F0 2.5
-(3. ARGUMENTS)72 485.4 R F2 .017(The complete list of ar)112 501.6 R .017
-(guments to)-.18 F F1(sendmail)2.517 E F2 .017
-(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018 F(ar)
-87 513.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 537.6 R
-(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F2 .455(The amount of time between forking a \
-process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127 553.8 R F0<ad71>2.955
-E F2 2.675(\215ag. If)102 565.8 R .175(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.175(ry mode set to).15 F F0(i)2.675 E F2(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F2 .176
-(this can be relati)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176
-(ge, since it will only be rel-)-.18 F -.25(eva)102 577.8 S .207
-(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do)-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F
-.206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q)2.706 E F2 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amo\
-unt of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 589.8 R 1.039
-(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 601.8 Q 1.336
-(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.335
-(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102
-630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 630 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 630 Q
-(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 630 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87
-654 R(Mode)2.5 E F2 .084(If you allo)127 670.2 R 2.584(wi)-.25 G .084
-(ncoming mail o)181.162 670.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.605
-670.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.52 670.2 R .385 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H
-.085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07(should be set by your)102 682.2 R F1
-(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F2 .07(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F2
-2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0
-<ad71>2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q
-(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292(An alternati)127 96 R .592
--.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .493 -.1(ke s).2 H
-.293(endmail from).1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293
-(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs)2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)2.793 F
-.255(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 108 R .255(This w)
-5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.755 E
-F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)102 120 R 1.39
-(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39
-(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15 -.25
-(ev e)102 132 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556
-(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2(sendmail)
-3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102 144 Q
-(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 160.2 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 188.4 R(or)-.25 E
-(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has \
-gotten clogged for some reason.)127 204.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04
-(an force)471.48 204.6 R 3.185(aq)102 216.6 S .685(ueue run using the)114.625
-216.6 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)
--.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684
-(\215ag \(v)3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 228.6 Q
-(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 244.8 Q -1.1(Yo)
-127 265.2 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504
-(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)151.564
-265.2 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 265.2 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)461.676
-265.2 S(ecipient)472.34 265.2 Q .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102
-277.2 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.659
-277.2 R(ele)-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102
-289.2 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .225
-(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F
-(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.184 289.2 R
-(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to parti\
-cular queue identi\214ers.)102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 325.2 R(ugging)-.2 E
-F1 1.365(There are a f)127 341.4 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365
-(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2
-(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)417.65 341.4 R 1.365
-(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)102 353.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
-(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
-(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)
--.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)102 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294
-(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)
-274.018 365.4 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293(rint out so much information that you w)
-313.616 365.4 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .691(normally w)102 377.4 R .692
-(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692
-(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .692
-(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 389.4 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1
-(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 405.6 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13
-405.6 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 417.6 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F
-(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142 429.6 Q -.28
-(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l])
-.15 G(deb)142 441.6 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E
-(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 453.6 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 469.8
-Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64 469.8 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 486 R
-(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 498
-R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35(\255d3\25517 Set)142
-510 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85
-(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 522 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 538.2 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)
-132.752 538.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565
-(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565
-(ook at the code \(the)380.9 538.2 R 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)479.385 538.2
-R(dynamic to k)102 550.2 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5
-(3.5. Changing)87 574.2 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1
-(Options can be o)127 590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>
-2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5
-(re).15 G(xample,)420.27 590.4 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 606.6 Q .02
-(sets the)102 622.8 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52
-(om)-.1 G .021(inutes for this run only; the equi)246.77 622.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.021(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 634.8 Q
-(/usr/sbin/sendmail -OQueueT)142 651 Q(imeout=2m)-.35 E .72(Some options ha)127
-671.4 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo)
-5.72 F .72(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 98 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)
-247.54 94 Q F1(.)254.54 98 Q F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 122 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E
-(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 138.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25
-H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1
-(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E
-(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 154.4 Q .429
-(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 170.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(test.cf)
-2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928
-E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928
-F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 182.6 Q(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
-(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 198.8 Q F1(gi)2.679 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su).15 G 2.679(pi)195.288 198.8 S .18
-(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a)
-205.747 198.8 R .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool\
- directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while)102 210.8 R(testing.)102 222.8
-Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 246.8 R -.74(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 263 Q
-3.254(yS)-.15 G .754(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)
-158.994 263 R -.15(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)428.54 263 R
-(-)-.2 E 1.178(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines\
- in reply codes.)102 275 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 287 S .13
-(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)
-5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63
-F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 299 S(ample,).15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)
-142 315.2 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E(will log all traf)102 331.4 Q
-(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998
-(This logs a lot of data v)127 347.6 R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0
-(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After st\
-arting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to \
-your host.)102 359.6 R .609(All message traf)102 371.6 R .609
-(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609
-(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)281.882 371.6 R .608(\214c, will be logged in)
--.25 F(this \214le.)102 383.6 Q F0 2.5(3.8. T)87 407.6 R
-(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E F1 .643(When you b)127 423.8 R .644(uild \
-a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231\
-test)-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 435.8 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)191.01
-435.8 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(sendmail)2.6 E
-F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 452 Q .448(which w)102 468.2 R
-.448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)
--.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 480.2 Q
-(rwset address)142 496.4 Q(where)102 512.6 Q F3(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506
-(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1 F F3
-(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.)3.007 F -.7
-(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 524.6 R .794(ws you the steps it tak)-.25
-F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .794
-(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102 536.6 S 3.331(um)1.1
-G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of r\
-ules to an input.)129.231 536.6 R -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 548.6 S
-(ample:).15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 564.8 Q .622
-(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 581 R 5.622
-<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)334.036 581 R
-(ruleset three, follo)102 593 Q(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)
--.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d2\
-1\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)127 609.2 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E
--.15(ex)102 621.2 S(ample,).15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 637.4 Q .689
-(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 653.6 R .688
-(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 665.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80
-678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8
-DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8
-104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8
-DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136
-678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144
-678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL
-164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8
-172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8
-DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204
-678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212
-678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497
-(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti)-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497
-(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e).12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497
-(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc)-.44 G .497
-(rontab \214le or during system)413.572 692.4 R
-(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 702 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 96 S 2.574(us)1.1 G
-.074(hould be w)149.584 96 R .074(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.575 E F1 .075
-(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075(In test mode)5.075 F
-(you will ha)102 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od).15 G 2.5(ot)173.87 108 S
-(hat manually)184.15 108 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)248.35 108 Q(xample, older v)-.15 E
-(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5(0b)142 124.2 S
-(ruce@broadcast.son)154.5 124.2 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)102 140.4 Q
-(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 156.6 Q -.65
-(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v)127 177 Q(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E
-(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 193.2 S
-1.666(Dxv)118 193.2 S .328(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328
-(to ha)2.828 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1
-5.328(.T)C .328(his is useful when deb)346.134 193.2 R .327(ugging rules that)
--.2 F(use the)115.5 205.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107
-217.2 S 1.666(Ccv)118 217.2 S(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E
-F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 229.2 S 1.666(Sr)118 229.2 S
-(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107 241.2
-S 1.666(dd)121.14 241.2 S(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G
-(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 265.2 R F1 1.922
-(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 281.4 R 1.922
-(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .367(requirements of your site.)87 293.4
-R .366(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)
-5.367 F -.15(Fo)5.366 G 2.866(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 293.4 Q(the line \231O T)
-87 305.4 Q(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E
-(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E 2.5(ed)
--.15 G(ays\).)476.47 305.4 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 321.6 R 1.035
--.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)
-5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735
-(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .046(mail loads may \214nd the)87 333.6 R
-2.546(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)
-193.47 333.6 R .045(In particular)5.045 F 2.545(,s)-.4 G .045(ites e)459.395
-333.6 R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.087(encing a lar)87 345.6 R 1.087
-(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.587(yo)-.15 G 3.588(fw)294.496 345.6
-S 1.088(hich are deli)308.634 345.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.088(red to man).15 F
-3.588(yr)-.15 G 1.088(ecipients, may \214nd)425.994 345.6 R(that the)87 357.6 Q
-2.5(yn)-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)
-129.07 357.6 Q .524(All v)112 373.8 R .524(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.024
-E F1 .524(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.024 F .523
-(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.215
-(long \(multi-character names\).)87 385.8 R 1.216
-(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.215 F 3.716(wo)-.25 G
-1.216(ptions do not)449.338 385.8 R(ha)87 397.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(hort equi)
-.15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802
-(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 414 R .802
-(ely to w)-.1 F .801(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F(more details.)87
-426 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 450 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)127 466.2 R
-.583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G
-.583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 466.2 R
-(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 478.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.)
-241.3 478.2 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 494.4 S(econds)165.89
-494.4 Q 12.22(mm)142 506.4 S(inutes)169.78 506.4 Q 15(hh)142 518.4 S(ours)167
-518.4 Q 15(dd)142 530.4 S(ays)167 530.4 Q 12.78(ww)142 542.4 S(eeks)169.22
-542.4 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 570.6 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18
-(The ar)142 586.8 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18
-(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
-(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 586.8 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967
-(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 598.8 R 5.968(.R)
--.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 598.8 R
-(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 610.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 634.8 R
-(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 651 S 1.053(meouts all ha).35 F 1.352 -.15(ve o)
--.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E F2(suboption)A F1 3.552
-(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E F2(suboption)3.552 E F1 1.052(s, their)B(def)
-117 663 Q(ault v)-.1 E(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E
-(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 679.2 R .16
-(time to w)2.66 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1 F F2
-(connect)2.661 E F1 .161(\(2\) system call\))B 1.154([0, unspeci\214ed].)189
-691.2 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In)
--.1 F 1.153(no case can this option)3.653 F -.15(ex)189 703.2 S .518
-(tend the timeout longer than the k).15 F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .519(vides, b)
--.15 F .519(ut it can shorten it.)-.2 F(This)5.519 E .58(is to get around k)189
-715.2 R .579(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579
-(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(minutes in one case\).)189 96 Q 46.16(initial The)117 112.2 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
-(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)117
-128.4 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727
-(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
-(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 140.4 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1
-(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 140.4 R(minimum.)189 152.4 Q 46.72
-(mail\207 The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
-(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117
-184.8 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F
-.982(This should be long)5.982 F 1.556
-(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 196.8 R 1.556
-(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 208.8 Q(w\).)-.25
-E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 225 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E
--1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117
-241.2 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196
-(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F .196
-([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621
-(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189
-253.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.12 E(mail)189 265.2 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E
-.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 265.2 Q 30.06
-(data\214nal\207 The)117 281.4 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
-(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306
-F .306(If this is)5.306 F .884
-(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 293.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.383(rt).15 G 3.383(od)412.881 293.4 S(eli)426.264 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.383(rt).15 G .883(he message,)454.797 293.4 R(duplicates will be generated.)
-189 305.4 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 321.6 R -.1
-(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94
-(quit The)117 337.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E
-(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 354 R -.1(wa)2.76 G
-.261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
-(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)
-189 366 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)
-117 382.2 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)259.4 382.2 Q
-(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 400.4 R
-(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)413.86 396.4 Q F1 2.5(,u)420.86 400.4 S(nspeci\214ed].)
-430.86 400.4 Q -.15(Fo)117 416.6 S 4.609(rc).15 G 2.109
-(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)139.789 416.6 R F2
-(suboption)4.608 E F1 2.108(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.608 F(mark)117
-428.6 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142
-444.8 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)172.68 444.8 S(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.29 444.8
-Q .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.001 E F1 -.1(wa)2.501
-G 2.501(sd).1 G .001(esigned to)463.169 444.8 R .712
-(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v)117 456.8
-R .711(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.211 E F1(prior)3.211 E .864(to v)117
-468.8 R .865(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F
-5.865(.I)-.65 G 3.365(np)386.24 468.8 S(articular)399.605 468.8 Q 3.365(,a\231)
--.4 G .865(RCPT\232 com-)450.635 468.8 R .061
-(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117 480.8 R .061(xpand and v)-.15 F .06
-(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .06(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.56(ws)-.25 G
-(ystem)480.11 480.8 Q .436(may easily tak)117 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.1 G .436
-(ore than \214v)190.698 494.8 R 2.936(em)-.15 G(inutes)252.126 494.8 Q F3(12)
-276.016 490.8 Q F1 5.436(.I)283.016 494.8 S .435
-(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)297.218 494.8 R 1.365
-(nications f)117 506.8 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long ti\
-meout is not onerous and may ulti-)-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 518.8 Q
-(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 535 S 2.5(re).15 G
-(xample, the lines:)162.53 535 Q 2.5(OT)157 551.2 S(imeout.command=25m)172.48
-551.2 Q 2.5(OT)157 563.2 S(imeout.datablock=3h)172.48 563.2 Q .344
-(sets the serv)117 579.4 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the \
-input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 591.4 Q F0 2.5
-(4.1.3. Message)102 615.4 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237
-(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 631.6 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237
-(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 631.6 R .238(This is to insure that at)
-5.238 F .568(least the sender is a)117 643.6 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568
-(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .567
-(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.599(days. It)117
-655.6 R .099(is sometimes considered con)2.599 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099
-(nient to also send a w).15 F .1(arning message if the message is in)-.1 F .32
-LW 76 665.2 72 665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84
-665.2 DL 92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104
-665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116 665.2 112
-665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128 665.2 124 665.2 DL
-132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140 665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2
-140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152 665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2
-DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164 665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172
-665.2 168 665.2 DL 176 665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180
-665.2 DL 188 665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL
-200 665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212 665.2
-208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 675.6 Q/F5 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(On some systems the def)3.2 I
-(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08 E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)293.848 678.8 Q
-(.)-.52 E F4(12)93.6 689.2 Q F5 .212(This v)3.2 J .212
-(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212
-(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv)
-.16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .213(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F
-(can be considerable.)72 702 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .176(the queue longer than a fe)
-117 96 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175(ours \(assuming you normally ha)236.105 96 R .475
--.15(ve g)-.2 H .175(ood connecti).15 F .175(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645
-(sages normally took se)117 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645(ral hours to send you w)
-.15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645(ant to do this because it w)355.055 108
-R(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 108 Q 3.871(an unusual e)117 120 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 6.371(nt\). These).15 F 3.871(timeouts are set using the)6.371 F F0
--.18(Ti)6.371 G(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F1(and)6.371 E F0 -.18
-(Ti)6.37 G(me-).18 E(out.queuewar)117 132 Q(n)-.15 E F1
-(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E
-(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F1(option\).)2.5 E .106
-(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 148.2 R(w)-.25 E
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)393.822 148.2 Q F1(ho)2.607 E
-2.607(wl)-.25 G .107(ong another host)437.126 148.2 R .476
-(outside your domain will be do)117 160.2 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)
--.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 160.2 R .475(This allo)5.475 F
-.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 172.2 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 172.2 S 4.079(to)232.734 172.2 S 1.579
-(ccurs at the be)244.593 172.2 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
-(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
-(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 184.2 Q
-(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 200.4 Q F0 -.18(Ti)2.923 G
-(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.923 G .423(lue can be piggyback).25
-F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .422(option by indicating a time)2.922 F
-.845(after which a w)117 212.4 R .845(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1
-F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .846(imeouts are separated by a slash.)349.104 212.4 R -.15
-(Fo)5.846 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 224.4 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 240.6
-S(5d/4h).4 E .972(causes email to f)117 256.8 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F
-3.471(ed)-.15 G .971(ays, b)245.329 256.8 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
-(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.971 E
-(should be lar)117 268.8 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15
-(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0 2.5(4.2. F)87
-292.8 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .848(By setting the)127 309 R F0
--.25(Fo)3.348 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(\()3.348 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C
-(ption,)271.12 309 Q F2(sendmail)3.348 E F1 .849(will fork before each indi)
-3.348 F .849(vidual message)-.25 F .293(while running the queue.)102 321 R .293
-(This will pre)5.293 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.793 E F1 .293
-(from consuming lar)2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.792(,s)-.65 G(o)
-499 321 Q 1.11(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 333 R 3.61
-(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.61(ft).4 G
-(he)359.95 333 Q F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1 1.11
-(option is not set,)3.61 F F2(sendmail)102 345 Q F1 .085(will k)2.585 F .085
-(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .084
-(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .384 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
-(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 357 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 373.2 Q F0 -.25
-(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
-(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 397.2 R(Priorities)
-2.5 E F1(Ev)127 413.4 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \
-\214rst instantiated, consisting of the message)-.15 F .286
-(size \(in bytes\) of)102 425.4 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is de\
-termined from the Precedence: header\) times)-.25 F .342(the \231w)102 437.4 R
-.342(ork class f)-.1 F .343
-(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .343
-(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.243 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .343(he priority).7
-F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 449.4 R .073
-(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed)5.073
-F(later when running the queue.)102 461.4 Q .328
-(The message size is included so that lar)127 477.6 R .329
-(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .629 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.829(os).15 G
-.329(mall messages.)443.121 477.6 R .285(The message class allo)102 489.6 R
-.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\
-ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .007(in their message; the v)102 501.6 R .007
-(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .008(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.508 E F1
-.008(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.508 F .008(Since the)5.008 F 1.967
-(number of recipients af)102 513.6 R 1.967
-(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F
-(included into the priority)102 525.6 Q(.)-.65 E .53(The recipient and class f)
-127 541.8 R .53(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F
-F0(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 553.8 Q F0(y)A F1 3.443(\)a)C(nd)
-121.543 553.8 Q F0(ClassF)3.443 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1 3.442
-(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)208.82 553.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942(.T)
--.65 G(he)298.534 553.8 Q 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)321.266 553.8 Q .942
-(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .942(actor\) and)-.1 F
-(1800 \(for the class f)102 565.8 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F
-(initial priority is:)2.5 E F2(pri)168.495 583.8 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2
-(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0
-(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0
-(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 601.8 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)
-159.638 601.8 R .828
-(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
--.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 613.8 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job \
-can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 630
-R .235(attempt is made to deli)102 642 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.736(ri).15 G .236
-(t\) using the \231w)211.938 642 R .236(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7
-(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E
-F0(Z)A F1 2.736(\)o)C 2.736(ption. This)457.924 642 R .367
-(is added to the priority)102 654 R 2.867(,s)-.65 G 2.867(oi)202.625 654 S
-2.867(tn)213.272 654 S .366
-(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs)223.919
-654 R .137(that ha)102 666 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man).05 F 2.637
-(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)193.598 666 R .137(ail ag)-.1 F .137
-(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor)-.25 E F1 .137
-(option def)2.637 F .138(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 678 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(4.4. Load)87 96 R(Limiting)2.5 E/F1
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .102
-(can be ask)2.602 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101
-(rage gets too high).15 F .483(using the)102 124.2 R F0(QueueLA)2.983 E F2(\()
-2.983 E F0(x)A F2 2.983(\)o)C 2.983(ption. When)206.152 124.2 R .483
-(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483(xceeds the v)-.15 F
-.484(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.984 E F2(option,)2.984 E .532(the deli)102
-136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .532(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F2 .532
-(\(queue only\) if the)3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F2(\()3.032 E F0
-(q)A F2 3.032(\)o)C .531(ption di)379.066 136.2 R .531(vided by the dif)-.25 F
-(ference)-.25 E .004(in the current load a)102 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004
-(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F2 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F .004
-(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F
-(that is, the message is queued if)102 160.2 Q(f:)-.25 E F1(pri)251.425 183.61
-Q F2(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)287.21 176.61 Q F1(LA)276.475 190.61 Q/F3 10
-/Symbol SF(-)2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 181.01 275.895
-181.01 DL F2(1)349.625 190.61 Q(The)102 206.87 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E
-F2 .116(option def)2.616 F .116(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G .116(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F
-(points \(as described abo)102 218.87 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127
-235.07 S 3.893(rd).15 G 1.393(rastic cases, the)149.633 235.07 R F0(RefuseLA)
-3.893 E F2(\()3.893 E F0(X)A F2 3.893(\)o)C 1.394(ption de\214nes a load a)
-288.228 235.07 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.394(rage at which).15 F F1(sendmail)3.894 E F2
-(will)3.894 E .69(refuse to accept netw)102 247.07 R .689(ork connections.)-.1
-F .689(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F
-(still accepted.)102 259.07 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 283.07 R -.1(ve)-.1 G
-(ry Mode).1 E F2 .253(There are a number of deli)127 299.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.253(ry modes that).15 F F1(sendmail)2.753 E F2 .254
-(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.754 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F2
-(\()102 311.27 Q F0(d)A F2 3.599(\)c)C 1.099(on\214guration option.)122.259
-311.27 R 1.099(These modes specify ho)6.099 F 3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.098
-(uickly mail will be deli)324.142 311.27 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.598(red. Le).15 F
--.05(ga)-.15 G 3.598(lm).05 G(odes)485.67 311.27 Q(are:)102 323.27 Q 17.22(id)
-142 339.47 S(eli)167 339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65
-339.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142 351.47 S(eli)167
-351.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65 351.47 S
-(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 351.47 Q 15(qq)142 363.47 S
-(ueue only \(don')167 363.47 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 363.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(r\)).15 E 15(dd)142 375.47 S(efer delv)167 375.47 Q(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E
-2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)285.53 375.47 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.273
-(There are tradeof)102 391.67 R 3.773(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.273(\231i\232 gi)3.773
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.773(st).15 G 1.273(he sender the quick)258.938 391.67 R
-1.273(est feedback, b)-.1 F 1.274(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.774(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow)
-462.146 391.67 S 3.774(ns).25 G(ome)486.78 391.67 Q .799
-(mailers and is hardly e)102 403.67 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.299(rn).15 G(ecessary)
-216.405 403.67 Q 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799(ode \231b\232 deli)266.814 403.67 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F .798(ut can cause lar)-.2 F .798
-(ge numbers of)-.18 F .223(processes if you ha)102 415.67 R .524 -.15(ve a m)
--.2 H .224(ailer that tak).15 F .224(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.724(ram).15 G 2.724(essage. Mode)370.904 415.67 R .224
-(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .597(load on your machine, b)102 427.67 R .597
-(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .596
-(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.096(al. Mode)-.25 F .039
-(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102 439.67 R .039
-(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .04
-(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .04(orking; it is)-.1 F .086
-(intended for `)102 451.67 R .086(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.586('s)-.74 G .085
-(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)233.42 451.67 R 3.885 -.65(y. S)
--.15 H .085(ome simple error).65 F .817(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 463.67
-R .817(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F
-(Mode)5.818 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 475.67 Q(ault.)-.1 E .052(If you \
-run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli)
-127 491.87 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)389.136 491.87 S
-(ackground\))401.688 491.87 Q F1(sendmail)2.551 E F2(will)2.551 E 1.391(not e)
-102 503.87 R 1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G(forw)232.428
-503.87 Q 1.392(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.392
-(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 515.87 Q
-(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
-(4.6. Log)87 539.87 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F2 .19(The le)127 556.07 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)171.97 556.07 S .19(ogging can be set for)
-180.77 556.07 R F1(sendmail)2.689 E F2 5.189(.T)C .189(he def)317.996 556.07 R
-.189(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F(is le)102 568.07 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 568.07 S(he le)151.32 568.07 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 584.27 S 2.5(ol)145.22 584.27 S
-(ogging.)155.5 584.27 Q 31(1S)102 600.47 S(erious system f)143.56 600.47 Q
-(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 616.67 S
-(ost communications \(netw)144.11 616.67 Q(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E
-(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 632.87 S(ther serious f)145.22 632.87 Q(ailures.)-.1
-E 31(4M)102 649.07 S(inor f)146.89 649.07 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 665.27 S
-(essage collection statistics.)146.89 665.27 Q 31(6C)102 681.47 S
-(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)144.67 681.47 Q 31(7D)102
-697.67 S(eli)145.22 697.67 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E
-(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 713.87 S
-(uccessful deli)143.56 713.87 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15
-E(uilds.)-.2 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(9M)102 96 S
-(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 96 Q(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E
-23.5(10 Database)102 112.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
-(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 128.4 R .603
-(attempts to run lock)3.102 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
-(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
-(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 140.4 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 156.6 R
-(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 172.8
-Q 2.717(,v)-.65 G .217(alues abo)161.877 172.8 R .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.716
-(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)228.596 172.8 R .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216(xtremely v)
--.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .216(No normal site)
-5.216 F -.1(wo)102 184.8 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et these.)
-152.6 184.8 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 208.8 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .264
-(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127 225 R .264
-(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.764(lo).15 G 2.764(fs)448.482 225 S .264
-(ecurity you)458.466 225 R(require.)102 237 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 261 R 2.5(os)
--.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 261 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142
-277.2 Q F1 .934(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.434 F .934
-(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.433 G(ec).2 E F1 .933
-(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 289.2 Q 2.582(,i)-.4 G 2.582(tc)150.012 289.2 S
-.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\
-id to a def)159.814 289.2 R .083(ault \(set)-.1 F .577(by the)117 301.2 R F0(u)
-3.077 E F1(and)3.077 E F0(g)3.077 E F1 3.077(options\). \(This)3.077 F .576
-(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E
-F1 .576(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.076 F 1.531
-(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 313.2 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.532
-(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 325.2 Q F2(sa)
-2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E .339
-(If you don')142 341.4 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)200.887 341.4 Q(e)-.1 E F2
-(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839 F .339
-(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .007(ity and a lot of pri)117 353.4 R
--.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.507(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you')215.452 353.4 R .008
-(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)300.024 353.4 Q 2.508(et)
--.1 G .008(he queue directory w)319.092 353.4 R .008(orld readable.)-.1 F -1.1
-(Yo)5.008 G 2.508(uc)1.1 G(ould)486.22 353.4 Q .501(also mak)117 365.4 R(e)-.1
-E F2(sendmail)3.001 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user\
- called \231sendmail\232 and mak)3.001 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 377.4 Q F1
-1.533(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.033 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.834
--.15(cy p).25 H 1.534(roblems b).15 F 1.534(ut not the functionality issues.)
--.2 F .642(Also, this isn')117 389.4 R 3.142(tag)-.18 G .641
-(uarantee of security: for e)192.448 389.4 R .641
-(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F
-(mon often runs as root.)117 401.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 425.4 R
-(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058(At Berk)142 441.6 R(ele)-.1 E
-2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 441.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)212.184 441.6 T .058
-(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F .058
-(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.719
-(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 453.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.718
-(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117
-465.6 Q 1.19(The database that)142 481.8 R F2(sendmail)3.69 E F1 1.191
-(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.691<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.118
-481.8 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.691 E F1(and)3.691 E F2(aliases.pa)117 493.8 Q(g)-.1 E
-F1 .159(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.659 F F2(aliases.db)2.659 E F1 .159
-(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.658(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.854 493.8 Q
-(ele)-.1 E 2.658(yd)-.15 G .158(atabase prim-)449.692 493.8 R(iti)117 505.8 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.606(s\). The).15 F 1.107
-(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.606 F(If)6.107
-E F2(aliases)3.607 E F1 1.107(is writable)3.607 F 1.624(and the DBM \214les \()
-117 517.8 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1
-4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)324.648 517.8
-R .719(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 529.8 R(Ho)5.719 E
-(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E F1 .72
-(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticat\
-ed user can arrange to steal mail an)117 541.8 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
-.621(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 558 R .62
-(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .92 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .62
-(uild enabled)-.2 F 3.028(\(with the)117 570 R F0 -.5(Au)5.528 G(toReb).5 E
-(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 3.028
-(option\), then you must be careful to reconstruct the alias)5.528 F
-(database each time you change the te)117 582 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)
-157 598.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(If this step is ignored or for)117 614.4
-Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)
-273.32 614.4 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 638.4 R(Caching)2.5 E
-F1 .642(When processing the queue,)127 654.6 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642
-(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642
-(pen connections open to)405.144 654.6 R -.2(avo)102 666.6 S
-(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
-(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
-(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 682.8 R
-.287(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92
-(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 694.8 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42
-(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.892 694.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1
-3.42(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E
-(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 706.8 Q EP
-%%Page: 26 21
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1 -.8(Tw o)127
-96 T .408(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0
-(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408
-(ption de\214nes)452.202 96 R .145
-(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102 108 R
-.145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .212
-(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 120 R .212(The def)5.212 F .212
-(ault is one.)-.1 F .213(This should be set as appropriate for your)5.212 F .63
-(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102 132 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.129 E F1 .629(will use during queue runs.)3.129 F
-(Ne)102 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)132.42 144 Q
-(The)127 160.2 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.74 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E F0(K)A
-F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an)281.692 160.2 R
-2.741(yc)-.15 G .241(ached con-)460.169 160.2 R .9
-(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 172.2 R .899(When the idle time e)5.9 F
-.899(xceeds this v)-.15 F .899(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34
-(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 184.2 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G(esources)469.57
-184.2 Q(from other hosts.)102 196.2 Q(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)
--.15 G(inutes.)257.57 196.2 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87 220.2 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1
-G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 220.2 Q F1 .104
-(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 236.4 R F0(hosts)2.604 E F1
-.103(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.603 F(If)5.103 E .99
-(you are on a system that has b)102 248.4 R .99
-(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\))-.2 F
-.336(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already)102 260.4 R
-5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)347.885 260.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335
-(will consult the \214le)2.835 F F0(/etc/ser)102 272.4 Q(vice.switch)-.1 E F1
-2.5(,w)C(hich should be created.)191.04 272.4 Q F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
-(only uses tw)2.5 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)389.8 272.4 Q F0(hosts)2.5 E F1(and)
-2.5 E F0(aliases)2.5 E F1(.)A(Ho)127 288.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .908 -.4
-(r, s).15 H .108(ome systems \(such as SunOS\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05
-(ga)-.15 G .108(rdless of the setting of the).05 F 1.558(service switch entry)
-102 300.6 R 6.558(.I)-.65 G 4.058(np)196.834 300.6 S(articular)210.892 300.6 Q
-4.058(,t)-.4 G 1.558(he system routine)253.15 300.6 R F2 -.1(ge)4.058 G
-(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.558(\(3\) is used to look up host)B .461(names, and man)
-102 312.6 R 2.961(yv)-.15 G .461(endor v)180.293 312.6 R .461
-(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in /etc/hosts)-.15
-F .537(without consulting a service switch.)102 324.6 R F2(Sendmail)5.537 E F1
-(mak)3.037 E .536(es no attempt to w)-.1 F .536(ork around this problem, and)
--.1 F .27(the DNS lookup will be done an)102 336.6 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.27
-(.I)-.65 G 2.77(fy)264.36 336.6 S .271(ou do not ha)275.46 336.6 R .571 -.15
-(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .271(er con\214gured at all, such as at)-.15 F
-2.855(aU)102 348.6 S .355(UCP-only site,)116.515 348.6 R F2(sendmail)2.855 E F1
-.354
-(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to connect to the)
-2.855 F .622(name serv)102 360.6 R(er)-.15 E 5.622(.I)-.55 G 3.122(ft)161.964
-360.6 S(he)171.196 360.6 Q F0(hosts)3.122 E F1 .623
-(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)3.122 F .623
-(where in the list,)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.123 E F1 .912
-(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)102 372.6 R .912
-(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing; other)-.1 F(-)-.2 E
-(wise, it ignores the name serv)102 384.6 Q(er data.)-.15 E .672
-(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127 400.8 R
-.673(If you w)5.673 F .673(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 412.8 Q F2(must)2.5 E
-F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0
-(hosts)2.5 E F1(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 429 Q F0(Resolv)3.87 E
-(erOptions)-.1 E F1(\()3.87 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo)240.719
-429 R 1.369(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F 1.369
-(The command)6.369 F .892(line tak)102 441 R .892
-(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G(solver).37 E
-F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B(Each)5.892 E
-(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 453 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5
-('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR)142 469.2 S(esolv)158.39
-469.2 Q(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F3(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862
-(turns on the AA)102 485.4 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)
-201.658 485.4 R 1.162 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F
-3.361(ft)-.25 G .861(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 485.4 R 2.039
-(domain path\) options.)102 497.4 R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039
-(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)
--.35 F .503(\215ags on and all others of)102 509.4 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503
-(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503
-(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.972
-(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 521.4 R 4.472(fM)-.25 G
-4.473(Xm)344.188 521.4 S 1.973(atching when canonifying names,)363.661 521.4 R
-(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 533.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127
-549.6 S 2.257(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.757(l1c).15 G 2.256
-(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.301 549.6 R 2.256(AMES of)-.35 F
-4.756(fw)-.25 G 2.256(hen doing deli)424.898 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
-2.06(lookups, b)102 561.6 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
-(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06
-(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F
-.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
-573.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F
-2.812(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 573.6 Q(to do automatic name e)102 585.6 Q
-(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 585.6 Q .485
-(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 601.8 R .485(what dif)-.25 F .485
-(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .486(If the name being look)5.485 F .486(ed up)-.1 F
-.11(has at least one dot, it al)102 613.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .11
-(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .109(If that f)5.109 F .109
-(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
-(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 625.8 R .124
-(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 637.8 Q
-.789 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .489(lready been tried\).).15 F .489(This allo)5.489 F
-.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.988(om)362.81
-637.8 S .488(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.578 637.8 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25
-E 1.587(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102
-649.8 R 1.588(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .513(records o)102
-661.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.013(rM).15 G 3.013(Xr)163.816 661.8 S .513
-(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.379 661.8 R .512
-(es note of it, b)-.1 F .512(ut k)-.2 F .512(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.541(This w)
-102 673.8 R(ay)-.1 E 4.041(,i)-.65 G 4.041(fy)149.052 673.8 S 1.541(ou ha)
-161.423 673.8 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
-(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F
-(names match.)102 685.8 Q 3.454 -.8(To c)127 702 T 1.853(ompletely turn of).8 F
-4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)231.123 702 R 1.853
-(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .578
-(\(such as SunOS\) you will ha)102 714 R .878 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.078(or).15 G
-.579(ecompile with \255DN)245.406 714 R .579(AMED_BIND=0 and remo)-.35 F .879
--.15(ve \255)-.15 H .579(lresolv from).15 F EP
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-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 96 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87
-120 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772
-(Some sites mount each user')127 136.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772
-(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13 136.2 R .772
-(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .575(local access is f)102 148.2 R 3.075(ast. Ho)-.1
-F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, t).15 H .575(he result is that .forw).4
-F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.376 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.076(ns).65 G
-.576(ome cases, mail)439.248 148.2 R .216(can e)102 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 160.2 S(eli)156.948 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
-(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
-(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
-(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 172.2 Q(.)-.55 E
-(The)127 188.4 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.743 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\()2.743 E F0(J)A
-F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)224.859 188.4 R .243
-(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.243 G
-2.743(re).15 G .244(xample, the con-)436.582 188.4 R(\214g \214le line)102
-200.4 Q 2.5(OF)142 216.6 S(orw)157.13 216.6 Q(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E(ar/forw)
--.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 232.8 S .208
-(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl)
--.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 232.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
-(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.17(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102
-244.8 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E
-F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171(he user')337.014 244.8 R 3.671(sh)
--.55 G 1.171(ome directory is searched.)382.126 244.8 R(A)6.171 E(truly perv)
-102 256.8 Q(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4
-G(s, or $f.)343.07 256.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 273 R
-(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19
-(yb)-.15 G(it)498.44 273 Q(should be set\).)102 285 Q
-(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 309 R
-(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.405(On systems that ha)127 325.2 R 1.705 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
-1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F F2(statfs)3.906 E F1 1.406(\(2\) f)B
-1.406(amily \(including)-.1 F F2(statvfs)3.906 E F1(and)3.906 E F2(ustat)102
-337.2 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the que\
-ue \214lesystem using the)B F0(Min-)3.339 E(Fr)102 349.2 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1
-(\()2.553 E F0(b)A F1 2.553(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)171.916 349.2 R .053
-(there are fe)2.553 F .053
-(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F 1.355
-(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 361.2 R 1.355
-(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.354 E(in)102 373.2
-Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(Be)127 389.4
-Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejectio\
-n of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 401.4
-Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 425.4 R(Message Size)2.5 E
-F1 2.078 -.8(To a)127 441.6 T -.2(vo).6 G .478(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o)
-.15 E .478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0
-(MaxMessageSize)2.977 E F1 .477(option can be)2.977 F .692
-(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 453.6 R 3.193(yo)-.15 G
-.693(ne message.)294.176 453.6 R .693(This will be adv)5.693 F .693
-(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 465.6 Q
-(ed during message collection.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 489.6 R -.1(va)-.1 G
-(cy Flags).1 E F1(The)127 505.8 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G(cyOptions).1 E F1
-(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)235.12 505.8 R .46
-(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.94
--.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G(an)478.42 505.8 Q
-2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 505.8 Q .533(them don')102 517.8 R 3.033(tg)-.18 G
--2.15 -.25(iv e)153.996 517.8 T .533(you an)3.283 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G .534
-(xtra pri)208.496 517.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534
-(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)264.634 517.8 R .534
-(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87
-(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 529.8 R 2.87
-(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 541.8 Q .123
-(The option tak)127 558 R .124(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1
-F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.706
-558 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.058 558 S .124
-(hose \215ags.)442.792 558 R -.15(Fo)5.124 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 570 S(ample:)
-.15 E 2.5(OP)142 586.2 S(ri)157.28 586.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G
-(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO\
- command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)102 602.4 R
-(ables the EXPN command.)102 614.4 Q
-(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.1.6.)127 630.6 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)87
-654.6 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 670.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)
-3.423 E F1 .923(deletes the \(en)3.423 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923
-(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .924(ist e)375.484 670.8 R 3.424
-(xpansions. F)-.15 F .924(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232\
- sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)102
-682.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)416.705 682.8 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G
-3.261(ft)462.488 682.8 S .761(he mes-)471.859 682.8 R 2.882(sage. If)102 694.8
-R(the)2.882 E F0<ad6d>2.882 E F1 .383
-(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.882 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo)-.92 E F1
-(\()2.883 E F0(m)A F1 2.883(\)o)C .383(ption is set in the con\214guration)
-377.915 694.8 R(\214le, this beha)102 706.8 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E
-(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)305.31 706.8 S(un the)316.14 706.8 Q/F3
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5. THE)72 96 R
-(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 112.2 Q .648
-(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the c\
-on\214guration \214le is)112 128.4 R 1.076
-(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 140.4 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 1.077(ry time).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.577 E F1
-1.077(starts up, rather than)3.577 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87
-152.4 Q
-(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.)
--.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 168.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .243
-(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243
-(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102
-(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 180.6 R .102
-(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation)-.15 F
-1.323(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 192.6 R
-3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.822(laces\). Blank)340.61 192.6 R 1.322(lines and lines be)
-3.822 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87 204.6 Q F0
-2.5(5.1. R)87 228.6 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1 .465
-(The core of address parsing are the re)127 244.8 R .466(writing rules.)-.25 F
-.466(These are an ordered production system.)5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 256.8 Q F1
-.19(scans through the set of re)2.69 F .19
-(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of)-.25 F
-(the rule.)102 268.8 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the rig\
-ht hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.)5 E .921(There are se)127 285 R -.15(ve)-.25
-G .921(ral sets of re).15 F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re)
-5.921 F .922(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .36(must ha)102 297 R
-.66 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359 F .359
-(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359
-(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F
-(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 309 Q
-(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 325.2 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
-(ommands are:)229.38 325.2 Q F0(S)142 341.4 Q F2(n)A F1 .248
-(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 357.6 R F2(n)2.748 E F1 5.248
-(.I)C 2.748(fy)287.284 357.6 S .248(ou be)298.362 357.6 R .249
-(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the old)-.15 F(de\214nition.)102 369.6
-Q F0(R)142 385.8 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 1.185(The \214elds must be separat\
-ed by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)102 402 R
-2.594(\214elds. The)102 414 R F2(lhs)2.594 E F1 .095
-(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.594 F .095
-(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .095(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)2.595
-E F1(.)A(The)102 426 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E .755(Macro e)127
-442.2 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)3.255 E F2(x)A F1 .755
-(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)3.255 F(Expan-)5.755 E
-.283(sions of the form)102 454.2 R F0($&)2.783 E F2(x)A F1 .284
-(are performed at run time using a some)2.783 F .284
-(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .284(This for)5.284 F
-(is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)102 466.2
-Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 490.2
-R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 2.771(The left hand side of re)142 506.4 R 2.771
-(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.77(Normal w)7.771 F 2.77
-(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 518.4 Q 5(.M)-.65 G
-(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)199.67 518.4 Q
-(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)157 534.6 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)177.14
-534.6 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)157 546.6 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E
-F0<24ad>157 558.6 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157
-570.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)226.98 570.6 Q F2
-(x)2.5 E F0($~)157 582.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G
-(ord not in class)229.1 582.6 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .131(If an)117 598.8 R 2.631(yo)
--.15 G 2.631(ft)148.212 598.8 S .131(hese match, the)156.953 598.8 R 2.631(ya)
--.15 G .132(re assigned to the symbol)231.066 598.8 R F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A F1
-.132(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 610.8 Q F2(n)2.5
-E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)202.67 610.8 S(he LHS.)212.95 610.8
-Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)271.81 610.8 Q($\255:$+)157 627
-Q(is applied to the input:)117 643.2 Q(UCB)157 659.4 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E
-(the rule will match, and the v)117 675.6 Q(alues passed to the RHS will be:)
--.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 691.8 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 703.8 R EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Additionally)142 96 Q 2.705(,t)
--.65 G .204(he LHS can include)199.895 96 R F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204
-(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)2.704 E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.704 E F2(n)A
-F1(on)2.704 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order\
- to match the null input.)117 108 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 132 R
-(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .648(When the left hand side of a re)142 148.2 R .649
-(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.037
-(the right hand side.)117 160.2 R -.8(To)6.037 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036
-(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.536(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
-430.772 160.2 S 1.036(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117 172.2 R
-(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 188.4 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)207.55 188.4
-Q(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)157 200.4 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1
-(Canonicalize)207.55 200.4 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()157 212.4 Q F2(map k)A -.3
-(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))
-2.5 E F1(Generalized k)207.55 224.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E
-F0($>)157 236.4 Q F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)207.55 236.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0
-($#)157 248.4 Q F2(mailer)A F1(Resolv)207.55 248.4 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)244.9
-248.4 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)157 260.4 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)207.55 260.4 Q
-F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157 272.4 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)207.55 272.4 Q F2(user)2.5
-E F1(The)142 292.8 Q F0($)3.136 E F2(n)A F1 .637
-(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.136 F .637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)
-3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1
-3.137(,o)C(r)448.489 292.8 Q F0($~)3.137 E F1 .637(match on)3.137 F(the LHS.)
-117 304.8 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.706(Ah)142 321 S .206
-(ost name enclosed between)156.926 321 R F0($[)2.706 E F1(and)2.706 E F0($])
-2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F .205
-(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683
-(by the canonical name)117 335 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)211.749 331 Q F1
-6.683(.F)218.749 335 S 1.683(or e)233.342 335 R 1.683
-(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 2.707(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 347 R
-2.707(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
-(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Sendmail)7.707 E F1 2.706(recognizes it')5.206 F(s)-.55
-E(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 359 Q
-(er and replaces it with it')-.15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)424.3 359 Q
-(The)142 375.2 Q F0($\()3.003 E F1(...)3.003 E F0($\))5.503 E F1 .503
-(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an)
-3.003 F .81(implicit map.)117 387.2 R .81(If no lookup is found, the indicated)
-5.81 F F2(default)3.309 E F1 .809(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .809
-(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .775(and no lookup matches, the v)117 399.2 R .776
-(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 F(The)5.776 E F2(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1
-.776(are passed to the map for)3.276 F(possible use.)117 411.2 Q(The)142 427.4
-Q F0($>)2.62 E F2(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be su\
-bstituted as usual and then passed)2.62 F .586(as the ar)117 439.4 R .586
-(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)3.086 E F1 5.586(.T)C .586(he \214nal v)244.206
-439.4 R .586(alue of ruleset)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F1 .587
-(then becomes the substitution for this)3.087 F 3.075(rule. The)117 451.4 R F0
-($>)3.075 E F1 .575(syntax can only be used at the be)3.075 F .575
-(ginning of the right hand side; it can be only be)-.15 F(preceded by)117 463.4
-Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 479.6 Q F0($#)2.507 E F1
-.007(syntax should)2.507 F F2(only)2.507 E F1 .008
-(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.507 F .008
-(It causes)5.008 F -.25(eva)117 491.6 S .685
-(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G .684
-(nd signals to)329.502 491.6 R F2(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .684
-(that the address has)3.184 F(completely resolv)117 503.6 Q 2.5(ed. The)-.15 F
-(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 519.8 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A
-F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer)117 536 R 3.894(,h)
--.4 G 1.394(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)234.466 536 R
-6.394(.I)-.55 G 3.894(ft)444.548 536 S 1.394(he mailer is)454.552 536 R .774
-(local the host part may be omitted)117 550 R F3(14)257.744 546 Q F1 5.774(.T)
-264.744 550 S(he)279.128 550 Q F2(mailer)3.274 E F1 .775(must be a single w)
-3.274 F .775(ord, b)-.1 F .775(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)3.275 E F1(and)3.275 E F2
-(user)3.275 E F1 .253(may be multi-part.)117 562 R .253(If the)5.253 F F2
-(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F .253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.753(,t)
--.4 G(he)354.733 562 Q F2(host)2.753 E F1 .253(may be a colon-separated list)
-2.753 F .5(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 574 R .5
-(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)437.47 574 S 3
-(ecords\). The)451.02 574 R F2(user)117 586 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036
-(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .036
-(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u)2.536 E F1
-(macro.)2.536 E .492(As a special case, if the v)117 598 R .492(alue to)-.25 F
-F0($#)2.992 E F1 .492(is \231local\232 and the \214rst character of the)2.992 F
-F0($:)2.992 E F1 -.25(va)2.992 G .492(lue is \231@\232, the).25 F .017
-(\231@\232 is stripped of)117 610 R .017(f, and a \215ag is set in the address\
- descriptor that causes sendmail to not do rule-)-.25 F(set 5 processing.)117
-622 Q(Normally)142 638.2 Q 3.251(,ar)-.65 G .751
-(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)196.452 638.2
-R 3.252(ails. A)-.1 F .752(RHS may)3.252 F 1.086(also be preceded by a)117
-650.2 R F0($@)3.586 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085
-(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)375.685 650.2 Q
-F1 1.085(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.585 F .32 LW 76 659.8 72 659.8 DL 80
-659.8 76 659.8 DL 84 659.8 80 659.8 DL 88 659.8 84 659.8 DL 92 659.8 88 659.8
-DL 96 659.8 92 659.8 DL 100 659.8 96 659.8 DL 104 659.8 100 659.8 DL 108 659.8
-104 659.8 DL 112 659.8 108 659.8 DL 116 659.8 112 659.8 DL 120 659.8 116 659.8
-DL 124 659.8 120 659.8 DL 128 659.8 124 659.8 DL 132 659.8 128 659.8 DL 136
-659.8 132 659.8 DL 140 659.8 136 659.8 DL 144 659.8 140 659.8 DL 148 659.8 144
-659.8 DL 152 659.8 148 659.8 DL 156 659.8 152 659.8 DL 160 659.8 156 659.8 DL
-164 659.8 160 659.8 DL 168 659.8 164 659.8 DL 172 659.8 168 659.8 DL 176 659.8
-172 659.8 DL 180 659.8 176 659.8 DL 184 659.8 180 659.8 DL 188 659.8 184 659.8
-DL 192 659.8 188 659.8 DL 196 659.8 192 659.8 DL 200 659.8 196 659.8 DL 204
-659.8 200 659.8 DL 208 659.8 204 659.8 DL 212 659.8 208 659.8 DL 216 659.8 212
-659.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 670.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8
-/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(14)93.6 683.8 Q F5
--.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.726(um).88 G .726(ay w)120.446 687 R .726
-(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726(xtensions. F)-.12 F
-.726(or e)-.12 F .725
-(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F(part \
-is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.)
-72 696.6 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.46
-(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 96 R 3.96(alue. A)-.25 F F0
-($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F(immediately)117
-108 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)
-177.406 108 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5
-(rule. The)117 120 R(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142
-136.2 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E
-(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19
-(R$+ $:)157 152.4 R($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 168.6 R 1.256
-(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256
-(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a)3.756 F
--.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 180.6 Q 1.205(Substitution \
-occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-)142
-196.8 R .219(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are calle\
-d, and \214nally)117 208.8 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.72(,a)C
-(nd)448.64 208.8 Q F0($:)2.72 E F1 .22(are pro-)2.72 F(cessed.)117 220.8 Q F0
-2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 244.8 R(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 1.523
-(There are \214v)142 261 R 4.023(er)-.15 G -.25(ew)207.779 261 S 1.523
-(riting sets that ha).25 F 1.823 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.523(peci\214c semantics.).15
-F -.15(Fo)6.523 G 1.523(ur of these are related as).15 F
-(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 273 Q 1.029
-(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142 289.2 R
-6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.03(his form should ha)401.351 289.2 R 1.33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 301.2 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 317.4 Q
-(Ruleset three is applied by)117 333.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
-F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)396.39
-333.6 Q .302(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142
-349.8 R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .301(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801 F .577
-(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 361.8 R F0(C)3.077 E F1 .577
-(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.077 F F2
-(sending)117 373.8 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ru\
-leset three to addresses that are going to actually specify)142 390 R 3.663
-(recipients. It)117 402 R 1.163(must resolv)3.663 F 3.663(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa)
-232.602 402 S F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164(ost, user})289.534 402 R F1
-3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1 1.164(must be de\214ned in the)
-3.664 F .752(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 414 R
-(The)5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h)3.251
-E F1 .751(macro for use in)3.251 F(the ar)117 426 Q(gv e)-.18 E
-(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .452(Rulesets one and tw)
-142 442.2 R 2.952(oa)-.1 G .452
-(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)235.918 442.2 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.453(.T)-.65 G(he)489.71 442.2 Q(y)-.15 E
-(are applied before an)117 454.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)212.37 454.2 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15
-G(ust ne)391.1 454.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)432.91 454.2 Q(e.)-.15
-E .4 LW 77 483.6 72 483.6 DL 79 483.6 74 483.6 DL 84 483.6 79 483.6 DL 89 483.6
-84 483.6 DL 94 483.6 89 483.6 DL 99 483.6 94 483.6 DL 104 483.6 99 483.6 DL 109
-483.6 104 483.6 DL 114 483.6 109 483.6 DL 119 483.6 114 483.6 DL 124 483.6 119
-483.6 DL 129 483.6 124 483.6 DL 134 483.6 129 483.6 DL 139 483.6 134 483.6 DL
-144 483.6 139 483.6 DL 149 483.6 144 483.6 DL 154 483.6 149 483.6 DL 159 483.6
-154 483.6 DL 164 483.6 159 483.6 DL 169 483.6 164 483.6 DL 174 483.6 169 483.6
-DL 179 483.6 174 483.6 DL 184 483.6 179 483.6 DL 189 483.6 184 483.6 DL 194
-483.6 189 483.6 DL 199 483.6 194 483.6 DL 204 483.6 199 483.6 DL 209 483.6 204
-483.6 DL 214 483.6 209 483.6 DL 219 483.6 214 483.6 DL 224 483.6 219 483.6 DL
-229 483.6 224 483.6 DL 234 483.6 229 483.6 DL 239 483.6 234 483.6 DL 244 483.6
-239 483.6 DL 249 483.6 244 483.6 DL 254 483.6 249 483.6 DL 259 483.6 254 483.6
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-(ailer)237.69 648 Q(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.266
-(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 96 R 1.265
-(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 108 Q
-(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.4. IPC)102 132 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 1.332
-(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 148.2 R 1.333
-(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.179
-(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 160.2 R 1.179(ath in the)
--.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F 1.178
-(The host name passed)6.178 F .168(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117 172.2 R .168
-(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli)
--.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 184.2 Q(The host name can also be pro)142 200.4
-Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E(xample:)-.15 E
-([128.32.149.78])157 216.6 Q(This causes direct con)117 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The h\
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-hosts.)142 249 R(Each)5.213 E .484(is separately MX e)117 261 R .484
-(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.985(e\()-.1 G .485
-(essentially\) one long MX)401.165 261 R 3.465(list. The)117 273 R .964
-(intent here is to create \231f)3.465 F(ak)-.1 E .964
-(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-(te).25 E(internal netw)117 285 Q(orks.)-.1 E
-(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142 301.2 Q
-(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 317.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G
-(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .312(This form a)117 333.6 R
--.2(vo)-.2 G .312(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)5.312 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF .313(This is intended only for situations wher)2.812 F 2.813
-(ey)-.37 G .313(ou have a)464.494 333.6 R .338(network \214r)117 345.6 R -.15
-(ew)-.37 G .337(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337
-(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 357.6 S(cor).37
-E 3.958(dp)-.37 G 1.458(oints to a gate)151.878 357.6 R 1.458(way mac)-.15 F
-1.458(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.459(hine could then do dir)-.15 F 1.459
-(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09(within your local domain.)117
-369.6 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F 2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)306.8 369.6 Q .09
-(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F(not be used lightly)
-117 381.6 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 405.6 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr)
-136.44 405.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .081
-(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 421.8 R .082
-(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .082(Single character names)5.082 F .45
-(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 433.8 R .45(ut user)-.2 F .45
-(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446
-(of upper case letters only)102 445.8 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)217.72 445.8 S
-.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446(.L)
--.65 G .446(ong names)460.504 445.8 R(be)102 457.8 Q .913(ginning with a lo)
--.15 F .913(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .912
-(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 469.8 Q
-(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E(gin with an upper case letter)-.15
-E(.)-.55 E(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 486 Q F0(D)142 502.2 Q F2
-1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 518.4 Q F2(x)3.068 E F1 .568
-(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.068 F .569
-(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.069 E F1(is)3.069 E .479(the v)102 530.4 R
-.479(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.479(.T).15 G .478
-(here should be no spaces gi)212.395 530.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G .478
-(hat do not actually belong in the macro)344.284 530.4 R -.25(va)102 542.4 S
-(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127 558.6 R F0($)
-2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)327.638 558.6 Q F2(x)2.994 E F1 .494
-(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.933(polated. This)102
-570.6 R .433(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)
-2.933 F .432(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.932 E F1 2.932(lines. The)2.932 F(spe-)
-2.932 E(cial construct)102 582.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E
-F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
-(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 598.8 Q($?x te)142 615 Q
-(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.127(This interpolates)102 631.2 R F2(te)3.627
-E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.127(if the macro)3.627 F F0($x)3.627 E F1 1.128(is set, and)
-3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.628(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.128
-(\231else\232 \()3.628 F F0($|)A F1 3.628(\)c)C 1.128(lause may be)449.534
-631.2 R(omitted.)102 643.2 Q(Lo)127 659.4 Q .58
-(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
-.58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F 1.56(or out of)102
-671.4 R F2(sendmail)4.06 E F1 4.06(,a)C 1.561(nd special characters are reserv)
-190.73 671.4 R 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.561(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F
-1.561(Upper case)6.561 F(names \(that is,)102 683.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)
-2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)232.82 683.4 Q
-(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E 1.303(The follo)127 699.6 R
-1.303(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
-3.802 E F1 1.302(for interpolation into)3.802 F EP
-%%Page: 32 27
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ar)102 98 Q(gv')
--.18 E 2.792(sf)-.55 G .292(or mailers or for other conte)132.382 98 R 2.793
-(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .293
-(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)
-494.5 94 Q F1(,)501.5 98 Q .036(the ones mark)102 110 R .036
-(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark)-.1
-F .035(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 122 Q
-(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G(hese macros are:)354.45
-122 Q 13.06($a The)102 138.2 R(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E
-(This is e)5 E(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 154.4 R
-(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 170.6 R .002
-(hop count.)2.502 F .002(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.002 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .003(d: lines plus the v).15 F .003(alue of the)-.25 F F0<ad68>2.503
-E F1(com-)2.503 E(mand line \215ag.)127 182.6 Q 12.5($d The)102 198.8 R
-(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 215 R
-1.814(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814
-(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008
-(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 227 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008 F 2.008
-(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.009(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F
-2.732(RFC821. Def)127 239 R .232(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)
--.1 F .231(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.231 F(\214guration v)127
-251 Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G
-(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)239.77 251 Q 14.17($f The)102 267.2
-R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5($g The)102
-283.4 R .017(sender address relati)2.517 F .317 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.517(ot).15 G
-.017(he recipient.)251.375 283.4 R -.15(Fo)5.017 G 2.517(re).15 G .018
-(xample, if)326.386 283.4 R F0($f)2.518 E F1 .018(is \231foo\232,)2.518 F F0
-($g)2.518 E F1 .018(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.518 F
-(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127 295.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5
-(sa)264.95 295.4 S(ppropriate for the recei)275.78 295.4 Q(ving mailer)-.25 E
-(.)-.55 E 12.5($h The)102 311.6 R(recipient host.)2.5 E
-(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $# \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E 14.72
-($i The)102 327.8 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72($j\210 The)102
-344 R(\231of)2.747 E .247(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247
-(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F 3.093
-(found. It)127 356 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)3.093 E F1 .594(be rede\214n\
-ed to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-)3.093 F
-(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127 368 Q(.)-.65 E
-12.5($k The)102 384.2 R(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E
-9.72($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 400.4 R 1.282(use UnixFromLine option instead.\))
-3.782 F 1.282(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.281 E 1.409
-(you ha)127 412.4 R 1.709 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409
-(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F 1.41
-(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 424.4 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72($m The)102 440.6
-R .719(domain part of the)3.219 F F3 -.1(ge)3.219 G(thostname).1 E F1 .718
-(return v)3.219 F 3.218(alue. Under)-.25 F .718(normal circumstances,)3.218 F
-F0($j)3.218 E F1 .718(is equi)3.218 F(v-)-.25 E(alent to)127 452.6 Q F0($w)2.5
-E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A 7.5($n\207 The)102 468.8 R
-(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E
-(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102 485 R
-.65(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.15 F .651
-(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.151(Al)5.651 G .651
-(ist of)483.069 485 R .582(characters which will be considered tok)127 497 R
-.581(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .581(ens when doing pars-)-.1 F
-3.277(ing. F)127 509 R .777(or e)-.15 F .777(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)
--.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .778(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .778
-(ould be scanned as)-.1 F .628(three tok)127 521 R .628(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.128
-<9a99>-.7 G(@,)204.724 521 Q 3.128<9a61>-.7 G .628(nd \231b)227.742 521 R 4.527
--.7(.\232 D)-.4 H(ef).7 E .627
-(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F .856(do R\
-FC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds supp\
-ort for UUCP)127 533 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 545 Q
-12.5($p Sendmail')102 561.2 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)178.95 561.2 Q 7.5
-($q\207 Def)102 577.4 R .404(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The)5.404 E
-F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25 G 2.903(na)
-388.955 577.4 S .403(ddress should appear in a)401.298 577.4 R 1.18
-(message when it is def)127 589.4 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181
-(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.181(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x)
-6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 601.4 Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>186.52 601.4 S
-($g$?x \($x\)$.)196.79 601.4 Q(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw)
--.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(ormats:)403.21 601.4 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 617.6
-Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 629.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65
-(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F3(Sendmail)127 645.8 Q F1
-(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
-(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol)102 662
-R .977(used to recei)3.477 F 1.277 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976(he message.).15 F .976
-(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .976
-(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 674 Q(er code.)-.15 E .32
-LW 76 688.4 72 688.4 DL 80 688.4 76 688.4 DL 84 688.4 80 688.4 DL 88 688.4 84
-688.4 DL 92 688.4 88 688.4 DL 96 688.4 92 688.4 DL 100 688.4 96 688.4 DL 104
-688.4 100 688.4 DL 108 688.4 104 688.4 DL 112 688.4 108 688.4 DL 116 688.4 112
-688.4 DL 120 688.4 116 688.4 DL 124 688.4 120 688.4 DL 128 688.4 124 688.4 DL
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-140 688.4 DL 148 688.4 144 688.4 DL 152 688.4 148 688.4 DL 156 688.4 152 688.4
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-688.4 168 688.4 DL 176 688.4 172 688.4 DL 180 688.4 176 688.4 DL 184 688.4 180
-688.4 DL 188 688.4 184 688.4 DL 192 688.4 188 688.4 DL 196 688.4 192 688.4 DL
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-208 688.4 DL 216 688.4 212 688.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6 698.8 Q/F5 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24
--.12(ve r)-.16 H(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E
-(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)424.728 702 S(e\214ned.)
-434.28 702 Q EP
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-(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.61($s Sender')102 96 R 2.5(sh)
--.55 G(ost name.)168.94 96 Q(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1
-(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72($t A)102
-112.2 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5($u The)102 128.4
-R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 144.6 R -.15(ve)2.5 G
-(rsion number of the).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5
-E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 160.8 R(hostname of this site.)2.5 E
-(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G
-(or ca)432.64 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E 12.5($x The)102 177 R
-(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06($z The)102 193.2 R
-(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The)102 209.4 R -.25(va)2.5 G
-(lidated sender address.).25 E .749
-(There are three types of dates that can be used.)127 225.6 R(The)5.749 E F0
-($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1 .749(macros are in RFC 822 for)
-3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 237.6 Q F0($a)3.214 E F1 .714(is the time as e)3.214 F
-.713(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F
-.713(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.213 E F1(is)3.213 E .056
-(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 249.6 R .057
-(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.056 F F0($a)102
-261.6 Q F1 .305(is set to the current time also.)2.805 F(The)5.305 E F0($d)
-2.805 E F1 .304(macro is equi)2.805 F -.25(va)-.25 G .304(lent to the).25 F F0
-($b)2.804 E F1 .304(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for)2.804 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 273.6
-Q .238(The macros)127 289.8 R F0($w)2.738 E F1(,)A F0($j)2.738 E F1 2.738(,a)C
-(nd)212.372 289.8 Q F0($m)2.738 E F1 .238
-(are set to the identity of this host.)2.738 F F2(Sendmail)5.239 E F1 .239
-(tries to \214nd the fully)2.739 F .335
-(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)102
-301.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.834 G(thostname).1 E F1 .334(\(2\) to get the current)B
-.457(hostname and then passing that to)102 313.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G
-(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B
-(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .279(sion of that host name.)102 327.8 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
-SF(16)193.946 323.8 Q F1 .279(Assuming this is successful,)203.725 327.8 R F0
-($j)2.778 E F1 .278(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m)
-2.778 E F1(is)2.778 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 339.8 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w)
-3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 351.8 S .359
-(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15
-F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H -2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)345
-351.8 S .358(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)356.188 351.8 R .404
-(is set to the same v)102 363.8 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1 5.405
-(.I)C 2.905(ft)229.965 363.8 S .405
-(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)238.98 363.8 R .705 -.15
-(ve t)-.25 H .405(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 377.8 Q F0($j)2.5 E F1
-(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(17)279.77 373.8 Q F1(.)286.77
-377.8 Q(The)127 394 Q F0($f)2.833 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as o\
-riginally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host)2.833 F(the)102 406 Q
-F0($g)3.224 E F1 .724(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.224 F F2 -.37
-(re)3.225 G .725(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.725 G
-3.225(re).15 G .725(xample, if I send to)423.61 406 R
-(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102 418 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .425
-(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F F0($f)2.924 E F1(macro)2.924 E
-(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 430 Q F0($g)2.5 E F1
-(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
-(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 446.2 Q F0($x)2.562 E F1 .062
-(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.562 F 5.062(.T)-.55 G .062
-(his can be determined in se)338.824 446.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .063(ral w).15 F
-2.563(ays. It)-.1 F .63(can be passed as \215ag to)102 458.2 R F2(sendmail)3.13
-E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)249.439 458.2 S .629(an be de\214ned in the)259.788
-458.2 R/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.129 G(ME).315 E F1(en)3.129 E .629
-(vironment v)-.4 F 3.129(ariable. The)-.25 F(third)3.129 E .948
-(choice is the v)102 470.2 R .948
-(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .949
-(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526
-(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 482.2 R .526(If all of these f)
-5.526 F .526(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E
-(the full name is look)102 494.2 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5 E F1
-(\214le.)2.5 E 1.32(When sending, the)127 510.4 R F0($h)3.82 E F1(,)A F0($u)
-3.82 E F1 3.82(,a)C(nd)246.37 510.4 Q F0($z)3.82 E F1 1.321
-(macros get set to the host, user)3.82 F 3.821(,a)-.4 G 1.321
-(nd home directory \(if)414.777 510.4 R .517(local\) of the recipient.)102
-522.4 R .517(The \214rst tw)5.517 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)256.878
-522.4 R F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .516(part of the re)3.016
-F .516(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 534.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)
--.65 E(The)127 550.6 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1 1.306(mac\
-ros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214\
-eld\).)3.806 F(The)102 562.6 Q F0($i)3.252 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue\
- id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e)3.252 F(xtremely)
--.15 E .164(useful for tracking messages.)102 574.6 R(The)5.164 E F0($v)2.664 E
-F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.664 F .165(ersion number of)-.15 F F2
-(sendmail)2.665 E F1 2.665(;t)C .165(his is nor)463.87 574.6 R(-)-.2 E
-(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)102 586.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ne).15
-G(xtremely useful for deb)289.31 586.6 Q(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 602.8 Q F0($c)
-3.548 E F1 1.048(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.548 F 3.548<9a69>-.7 G
-1.048(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)290.162 602.8 R 2.856
-(cessed. This)102 614.8 R .356(can be determined by the)2.856 F F0<ad68>2.856 E
-F1 .357(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.856 F
-(in the message.)102 626.8 Q(The)127 643 Q F0($r)2.833 E F1(and)2.833 E F0($s)
-2.833 E F1 .333(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833
-F F2(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .194(ing hostname.)102 655
-R(The)5.194 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the)191.032 655 R
-F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0
-<ad4d>2.695 E F1(or)102 667 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 676.6
-72 676.6 DL 80 676.6 76 676.6 DL 84 676.6 80 676.6 DL 88 676.6 84 676.6 DL 92
-676.6 88 676.6 DL 96 676.6 92 676.6 DL 100 676.6 96 676.6 DL 104 676.6 100
-676.6 DL 108 676.6 104 676.6 DL 112 676.6 108 676.6 DL 116 676.6 112 676.6 DL
-120 676.6 116 676.6 DL 124 676.6 120 676.6 DL 128 676.6 124 676.6 DL 132 676.6
-128 676.6 DL 136 676.6 132 676.6 DL 140 676.6 136 676.6 DL 144 676.6 140 676.6
-DL 148 676.6 144 676.6 DL 152 676.6 148 676.6 DL 156 676.6 152 676.6 DL 160
-676.6 156 676.6 DL 164 676.6 160 676.6 DL 168 676.6 164 676.6 DL 172 676.6 168
-676.6 DL 176 676.6 172 676.6 DL 180 676.6 176 676.6 DL 184 676.6 180 676.6 DL
-188 676.6 184 676.6 DL 192 676.6 188 676.6 DL 196 676.6 192 676.6 DL 200 676.6
-196 676.6 DL 204 676.6 200 676.6 DL 208 676.6 204 676.6 DL 212 676.6 208 676.6
-DL 216 676.6 212 676.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 687 Q/F6 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G(xample, on some systems)115.024
-690.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G(thostname).08 E F6
-(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E
-(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(17)93.6 700.6 Q
-F6(Older v)3.2 I(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)
-211.88 703.8 Q/F8 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6
-(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E F7(always)2 E F6
-(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP
-%%Page: 34 29
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0
-($_)2.967 E F1 .467(is set to a v)2.967 F .467(alidated sender host name.)-.25
-F .466(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .384
-(ant IDENT serv)102 108 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.884(rh)
-.15 G .384(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name)
-249.254 108 R(on that host.)102 120 Q F0 2.5(5.3. C)87 144 R
-(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .66
-(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)127
-160.2 R .659(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .192(\231phrase\232 is a sequence o\
-f characters that do not contain space characters.)102 172.2 R -.15(Fo)5.192 G
-2.692(re).15 G .192(xample a class of all)421.582 172.2 R 1.428(local names fo\
-r this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be elimin\
-ated.)102 184.2 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214gu\
-ration \214le or read in from another \214le.)102 196.2 R .041(Classes are)
-5.041 F .649(named as a single letter or a w)102 208.2 R .649(ord in {braces}.)
--.1 F .649(Class names be)5.649 F .649(ginning with lo)-.15 F .648
-(wer case letters and)-.25 F .638(special characters are reserv)102 220.2 R
-.638(ed for system use.)-.15 F .639
-(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.139
-(nn).15 G(ames)483.45 220.2 Q 1.05
-(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 232.2 R 1.05
-(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F(names.)102 244.2 Q
-(The syntax is:)127 260.4 Q F0(C)142 276.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(cp)C
-(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 288.6 Q F2 1.666<638c>C
-(le)-1.666 E F1 .661(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 304.8 R F2(c)
-3.161 E F1 .661(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)300.1 304.8 S .661
-(he named w)309.371 304.8 R 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661
-(is permissible to split them)3.161 F(among multiple lines; for e)102 316.8 Q
-(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)280.07 316.8 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)142
-333 Q(and)102 349.2 Q(CHmonet)142 365.4 Q(CHucbmonet)142 377.4 Q(are equi)102
-393.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G
-(orm reads the elements of the class)206.65 393.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F1
-(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339
-(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 409.8 R F0($=)3.839 E
-F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)392.048 409.8 Q F0($~)3.839 E F1
-1.338(\(match entries not in)3.839 F(class\) only matches a single w)102 421.8
-Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E
-(xt.)-.15 E 1.098(The class)127 438 R F0($=w)3.598 E F1 1.098
-(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.598 F 1.098(wn by)-.25 F
-6.098(.T)-.65 G 1.098(his can be used to)428.506 438 R(match local hostnames.)
-102 450 Q(The class)127 466.2 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1(is set to be the same as)2.5 E
-F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)297.69 466.2 Q(The class)
-127 482.4 Q F0($=m)2.5 E F1
-(is set to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E
-(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A .239(The class)127 498.6 R F0
-($=t)2.739 E F1 .239(is set to the set of trusted users by the)2.739 F F0(T)
-2.739 E F1 .239(con\214guration line.)2.739 F .239(If you w)5.239 F .239
-(ant to read)-.1 F(trusted users from a \214le use)102 510.6 Q F0(Ft)2.5 E F2
-(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A .635(The class)127 526.8 R F0($=n)3.135 E F1 .635
-(can be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.135 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.136(rb).15 G 3.136(ee)426.306 526.8 S .636(ight to se)438.322 526.8 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.136(nb).15 G(it)498.44 526.8 Q 2.76(encoded. It)102 538.8 R(def)
-2.76 E .26(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F .26
-(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)5.26 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G(r).15 E .942(encoded directly)102 550.8 R 5.942(.M)-.65 G .943
-(ultipart messages are al)185.994 550.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .943(ys handled recursi)
-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.943(.T)-.65 G .943(he handling of message/*)
-399.241 550.8 R .658(messages are controlled by class)102 562.8 R F0($=s)3.158
-E F1 5.658(.T)C .657(he class)266.618 562.8 R F0($=e)3.157 E F1 .657
-(contains the Content-T)3.157 F(ransfer)-.35 E .657(-Encodings that)-.2 F .007
-(can be 8)102 574.8 R/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.507(7b)C .007(it encoded.)
-157.711 574.8 R .007
-(It is prede\214ned to contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.)
-5.007 F .007(The class)5.007 F F0($=s)2.507 E F1(con-)2.508 E 1.52
-(tains the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)102 586.8 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.52(.B)-.65 G 4.02(yd)398.58 586.8 S(ef)412.6 586.8 Q
-1.52(ault it contains only)-.1 F 3.213(\231rfc822\232. Other)102 598.8 R .713
-(\231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)3.213 F F3<ae>A F1 3.214(7b)C .714
-(it encoded.)319.862 598.8 R .714(If a message containing eight bit)5.714 F
-1.714(data is sent to a se)102 610.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.214(nb).15 G 1.714
-(it host, and that message cannot be encoded into se)206.314 610.8 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G 4.213(nb).15 G 1.713(its, it will be)448.851 610.8 R
-(stripped to 7 bits.)102 622.8 Q F2(Sendmail)127 639 Q F1 .182
-(can be compiled to allo)2.682 F 2.682(wa)-.25 G F2(scanf)A F1 .182
-(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.683(line. This)2.683 F .183
-(lets you do simplistic)2.683 F .555(parsing of te)102 651 R .555(xt \214les.)
--.15 F -.15(Fo)5.555 G 3.055(re).15 G .554
-(xample, to read all the user names in your system)209.595 651 R F2
-(/etc/passwd)3.054 E F1 .554(\214le into a)3.054 F(class, use)102 663 Q
-(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 679.2 Q(which reads e)102 695.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E EP
-%%Page: 35 30
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.4. M)87 96 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)138.66
-96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Programs and interf)127 112.2 Q
-(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)142
-128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)182.9 128.4 Q F1
-(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 144.6 Q F2(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is th\
-e name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pai\
-rs de\214ne)4.244 F(attrib)102 156.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G
-(ields are:)205.13 156.6 Q -.15(Pa)142 172.8 S 51.87(th The).15 F
-(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)142 184.8 R
-(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)142 196.8 R
-(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient Re)142 208.8 R
-(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)142 220.8 Q 49.13(gv An)
--.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61
-(Eol The)142 232.8 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62
-(Maxsize The)142 244.8 R(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27
-(Linelimit The)142 256.8 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18
-(Directory The)142 268.8 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E
-42.84(Userid The)142 280.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E
-50.62(Nice The)142 292.8 R(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95
-(Charset The)142 304.8 R(def)2.5 E(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1
-E -.8(Ty)142 316.8 S 49.75(pe The).8 F
-(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E
-(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 333 Q(ed.)-.1 E
-.397(The follo)127 349.2 R .396
-(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E 2.896(yo)
--.15 G .396(ther \215ags may be used freely)386.77 349.2 R .075
-(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)
-102 361.2 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.193
-(not interpreted by the)102 373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.693 E F1 1.193
-(binary; these are the con)3.693 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.192
-(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .737(portion of the)102 385.2
-R F0(H)3.237 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.237 F(mark)3.237 E .737
-(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than)-.1 F
-(the usual recipient mailers.)102 397.2 Q 15.56(aR)102 413.4 S .987(un Extende\
-d SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1651, 1652, and 1653\).)128.67
-413.4 R .986(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 425.4 Q
-(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E(ord \231ESMTP\232.)
--.1 E 12.78(AL)102 441.6 S .762
-(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)128.11 441.6 R .763
-(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 453.6 Q 15(bF)102
-469.8 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)127.41 469.8 R .456
-(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F(er)-.15 E(-)
--.2 E .361(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b)122 481.8 R .362
-(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.862(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)
-2.862 G .362(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E(mally be used on netw)122 493.8 Q
-(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 510 S 2.663(on)129.22 510 S .163
-(ot include comments in addresses.)141.883 510 R .163
-(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663(ow).15 G
-.163(ork around a)453.135 510 R 1.846
-(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 522 R 1.846
-(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F
-(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 534 Q
-(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 550.2 R .214(mail is)
-2.714 F F2 -.37(re)2.714 G(ceived).37 E F1 .213
-(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213
-(ddresses in the header that do not ha)348.169 550.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .97
-(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 562.2 R .97
-(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97
-(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 574.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E
-(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 590.4 Q -.8(To)
-162 602.4 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)182.59 602.4 Q(to be re)122 618.6 Q
-(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 634.8 Q -.8(To)162 646.8 S 2.5(:u).8
-G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)182.59 646.8 Q(automatically)122 663 Q 5(.H)-.65 G
--.25(ow)190.51 663 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td).4 G(oesn')
-236.95 663 Q 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)267.04 663 Q(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
-5.28(D\207 This)102 679.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)
--.1 E 15.56(eT)102 695.4 S .174(his mailer is e)128.11 695.4 R(xpensi)-.15 E
-.474 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.674(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)237.03 695.4 R
--.2(vo)-.2 G .173(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.673(yn)-.15 G .173
-(ecessary con-)449.687 695.4 R(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 707.4
-Q EP
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-%%BeginPageSetup
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.89(EE)102 96
-S(scape lines be)128.11 96 Q
-(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)102
-112.2 S .19(he mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(fr)2.69 E(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19
-(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F .19(ork forw)-.1 F .19
-(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)122 124.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)175.76 124.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).).15 E
-6.94(F\207 This)102 140.4 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)
--.1 E 15(gN)102 156.6 S(ormally)129.22 156.6 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.893 E F1
-2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)
-4.893 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 168.6 R(Ho)6.327 E
-(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327(ome mailers don').4 F
-3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.328(ccept a null return)427.537 168.6 R 3.311(address. If)122
-180.6 R(necessary)3.311 E 3.311(,y)-.65 G .811(ou can set the)219.303 180.6 R
-F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)
-3.31 E F1 .81(from obe)3.31 F .81(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57
-(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 192.6 R 1.57
-(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)425.76 192.6 R 1.57
-(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 204.6 Q 15(hU)102 220.8 S
-(pper case should be preserv)129.22 220.8 Q(ed in host names for this mailer)
--.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)102 237 S .475
-(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)128.11 237 R F2(sendmail)2.974 E
-F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.974(ss)370.066 237 S .474
-(uch it can use special protocol)380.82 237 R 3.632(features. This)122 249 R
-1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmissio\
-n will still)3.632 F(operate successfully)122 261 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
-(lthough perhaps not as ef)211.6 261 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E 15(kN)
-102 277.2 S 1.03(ormally when)129.22 277.2 R F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.03
-(connects to a host via SMTP)3.53 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)356.257 277.2 S
-1.029(hecks to mak)367.006 277.2 R 3.529(es)-.1 G 1.029(ure that this isn')
-433.593 277.2 R(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if)
-122 289.2 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul)
-3.062 F(netw)122 301.2 Q 1.074(ork interf)-.1 F 1.074
-(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.073
-(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.073(It should)6.073 F
-(only be used under v)122 313.2 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E 12.78(KC)
-102 329.4 S(urrently unimplemented.)128.67 329.4 Q(Reserv)5 E(ed for chunking.)
--.15 E 17.22(lT)102 345.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)128.11
-345.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 361.8 S .819
-(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)128.11 361.8 R .82
-(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 373.8 Q F0(L=)2.5
-E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the)
-245.04 373.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
-2.5 E 12.22(mT)102 390 S .464
-(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
-128.11 390 R .463(When a)5.463 F F0($u)2.963 E F1(macro)2.963 E .731
-(occurs in the)122 402 R F2(ar)3.231 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .732(part of the mailer de\
-\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all)3.231 F
-(qualifying users.)122 414 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 430.2 R(mailer w)2.5 E
-(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102 446.4 S 2.5(on)129.22
-446.4 S(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)
-141.72 446.4 Q 15(oA)102 462.6 S -.1(lwa)129.22 462.6 S .816(ys run as the o).1
-F .816(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail)3.316
-E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198
-(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 474.6 R 2.698(,t)
--.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)321.576 474.6 R F0(u)2.698 E F1 .198
-(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .981(ering netw)122 486.6 R .981
-(ork mail.)-.1 F .981(The normal beha)5.981 F .981
-(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122 498.6 Q
-2.52(wt)-.25 G .02(he en)149.27 498.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .021
-(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.).15 F
-.021(This \215ag is)5.021 F(ignored if the)122 510.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1
-(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 526.8 S .498(se the route-addr style re)129.22
-526.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .498(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .497
-(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385
-(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)122
-538.8 R 2.886(yh)-.15 G .386(osts do not process)427.012 538.8 R(re)122 550.8 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)224.81
-550.8 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E 6.94
-(P\207 This)102 567 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E(ath:\232 line.)
--.15 E 16.67(rS)102 583.2 S(ame as)127.56 583.2 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C
-(ut sends a)170.68 583.2 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)102 599.4 S
-(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)127.56 599.4 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)
-266.07 599.4 S(he address before calling the mailer)274.68 599.4 Q(.)-.55 E
-14.44(SD)102 615.6 S(on')129.22 615.6 Q 3.332(tr)-.18 G .832
-(eset the userid before calling the mailer)151.812 615.6 R 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831
-(his w)328.433 615.6 R .831(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E
-(where)122 627.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.317 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817
-(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817
-(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .818(\214eld is)
-3.317 F .974(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 639.6 R
--.1(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea)122
-651.6 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 667.8 S(pper case should be preserv)
-129.22 667.8 Q(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)102
-684 S(his mailer w)128.11 684 Q(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ug\
-ly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.)-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 700.2 S .565
-(he user must ha)128.11 700.2 R .865 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .566
-(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .566
-(If not, the)5.566 F(mail is bounced.)122 712.2 Q
-(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E EP
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-%%BeginPageSetup
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 7.5(x\207 This)102 96 R(mailer w)
-2.5 E(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 112.2 S .972
-(his mailer w)128.11 112.2 R .972
-(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F
-3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)475.678 112.2 T(ine).15 E(be)122 124.2 Q .796
-(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.096 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.296(ne).15 G .797
-(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)267.742 124.2 R(This)
-5.797 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate \
-the message prematurely)122 136.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(5I)102 152.4 S 2.717(fn)125.33
-152.4 S 2.717(oa)136.377 152.4 S .217(liases are found for this address, pass \
-the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate)148.534 152.4 R 2.5
-(resolution. This)122 164.4 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E
-(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E 15(7S)
-102 180.6 S 1.14(trip all output to se)127.56 180.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.64(nb)
-.15 G 3.64(its. This)230.36 180.6 R 1.14(is the def)3.64 F 1.141(ault if the)
--.1 F F0(L)3.641 E F1 1.141(\215ag is set.)3.641 F 1.141
-(Note that clearing this)6.141 F .295(option is not suf)122 192.6 R .295
-(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)423.635 192.6 S(he)
-432.54 192.6 Q F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295(option is set,)2.795 F .716
-(this is essentially al)122 204.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .717
-(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .717
-(Note that this option)5.717 F(will only impact messages that didn')122 216.6 Q
-2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)279.04 216.6 T(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5
-(7b)C(it MIME con)322.44 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I)
-102 232.8 S 3.783(fs)125.33 232.8 S 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight b\
-it data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8)136.333 232.8 R F3<ae>A F1
-3.782(7b)C(it)498.44 232.8 Q(MIME con)122 244.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 17.22(:C)102 261 S .982
-(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 261 R 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)255.492 261
-S .982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G .982(o, con)361.33
-261 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .982(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F(mailer)122 273
-Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C)102 289.2 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 289.2 Q 2.5
-(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 289.2 S(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G
-(o, con)343.51 289.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E
-(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102 305.4 S(heck addresses to see if the)128.67 305.4 Q 2.5
-(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)249.6 305.4 S(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G
-(o, con)344.29 305.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15
-E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102 321.6 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)128.11
-321.6 Q .268(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.768(l6a).15 G .268(ssume the `)271.538 337.8 R -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G
-.268(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)334.862 337.8 R
-(mailer named \231local\232.)102 349.8 Q .306(The mailer with the special name\
- \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)127 366 R 5.306(.T)-.55 G
-.306(he \(optional\))452.314 366 R .324(host \214eld is an e)102 378 R .323
-(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
--.15 F .323(The e)5.323 F .323(xit sta-)-.15 F .891
-(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 390 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F .891
-(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.391(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)409.869 390 S -1.35(VA)-1 G
-.891(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 402 S 1.573(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F 1.573
-(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.573
-(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.572(xit code.)-.15 F
--.15(Fo)6.572 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 414 S(ample, the entry:).15 E
-($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 430.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .145(on \
-the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \
-\231Host unkno)102 446.4 R .146(wn\232 e)-.25 F .146(xit sta-)-.15 F
-(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 458.4 Q
-(This mailer is only functional in rulesets zero or \214v)5 E(e.)-.15 E .468
-(The mailer named \231local\232)127 474.6 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468
-(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F
-.468(This is used to deli)5.468 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25
-(local mail, and is treated specially in se)102 486.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25
-(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 2.75(,t)-.65 G .25
-(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)369.43 486.6 R .942
-(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)102
-498.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and).15 F
-(:include: lists respecti)102 510.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)
-219 510.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)240.79 510.6 Q(ault to:)-.1 E
-(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)142 526.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)142 538.8
-Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)142 550.8 Q
-(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E .615(The Sender and Recipient re)127 571.2 R
-.615(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F 3.116
-(oi)-.1 G(ds)495.11 571.2 Q .576(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)
-102 583.2 R .575(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .575
-(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 595.2 Q .196
-(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)127
-611.4 R 5.197(.F)-.65 G .197(or e)413.019 611.4 R .197(xample, the de\214ni-)
--.15 F .104(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 623.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.104(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104
-(ome directory; if that is not a)315.196 623.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .103
-(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 635.4 S .816
-(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816
-(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F 3.317(,s)
--.4 G(ince)487.34 635.4 Q .368(some shells \(such as)102 647.4 R F2(csh)2.868 E
-F1 2.868(\)r)C .368(efuse to e)210.21 647.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .368(cute if the)
-.15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .367(annot read the home directory)311.29 647.4 R 5.367
-(.S)-.65 G .367(ince the queue)445.506 647.4 R
-(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102 659.4 Q(vile)-.25 E(ged users)
--.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E(ail.)-.1 E 1.862
-(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 675.6 R 1.863
-(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.863(rriding the).15
-F F0(DefaultUser)4.363 E F1 .287(option \(q.v)102 687.6 R 2.787(.\). If)-.65 F
-(the)2.787 E F0(S)2.787 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is t\
-he user and group to run as in all circum-)2.787 F 2.587(stances. This)102
-699.6 R .088(may be gi)2.587 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)219.518 699.6 Q
-F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088
-(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger)-.15 E
-.541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 711.6 R .541(ed up in the)-.1 F F2
-(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541
-(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041(fo)
-432.657 711.6 S .541(nly a symbolic)444.028 711.6 R
-(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 723.6 Q F2(passwd)2.5 E F1
-(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .545
-(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545
-(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .466
-(in the Content-T)102 108 R .466(ype: header)-.8 F 5.466(.I)-.55 G 2.966(ft)
-225.824 108 S .466(his is not set, the)234.9 108 R F0(DefaultCharset)2.966 E F1
-.465(option is used, and if that is not)2.965 F .257(set, the v)102 120 R .257
-(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .257(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0 -1.2(WA)5.257 G
-(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.758(sm)-.55
-G(ailer)453.614 120 Q 2.758(,n)-.4 G .258(ot the)481.242 120 R(recipient')102
-132 Q 2.702(sm)-.55 G(ailer)154.142 132 Q 5.202(.F)-.55 G .202(or e)184.474 132
-R .202(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .201
-(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E .48
-(and the recipient is on an e)102 144 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48
-(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F
-(the local netw)102 156 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G(ot that of the e)208.98
-156 Q(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .795(The T)127 172.2 R .795
-(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214n\
-ed by RFC)-.8 F .15(XXX \(not yet published\).)102 184.2 R .15
-(It is actually three v)5.15 F .151(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F
-.151(A-type \(that is, the)-.93 F .36(description of ho)102 196.2 R 2.86(wh)
--.25 G .359(osts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail add\
-resses\), and the)185.32 196.2 R .221
-(diagnostic type \(the description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 208.2 R
-.222(Each of these must be a re)5.221 F .222(gistered v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E
-(or be)102 220.2 Q(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 E(The def)5 E
-(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E F0 2.5(5.5. H)87 244.2 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G
-(e\214ne Header)137 244.2 Q F1 1.136(The format of the header lines that)127
-260.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.636 E F1 1.135
-(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.635 E F1 2.5
-(line. The)102 272.4 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142 288.6 Q F1([)A F0
-(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1
-1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoi\
-ng message.)102 304.8 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.558 E F1(is)3.558 E 1.098
-(macro e)102 316.8 R 1.098(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F
-1.098(If the)6.098 F F2(m\215a)3.598 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.097
-(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.597 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one o\
-f the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this h\
-eader)102 328.8 R .192(to be automatically output.)102 340.8 R .191
-(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re)
-5.192 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 352.8 Q
-(Some headers ha)127 369 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
-(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.6. O)87
-393 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)135.34 393 Q F1 .962(There are a number of glob\
-al options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.)127 409.2 R .963
-(Options are)5.963 F .86(represented by full w)102 421.2 R .86
-(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility)
--.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 433.2 Q F0(O)142 449.4 Q F2
-(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .562(This sets option)102 465.6 R F2(option)
-3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C .562
-(ote that there)258.434 465.6 R F2(must)3.062 E F1 .562
-(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F(name of the option.)102
-477.6 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)142 493.8 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)
--1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102 510 R F2(o)2.63 E F1 .13
-(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G .13(epending on the option,)273.56
-510 R F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E
-2.5(ab)102 522 S(oolean \(with le)113.94 522 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
-(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)193.2 522 Q
-(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
-(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127 538.2 Q
-(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 554.4 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1 .439
-([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 566.4 R(Each)5.439 E F2(spec)2.939
-E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2
-(\214le)2.94 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 578.4 Q F2(class)3.1 E F0(:)A F1 .599
-(is optional and def)3.099 F .599(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099
-('. Depending)-.74 F .599(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.099 E F1 .186
-(is compiled, v)174 590.4 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search th\
-rough a compiled-in list of alias)-.25 F 2.055
-(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)174 602.4 R/F3 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if)
-4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 614.4 Q F1 1.588(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal\
- symbol table \212 not normally used unless)4.088 F .075(you ha)174 626.4 R
-.375 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.575(oo).15 G .075
-(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)230.255 626.4 R F3(NIS)2.574 E F1
-.074(is speci\214ed\).)2.574 F .074(If a list of)5.074 F F2(spec)2.574 E F1(s)A
-(are pro)174 638.4 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(searches them in order)
-2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 654.6 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2(timeout)A F1 .14([a] If set, w)
-174 666.6 R .14(ait up to)-.1 F F2(timeout)2.64 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F
-.141(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .518
-(in the alias database before starting up.)174 678.6 R .517
-(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.017 E F1(inter)3.017 E(-)-.2
-E -.25(va)174 690.6 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)192.51 690.6 Q .71
-(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E(uildAliases)-.2 E
-F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa)174 702.6 S(rning.).1 E EP
-%%Page: 39 34
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(AutoReb)102 96 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E
-.128([D] If set, reb)174 108 R .128
-(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128
-(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
-4.885 E F1 2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)283.96 120 Q
-2.385(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F
-(using)174 132 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C
-(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)226.93 132 Q(BlankSub=)102 148.2 Q F2
-(c)A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)174 148.2 R F2(c)
-3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)372.35 148.2 R
-(replaced by this character)174 160.2 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)290.63 160.2 Q
-(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51(CheckAliases [n])102
-176.4 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E
-(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E(CheckpointInterv)102 192.6 Q(al=)-.25 E F2
-(N)A F1 1.296([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
-F2(N)3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.297
-(If your system)6.297 F .747(crashes during deli)174 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .746
-(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.246(yb)-.15 G .746(ut the)480.754 216.6 R
-(last recipients.)174 228.6 Q(ClassF)102 244.8 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1
-1.624([z] The indicated)4.29 F F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624
-(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .719
-(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 256.8 R F0(P)3.219 E F1
-.718(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.218 F 2.637
-(subtracted from the priority)174 268.8 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637
-(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)307.768 268.8 R -.1(fa)174 280.8
-S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95(ColonOkInAddr [no)
-102 297 R 4.679
-(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,)7.18 F
-3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 309 R 1.04(not set, colons indicate the be)
-3.54 F 1.04(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.988
-(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 321 R 1.987
-(Doubled colons are)6.987 F(al)174 333 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\
-\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under).1 F(-)-.2 E
-1.037(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 345 R 1.037
-(Furthermore, this option def)6.037 F 1.036(aults on if the con-)-.1 F .853
-(\214guration v)174 357 R .853(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.353(li).15 G
-3.353(sl)274.059 357 S .853(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)284.082 357
-R(Ho)5.854 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.654 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.354(tm).4 G(ust)
-492.33 357 Q(be of)174 369 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.)
-203.18 369 Q(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 385.2 Q F2(N)A F1 .242
-([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)174
-397.2 R(The)5.242 E(def)174 409.2 Q .385(ault is one.)-.1 F .386
-(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F -.2
-(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.192(tion of)174 421.2 R F2(sendmail)3.692 E F1 1.191
-(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.692 F 1.191
-(Setting it to)6.191 F 2.046(zero def)174 433.2 R 2.046(aults to the old beha)
--.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.047
-(hat is, connections are closed immediately)322.496 433.2 R(.)-.65 E .266
-(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k)174
-445.2 R .265(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174 457.2 Q
-(ConnectionCacheT)102 473.4 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708
-([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)
-174 485.4 R 1.083(without acti)174 497.4 R(vity)-.25 E 6.083(.I)-.65 G 3.583
-(ft)249.156 497.4 S 1.083(his time is e)258.849 497.4 R 1.082
-(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .417(This v)174 509.4 R
-.418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25 F(Before)5.418
-E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .418(uses a)2.918 F .508(cached connection, it al)174
-521.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .507(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if)
-.1 F .401(this f)174 533.4 R .401(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401
-(This k)5.401 F .402(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .402(ailing if the other)-.1 F
-1.545(end times out.)174 545.4 R 1.545
-(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.545 F 1.544(ork neighbor and)
--.1 F -.2(avo)174 557.4 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
-(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G
-(inutes.)470.25 557.4 Q(DaemonPortOptions=)102 573.6 Q F2(options)A F1
-([O] Set serv)174 585.6 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1
-(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5
-(sa).15 G(re:)490.2 585.6 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)214 601.8 R
-(of listening port \(def)2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214
-613.8 R(mask \(def)2.5 E(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 625.8 S
-41.31(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E
-44.5(Listen Size)214 637.8 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E
-21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 649.8 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 21.17
-(RcvBufSize Size)214 661.8 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E
-(fer)-.25 E(The)174 678 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1
-(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A(ork name.)-.1 E
-(Def)102 694.2 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15 E(set)-.1 E F1 .16
-([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 706.2 R .161
-(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .495(mat is con)174 718.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
-.495(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be).15 F
-EP
-%%Page: 40 35
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .487
-(included in the Content-T)174 96 R .487(ype: header)-.8 F 5.487(.T)-.55 G .488
-(his character set is normally set from the)338.115 96 R .133
-(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 108 R 5.133(.I)-.55 G 2.633(ft)
-337.64 108 S .133(hat is not set, the v)346.383 108 R .133
-(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 120 R
-(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E
-(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E(Def)102 136.2 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(user:gr)A(oup)-.45 E F1 .013([u] Set the def)174 148.2 R
-.013(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 5.013
-(.I)C(f)386.587 148.2 Q F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .014(is omitted and)2.514 F
-F2(user)2.514 E F1(is)2.514 E 4.307(au)174 160.2 S 1.807
-(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)187.747 160.2 R 1.806
-(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153
-(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 172.2 R 1.153
-(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E F2(user)3.653 E F1(and)3.653 E F2(gr)3.653 E
-(oup)-.45 E F1 1.153(may be numeric.)174 184.2 R 1.152(Mailers without the)
-6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as)
-3.652 F .142(this user)174 198.2 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)222.064 198.2 Q .142
-(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na).15 G 2.642(sas)400.612 198.2 S .142(ymbolic user name.)
-418.116 198.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)497 194.2 Q F1(Deli)102 214.4 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15 E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5
-(nm)223.03 214.4 S(ode)238.31 214.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)
-273.3 214.4 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.04 214.4 Q 17.22(iD)214 230.6 S(eli)
-241.22 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)268.87 230.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214 242.6 S(eli)241.22 242.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)268.87 242.6 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))281.37 242.6
-Q 15(qJ)214 254.6 S(ust queue the message \(deli)237.89 254.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))367.74 254.6 Q 15(dD)214 266.6 S(efer deli)
-241.22 266.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))415.66 266.6 Q(Def)174 282.8 Q .712
-(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 E 3.212('i)-.74 G 3.212(fn)244.816 282.8 S 3.211(oo)
-256.358 282.8 S .711(ption is speci\214ed, `)269.569 282.8 R(`i')-.74 E 3.211
-('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi)365.093 282.8 S 3.211(ti)374.414 282.8 S 3.211(ss)383.185
-282.8 S .711(peci\214ed b)394.176 282.8 R .711(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.211
-(nn).15 G 3.211(oa)474.869 282.8 S -.18(rg)487.52 282.8 S(u-).18 E .094
-(ment \(i.e., `)174 294.8 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)246.672 294.8
-S(qui)257.596 294.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `).25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594
-('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594
-F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A(DialDelay=)102 311 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .799
-([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 323 R .798
-(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665
-(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 335 R .665
-(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .743
-(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 347 R F2
-(sendmail)3.242 E F1 .742(will sleep for)3.242 F .31
-(this amount of time and try ag)174 359 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31(should gi)
-2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish).15 F 1.543
-(the connection to your service pro)174 371 R(vider)-.15 E 6.543(.U)-.55 G
-1.543(nits def)354.188 371 R 1.542(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F
-(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 383 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)251.7 383 Q 5(.D)
--.65 G(ef)313.81 383 Q(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontExpandCnames)102
-399.2 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in\
- a mail message)174 411.2 R 1.408(must be fully canonical.)174 423.2 R -.15(Fo)
-6.407 G 3.907(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)302.668
-423.2 R(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 435.2 R
-(.F)-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F 2.631
-(times. This)174 447.2 R .131
-(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).)2.631 F
-.13(If this)5.13 F .661
-(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.)
-174 459.2 R(Ho)5.662 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455
-(the IETF is mo)174 471.2 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455
-(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F 3.009
-(acceptable. Please)174 483.2 R .509(note that hosts do)3.009 F .509
-(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F
-(the true canonical name ho)174 495.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G
-6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 511.4 R .25(short name] If set,)2.75 F F2(sendmail)
-2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .25
-(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)5.25 F .583(running NI\
-S, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can)174 523.4
-R .436(cause your NIS serv)174 535.4 R .436(er to be badly o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .435(ge domain.)-.18 F .435
-(The cost of this)5.435 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be \
-their primary group \(the one in the)174 547.4 R(passw)174 559.4 Q 1.189
-(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F 3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189
-(le access permissions some)315.845 559.4 R 1.189(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti)
-174 571.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G(as no ef)203.32 571.4 Q
-(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)344.26 571.4 T
-(group lists.)2.7 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102 587.6 R(Normally)3.905 E(,)
--.65 E F2(sendmail)3.905 E F1 1.405(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15
-G 1.405(nnecessary e)372.465 587.6 R 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155
-(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174 599.6 R
--.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)447.746 599.6 R
-(sending an error message to)174 611.6 Q(<@kno)214 627.8 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E
-(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 644 Q F1
-1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno)272.26 644 R
-(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et)-.1 G 1.155
-(he route as)458.37 644 R .813(direct as possible.)174 656 R(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G(he)306.435 656 Q F0(R)3.313
-E F1 .812(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009
-(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 668 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)392.86 668 S .01(ater addresses are kno)401.48 668
-R(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)174 680 Q -.1
-(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6
-80 689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100
-689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108
-689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL
-128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6
-136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6
-DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168
-689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176
-689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL
-196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6
-204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
-SF(18)93.6 700 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E
-F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(EightBitMode=)102 96 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)A F1 1.956([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174
-108 R 1.955(There are tw)6.955 F 4.455(ok)-.1 G 1.955
-(inds of eight-bit data: that)392.85 108 R 3.334(declared as such using the)174
-120 R F0(BOD)5.834 E(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E F1 3.335(ESMTP declaration or the)5.835 F
-F0(\255B8BITMIME)174 132 Q F1 .948
-(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that)3.449 F
-1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 144 R 1.18
-(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .996
-(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 156 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .995
-(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887
-(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 168 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .887
-(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .887('\), and)-.74 F 5.989
-(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 180 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 5.989
-(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a).15 F(non-8BITMIME mailer)174 192 Q 5(.T)
--.55 G(he possible)281.77 192 Q F2(action)2.5 E F1 2.5(sa)C(re:)364.82 192 Q
-11.11(sR)219 208.2 S(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)240.67 208.2 Q(`strict')
--.74 E('\))-.74 E 7.22(mC)219 220.2 S(on)240.67 220.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10(pP)219
-232.2 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)239.41 232.2 Q(`pass')-.74 E('\))-.74 E
-2.227(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 248.4 R -.15
-(ve)-.4 G 2.228(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 260.4 Q(ErrorHeader=)102
-276.6 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .486
-([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 288.6 R .486
-(If it be)5.486 F .486(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the \
-pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-)174 300.6 R .86
-(mended setting\).)174 312.6 R .86(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F
-.86(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116
-(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could)
-174 324.6 R(pro)174 336.6 Q .174(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F .173
-(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.174 F
-(\214le which does not e)174 348.6 Q
-(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E(ErrorMode=)102
-364.8 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)174 364.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5
-(.T)C(he v)325.91 364.8 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)214
-381 S(rint error messages \(def)239.56 381 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214 393 S 2.5
-(om)241.22 393 S(essages, just gi)256.5 393 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H(it status)
-.15 E 12.22(mM)214 405 S(ail back errors)242.89 405 Q 12.78(wW)214 417 S
-(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))243.44 417 Q 15.56(eM)214 429
-S(ail back errors and gi)242.89 429 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H(ero e).15 E
-(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 449.4 S(llbackMXhost=).15
-E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .796([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 461.4 R F2
-(fallbac)3.296 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .796(acts lik)3.296 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .797
-(ery lo)359.608 461.4 R 3.297(wp)-.25 G .797(riority MX on e)398.722 461.4 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .797(ry host.).15 F
-(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 473.4 Q(ork connecti)
--.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 489.6 S 16.88(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .708
-(If set, deli)3.208 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.208(re).15 G .707
-(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)252.792 489.6 R(Use)
-5.707 E .274(this option if you are short of memory)174 501.6 R 2.774(,s)-.65 G
-.274(ince the def)336.922 501.6 R .275(ault tends to consume consid-)-.1 F
-(erable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174 513.6 Q -.15
-(Fo)102 529.8 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E F2(path)A F1 4.675
-([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 541.8 R 4.675
-(ard \214les.)-.1 F 4.675(The def)9.675 F 4.675(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)174
-553.8 Q 3.23(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .731
-(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)3.23 F(\231/v)174
-565.8 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696
-(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system)-.1 F
-(directory)174 577.8 Q 5.487(.I)-.65 G 2.987(tc)220.767 577.8 S .488
-(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)230.974 577.8 R F2
-(sendmail)2.988 E F1 4.218
-(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174 589.8 R
--.15(Fo)9.217 G 6.717(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 589.8 Q(\231/v)174 601.8 Q
-(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E .681(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)
--.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1 .682(and then)3.182 F(in)174
-613.8 Q F2(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
-(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(HelpFile=)102
-630 Q F2(\214le)A F1([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)174 630 Q(.)-1.11 E
-(HoldExpensi)102 646.2 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.394
-(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15 F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893(,d).15 G(on')415.294 646.2 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393
-(onnect immedi-)439.557 646.2 R(ately)174 658.2 Q 5.267(.T)-.65 G .268
-(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue)
-206.667 658.2 R(run process to actually send the mail.)174 670.2 Q 24.51
-(IgnoreDots [i])102 686.4 R 1.172(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F
-1.172(This is al)6.172 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1
-F(al)174 698.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LogLe)102 96 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1([L] Set the def)174 96 Q
-(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)289.04 96 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5
-(.D)C(ef)316.26 96 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E(M)102 112.2 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666
-E F1 .255([no long v)174 112.2 R .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E
-F1(to)2.755 E F2(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255
-(his is intended only for use from the)357.505 112.2 R(command line.)174 124.2
-Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17(MatchGECOS [G])102
-140.4 R(Allo)3.334 E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)
-222.628 140.4 R .833(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867
-(user name lookups f)174 152.4 R .867
-(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G
-(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 164.4 S 1.155(ils\), sequentially search the passw)
-.1 F 1.155(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696
-(\214eld. This)174 176.4 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196
-(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F
-(This option is not recommended.)174 188.4 Q(MaxHopCount=)102 204.6 Q F2(N)A F1
-1.238([h] The maximum hop count.)174 216.6 R 1.238(Messages that ha)6.238 F
-1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.737 E F1
-(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 228.6 Q(Def)5 E
-(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 244.8 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .438
-([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 256.8 R .438
-(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.939(wl)-.25 G .439(ong host status)
-443.672 256.8 R .36(information will be retained.)174 268.8 R -.15(Fo)5.36 G
-2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do)315.76 268.8 R .36
-(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246
-(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 280.8 R 2.746
-(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F
-(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 297 Q F2(N)A F1 .677
-([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single)
-174 309 R .501(queue run.)174 321 R .501
-(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501 F .802
--.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445(or a v)174 333 R
-.445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F
-(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445
-(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 345 Q F1 1.115
-(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2(N)3.615 E
-F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136
-(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 357 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .136
-(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F
-(in the queue directory)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(MeT)102 385.2 Q 40.86(oo [m])-.8 F
-(Send to me too, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)279.98 385.2 S 2.5
-(mi)296.08 385.2 S 2.5(na)309.14 385.2 S 2.5(na)321.08 385.2 S(lias e)333.02
-385.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(MaxMessageSize=)102 401.4 Q F2(N)A F1 2.562
-([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 413.4 R 2.563
-(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 425.4 Q(Messages lar)5 E
-(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E(MinFreeBlocks=)102 441.6 Q F2(N)A F1
-1.539([b] Insist on at least)174 453.6 R F2(N)4.039 E F1 1.538
-(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F .845
-(before accepting email via SMTP)174 465.6 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346(ft)322.368
-465.6 S .846(here is insuf)331.824 465.6 R .846(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
-(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.346 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(sa).15 G
-(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 477.6 Q(This in)5 E
-(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E(MinQueueAge=age)102
-493.8 Q .887([no short name] Don')174 505.8 R 3.387(tp)-.18 G .887(rocess an)
-274.018 505.8 R 3.387(yq)-.15 G .886(ueued jobs that ha)325.072 505.8 R 1.186
--.15(ve b)-.2 H .886(een in the queue less).15 F 1.899
-(than the indicated time interv)174 517.8 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899
-(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399(wy)-.25 G 1.9(ou to get respon-)430.81 517.8
-R(si)174 529.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .665(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665
-(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F
-(by trying jobs too often.)174 541.8 Q(The def)5 E(ault units are minutes.)-.1
-E(NoRecipientAction)102 558 Q .554([no short name] The action to tak)174 570 R
-3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)325.25 570 R .855 -.15(ve a m)-.25 H .555
-(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .062(recipient headers \(T)174 582 R
-.062(o:, Cc:, Bcc:\).)-.8 F .062(It can be)5.062 F F0(None)2.561 E F1 .061
-(to pass the message on unmodi-)2.561 F .51
-(\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 594 R F0(Add-T)3.01 E(o)-.92 E F1 .51
-(to add a T)3.01 F .51(o: header with an)-.8 F 3.01(yr)-.15 G(ecipients)468.45
-594 Q 4.41(it can \214nd in the en)174 606 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 4.41
-(lope \(which might e).15 F 4.41(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-)6.91 E
--.25(Ap)174 618 S(par).25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1 4.664
-(to add an Apparently-T)7.164 F 4.664(o: header \(this is only for back-)-.8 F
-.875(compatibility and is of)174 630 R .875(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0
-(Add-T)3.374 E(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .874(to add a header)3.374 F<9954>174
-642 Q 1.594(o: undisclosed-recipients:;\232 to mak)-.8 F 4.094(et)-.1 G 1.594
-(he header le)339.456 642 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.095(lw).05 G 1.595
-(ithout disclosing an)414.29 642 R(y-)-.15 E(thing, or)174 654 Q F0(Add-Bcc)2.5
-E F1(to add an empty Bcc: header)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 1.18(OldStyleHeaders [o])102
-670.2 R 1.713
-(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
-4.214 F 1.068(This actually turns on an adapti)174 682.2 R 1.368 -.15(ve a)-.25
-H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.569(yr)-.15 G 1.069
-(ecipient address contains a)393.873 682.2 R 1.681
-(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 694.2 R 1.681
-(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 706.2 S 2.825
-(ist. If).15 F .325(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F
-.325(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F
-(put with commas between the names.)174 718.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1 E(f.)
--.25 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(OperatorChars=)102 96 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1 1.438([$o macro] The list of char\
-acters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,)174 108 R .82
-(characters that delimit tok)174 120 R 3.32(ens. All)-.1 F .82
-(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F(es;)-.15 E .078
-(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174 132 R 2.578(ens. White)
--.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .269(arate tok)174 144 R .269(ens b)
--.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15
-F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F .27(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 156 Q .433
-(ens, b)-.1 F .433(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1
-F .433(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666(:@[])
-1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E(additionally)174 168 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
-(he characters \231\()228.91 168 Q 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666 G
-(re al)331.25 168 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 184.2 Q
-(y=)-.1 E F2(postmaster)A F1 .003
-([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174 196.2 R F2
-(postmaster)2.504 E F1 5.004(.O)C .004(nly the)476.496 196.2 R .627
-(header of the f)174 208.2 R .627(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .626
-(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453
-(probably not a good idea on lar)174 220.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18 F .453
-(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 1.979
-(violations, b)174 232.2 R 1.978
-(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F(endors.)-.15
-E(Def)174 244.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E(Pri)102 260.4 Q -.25(va)
--.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.191
-([p] Set the pri)174 272.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.841 E F1
-3.691(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.671 -.74('' i).15 H
-3.692(sr).74 G 1.192(eally a misnomer; man)352.028 272.4 R 3.692(yo)-.15 G
-3.692(ft)460.526 272.4 S 1.192(hese are)470.328 272.4 R .929(just a w)174 284.4
-R .928(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)
-5.928 E F2(opt)3.428 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 296.4 Q 40.26
-(public Allo)214 312.6 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)314.01 312.6 Q 11.38
-(needmailhelo Insist)214 324.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E
-(neede)214 336.6 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F
-(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214 348.6 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)
--.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)326.23 348.6 Q 12.5(needvrfyhelo Insist)214
-360.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E(no)214 372.6 Q 38.75
-(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)327.34 372.6 Q 14.71
-(restrictmailq Restrict)214 384.6 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16
-(restrictqrun Restrict)214 396.6 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16
-(noreceipts Don')214 408.6 R 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)310.74 408.6 Q
-(goa)214 420.6 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)288.98 420.6 Q 2.5(we)-.25
-G(ssentially all SMTP status queries)324.56 420.6 Q(authw)214 432.6 Q 11.48
-(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)-.8 E
-.485(The \231goa)174 448.8 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485
-(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486
-(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq i\
-s restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can)174
-460.8 R .207(print the queue.)174 472.8 R .207
-(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208
-(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 484.8 R .066
-(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066(arnings about v)-.1 F
-(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail sys\
-tem, such as using an)174 496.8 R(non-standard queue directory)174 508.8 Q(.)
--.65 E(QueueDirectory=)102 525 Q F2(dir)A F1([Q] Use the named)174 537 Q F2
-(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 553.2 Q(actor=)
--.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614([q] Use)174 565.2 R F2(factor)3.114 E F1 .613
-(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.114 F
-.415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 577.2 R .415(This v)5.415 F .415
-(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415(ference between the)-.25 F
-1.004(current load a)174 589.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15 F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003
-(option\) to determine)3.503 F(the maximum message priority that will be sent.)
-174 601.2 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 617.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164
-([x] When the system load a)174 617.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F(xceeds)
--.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.265
-617.4 R 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 617.4 Q(to send them\).)174 629.4 Q(Def)5 E
-(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=)102 645.6 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097
-([no short name] Sets the)174 657.6 R F2(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096
-(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E
-1.021(acter of the v)174 669.6 R 1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga)
--.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G 1.021
-(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)317.357 669.6 R .922(\
-\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\) and \231priority\232 \(to order s\
-trictly by message)174 681.6 R 2.527(priority\). Host)174 693.6 R .027
-(ordering mak)2.527 F .028(es better use of the connection cache, b)-.1 F .028
-(ut may tend to)-.2 F .323(process lo)174 705.6 R 2.823(wp)-.25 G .322
-(riority messages that go to a single host o)229.386 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.822(rh).15 G .322(igh priority messages)417.806 705.6 R 1.824(that go to se)
-174 717.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.824(ral hosts; it probably shouldn').15 F 4.325
-(tb)-.18 G 4.325(eu)376.345 717.6 S 1.825(sed on slo)390.11 717.6 R 4.325(wn)
--.25 G(etw)450.055 717.6 Q 1.825(ork links.)-.1 F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(Priority ordering is the def)174 96 Q(ault.)-.1 E(Resolv)102 112.2 Q
-(erOptions=)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(options)A F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174
-124.2 R .127(er options.)-.15 F -1.11(Va)5.127 G .127(lues can be set using)
-1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad>
-2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 2.627(;t)C(he)494.56 124.2 Q F2<8d61>174 136.2 Q
-(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)C 2.513(an be \231deb)202.243 136.2 R 2.513
-(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2 F 2.514
-(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-)-.25 F .867
-(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 148.2 R .867
-(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0(+)3.367 E
-F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 160.2 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32
-(an be speci\214ed to turn of)191.29 160.2 R 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag)
-311.72 160.2 R 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.)
-174 172.2 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917
-(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917(er be)-.15
-F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 184.2 R 1.025
-(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 met\
-hod is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.)174
-196.2 R(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 212.4 Q F2(messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344
-([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 224.4 R .345
-(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F
-(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 236.4 Q -.35(Ti)102 252.6 S(meout.).35 E F2
-(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297
-([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 264.6 R 2.796(alues. The)
--.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678(cated by the)174 276.6 R F2
-(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678(he recognized timeouts and their def)261.802
-276.6 R 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 288.6 Q
-(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)214
-304.8 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)214
-316.8 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)214 328.8 R
-(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)214 340.8 R
-(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)214 352.8 R(to D)2.5 E
--1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 364.8 R
-(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 376.8 R(to \214nal `)2.5
-E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])348.47 376.8 Q 32.5
-(rset reply)214 388.8 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214
-400.8 R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 412.8 R
-(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 424.8 R
-(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214 436.8 R
-(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1 E 2.5
-(command\207 command)214 448.8 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E(queuereturn\207ho)214
-460.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])289.01 460.8 Q
-(queue)214 472.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G
-(ong until a w)285.69 472.8 Q(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E .893(All b)174
-489 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F .893
-(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11 G 3.392
-(ft)437.724 489 S .892(he message is)447.226 489 R .273(submitted using the)174
-501 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1 -.15(ex)2.773 G
-.273(tension, w).15 F .274(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 513 Q
-F3(NO)3.038 E(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537
-(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537(rn timeouts can be).1 F
-1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the m\
-essage; the)174 525 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 537 R 1.9
-(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9
-(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251
-(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 549 R .251
-(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p)-.25 H
-(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 561 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923
-(xample, setting \231T)196.453 561 R(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur).1
-E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222(for ur)
-174 573 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T)-.55 G .223
-(he def)336.749 573 R .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is)-.1 F
-(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 585 Q(RecipientF)102 601.2 Q
-(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 613.2 R F2(fact)3.137 E
-F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637
-(the priority of the)3.137 F .23(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174
-625.2 R .231(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-)
--.18 F 2.5(ents. Def)174 637.2 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 653.4 Q F2
-(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)174 653.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012
-(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011
-(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.816 653.4 R 2.5(tions. Def)174 665.4 R
-(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 681.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771([Z] The)
-3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each)5.772 F .994
-(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)174
-693.6 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 705.6 R 1.107
-(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G 1.108
-(ince hosts that are do)357.354 705.6 R 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F(often do)
-174 717.6 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Sa)102 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 10.41
-(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.909 E 2.709 -.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408
-(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.408
-(Normally the)7.408 F 4.908(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 96 Q
-(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 108 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 124.2 Q .815
-([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1521 and RFC1344 for)
-174 136.2 R(details\).)174 148.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 164.4 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)A F1 1.533([no short name] If your host operatin\
-g system has a service switch abstraction)174 176.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswit\
-ch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that)174 188.4 R
-.814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.)174 200.4 R .814
-(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.082(of a \214le that pro)174 212.4 R
-1.082(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F
-1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w)174
-224.4 R 3.569(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.569 E -.1(wo)174 236.4 S 1.363
-(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.364
-(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.364(The services)6.364 F(that)174 248.4 Q F2
-(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.)
-4.11 F 6.61<9a53>-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)422.81 248.4 R 1.754
-(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca)
-174 260.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.755(at that the appropriate support).15 F .791
-(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174 272.4 R .79
-(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 284.4 R
-1.303(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e)6.303
-F 1.304(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 296.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E 20.28
-(aliases \214les)214 312.6 R 26.38(hosts dns)214 324.6 R(nis \214les)2.5 E
-(The def)174 340.8 Q(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)-.1 E(Se)102
-357 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .322(Strip input to se)2.822 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.822(nb).15 G .321(its for compatibility with old systems.)
-274.93 357 R .321(This shouldn')5.321 F 2.821(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 357 Q
-(necessary)174 369 Q(.)-.65 E(StatusFile=)102 385.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .299
-([S] Log summary statistics in the named)174 385.2 R F2(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299
-(.I)C 2.799(fn)363.602 385.2 S .3(ot set, no summary statistics are)374.731
-385.2 R(sa)174 397.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275
-(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G 3.775(ns)308.82 397.2 S 3.775
-(ize. It)321.485 397.2 R 1.275(can be printed using the)3.775 F F2(mailstats)
-3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 409.2 Q 28.4(SuperSafe [s])102 425.4 R .372
-(Be super)2.872 F .372(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G
-.373(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697
-(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 437.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
-(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.197 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .697
-(ys instantiates the).1 F 2.688
-(queue \214le before returning control the client under an)174 449.4 R 5.188
-(yc)-.15 G 5.188(ircumstances. This)423.822 449.4 R(should really)174 461.4 Q
-F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E -.7(Te)102 477.6 S(mpFileMode=).7 E F2(mode)A
-F1 .332([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 489.6 R .331
-(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.831(ault. Def)-.1 F .331(aults to)
--.1 F(0600.)174 501.6 Q -.35(Ti)102 517.8 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E F2(tzinfo)A F1
-.218([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 529.8 R F2(tzinfo)2.718 E F1 2.718
-<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)351.168 529.8 R .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 F
-(Actually)5.218 E 2.718(,i)-.65 G(f)500.67 529.8 Q 1.346
-(this is not set, the TZ en)174 541.8 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346
-(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.345(ault is)-.1 F .208
-(used\); if set b)174 553.8 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT)-.55 G
-2.708(Zv)306.916 553.8 S .208(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ)
-320.484 553.8 R -.25(va)174 565.8 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E
--.35(Tr)102 582 S 5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114
-(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.614 F .114
-(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.613(nh).15 G .113
-(ost, its)477.767 582 R 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect thi\
-s situation and treat that condition)174 594 R .258(specially by forw)174 606 R
-.258(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 618 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.685 -.4(r, i)
-.15 H 3.385(ns).4 G .886(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)230.54 618 R -.1
-(wa)-.25 G .886(lls\) you may w).1 F .886(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07
-(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174 630 R
-.07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 642 Q F2(sendmail)3.013 E F1 .514
-(to try this.)3.013 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514
-(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 654 Q 2.116
-(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116
-(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F
-(something more meaningful.)174 666 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E
-(UnixFromLine=)102 682.2 Q F2(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236
-([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 694.2 R F2(sendmail)2.736 E F1
-.236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.325(line \(that is, a line be)174
-706.2 R 1.325(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.324 E 1.324
-(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.324 E(Don')174 718.2 Q 2.645(tc)-.18 G
-.146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)204.235 718.2 R .146
-(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(unlik)174 96 Q
-(ely\).)-.1 E(UseErrorsT)102 112.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826
-(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)177.33 112.2 R .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326
-(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)332.414 112.2 R 3.134
-(there. The)174 124.2 R 3.134(yn)-.15 G .634(ormally go to the en)230.658 124.2
-R -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .635
-(se of this option causes)383.895 124.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.135 E
-(mail)174 136.2 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E
-(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E(UserDatabaseSpec=)102 152.4
-Q F2(udbspec)A F1([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 164.4 Q -1.11(Ve)
-102 180.6 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F .561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15
-F .561(If this is set,)5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061
-F F0(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 192.6 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1 2.635
-(\)a)C(nd)207.59 192.6 Q F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1(\(old)
-2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)317.36 192.6 S .135
-(hat all mail is deli)327.775 192.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .136
-(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244
-(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 204.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.244
-(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1(should)3.743 E
-F2(ne)174 216.6 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is in\
-tended for command line use only)2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\
-\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b)102 232.8 R .109
-(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102 244.8 Q F1 1.135
-(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135
-(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513([b], Deli)
-102 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513
-(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.014
-(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)369.118 256.8 R .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F .53
-([o], Pri)102 268.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53(Options [p], T).15 F .53
-(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F
-.53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25 E(enBitInput [7].)102 280.8 Q(Also, M \(de\
-\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\
-\232.)5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 304.8 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)134.22 304.8 S
-(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 321 S .164
-(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0
-(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164(The syntax of this)5.164 F
-(\214eld is:)102 333 Q F0(P)142 349.2 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384
-(When the)102 365.4 R F2(name)2.884 E F1 .384
-(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)2.884 F
-F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)446.127 365.4 R .85
-(mean higher precedence.)102 377.4 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85 F 1.15
--.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs).15 F 1.551
-(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)102
-389.4 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 401.4 Q .461
-(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F .461
-(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462
-(xample, our list of)429.284 401.4 R(precedences is:)102 413.4 Q
-(P\214rst-class=0)142 429.6 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100)
-.15 E(Plist=\25530)142 453.6 Q(Pb)142 465.6 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)
-142 477.6 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 493.8 R 1.058
-(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F 1.058(Older v)
-6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 505.8 Q F1 1.19
-(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.49
--.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr)-.18 G 1.19
-(ecognize this name,)422.47 505.8 R(gi)102 517.8 Q .599(ving it a def)-.25 F
-.598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598(This allo)5.598 F .598
-(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102 529.8 Q
-2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)142.7 529.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.8. V)
-87 553.8 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)136.44 553.8 Q(ersion Le)-1 E -.1
-(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 570 T(ro).8 E 1.581
-(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)4.081 E
-F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102 582 R 1.11
-(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F 1.11
-(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033(ports; rather)102 594
-R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)158.046 594 Q 2.533(yd)-.15 G .033
-(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)179.869 594 R -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)435.903 594 S .034(uture releases.)446.766
-594 R F0(N.B.:)127 610.2 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(le)2.697 E
-(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196(othing to do with the v)
-.15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo)
-5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 610.2 Q(ple, as of this writing v)102 622.2
-Q(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G(.7\) used v)
-333.41 622.2 Q(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l6c).15 G(on\214gurations.)
-432.84 622.2 Q 1.102(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127
-638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V)
-353.006 638.4 R 1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1
-(wo \214)430.622 638.4 T 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 638.4 Q
-(follo)102 650.4 Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 666.6 R .727(name \
-canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this g\
-i)3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)494.56 666.6 Q 1.974
-(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 678.6 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F 1.974
-(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975
-(his just initializes the)413.345 678.6 R .739
-(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 690.6 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G .739
-(ag \212 you can reset it to an)251.445 690.6 R .738
-(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 702.6 Q(xplicitly)-.15
-E(.\))-.65 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5(\(2\) Def)107 96 R .384
-(ault host name e)-.1 F .385(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)
--.15 F .385(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-)
-458.345 96 R .83(rations turned of)133.66 108 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e)
-212.83 108 R .83
-(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15 F .4
-(points in processing.)133.66 120 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)280.53 120 T .4(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4
-(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F
-(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 132 Q 12.5(\(3\) Local)
-107 148.2 R .072(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F
-2.572(wd)-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)372.752 148.2 R .072
-(e; this can)-.15 F 1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 160.2 R 6.426
-(.T)-.65 G 1.426(his beha)279.902 160.2 R 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.)
-133.66 172.2 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209
-(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072
-(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 184.2 R 1.072
-(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F 1.373 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417
-(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 196.2 R .417
-(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702
-(as the prior e)133.66 208.2 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G 1.703
-(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y)-.15 E .136
-(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 220.2 R .135
-(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135
-(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 232.2 S 2.5(sd).1
-G(eli)156.61 232.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127
-248.4 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382
-(hree \214les allo)187.134 248.4 R 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382
-(nitiated comments on all lines.)266.292 248.4 R 1.383
-(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102 260.4
-Q -1.11(Ve)127 276.6 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708(lf).15 G
-1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)187.336 276.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207
-(hree for historical rea-)411.249 276.6 R(sons.)102 288.6 Q -1.11(Ve)127 304.8
-S 1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c)189.618
-304.8 T 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234
-(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234(to be just the \214rst)3.734
-F(component of the hostname.)102 316.8 Q -1.11(Ve)127 333 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G 1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man)
-188.658 333 R 4.088(yo)-.15 G 4.088(ft)342.272 333 S 1.588
-(he local processing options \(such as)352.47 333 R .48
-(aliasing and matching the be)102 345 R .481
-(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo)
--.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 357 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.845
-(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)210.435 357 R(Le)6.345 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)360.34 357
-R 1.221(long option names.)102 369 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1
-1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222
-(olons in the local-part of addresses\))355.42 369 R(def)102 381 Q(aults)-.1 E
-F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; th\
-e con\214guration \214le requires some additional)-.25 F
-(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102 393 Q(The)127
-409.2 Q F0(V)2.677 E F1 .177(line may ha)2.677 F .477 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.677(no)
-.15 G(ptional)231.022 409.2 Q F0(/)2.677 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(vendor)A F1
-.178(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F .865
-(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 423.2 R(endor)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
-SF(19)246.986 419.2 Q F1 5.866(.Y)253.986 423.2 S .866(ou may use \231/Berk)
-268.472 423.2 R(ele)-.1 E .866(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F
-(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 435.2 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ialect of)213.13
-435.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 459.2 R 2.5<8a4b>2.5 G
-(ey File Declaration)137.31 459.2 Q F1
-(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 475.4 Q
-(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 491.6 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 507.8 Q F2(mapname)
-2.751 E F1 .251(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.751 F
-.25(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.25 E F2(mapclass)2.75 E F1(is)2.75 E 1.889
-(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 519.8 R F2(sendmail)
-4.389 E F1 6.889(.T)C(he)384.013 519.8 Q F2(ar)4.389 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.889
-(are interpreted)4.389 F .791(depending on the class; typically)102 531.8 R
-3.291(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)244.185 531.8 R .791(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .79
-(gument naming the \214le containing the)-.18 F(map.)102 543.8 Q
-(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 560 Q($\()142 576.2 Q F2(map k)2.5 E
--.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5
-E F1($\))2.5 E .64(where either or both of the)102 592.4 R F2(ar)3.14 E
-(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .641
-(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F(The)5.641 E F2 .641($@ ar)3.141 F(guments)-.37
-E F1(may)3.141 E 1.277(appear more than once.)102 604.4 R 1.277(The indicated)
-6.277 F F2 -.1(ke)3.777 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E
-F1 1.276(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.776 F 3.253(function. If)102
-616.4 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F
-.753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)
-3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 628.4 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1
-(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E 1.042
-(During replacement of either a map v)127 644.6 R 1.042(alue or def)-.25 F
-1.042(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 3.542<9a28>C(where)417.414 644.6 Q
-F2(n)3.542 E F1 1.041(is a digit\) is)3.541 F .481
-(replaced by the corresponding)102 656.6 R F2(ar)2.981 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.481
-(.A)C -.18(rg)280.385 656.6 S .482(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .482
-(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.482(.F)-.5 G .482(or e)456.458 656.6 R
-(xample,)-.15 E(the rule)102 668.6 Q .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80 678.2 76
-678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88 678.2 DL 96
-678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2 DL 108 678.2 104
-678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL 120 678.2 116 678.2 DL
-124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132 678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2
-132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144 678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2
-DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156 678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164
-678.2 160 678.2 DL 168 678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172
-678.2 DL 180 678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL
-192 678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204 678.2
-200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216 678.2 212 678.2
-DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)93.6 688.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .214
-(And of course, v)3.2 J .214(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214
-(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214(endors by editing the routine)-.12
-F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c)
--.12 E F5 4(.P)C(lease send e-mail to sendmail@CS.Berk)101.656 701.4 Q(ele)-.08
-E -.52(y.)-.12 G(EDU to re).52 E(gister your v)-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(R$\255 ! $+)142
-96 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))250 96 Q 1.269(Looks up the UUC\
-P name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UU\
-CP\232)102 112.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 124.2 R
-(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 140.4 Q 77.43
-(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 152.4 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)
--.74 E .741(The b)127 172.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231ho\
-st\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.)-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102
-184.8 Q($\(host)142 201 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A
-(is equi)102 217.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 233.4 Q F2(hostname)A
-F1($])A(There are man)127 253.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(e\214ned classes.)197.1 253.8 Q
-51.72(dbm Database)102 270 R 1.623(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F
-(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623 E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM)
-174 282 Q F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 298.2 R 1.284
-(lookups using the btree interf)3.784 F 1.285(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E
-3.785(yd)-.15 G 1.285(b\(3\) library)425.99 298.2 R(.)-.65 E F2(Send-)6.285 E
-(mail)174 310.2 Q F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)
-2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 326.4 R .122(lookups using the hash interf)2.622
-F .122(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E 2.622(yd)-.15 G .121(b\(3\) library)
-413.868 326.4 R(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.121 E F1(must be compiled with)174 338.4
-Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 354.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E
-F2(Sendmail)5 E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E
-41.16(nisplus NIS+)102 370.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233
-(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733(de\214ned. The)3.733
-F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495
-(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 382.8 R F0<ad6b>
-2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be)2.995 F
-(used to set the k)174 394.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E
-(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39
-(hesiod Hesiod)102 411 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
-(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.17
-(netinfo NeXT)102 427.2 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
-(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te)102 443.4
-Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.917<748c>.15 G .417(le lookups.)199.957
-443.4 R .417(The format of the te)5.417 F .418(xt \214le is de\214ned by the)
--.15 F F0<ad6b>2.918 E F1(\(k)2.918 E .718 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .418(eld num-).15
-F(ber\),)174 455.4 Q F0<ad76>2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25
-E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102
-471.6 R(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38
-(implicit Really)102 487.8 R .546
-(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F .546
-(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 499.8 Q
-(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E 52.84(user Looks)102
-516 R .476(up users using)2.976 F F2 -.1(ge)2.976 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.976
-(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.976 E F1 .477(\215ag can be used to specify the name)
-2.976 F .142
-(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e)
-174 528 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 540 S(ser\).)185.94 540 Q 52.83
-(host Canoni\214es)102 556.2 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)343.68 556.2 R .2
-(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 568.2 Q 32.85
-(sequence The)102 584.4 R(ar)3.35 E .849
-(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the)
--.18 F(ar)174 596.4 Q .438
-(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18 F -.15
-(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)456.501 596.4 R(xample,)-.15 E(if the k)174
-608.4 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E(Kmap1 ...)214 624.6 Q
-(Kmap2 ...)214 636.6 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2)214 648.6 Q .968
-(then a lookup ag)174 664.8 R .968
-(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968
-(If that is found, it)5.968 F(returns immediately)174 676.8 Q 5(.O)-.65 G
-(therwise, the same k)268.34 676.8 Q .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G
-(sed for map2.)375.85 676.8 Q 43.39(switch Much)102 693 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1
-G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)220.61 693 R .301
-(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392(service switch.)
-174 705 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391
-(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v)-.1 F
-(al-)-.25 E 1.492
-(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne)174 717
-R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)494.56 717 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(names. F)174 96 R(or e)-.15 E
-(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15 E
-(Kali switch aliases)214 112.2 Q(together with the service switch entry:)174
-128.4 Q 78.84(aliases nis)214 144.6 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633
-(This causes a query ag)174 160.8 R 1.633
-(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05 F
-(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 172.8 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84(dequote Strip)102
-189 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F .961
-(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173
-(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 201 R .172
-(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik)174 213
-R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)222.992 213 R .386
-(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252
-(hosts are not check)174 225 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251
-(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F
-(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 237 Q
-("49ers::ubell")214 253.2 Q 2.5(At)174 269.4 S
-(ypical usage is probably something lik)186.5 269.4 Q(e:)-.1 E
-(Kdequote dequote)214 285.6 Q(...)214 309.6 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 333.6 R
-($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 345.6 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)322 345.6 Q
-(Care must be tak)174 361.8 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
-(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output")
-214 378 Q 1.31(will ha)174 394.2 R 1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b)
-.15 F 1.31(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)
-174 406.2 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E .488
-(Most of these accept as ar)127 422.4 R .488
-(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for)-.18 F
-.31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 \
-or some other e)102 434.4 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F
-(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).)102
-446.4 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102 462.6 R 1.147
-(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
-3.648 F(produced, and)174 474.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1
-(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)333.9 474.6 S(he map e)
-342.51 474.6 Q(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .647
-(\255N, \255O)102 490.8 R .647(If neither)174.647 490.8 R F0<ad4e>3.147 E F1
-(or)3.147 E F0<ad4f>3.147 E F1 .647(are speci\214ed,)3.147 F F2(sendmail)3.147
-E F1 .647(uses an adapti)3.147 F .947 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .648(lgorithm to decide)
-.15 F .108(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 502.8 R
--.15(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819
-(it \214nds an)174 514.8 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)228.157 514.8 T .819
-(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag)345.83
-514.8 R .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 526.8 S 2.828
-(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if)311.696 526.8 R F0
-<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 538.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)201.476 538.8 R .386
-(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 550.8 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb)223.596 550.8 S
-(oth)234.972 550.8 Q F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1 .545
-(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)442.52 550.8 R 3.045(ym)-.15 G(atches)479.01
-550.8 Q(at all \212 that is, e)174 562.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 579 Q F2(x)A F1 1.356
-(Append the string)174 579 R F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357(on successful matches.)3.856
-F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357(xample, the def)382.852 579 R(ault)-.1 E
-F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 591 Q
-60.53(\255f Do)102 607.2 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E
-(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08
-(\255m Match)102 623.4 R .4(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899
-(alue\). If)-.25 F .399(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399(xistence of)-.15
-F 7.306(ak)174 635.4 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)190.646 635.4 T 4.807(nd not the v).15 F
-4.807(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947
-(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 647.4 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)174 659.4
-S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4(r, T).15 H .349
-(he \255a ar).4 F .349(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F
-.35(ault is)-.1 F(still tak)174 671.4 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E
-<ad6b>102 687.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1(The k)174 687.6 Q .3 -.15(ey c)-.1
-H(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E<ad76>
-102 703.8 Q F2(valcol)A F1(The v)174 703.8 Q
-(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te)-.25 E(xt lookups\).)-.15 E
-EP
-%%Page: 50 45
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad7a>102 96 Q/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delim)A F1 .219(The column delimiter \(for te)174 96 R
-.219(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .218(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219
-F 1.825(special strings \231)174 108 R 1.825(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826
-(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.826(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G(ly).15 E 6.826(.I)-.65 G 4.326(fo)465.784 108 S(mitted)478.44 108 Q(entirely)
-174 120 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)211.68 120 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(equence of whitespace.)325.12 120 Q<ad73>102 136.2 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo)
-174 136.2 S 3.101(rt).15 G .601(he dequote map only)193.621 136.2 R 3.101(,t)
--.65 G .601(he character to use to replace space characters after a)286.755
-136.2 R(successful dequote.)174 148.2 Q(The)127 164.4 Q F2(dbm)3.356 E F1 .856
-(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.356 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.356<6e8c>.15 G .856(lename; the tw)399.052 164.4 R(o)-.1 E F2(db)
-3.356 E F1(-based)A(maps append \231.db\232.)102 176.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15
-G(xample, the map speci\214cation)206.4 176.4 Q -.15(Ku)142 192.6 S
-(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21
-(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)102
-208.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ry).15 E(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 220.8 Q
-(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.094(The program)127 237 R F2(mak)3.594 E(emap)-.1 E F1 1.094
-(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594(ft)347.736
-237 S 1.095(he three database-oriented maps.)357.44 237 R(It)6.095 E(tak)102
-249 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do)102 265.2 R
-(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64(\255N Include)102
-281.4 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86(\255o Append)102
-297.6 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 313.8
-R 3.669(wr)-.25 G 1.169(eplacement of e)205.749 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F
--.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e)
-371.63 313.8 R 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F 1.468 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.668(sa).15 G(n)
-499 313.8 Q(error)174 325.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 342 R
-(what is happening.)2.5 E(The)102 358.2 Q F2(sendmail)3.605 E F1 1.105
-(daemon does not ha)3.605 F 1.405 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.605(ob).15 G 3.605(er)
-272.975 358.2 S 1.106(estarted to read the ne)284.35 358.2 R 3.606(wm)-.25 G
-1.106(aps as long as you change)394.88 358.2 R
-(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 372.2 Q(on')-.1 E
-2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)336.71 372.2 S(ead while the)346.98 372.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
-(re being updated.)412.09 372.2 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)481.24 368.2 Q F1
-(Ne)127 388.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)152.57 388.4 Q
-F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
-(5.10. The)87 412.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127 428.6 R .408
--.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109
-(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
-(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 440.6 Q
-(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 456.8 Q F0
-(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102 480.8 R
-2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)182.92 480.8 S(he user database)192.08 480.8 Q F1
-(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 497 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E
-(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 513.2
-Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1 .128
-(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
-117 529.4 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 529.4 R(al)117
-541.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
-(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 557.6 Q 2.5
-(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 573.8 R
-(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55
-G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 573.8 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675
-(record. In)189 585.8 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175
-(ailing lists will ha)284.095 585.8 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr)
-2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 597.8 Q
-30.06(mailname The)117 614 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F
-6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 614 R .08
-(be an appropriate)189 626 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08
-(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38 626
-R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 638 Q F1(.)A 25.62
-(mailsender Changes)117 654.2 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
-(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 654.2 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948
-(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E 2.736
-(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an)189
-666.2 R .32 LW 76 675.8 72 675.8 DL 80 675.8 76 675.8 DL 84 675.8 80 675.8 DL
-88 675.8 84 675.8 DL 92 675.8 88 675.8 DL 96 675.8 92 675.8 DL 100 675.8 96
-675.8 DL 104 675.8 100 675.8 DL 108 675.8 104 675.8 DL 112 675.8 108 675.8 DL
-116 675.8 112 675.8 DL 120 675.8 116 675.8 DL 124 675.8 120 675.8 DL 128 675.8
-124 675.8 DL 132 675.8 128 675.8 DL 136 675.8 132 675.8 DL 140 675.8 136 675.8
-DL 144 675.8 140 675.8 DL 148 675.8 144 675.8 DL 152 675.8 148 675.8 DL 156
-675.8 152 675.8 DL 160 675.8 156 675.8 DL 164 675.8 160 675.8 DL 168 675.8 164
-675.8 DL 172 675.8 168 675.8 DL 176 675.8 172 675.8 DL 180 675.8 176 675.8 DL
-184 675.8 180 675.8 DL 188 675.8 184 675.8 DL 192 675.8 188 675.8 DL 196 675.8
-192 675.8 DL 200 675.8 196 675.8 DL 204 675.8 200 675.8 DL 208 675.8 204 675.8
-DL 212 675.8 208 675.8 DL 216 675.8 212 675.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6
-686.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .466(That is, don')3.2 J 2.466(tc)-.144 G .466
-(reate ne)148.294 689.4 R 2.466(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)188.122 689.4 R
-/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12 H
-.466(hem into place.).12 F .465(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F
-2.465(wm)-.2 G(aps)493.336 689.4 Q(will ne)72 699 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2
-(es)109.896 699 S(een.)118.56 699 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .655
-(appropriate -request address.)189 96 R .656(It is v)5.656 F .656
-(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(list)A
-F1 .656(syntax in the)3.156 F(alias \214le.)189 108 Q 33.95(fullname The)117
-124.2 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 140.4 Q 13.66
-(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55
-E(of)117 156.6 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E
-(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 172.8 Q(\214ce-f)-.25
-E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)
--.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 189 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55
-E 19.51(home-phone The)117 205.2 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55
-E(home-f)117 221.4 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)
--.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 237.6 R .856
-(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855
-(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 249.6 S
-(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E
-52.28(plan A)117 265.8 R
-(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E
-.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 282 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208
-282 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by)282.742 282 R F2(sendmail)
-3.425 E F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 294 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2
-(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 294 Q(er)-.1 E F1
-(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.2. User)102
-318 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 334.2 R .995
-(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995
-(he user name is passed)408.93 334.2 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 346.2
-R .781
-(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
-5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117
-358.2 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985
-358.2 R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F
-(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 370.2 Q
-(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 386.4 R .551(en of the user\
- name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626
-(lookup is skipped.)117 398.4 R .625
-(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625
-(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117
-410.4 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
-(these def)117 422.4 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
-(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 438.6 R .351
-(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04
-(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 450.6 R .041
-(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G
-2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 450.6 R(might ha)117 462.6 Q .3 -.15
-(ve a r)-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 478.8 R
-(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 495 Q
-(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .52
-(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 511.2 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G .519
-(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)299.686 511.2 R .519(xists, the)
--.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 523.2 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)
--.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 535.2 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15
-G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 535.2 R .625
-(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The)
-.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 547.2 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F
-.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
--.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 559.2 S 2.5(tp).2 G
-(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 559.2 Q F0 2.5
-(5.10.3. Cr)102 585.2 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F3 7/Times-Bold@0 SF(21)
-228.2 581.2 Q F1 .375(The user database is b)142 601.4 R .375(uilt from a te)
--.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F F2(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375
-(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.039(the mak)117 613.4 R
-1.039(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.039(The te)6.039 F 1.038
-(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F 1.588
-(each line has a k)117 625.4 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v).15 F 1.589
-(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F 1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1
-H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)421.943 625.4 S 1.589(ys in the format).1 F
-(described abo)117 637.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E
-(eric:maildrop)157 653.6 Q .448
-(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 669.8 R
-.447(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F2(/etc/user)2.947 E(db)-.37 E F1(.)A
-.32 LW 76 679.4 72 679.4 DL 80 679.4 76 679.4 DL 84 679.4 80 679.4 DL 88 679.4
-84 679.4 DL 92 679.4 88 679.4 DL 96 679.4 92 679.4 DL 100 679.4 96 679.4 DL 104
-679.4 100 679.4 DL 108 679.4 104 679.4 DL 112 679.4 108 679.4 DL 116 679.4 112
-679.4 DL 120 679.4 116 679.4 DL 124 679.4 120 679.4 DL 128 679.4 124 679.4 DL
-132 679.4 128 679.4 DL 136 679.4 132 679.4 DL 140 679.4 136 679.4 DL 144 679.4
-140 679.4 DL 148 679.4 144 679.4 DL 152 679.4 148 679.4 DL 156 679.4 152 679.4
-DL 160 679.4 156 679.4 DL 164 679.4 160 679.4 DL 168 679.4 164 679.4 DL 172
-679.4 168 679.4 DL 176 679.4 172 679.4 DL 180 679.4 176 679.4 DL 184 679.4 180
-679.4 DL 188 679.4 184 679.4 DL 192 679.4 188 679.4 DL 196 679.4 192 679.4 DL
-200 679.4 196 679.4 DL 204 679.4 200 679.4 DL 208 679.4 204 679.4 DL 212 679.4
-208 679.4 DL 216 679.4 212 679.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 689.8 Q/F5 8
-/Times-Roman@0 SF .289(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289
-(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)266.464 693 R .289
-(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)-.12 F
-(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 702.6 Q EP
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-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.6 -.8(To m)117
-96 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he database v)156.65 96 Q
-(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 112.2 Q
-(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
-(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 128.4 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G
-2.577(re).15 G .077(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)
-296.531 128.4 R(follo)117 140.4 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
-(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 156.6 Q(.db\))-.4 E F0 2.5
-(6. O)72 184.8 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
-(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112 201
-R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)
-460.594 201 R 1.139
-(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87 213
-R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)403.894 213 R 1.139(most cases this)3.639 F
-(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 225 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
-(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)349.76 225 S(ironment.).4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P)
-87 249 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
-(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 265.2 R .92
-(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
-(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 277.2 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5
-(NDBM If)102 293.4 R .664(set, the ne)3.164 F 3.164(wv)-.25 G .664
-(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.406 293.4 R .665
-(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.543(used. If)174 305.4 R .042
-(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.543 F .042
-(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 317.4 Q 32.84(NEWDB If)
-102 333.6 R .141(set, use the ne)2.641 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
-(atabase package from Berk)254.436 333.6 R(ele)-.1 E 2.642(y\()-.15 G .142
-(from 4.4BSD\).)385.814 333.6 R .142(This package)5.142 F .267
-(is substantially f)174 345.6 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
-(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F2(sendmail)174 357.6 Q F1
-(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E
-53.39(NIS Include)102 373.8 R .119(support for NIS.)2.619 F .119
-(If set together with)5.119 F F2(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)2.619 F
-F2(sendmail)2.62 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only \
-if an alias \214le includes the)174 385.8 R 3.409
-(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 397.8 R 3.409
-(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174 409.8 Q
-F2(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 28.94(NISPLUS Compile)102
-426 R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO Compile)102 442.2 R
-(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).)2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Compile)102 458.4
-R(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 474.6 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11
-E(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 486.6 Q(_P)102 502.8 Q -1.11(AT)
--.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 514.8
-Q 1.44(There are also se)127 531 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
-(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439
-(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)102 543
-R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(6.2. P)87 567 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127
-583.2 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F
-.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 595.2 R .192
-(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15
-(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 607.2 Q
-(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E
-(alue.)-.25 E 1.247(This document is not the best source of information for co\
-mpilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see)127 623.4 R
-(src/READ_ME or src/conf.h itself.)102 635.4 Q 1.91(MAXLINE [2048])102 651.6 R
-1.909(The maximum line length of an)190.31 651.6 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909
-(nput line.)338.276 651.6 R 1.909(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.909(xceed this)
--.15 F .575(length the)188.4 663.6 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
-(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 663.6 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
-(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4
-675.6 Q(MAXN)102 691.8 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5
-(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 691.8 Q .231(MAXPV [40])
-102 708 R .231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.631 708 R 2.731(ym)
--.15 G(ailer)376.458 708 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .23(his limits the number of)407.519
-708 R .375(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 720 R .376
-(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 720 Q EP
-%%Page: 53 48
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .876(number abo)188.4 96 R 1.176
--.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
-3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875
-(ry into smaller).15 F .886(batches as needed.)188.4 108 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G
-.887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.804 108 R(w-)-.25 E
--2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 120 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 136.2 Q -.18(TO)-1.11 G
-2.559(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.369 136.2 R .059
-(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.559 F .058(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F
--.15(Fo)5.058 G 2.558(re).15 G .058(xample, the)457.282 136.2 R
-(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 148.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se)
-.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 148.2 Q .112(MAXMAILERS [25])102
-164.4 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\
-\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 180.6 Q .401(WSETS [200])-.55 F .401
-(The maximum number of re).01 F .401(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F
-.4(The \214rst half of)5.4 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 192.6 R .034
-(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035
-('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 204.6 R .492
-(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,)-.74 F
-.492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F(attempt to use `)188.4 216.6 Q
-(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill succeed, b)284.13 216.6 Q(ut `)-.2 E(`S100')
--.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)388.82 216.6 Q(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102
-232.8 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 244.8 R 2.482
-(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F
-(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 256.8 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E
-(MAXUSERENVIR)102 273 Q(ON [100])-.4 E .399
-(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 285 R .399
-(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 297 Q
-(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 313.2 Q
-(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 325.2 Q 2.5(ys)
--.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 325.2 Q .712(MAXALIASDB [12])102 341.4 R .712
-(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F 3.213(yt)
--.15 G 3.213(ime. Note)461.347 341.4 R
-(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 353.4 Q(MAXMAPST)102 369.6
-Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])184.28 369.6 Q 1.65
-(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 381.6 R 1.65(ed" in a)-.1
-F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E(map.)188.4 393.6 Q(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102
-409.8 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)188.4 421.8 R .718
-(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F(tional ar)
-188.4 433.8 Q(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 450 Q .4
-(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested)188.4
-462 R 1.344
-(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-)188.4
-474 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 486 Q 2.851(An)102 502.2 S
-.351(umber of other compilation options e)117.071 502.2 R 2.851(xist. These)
--.15 F .35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F
-(compiled in.)102 514.2 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E(alued.)
--.25 E 36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 530.4 R .829
-(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829(orking is compiled in.)
--.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4
-542.4 R F2(sendmail)2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177
-(his old usage is no)381.715 542.4 R 2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 542.4 Q
-(Def)188.4 554.4 Q 1.87(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt)
-292.67 554.4 S 1.87(he Mak)304.82 554.4 R 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn')
--.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87(upport the)461.3 554.4 R(Internet protocols.)188.4
-566.4 Q 43.35(NETISO\207 If)102 582.6 R .143
-(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142
-(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
-(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 594.6 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)
--.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 610.8 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
-(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-)
--.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 622.8 R
-.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052(record for internal system errors.)
-188.4 634.8 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL)-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)389.682
-634.8 Q F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553(fy)483.117 634.8 S(ou)494 634.8 Q -.1(wa)
-188.4 646.8 S(nt no logging, turn it of).1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)301.66 646.8
-S(he con\214guration \214le.)311.94 646.8 Q(MA)102 663 Q 11.12
-(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555
-(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G 6.055(nt)404.22 663 S 3.555
-(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 663 R 2.5(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 675 R
-(also requires that the)2.5 E F0(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E
--.35(NA)102 691.2 S 13.15(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412
-(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1 E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413
-(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.405 691.2 R .413(er to)-.15 F(resolv)
-188.4 703.2 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 703.2 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)102 96 Q
-38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248
-(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.748
-F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 96 Q
-(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 108 Q -.1(QU)102
-124.2 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559
-(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56
-(If this is not set,)6.56 F
-(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
-188.4 136.2 Q(.)-.55 E 57.78(SMTP If)102 152.4 R .756
-(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756
-(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
-(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4
-164.4 R(means most machines e)188.4 176.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E
-39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 192.6 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1
-(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.)
-341.356 192.6 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 204.6 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15
--.25(ev e)238.67 204.6 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 204.6 S .27(ocal name e)
-271.58 204.6 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)
--.1 F(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 216.6 Q
-(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 232.8 Q
-(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E
-(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 249 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O)
--.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376
-(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)195.07 249 R .375
-(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 261 R 1.053
-(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)-.15 F
-.83(when it recei)188.4 273 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83
-(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 273 R 1.921
-(to that host.)188.4 285 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
-(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ys send this error code when you).1 F
-2.055
-(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
-188.4 297 R(recei)188.4 309 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15 E
-39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 325.2 R
-(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E
-26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 341.4 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E(y-style)-.15 E F0
-(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345
-(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345 F .184
-(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 353.4 R F0(lockf)
-2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)432.722 353.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E
-(be used if at all possible.)188.4 365.4 Q(HASINITGR)102 381.6 Q 4.86(OUPS Set)
--.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(initgr)
-3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
-1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4 393.6 R 1.917(is the def)
-4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not)4.416 E F1 1.916
-(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F(HPUX.)188.4 405.6 Q(HASUN)102 421.8 Q 27.59
-(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2
-(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5
-(tine\). Set)188.4 433.8 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT)
-102 450 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 462 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he)
-.15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A(HASW)102 478.2 Q
-22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2
-(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22(SFS_TYPE The)102 494.4 R .517
-(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.)3.017 F
-(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 506.4 S .214(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435
--1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F
-.415(the four ar)188.4 518.4 R .415
-(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1 G -.18
-(rg)435.165 518.4 S .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716
-(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 530.4 R 3.217
-(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)434.863 530.4 S .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32
-(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 542.4 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G 4.32
-(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)470.85 542.4 S(ument).18 E 1.108
-(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 554.4 R -1.11(AT)
--.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)487.52 554.4 S(u-)
-.18 E 1.511
-(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w)188.4
-566.4 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 578.4 Q 40.57
-(LA_TYPE The)102 594.6 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
-(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 610.8 R -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342
-(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)5.342
-E F1 .343(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267
-(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 622.8 R F2(cc)
-2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C
-(here)467.364 622.8 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 634.8 Q 48.91(LA_INT The)102
-651 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .952
-(rage in the k).15 F .952(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E
-(The actual v)188.4 663 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1
-E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 679.2 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)194.51 679.2 R
-.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15 F .793
-(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4 691.2 Q
-(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E
-(LA_FLO)102 707.4 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k)1.11 F .088
-(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089(rage in the k).15 F .089
-(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)188.4 719.4 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_MA)102 96 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F
-(MA)2.5 E(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call)
-102 112.2 R(the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
-(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15
-E(LA_ZER)102 128.4 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)195.62 128.4 S
-(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f)
-2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102 144.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)224.806
-144.6 Q F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .493
-(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E -.999(AT)
--.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 156.6
-R F3(LA_A)3.448 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F
-.949(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 168.6 T
-(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
-(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5
-(6.3. Con\214guration)87 192.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
-(The follo)127 208.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
-(6.3.1. Built-in)102 232.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
-(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142 249
-R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mail\
-ers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117 261 R
-.047(in the)117 273 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in)2.547 F F2(conf)2.547
-E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046
-(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.842 273 R
-(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117 285
-Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 301.2 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007
-(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507 F
-2.941(am)203.4 313.2 S(ailer)218.561 313.2 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1
-.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44
-(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 325.2 Q F1 .152
-(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
-(xisting header lines.)293.998 325.2 R .152
-(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4
-337.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
-(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
-(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4
-349.2 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 361.2 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 377.4 R
-.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206
-(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.95 377.4 R
-(of the header and the be)203.4 389.4 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)
--.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 405.6 R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538(fo)326.22 405.6 S 2.038(ne e)339.088 405.6 R 2.039
-(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189
-(header entry does not ha)203.4 417.6 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
-(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.188(will not add another)4.688 F
-.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 429.6 R 3.12
-(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
-(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 457.8 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044
-(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043
-(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 469.8 R .705
-(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F
-(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 481.8 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 498 R
-.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332
-(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F 1.349
-(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4
-510 R(sage.)203.4 522 Q(H_FR)117 538.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
-(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673(.T)-.55
-G 1.673(he order of these)432.061 538.2 R .898(\214elds in the)203.4 550.2 R F2
-(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998
--.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld).55 F
-(to return error messages to.)203.4 562.2 Q(H_ERR)117 578.4 Q(ORST)-.4 E 22.53
-(OA)-.18 G(ddresses in this header should recei)210.62 578.4 Q .3 -.15(ve e)
--.25 H(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 594.6 R(header is a Content-T)
-2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.)-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117
-610.8 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 627
-Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E
-(Let')117 643.2 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)142.28 643.2 Q F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E
-F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo)
-157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)295.76 96 Q({)157 108 Q
-(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 52.29
-("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R
-(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 168 R
-(OM,)-.4 E 66.72("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17
-("errors-to", H_FR)177 192 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E
-(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 204 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E
-70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)-.74 E 96.72("cc", H_RCPT)177 240 R(,)
--.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 252 R .833(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E
-(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 264 Q 71.72
-("message", H_EOH,)177 276 R("te)177 288 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
-(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 300 Q("recei)177 312 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 72.13
-(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5
-324 Q("content-transfer)177 336 Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61
-("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 348 R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 372 R(};)157 384 Q 2.435
-(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 400.2 R 2.435
-(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
-(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161
-(addresses. An)117 412.2 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \
-be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.152 412.2 R
-.246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 424.2 R .245
-(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245
-(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
-(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 436.2 R 1.936(ork w)
--.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.937
-(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 448.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
-(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446
-(There are a number of important points here.)142 464.4 R .445
-(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656
-(cally just because the)117 476.4 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)216.674
-476.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
-3.157(ym)-.15 G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.225 476.4 R
-.728(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 488.4 R(An)5.727 E 3.227
-(yh)-.15 G .727(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.988
-488.4 R -.2(bu)117 500.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 500.4 R
-F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
-(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 500.4 Q
-1.375(added unless the)117 512.4 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375
-(ere in the message already)201.795 512.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the)
-326.6 512.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F
-.324
-(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
-117 524.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481
-(tus speci\214ed in)117 536.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481(or e)
-226.554 536.4 R .481
-(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F -.1(wa)
--.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 550.4 Q .751
-(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)282.315
-546.4 Q F1 3.251(;t)289.315 550.4 S .75
-(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.126 550.4 R
-2.976(tion. The)117 562.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\
- are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.976 F
-(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 574.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
-(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 598.4
-R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15
-(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 614.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65
-G(he)339.755 614.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149
-(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 626.6
-R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F
-.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 638.6 R
-.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
-(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
-(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 650.6 R 2.763(,a)-.65 G
-.263(nd other v)157.696 650.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E
--1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)
-358.372 650.6 R .264(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.764 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E
-(compat)117 662.6 Q F1 2.477(to print an error message \(using)4.978 F F2(usr)
-4.977 E(err)-.37 E F1 4.977(\)i)C 4.977(ft)331.418 662.6 S 2.477
-(he message is rejected.)342.505 662.6 R -.15(Fo)7.477 G 4.977(re).15 G
-(xample,)472.06 662.6 Q .32 LW 76 672.2 72 672.2 DL 80 672.2 76 672.2 DL 84
-672.2 80 672.2 DL 88 672.2 84 672.2 DL 92 672.2 88 672.2 DL 96 672.2 92 672.2
-DL 100 672.2 96 672.2 DL 104 672.2 100 672.2 DL 108 672.2 104 672.2 DL 112
-672.2 108 672.2 DL 116 672.2 112 672.2 DL 120 672.2 116 672.2 DL 124 672.2 120
-672.2 DL 128 672.2 124 672.2 DL 132 672.2 128 672.2 DL 136 672.2 132 672.2 DL
-140 672.2 136 672.2 DL 144 672.2 140 672.2 DL 148 672.2 144 672.2 DL 152 672.2
-148 672.2 DL 156 672.2 152 672.2 DL 160 672.2 156 672.2 DL 164 672.2 160 672.2
-DL 168 672.2 164 672.2 DL 172 672.2 168 672.2 DL 176 672.2 172 672.2 DL 180
-672.2 176 672.2 DL 184 672.2 180 672.2 DL 188 672.2 184 672.2 DL 192 672.2 188
-672.2 DL 196 672.2 192 672.2 DL 200 672.2 196 672.2 DL 204 672.2 200 672.2 DL
-208 672.2 204 672.2 DL 212 672.2 208 672.2 DL 216 672.2 212 672.2 DL/F5 5
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 682.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631
-(,t)-.52 G .631
-(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.487
-685.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F .632
-(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 695.4 Q -.12(ve)
--.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)117 96 S(ec).15 E
-(kcompat)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(could read:)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(int)157 111 Q(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 121.8 Q(re)175 132.6 Q
-(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E(re)175 143.4 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157
-154.2 Q(re)175 165 Q(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 186.6 S
-(tab\("pri)191.578 186.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
-(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 197.4 Q
-(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 208.2 Q({)175 219 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193
-229.8 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);)
--.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 240.6 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
-251.4 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175
-262.2 Q({)175 273 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 283.8 Q(ge for non-local deli)
--.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193
-294.6 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 305.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
-316.2 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175 327 Q(})157 337.8 Q F2 5.146(This w)117 354 R
-5.147(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 7.647(yw)
--.15 G 5.147(ere local.)436.506 354 R(The)488.45 354 Q F1(EF_NORETURN)117 366 Q
-F2 .942(\215ag can be set in)3.442 F F1(e)3.441 E/F4 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1
-(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F2 .941(to suppress the return of the actual body of the)
-3.441 F .128(message in the error return.)117 378 R .129
-(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implemen-)5.129 F
-(tation, and use should be limited.)117 390 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 414 R -.6
--1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 430.2 R F1 -.1(ge)
-2.68 G(tla).1 E F2 .18
-(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)-.2
-G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 442.2 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G(here are se)
-157.68 442.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral v).15 E
-(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 466.2 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142
-482.4 Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 482.4 T .375(aps can be added b\
-y creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5
-(tion. These)117 494.4 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F1(setupmaps.)2.5
-E F2(The initialization function is called as)142 510.6 Q F1(xxx)157 526.8 Q F2
-(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 543 Q F1
-(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F1
-(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F
-2.819(sages\). The)117 555 R F1(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to th\
-e rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)2.819
-F -.15(ex)117 567 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675
-(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F3(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2
-.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 579 Q F3 -.666(FA)2.5 G
-(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 595.2 Q F1
-(xxx)157 611.4 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E
-(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 627.6 Q
-F1(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G
-.975(he parameters)277.18 627.6 R F1 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F1
--.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k)
-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 627.6 Q .043
-(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 639.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 639.6 Q F1(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543
-F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117
-651.6 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655
-(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 651.6 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,)
--.1 E F1(*statp)117 663.6 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272
-(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 663.6 S
-1.271(hould be set to)368.093 663.6 R F3(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if)
-3.771 E(reco)117 675.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le)
-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 675.6 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)102 96 R(Function)
-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .782(The routine)142 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF(shouldqueue)3.282 E F1 .783
-(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F
-(immediately)117 124.2 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618
-(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779
-124.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 136.2 Q
-(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 152.4 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157
-164.4 Q(long pri;)175 176.4 Q(time_t ctime;)175 188.4 Q({)157 200.4 Q
-(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 212.4 Q(return \(F)193 224.4 Q(ALSE\);)-.74 E
-(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 236.4 Q
-(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 248.4 Q 2.062
-(If the current load a)117 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F
-(ariable)-.25 E F2(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062
-(hich is set before this function is)361.636 264.6 R 1.058
-(called\) is less than the lo)117 276.6 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
-(hreshold load a)234.198 276.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
-3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 276.6 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2
-(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 288.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA)
-2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not)
-2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)
--.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117
-300.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C
-(ariable)281.846 300.6 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1
-(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 312.6 Q
-7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125
-(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 312.6
-R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 312.6 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
-324.6 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 324.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
-2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G
-(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 340.8 R 3.567(et)-.1 G
-1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 340.8 R 1.41
-(use the)117 352.8 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41
-(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 352.8 R 1.41
-(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117
-364.8 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928
-(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
-3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 376.8 R .395
-(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
-(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 388.8 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G
-.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 412.8 R
-(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 429 R F2 -.37(re)
-3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1
-1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117 441
-R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the).15 F
-(refuse load a)117 453 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1
-2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 453 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool)
-157 469.2 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 481.2 Q({)157 493.2 Q
-(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 505.2 Q(})157 517.2 Q 2.5(Am)117 533.4 S
-(ore cle)134.5 533.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
-(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 533.4 Q F0 2.5
-(6.3.7. Load)102 557.4 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243
-(The routine)142 573.6 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
-(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
-(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution)
--.2 E 1.157(includes se)117 585.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157
-(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne)6.157 F
-3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)418.757 585.6 S 1.157(ironment you may).4 F
-(need to add some ne)117 599.6 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)210.9 599.6 Q/F4 7
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)238.39 595.6 Q F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 623.6 R
-(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 639.8 R F2(sr)2.9 E
-(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
-(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-)
--.1 E(ing en)102 651.8 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
-(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E
-(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 668 R 2.16
-(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
-(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 680 S 1.918
-(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418
-(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.904 680 T 1.918
-(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.419(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.631 680 S
-1.919(ed map).15 F .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 80
-689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL 100
-689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 689.6 108
-689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 689.6 120 689.6 DL
-128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6
-136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6
-DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168
-689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176
-689.6 DL 184 689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL
-196 689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 689.6
-204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0
-SF(23)93.6 700 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@CS.Berk)3.2 I(ele)-.08 E -.52(y.)
--.12 G(EDU.).52 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(instead.)102 96 Q F0 2.5
-(7. CHANGES)72 120 R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .196(The follo)112 136.2 R .196
-(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .196
-(ilable v).25 F .196(ersion of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.695 E
-F1(\(5.67\).)2.695 E -.15(Fo)87 148.2 S 2.702(rad).15 G .202
-(etailed list, consult the \214le RELEASE_NO)115.584 148.2 R .203
-(TES in the root directory of the)-.4 F F2(sendmail)2.703 E F1(distrib)2.703 E
-(ution.)-.2 E F0 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 172.2 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .398
-(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 188.4 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G
-.397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005 188.4 R .597(future use.)
-102 200.4 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F
-(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598
-(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 212.4 Q
--.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5
-(7.2. MX)87 236.4 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 252.6 R 3.757(oh)-.1
-G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 252.6 R 1.257
-(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 264.6 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
-(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 264.6 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
-(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 276.6 Q F0
-2.5(7.3. RFC)87 300.6 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 316.8 S .963
-(umber of changes ha)142.683 316.8 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
-(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962
-(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 328.8 Q F1
-.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05
-(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 340.8 Q
-(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
-357 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 373.2 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15
-(5.2.8 Numeric)102 389.4 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 405.6 R
-(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 421.8 R
-(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 421.8 Q
-(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 438 R
-(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 454.2 R
-(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28
-454.2 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 470.4 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)
-102 486.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)
-2.5 E(5.2.6)102 502.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 502.8 Q F1(does do header munging.)
-2.5 E(5.2.10)102 519 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 519 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G
--.1(lwa)215.42 519 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E
-(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 535.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 535.2 Q
-F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G
-(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 535.2 Q(5.3.1.1)
-102 551.4 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 551.4 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)
-215.42 551.4 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G
-(imits.)366.54 551.4 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 575.4 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1
--1.11(Ve)127 591.6 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154
-(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1651 \(basi\
-c\) and RFC 1653 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1652 \(BOD)102 603.6 Q
-(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 627.6 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 643.8 Q
-1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.763 E F1 1.264
-(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.763 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F 1.264(ersion a)
--.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 655.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H
-(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 655.8 Q(Indi)127 672 Q
-(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
-(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 672 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 696 R
-(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 712.2 R 1.072
-(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072
-(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 724.2 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
-(re installing it at Berk)145.63 724.2 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
-(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57
-724.2 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 96 R -.1(ove)-.18 G
-2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .489
-(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 112.2
-R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 124.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-.912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 124.2 S .912
-(his release.)198.308 124.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G .912
-(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 124.2 R(serv)102
-136.2 Q(er to)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)
-184.06 136.2 S(hat the name serv)194.34 136.2 Q
-(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1
-(.)A F0 2.5(7.8. K)87 160.2 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .365(Generalized k)
-127 176.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .365(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .365
-(en directly from)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(ID)2.866 E(A)-.36 E F2(sendmail)
-2.866 E F1 .366(\(albeit with a completely)2.866 F(dif)102 188.4 Q
-(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)
-239.63 188.4 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 204.6 S
-(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 228.6 R
-(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 244.8 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35
-244.8 S(ultiple w)215.07 244.8 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
-(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 261 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 277.2
-Q 2.664(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
--.65(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102
-289.2 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 313.2 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)
-189.94 313.2 Q F1(The)127 329.4 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1
-(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F3(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
-(7.11. IDENT)87 353.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
-(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 369.6 Q F0 2.5
-(7.12. P)87 393.6 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 409.8 S 1.53
-(umber of small b)143.25 409.8 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
-(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
-(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 409.8 R(comments ha)102 421.8 Q .3
--.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 445.8 R(En)
-2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
-(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 462 R -.15(ve)-.4
-G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 462 R 1.154 -.15
-(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 474 R F0($g)2.927 E
-F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
-(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
-E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 486 Q .085
-(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 502.2 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
--.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E
-F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 514.2 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1
-(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
-(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F2(en)3.013 E(velope/header)
--.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 526.2
-Q(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)
--.15 E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 550.2 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1
-(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 566.4 R 1
-(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 578.4 Q(This will cause do)5 E
-(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
-(7.15. Dynamic)87 602.4 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 618.6 Q
-(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87
-642.6 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 658.8 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
-(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 675 Q F0
-<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E
-(The)127 691.2 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6
-(wl)-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 691.2 R F2(sendmail)
-2.6 E F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 703.2 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-61)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1
-(\215ag simplies setting long-form options.)2.5 E F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 120
-R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 136.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag \
-can limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids us\
-ing)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(substring)A F0 2.5
-<2cad>C(qS)168.41 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 148.2 S
-(qI)239.4 148.2 Q F2(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly)
-.1 E(.)-.7 E 2.5(7.18. New)87 172.2 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5 E
-(ypes)-.74 E F1(The)127 188.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1
-(line has been added to declare database maps.)2.5 E(The)127 204.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E
-F1(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 220.8 Q F0(M)2.796 E F1 .297(line has a \231D=\
-\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
-2.796 F .581(is running.)102 232.8 R .581
-(It also has a \231U=\232 \214eld to allo)5.581 F 3.081(wy)-.25 G .58
-(ou to set the user and group id to be used when run-)289.85 232.8 R
-(ning the mailer)102 244.8 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 268.8 R(Options)2.5 E
-F1(Se)127 285 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8
-285 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89
-285 S .9(upport ne)327.18 285 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83
-285 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 285 Q 1.187(that w)102 297 R 1.187(as pre)-.1
-F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F
-(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.)
-345.514 297 R(Brie\215y)102 309 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 325.2 S
-(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 325.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 341.4 S
-(et checkpoint interv)143.56 341.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 357.6 S(ef)145.22
-357.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 373.8 S(nable GECOS matching.)
-144.11 373.8 Q 31(hM)102 390 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 390 Q 33.22(jS)102
-406.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 406.2 Q 32.11(JF)102
-422.4 S(orw)143.41 422.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 438.6 S
-(onnection cache size)144.67 438.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 454.8 S
-(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 454.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 471 S .333
-(nable Errors-T)144.11 471 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
-(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 471 R
-(vide back compatibility with old v)138 483 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5
-E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 499.2 S
-(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 499.2
-Q 31(pP)102 515.4 S(ri)143.56 515.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H
-(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 531.6 S(on')145.22 531.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G
-(rune route-addrs.)168.65 531.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 547.8 S(ser database spec.)
-145.22 547.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 564 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 564 Q 28.78
-<7799>102 580.2 S(Best MX\232 handling technique.)142.44 580.2 Q 31(7D)102
-596.4 S 2.5(on)145.22 596.4 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 596.4 Q 31(8E)102
-612.6 S(ight bit data handling mode.)144.11 612.6 Q F0 2.5(7.20. Extended)87
-636.6 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 652.8 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 1.264
-(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F F0
-(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 664.8 Q
-F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 688.8 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 705 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 705 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-(een added.).15 E EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31.56(aT)102 96
-S .636(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 96 R .636
-(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636
-(will still try if)3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 108 R .22
-(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15
--.25(ev e)138 120 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 120 S 2.595(td)170.56 120 S
-(oesn')180.935 120 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 120 R .095
-(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2
-(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 132 Q(.)
--1.11 E 28.78(AT)102 148.2 S
-(ry the user part of addresses for this mailer as aliases.)143.76 148.2 Q 31
-(bE)102 164.4 S(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)
-144.11 164.4 Q 31.56(cS)102 180.6 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this\
- should only be used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 180.6 R(with crank)
-138 192.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 192.6 Q 31(gN)102 208.8 S -2.15 -.25
-(ev e)145.22 208.8 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en)169.67
-208.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495
-208.8 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 208.8 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G
-.141(lthough this)456.349 208.8 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary\
- when you must deal with some obnoxious old)138 220.8 R(hosts.)138 232.8 Q 31
-(kT)102 249 S(urn of)143.66 249 Q 2.5(ft)-.25 G
-(he loopback check in the HELO protocol; doing this may cause mailer loops.)
-176.18 249 Q 31(oA)102 265.2 S -.1(lwa)145.22 265.2 S
-(ys run the mailer as the recipient of the message.).1 E 28.78(wT)102 281.4 S
-(his user should ha)144.11 281.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H(asswd \214le entry).15
-E(.)-.65 E 31(5T)102 297.6 S(ry ruleset 5 if no local aliases.)143.76 297.6 Q
-31(7S)102 313.8 S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 313.8 Q 33.22(:C)102 330 S
-(heck for :include: \214les.)144.67 330 Q 34(|C)102 346.2 S
-(heck for |program addresses.)144.67 346.2 Q 33.22(/C)102 362.4 S
-(heck for /\214le addresses.)144.67 362.4 Q 26.79(@C)102 378.6 S
-(heck this user ag)144.67 378.6 Q(ainst the user database.)-.05 E F0 2.5
-(7.22. Long)87 402.6 R(Option Names)2.5 E F1 .856
-(All options can be speci\214ed using long names, and some ne)127 418.8 R 3.356
-(wo)-.25 G .856(ptions can only be speci\214ed)389.476 418.8 R
-(with long names.)102 430.8 Q F0 2.5(7.23. New)87 454.8 R(Pr)2.5 E
-(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 471 Q
-(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 487.2 R
-(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E F2(uname)2.5 E F1(\(2\) call.)A 20.72
-($m The)102 503.4 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5($_ The)102
-519.6 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.24. New)87
-543.6 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 559.8 S 1.376
-(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.876 E F1 1.376
-(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.876 F 3.875
-(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.875 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
-571.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Bigger)87 595.8 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 612 S
-1.283(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
-1.284(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 624 Q
-(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D
-(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
-(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127
-640.2 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\
- been raised from 600 to)127 656.4 R(1000.)102 668.4 Q F0 2.5(7.26. Differ)87
-692.4 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127
-708.6 S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
-(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
-(he number of)449.08 708.6 R .712(recipients more important than the size of t\
-he message \(for small messages\).)102 720.6 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712
-F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-63)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(you are connected with reasonably f)102 96 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.27. A)
-87 120 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 136.2 Q(viously)-.25
-E 2.61(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.77
-136.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
-(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 148.2 Q(This v)5
-E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.28. Symbolic)87 172.2 R
-(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
-(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
-(7.29. SMTP)87 212.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 228.6 Q 1.438
-(vious v)-.25 F 1.438(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.938
-E F1 1.438(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.938 F 1.437(In this v)6.437 F
-1.437(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 240.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G
-(xpand aliases or follo)138.05 240.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 240.6 Q
-(ard \214les.)-.1 E(EXPN still does.)5 E .681
-(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 256.8 R .682(ault deli)-.1 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .682(ry mode being queue-only or deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2
-(r-).15 G 1.582
-(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102
-268.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.582(It will chase)6.582 F
-(them when it processes the queue.)102 280.8 Q F0 2.5(7.30. [IPC])87 304.8 R
-(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 304.8 Q F1 .447
-(When an address resolv)127 321 R .448
-(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .448
-(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .138
-(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 333 R
-.137(This asks)5.137 F F2(sendmail)2.637 E F1 .137(to search the)2.637 F .16
-(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 345 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e).25
-F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
-(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 357 R .738
-(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
-(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
-(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 369 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E F0
-2.5(7.31. Aliases)87 393 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 1.456
-(The implementation has been mer)127 409.2 R 1.457(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.457
-(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F(based aliases.)102 421.2 Q F0
-2.5(7.32. P)87 445.2 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127
-461.4 S(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 461.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
-(7.33. Miscellaneous)87 501.6 R(Changes)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 517.8 Q F1
-(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
-(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127
-534 T 1.647(people using the same program in their .forw)4.947 F 1.646
-(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.646(ferent so that)-.25 F
-(duplicate elimination doesn')102 546 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98
-546 Q(The)127 562.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.18 E F1 .681
-(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.18 F F2
-(sendmail.st)3.181 E F1 .681(\214le from)3.181 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 574.2
-Q F1(.)A(Man)127 590.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 590.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
-(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 606.6
-S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 606.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25
-(ew)304.21 606.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A)
-72 630.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 646.8 Q 2.037 -.15(ve w)-.5
-H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F
-4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.502 646.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)
-339.763 646.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
-(een remarkably patient).15 F .403(about letting me w)87 658.8 R .403
-(ork on a lar)-.1 F .403(ge project that w)-.18 F .404(as not part of my of)-.1
-F .404(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.404(.T)-.4 G .404(his includes time on the)407.384
-658.8 R .282(INGRES Project at the Uni)87 670.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282
-(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.782(tB)
-.65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)348.21 670.8 R .281(ain on the Mammoth)-.05 F
-(and T)87 682.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk)-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453
-(Much of the second w)112 699 R -2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15
-(ve)-.15 G .453(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454
-(As he)5.454 F .781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 711 R F2(sendmail)3.281
-E F1 3.281(Iw)3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 711 R .781
-(orking on things ag)-.1 F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E
-(also a)87 723 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G
-(f.)227.38 723 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Man)112 96 Q
-2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212 96
-R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 96 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 96 R
--.15(ve)-.15 G 4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 96 S 4.057(ea)491.063 96 S .464
-(group netw)87 108 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464
-(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463
-(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 120 Q
-(utions:)-.2 E(John Beck, He)127 136.2 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard)-.15 E -.25(Ke)
-127 148.2 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 160.2 Q 2.5(wC)
--.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)168.13 160.2 Q(Michael J. Corrig)127 172.2 Q
-(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
-(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 184.2 Q -.15(Pa)
-127 196.2 S -.5(..)132.298 190.2 S 2.5(r\()136.85 196.2 S(Pell\) Emanuelsson)
-146.01 196.2 Q(Craig Ev)127 208.2 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E
--.8(To)127 220.2 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 220.2 S 2.5(rH).25 G
-(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 220.2 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
-(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 232.2 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 244.2 Q
-(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 256.2 S
-(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E(Brian Kantor)127
-268.2 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 268.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 280.2 Q(uchera)
--.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)227.41 280.2 Q
-(Bruce Lilly)127 292.2 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 292.2 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)
-207.31 292.2 Q(Karl London)127 304.2 Q(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127
-316.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15
-E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 328.2 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 340.2 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 352.2 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H
-(omputer Corp.).15 E(Eric W)127 364.2 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
-(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 364.2 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E
-(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 376.2 Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E
-(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)330.05
-376.2 Q(aris\))-.15 E 3.219(Ia)87 392.4 S .719(pologize for an)97.989 392.4 R
-.719(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H .719(mitted, misspelled, misattrib)
-.15 F .719(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F .72(At this point, I)5.72 F 1.093
-(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 404.4 R 1.393 -.15(ve c)-.2 H
-(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.592(ym)-.15 G 1.092(ore ha)
-393.524 404.4 R 1.392 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.092(uted ideas,)-.2 F
-1.533(comments, and encouragement.)87 416.4 R(I')6.534 E 1.834 -.15(ve t)-.5 H
-1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.534(TES in the distrib)-.4 F
-(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 428.4 Q 5(.I)-.65 G(appreciate their contrib)135.78
-428.4 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E .743(Special thanks are reserv)112 444.6 R .743
-(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F .742(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .742
-(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F -.1(wo)87 456.6 S 5.714
-(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 5.714(utors ha)-.2 F 6.015 -.15(ve a)-.2
-H 5.715(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F(`send-)-.74 E(mail@CS.Berk)87
-468.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU').65 E 3.335('l)-.74 G .835
-(ist and, by answering the b)199.005 468.6 R .835
-(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.134 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(reed)
-.15 E(me up to do other w)87 480.6 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP
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-/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832
-141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
-(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
-(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
-(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
-253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm)
-.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
-(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G
-(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)257.53 257.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S(un as a daemon)
-210.67 269.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 281.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 281.4 Q 15(vJ)184
-293.4 S(ust v)207.89 293.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
-(ollect or deli)319.48 293.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 305.4 S
-(nitialize the alias database)207.33 305.4 Q 15(pP)184 317.4 S
-(rint the mail queue)209.56 317.4 Q<ad42>72 337.8 Q F2(type)A F1
-(Indicate body type.)144 337.8 Q<ad43>72 354 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .946(Use a dif)
-144 354 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1
-.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2
-F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 366 Q<ad64>72 382.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E
-F1(Set deb)144 382.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 398.4 Q
-F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 398.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1
-398.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 414.6 Q F2(name)A F1
-(Sets the full name of this user to)144 414.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
-430.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .726(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 430.8 R F2(cnt)
-3.226 E F1 5.725(.T)C .725
-(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.455 430.8 R .02
-(processed by)144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02
-(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt)
-5.02 E F1 1.521
-(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
-144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)4.02 E F1(thro)144 466.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
-2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 466.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72
-483 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 483 S(liasing or forw)186.59 483 Q(arding.)
--.1 E<ad72>72 499.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 499.2 Q/F3 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 515.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E
-F1(Set option)144 515.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E
-F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)292.6 515.4 Q<ad4f>72
-531.6 Q F2(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.173 E F1 2.674
-(to the speci\214ed)5.173 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674
-(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.674(These options are)7.674 F
-(described in Section 5.6.)144 543.6 Q<ad4d>72 559.8 Q F2 1.666(xv)C 27.204
-(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)196.04 559.8 S
-(he speci\214ed value)206.32 559.8 Q(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 576 Q F2(pr)A(otocol)
--.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 576 R .401
-(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be)
-5.401 F .114(in the form)144 588 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A
-F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15(Fo)
-5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 588 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets\
- the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 600 R .973
-(\(Some e)144 612 R .974
-(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 624 Q<ad71>72 640.2 Q F2
-(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 640.2 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 640.2 S .667
-(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 640.2 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)
-3.167 F(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 652.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 652.2 Q
-<ad71>72 668.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312
-(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 668.4 R F2
-(Xstring)2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 668.4 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H
-(etter).15 E F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 680.4 Q F1 .671
-(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67
-(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on)
-3.17 F .32 LW 76 690 72 690 DL 80 690 76 690 DL 84 690 80 690 DL 88 690 84 690
-DL 92 690 88 690 DL 96 690 92 690 DL 100 690 96 690 DL 104 690 100 690 DL 108
-690 104 690 DL 112 690 108 690 DL 116 690 112 690 DL 120 690 116 690 DL 124 690
-120 690 DL 128 690 124 690 DL 132 690 128 690 DL 136 690 132 690 DL 140 690 136
-690 DL 144 690 140 690 DL 148 690 144 690 DL 152 690 148 690 DL 156 690 152 690
-DL 160 690 156 690 DL 164 690 160 690 DL 168 690 164 690 DL 172 690 168 690 DL
-176 690 172 690 DL 180 690 176 690 DL 184 690 180 690 DL 188 690 184 690 DL 192
-690 188 690 DL 196 690 192 690 DL 200 690 196 690 DL 204 690 200 690 DL 208 690
-204 690 DL 212 690 208 690 DL 216 690 212 690 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(\207Deprecated.)93.6 702 Q F3(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756
-Q(SMM:08-65)452.9 756 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(sender)144 96 Q
-6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054
-(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
-188.876 96 R(tains the indicated)144 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)2.5 E
-F1(.)A 61.08(\255t Read)72 124.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
-(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 136.2 R .039
-(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya)
--.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 136.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E
-(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 148.2 Q<ad58>72 164.4 Q F2(lo)3.18
-E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 164.4 R .68(\214c in and out of)-.25
-F F2(sendmail)3.179 E F1 .679(in the indicated)3.179 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le)
--.1 E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144
-176.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
-(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .637
-(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 192.6 R
-.938 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.138(ags. These).15 F .638(are the e, i, m, and v)
-3.138 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 204.6 R(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)
-2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP
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-/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S
-(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292
-(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
-(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291
-(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
-F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
-(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
-(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1
-(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23
-(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601
-(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101
-(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601
-F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S
-1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551
-(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
-(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552
-(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72
-297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E
-(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72 313.8 S
-(he queue control \214le.)114.11 313.8 Q
-(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E
-33.22(tA)72 330 S .345(temporary \214le.)118.065 330 R .344
-(These are an image of the)5.345 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
-(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.844(uilt. It)-.2 F .344
-(should be renamed)2.844 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
-(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .566(transcript \214le, e)118.286
-358.2 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .567(wing e)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .567(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 370.2 Q
-(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.334 E F1 .834
-(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.334 F .833
-(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.833(.T)-.55 G .833(he lines are as fol-)
-427.358 386.4 R(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72 414.6 S .819(he v)114.11
-414.6 R .819(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.32
-(wn)-.25 G -.25(ew)359.35 414.6 S F3(sendmail)3.57 E F1 .82
-(binaries to read queue)3.32 F .004(\214les created by older v)108 426.6 R
-2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004
-(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72 442.8 S
-.329(header de\214nition.)118.049 442.8 R .329(There may be an)5.329 F 2.829
-(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)274.283 442.8 R .33
-(The order is important: the)5.33 F 2.83(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 442.8 Q .046
-(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046
-(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F
-(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575(he controlling address.)
-114.11 483 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
-(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
-(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
-(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
-(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .561(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3
-(aliasname)3.061 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.061 F .562
-(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 519 Q
-28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .798(he `)114.11 535.2 R .798(`original recipient')-.74 F
-.798(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F .797
-(Used e)5.797 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly for Deli).15 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E
-(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E 29.33(RA)72
-563.4 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 563.4 R .705
-(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
-(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .493(job is processed.)108 575.4 R
-.492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.493 F -1.11(Ve)5.492 G .492
-(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list\
- of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli)
-108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.328(,`)-.65 G .828
-(F' to return a message on f)129.278 599.4 R .828
-(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F .94
-(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body)
-108 611.4 R 3.441(,a)-.65 G .941(nd `P' to declare)434.807 611.4 R(this as a `)
-108 623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G
-(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)192.05 623.4 Q 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S
-(he sender address.)114.11 639.6 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
-29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)114.11 655.8 Q
-(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 672 S
-.114(he current message priority)114.11 672 R 5.114(.T)-.65 G .113
-(his is used to order the queue.)236.666 672 R .113(Higher numbers mean lo)
-5.113 F .113(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.676(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176
-(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.676 F 1.177
-(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F
-(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2 S 2.704
-(message. This)117.924 712.2 R .204(line is printed by the)2.704 F F3(mailq)
-2.704 E F1 .203(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)
--.2 E 2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)
-219.78 724.2 S(t.).15 E F2(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q
-(SMM:08-67)452.9 756 Q EP
-%%Page: 68 63
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-68 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)72 96 S
-.043(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 96 R .043
-(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .044
-(indicating that this is a response)2.544 F .143(message and)108 108 R F0(w)
-2.643 E F1 .143(indicating that a w)2.643 F .142
-(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.)
-108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)114.11 136.2 Q -.15(ve)
--.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S
-(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)114.11 152.4 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .724
-(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)114.11 168.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.225(ry).15 G .725(our mail queue after a disastrous disk)350.23
-168.6 R(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55
-196.8 R .83(The v)5.83 F .829
-(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.329 E F1
-(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241 196.8 R
-(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .924
-(he body type.)114.11 225 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F .925
-(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F
-.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\
-l processing is attempted.)108 237 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va)
-108 249 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S
-(he original MTS v)114.11 265.2 Q(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E
--.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)359.52 265.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G
-(tatus Noti\214cations only)389.95 265.2 Q(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S
-(he original en)114.11 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
-(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)
-360.88 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)391.31
-281.4 Q(.)-.65 E 4.072(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073
-(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)
--.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09
-307.6 Q F1(:)222.59 311.6 Q(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112 339.8 Q(Seric)
-112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
-(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
-(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
-(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(H?P?return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)
--.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112
-411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132
-423.8 Q(Hrecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E
--.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
-(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q
-(Hrecei)112 459.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E
-(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
-(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(Hrecei)112 483.8 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
-(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112
-507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q
-(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112
-543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU)
-.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message)-.15 E .657(This sho)72
-572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in second\
-s since January 1, 1970\), the)-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
-(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)145.51 584
-Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88
-669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2
-DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116
-669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124
-669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL
-144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2
-152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2
-DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184
-669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192
-669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL
-212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6
-679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .719(This e)3.2 J .719(xample is contri)-.12 F
--.12(ve)-.2 G 2.719(da).12 G .719(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.968
-682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance)-.32 F -.12(ove)2.718 G 2.718(ri).12 G 2.718
-(tt)384.998 682.8 S 2.718(og)392.164 682.8 S .718
-(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.882 682.8 R(looking at what your o)72
-692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
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-/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO)
--.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6
-Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.52(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
-201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.519(creates or generates.)
-4.019 F(Man)6.519 E 4.019(yo)-.15 G 4.019(ft)444.743 201 S 1.519(hese can be)
-454.872 201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd\
- the actual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144
-241.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1
-E 3.734(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
-(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.734 269.4 R
-3.735(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.235(this pro-)3.735 F(gram is completely equi)144
-281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)
-2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38
-(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.703(al)3.703 G 1.203
-(isting of the mail queue.)181.966 297.6 R 1.202(This program is equi)6.203 F
--.25(va)-.25 G 1.202(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.702 E F1 1.202
-(\215ag to)3.702 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72
-325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
-(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7
-(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E
-.89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 386.4 R .318
-(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F
-.318(If you)5.318 F .338(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R .338
-(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.786 398.4 S .338
-(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.624 398.4 R .337(ersions of)-.15 F F2
-(sendmail)2.837 E F1(may)2.837 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 410.4
-Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 426.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
-(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 442.8 Q
-(The alias \214le in)144 454.8 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72
-471 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
-(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 483 Q
-(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
-(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q
-(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
-(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 567.6 S(mporary v).7 E
-(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v)
-72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S
-(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 595.8 Q F3
-(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-69)452.9 756 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(This page intentionally left blank;)256.225 300 Q
-(replace it with a blank sheet for double-sided output.)218.6 312 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
-(SMM:08-3)457.9 60 Q/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)263.226 98.4 S
-(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 R(ASIC INST)
--.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION .................................................\
-..............................................................)-1.11 F(7)499
-124.8 Q 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ...........................\
-..............................................................................\
-.....)2.5 F(7)499 139.2 Q 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 153.6 R(weaking the Mak)-.8 E 1.64(\
-e\214le ......................................................................\
-...........................)-.1 F(7)499 153.6 Q 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168
-R(and installation)2.5 E 28.5(................................................\
-........................................ 8)4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87
-182.4 R .99(Files ............................................................\
-....................................................)2.5 F(8)499 182.4 Q 2.5
-(1.3. Details)87 196.8 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E 28.5(....................\
-..............................................................................\
-. 9)4.89 F 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 211.2 R 28.5(....................\
-..............................................................................\
-....... 9)2.66 F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 225.6 R 28.5(................\
-..............................................................................\
-.............. 9)4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/ne)102 240 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19(lia\
-ses ..........................................................................\
-.............................).1 F(10)494 240 Q 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 254.4 R 1.81
-(ar/spool/mqueue .............................................................\
-...........................................)-.25 F(10)494 254.4 Q 2.5
-(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 268.8 R 23.5(.......................................\
-........................................................................... 10)
-4.62 F 2.5(1.3.6. /etc/rc)102 283.2 R 23.5(...................................\
-..............................................................................\
-........... 10)3.51 F 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 297.6 R 23.5(.......\
-..............................................................................\
-.................. 11)2.94 F 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 312 R 23.5(......\
-..............................................................................\
-......................... 11)3.5 F 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/mailq)102 326.4 R 23.5(\
-..............................................................................\
-................................. 11)4.88 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 340.8 R(OPERA)2.5
-E 1.56(TIONS .................................................................\
-............................................)-1.11 F(11)494 340.8 Q 2.5
-(2.1. The)87 355.2 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(...................................\
-..............................................................................\
-... 11)4.89 F 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 369.6 R 2.26(ormat ............................\
-..............................................................................\
-................)-.15 F(11)494 369.6 Q 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.24(ls ......................................................................\
-.....................................................).15 F(13)494 384 Q 2.5
-(2.2. Dumping)87 398.4 R .72(State ...........................................\
-............................................................................)
-2.5 F(13)494 398.4 Q 2.5(2.3. The)87 412.8 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E 23.5(...........\
-..............................................................................\
-............................ 13)2.96 F 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 427.2 R
-(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(........................................................\
-................................................. 14)2.67 F 2.5(2.3.2. F)102
-441.6 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5(.........................................\
-................................................................ 14)3.94 F 2.5
-(2.4. The)87 456 R(Service Switch)2.5 E 23.5(.................................\
-..............................................................................\
-. 14)2.68 F 2.5(2.5. The)87 470.4 R(Alias Database)2.5 E 23.5(................\
-..............................................................................\
-.................. 15)2.69 F 2.5(2.5.1. Reb)102 484.8 R
-(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5(.......................................\
-................................................ 16)4.27 F 2.5
-(2.5.2. Potential)102 499.2 R .72(problems ...................................\
-.....................................................................)2.5 F(16)
-494 499.2 Q 2.5(2.5.3. List)102 513.6 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ..............\
-..............................................................................\
-.......................).25 F(16)494 513.6 Q 2.5(2.6. User)87 528 R
-(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................\
-....................................................... 17)2.7 F 2.5(2.7. Per)
-87 542.4 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)-.1 E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5
-(.............................................................................\
-...... 17)4.09 F 2.5(2.8. Special)87 556.8 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(.........\
-..............................................................................\
-...................... 17)2.97 F 2.5(2.8.1. Errors-T)102 571.2 R 2.09(o: .....\
-..............................................................................\
-..................................)-.8 F(17)494 571.2 Q 2.5
-(2.8.2. Apparently-T)102 585.6 R 2.09(o: .....................................\
-........................................................................)-.8 F
-(17)494 585.6 Q 2.5(2.8.3. Precedence)102 600 R 23.5(.........................\
-..............................................................................\
-............. 17)2.97 F 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 614.4 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(\
-..............................................................................\
-......................... 18)2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 628.8 R 23.5(.........\
-..............................................................................\
-........................................ 18)3.78 F 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 643.2 R
-(Interv)2.5 E 1.55(al ........................................................\
-...............................................................)-.25 F(18)494
-643.2 Q 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 657.6 R 1.29(Mode .................................\
-..............................................................................\
-........)2.5 F(18)494 657.6 Q 2.5(3.3. F)87 672 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5
-(.............................................................................\
-.................................... 19)4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 686.4 R 1.76(ug\
-ging .........................................................................\
-....................................................)-.2 F(19)494 686.4 Q 2.5
-(3.5. Changing)87 700.8 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-1.11 E 23.5(..........\
-..............................................................................\
-.... 19)3.23 F 2.5(3.6. T)87 715.2 R(rying a Dif)-.35 E
-(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(.....................................\
-.............................................. 20)4.67 F EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-4 Sendmail)72 60 R
-(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5
-(3.7. Logging)87 96 R -.35(Tr)2.5 G(af).35 E .5(\214c ........................\
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-314.4 R(ad hoc basis.)112 326.4 Q(Ho)5 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .8 -.4(r, t)
-.15 H(his approach has become unmanageable as internets gro).4 E -.65(w.)-.25 G
-.099(Sendmail acts a uni\214ed \231post of)112 342.6 R .098
-(\214ce\232 to which all mail can be submitted.)-.25 F .098(Address inter)5.098
-F(-)-.2 E .754(pretation is controlled by a production system, which can parse\
- both old and ne)112 354.6 R 3.255(wf)-.25 G(or)452.54 354.6 Q(-)-.2 E .242
-(mat addresses.)112 366.6 R .242(The ne)5.242 F 2.742(wf)-.25 G .242
-(ormat is \231domain-based,)216.578 366.6 R 2.742<9a618d>-.7 G -.15(ex)334.326
-366.6 S .241(ible technique that can handle).15 F(man)112 378.6 Q 2.606(yc)-.15
-G .106(ommon situations.)141.116 378.6 R .106
-(Sendmail is not intended to perform user interf)5.106 F .107(ace functions.)
--.1 F .399(Sendmail will replace deli)112 394.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .399
-(rmail in the Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 2.899(y4)-.15 G .399(.2 distrib)320.504
-394.8 R 2.899(ution. Se)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .399(ral major hosts).15 F .421
-(are no)112 406.8 R 2.921(wo)-.25 G 2.921(rw)152.022 406.8 S .421
-(ill soon be running sendmail.)165.493 406.8 R .421(This change will af)5.421 F
-.422(fect an)-.25 F 2.922(yu)-.15 G .422(sers that route)407.056 406.8 R 1.5
-(mail through a sendmail g)112 418.8 R(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 5.3 -.65(y. T)
-.1 H 1.5(he changes that will be user visible are empha-).65 F(sized.)112 430.8
-Q .906(The mail system to appear in 4.2bsd will contain a number of changes.)97
-475.2 R .906(Most of these changes are)5.906 F .469
-(based on the replacement of)72 487.2 R F2(delivermail)2.969 E F1 .469
-(with a ne)2.969 F 2.969(wm)-.25 G .469(odule called)292.871 487.2 R F2 2.97
-(sendmail. Sendmail)2.97 F F1 .47(implements a gen-)2.97 F 1.834
-(eral internetw)72 499.2 R 1.834(ork mail routing f)-.1 F(acility)-.1 E 4.333
-(,f)-.65 G 1.833(eaturing aliasing and forw)239.739 499.2 R 1.833
-(arding, automatic routing to netw)-.1 F(ork)-.1 E -.05(ga)72 511.2 S(te).05 E
--.1(wa)-.25 G .205(ys, and \215e).1 F .205(xible con\214guration.)-.15 F .205
-(Of k)5.205 F .505 -.15(ey i)-.1 H .205
-(nterest to the mail system user will be the changes in the net-).15 F -.1(wo)
-72 523.2 S(rk addressing structure.).1 E .624(In a simple netw)97 539.4 R .624
-(ork, each node has an address, and resources can be identi\214ed with a host-\
-resource)-.1 F .374(pair; in particular)72 551.4 R 2.874(,t)-.4 G .374
-(he mail system can refer to users using a host-username pair)149.932 551.4 R
-5.374(.H)-.55 G .375(ost names and numbers)409.276 551.4 R(ha)72 563.4 Q .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ea)108.31 563.4 S
-(dministered by a central authority)119.69 563.4 Q 2.5(,b)-.65 G
-(ut usernames can be assigned locally to each host.)263.82 563.4 Q .397
-(In an internet, multiple netw)97 579.6 R .396(orks with dif)-.1 F .396
-(ferent characteristics and managements must communicate.)-.25 F .389
-(In particular)72 591.6 R 2.889(,t)-.4 G .389
-(he syntax and semantics of resource identi\214cation change.)129.308 591.6 R
-.39(Certain special cases can be han-)5.389 F 1.033(dled tri)72 603.6 R 1.033
-(vially by)-.25 F F2 1.033(ad hoc)3.533 F F1 1.032(techniques, such as pro)
-3.533 F 1.032(viding netw)-.15 F 1.032
-(ork names that appear local to hosts on other)-.1 F(netw)72 615.6 Q 1.621
-(orks, as with the Ethernet at Xerox P)-.1 F 4.121(ARC. Ho)-.92 F(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.421 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.622(he general case is e).4 F 1.622
-(xtremely comple)-.15 F 4.122(x. F)-.15 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)72 627.6 S .29
-(ample, some netw).15 F .29(orks require that the route the message tak)-.1 F
-.29(es be e)-.1 F .29(xplicitly speci\214ed by the sender)-.15 F 2.79(,s)-.4 G
-(im-)490.11 627.6 Q 1.618(plifying the database update problem since only adja\
-cent hosts must be entered into the system tables,)72 639.6 R .573(while other\
-s use logical addressing, where the sender speci\214es the location of the rec\
-ipient b)72 651.6 R .573(ut not ho)-.2 F 3.072(wt)-.25 G(o)499 651.6 Q 1.065
-(get there.)72 663.6 R 1.065(Some netw)6.065 F 1.066(orks use a left-associati)
--.1 F 1.366 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.066(yntax and others use a right-associati).15 F
-1.366 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.066(yntax, causing).15 F .32 LW 76 673.2 72 673.2 DL
-80 673.2 76 673.2 DL 84 673.2 80 673.2 DL 88 673.2 84 673.2 DL 92 673.2 88
-673.2 DL 96 673.2 92 673.2 DL 100 673.2 96 673.2 DL 104 673.2 100 673.2 DL 108
-673.2 104 673.2 DL 112 673.2 108 673.2 DL 116 673.2 112 673.2 DL 120 673.2 116
-673.2 DL 124 673.2 120 673.2 DL 128 673.2 124 673.2 DL 132 673.2 128 673.2 DL
-136 673.2 132 673.2 DL 140 673.2 136 673.2 DL 144 673.2 140 673.2 DL 148 673.2
-144 673.2 DL 152 673.2 148 673.2 DL 156 673.2 152 673.2 DL 160 673.2 156 673.2
-DL 164 673.2 160 673.2 DL 168 673.2 164 673.2 DL 172 673.2 168 673.2 DL 176
-673.2 172 673.2 DL 180 673.2 176 673.2 DL 184 673.2 180 673.2 DL 188 673.2 184
-673.2 DL 192 673.2 188 673.2 DL 196 673.2 192 673.2 DL 200 673.2 196 673.2 DL
-204 673.2 200 673.2 DL 208 673.2 204 673.2 DL 212 673.2 208 673.2 DL 216 673.2
-212 673.2 DL/F3 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .556(*A considerable part of this w)93.6
-685.2 R .556(ork w)-.08 F .556(as done while under the emplo)-.08 F 2.557(yo)
--.08 G 2.557(ft)323.107 685.2 S .557(he INGRES Project at the Uni)330.552 685.2
-R -.12(ve)-.2 G .557(rsity of California at).12 F(Berk)72 694.8 Q(ele)-.08 E
--.52(y.)-.12 G/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 756 Q
-(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(1)499 756 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(2)
-499 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ambiguity in mix)72 96 Q(ed addresses.)-.15 E
-.679(Internet standards seek to eliminate these problems.)97 112.2 R(Initially)
-5.678 E 3.178(,t)-.65 G .678(hese proposed e)353.138 112.2 R .678
-(xpanding the address)-.15 F .331
-(pairs to address triples, consisting of {netw)72 124.2 R .331
-(ork, host, username} triples.)-.1 F(Netw)5.332 E .332(ork numbers must be uni)
--.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2(r-).15 G 1.452
-(sally agreed upon, and hosts can be assigned locally on each netw)72 136.2 R
-3.952(ork. The)-.1 F(user)3.952 E(-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.952(lp).15 G 1.452
-(resentation w)440.718 136.2 R(as)-.1 E .249(changed to address domains, compr\
-ised of a local resource identi\214cation and a hierarchical domain speci\214-)
-72 148.2 R 1.54(cation with a common static root.)72 160.2 R 1.539
-(The domain technique separates the issue of ph)6.539 F 1.539(ysical v)-.05 F
-1.539(ersus logical)-.15 F 3.001(addressing. F)72 172.2 R .501(or e)-.15 F .502
-(xample, an address of the form \231eric@a.cc.berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G .502(arpa\232 describes the logical or).65 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E
-.443(tion of the address space \(user \231eric\232 on host \231a\232 in the Co\
-mputer Center at Berk)72 184.2 R(ele)-.1 E .443(y\) b)-.15 F .443
-(ut not the ph)-.2 F(ysical)-.05 E(netw)72 196.2 Q .934(orks used \(for e)-.1 F
-.934(xample, this could go o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.434(rd).15 G(if)274.722
-196.2 Q .934(ferent netw)-.25 F .935
-(orks depending on whether \231a\232 were on an)-.1 F
-(ethernet or a store-and-forw)72 208.2 Q(ard netw)-.1 E(ork\).)-.1 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)97 224.4 Q F1 .493
-(is intended to help bridge the g)2.993 F .493(ap between the totally)-.05 F F2
-.493(ad hoc)2.993 F F1 -.1(wo)2.993 G .493(rld of netw).1 F .493(orks that kno)
--.1 F(w)-.25 E .854(nothing of each other and the clean, tightly-coupled w)72
-236.4 R .854(orld of unique netw)-.1 F .855(ork numbers.)-.1 F .855
-(It can accept old)5.855 F .633(arbitrary address syntax)72 248.4 R .632(es, r\
-esolving ambiguities using heuristics speci\214ed by the system administrator)
--.15 F 3.132(,a)-.4 G(s)500.11 248.4 Q .347(well as domain-based addressing.)72
-260.4 R .347(It helps guide the con)5.347 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .347
-(rsion of message formats between disparate net-).15 F -.1(wo)72 272.4 S 3.395
-(rks. In).1 F(short,)3.395 E F2(sendmail)3.395 E F1 .894
-(is designed to assist a graceful transition to consistent internetw)3.395 F
-.894(ork addressing)-.1 F(schemes.)72 284.4 Q .689
-(Section 1 de\214nes some of the terms frequently left fuzzy when w)97 312.6 R
-.69(orking in mail systems.)-.1 F .69(Section 2)5.69 F .595
-(discusses the design goals for)72 324.6 R F2(sendmail)3.095 E F1 5.595(.I)C
-3.095(ns)243.33 324.6 S .595(ection 3, the ne)255.315 324.6 R 3.095(wa)-.25 G
-.594(ddress formats and basic features of)332.705 324.6 R F2(send-)3.094 E
-(mail)72 336.6 Q F1 .893(are described.)3.393 F .893
-(Section 4 discusses some of the special problems of the UUCP netw)5.893 F
-3.394(ork. The)-.1 F(dif)3.394 E(fer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E(ences between)72 348.6 Q F2
-(sendmail)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F2(delivermail)2.5 E F1
-(are presented in section 5.)2.5 E F0(DISCLAIMER:)112 376.8 Q F1 3.333(An)3.333
-G .833(umber of e)199.216 376.8 R .832
-(xamples in this paper use names of actual people and)-.15 F(or)112 388.8 Q
--.05(ga)-.18 G 4.572(nizations. This).05 F 2.072
-(is not intended to imply a commitment or e)4.572 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.573(na).15
-G 4.573(ni)409.987 388.8 S(ntellectual)422.34 388.8 Q 1.094
-(agreement on the part of these people or or)112 400.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 3.594
-(nizations. In).05 F(particular)3.594 E 3.594(,B)-.4 G 1.094(ell T)408.896
-400.8 R(elephone)-.7 E .656
-(Laboratories \(BTL\), Digital Equipment Corporation \(DEC\), La)112 412.8 R
-.657(wrence Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.157(yL)-.15 G(abo-)446.23 412.8 Q 2.136
-(ratories \(LBL\), Britton-Lee Incorporated \(BLI\), and the Uni)112 424.8 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.136(rsity of California at).15 F(Berk)112 436.8 Q(ele)-.1 E
-3.088(ya)-.15 G .588(re not committed to an)155.378 436.8 R 3.089(yo)-.15 G
-3.089(ft)261.219 436.8 S .589(hese proposals at this time.)270.418 436.8 R .589
-(Much of this paper)5.589 F
-(represents no more than the personal opinions of the author)112 448.8 Q(.)-.55
-E F0 2.5(1. DEFINITIONS)72 477 R F1 .266(There are four basic concepts that mu\
-st be clearly distinguished when dealing with mail systems:)112 493.2 R .514
-(the user \(or the user')87 505.2 R 3.014(sa)-.55 G .515(gent\), the user')
-182.6 505.2 R 3.015(si)-.55 G .515(denti\214cation, the user')253.025 505.2 R
-3.015(sa)-.55 G .515(ddress, and the route.)354.56 505.2 R .515(These are dis-)
-5.515 F(tinguished primarily by their position independence.)87 517.2 Q F0 2.5
-(1.1. User)87 541.2 R(and Identi\214cation)2.5 E F1 .264
-(The user is the being \(a person or program\) that is creating or recei)127
-557.4 R .263(ving a message.)-.25 F(An)5.263 E F2 -.1(age)2.763 G(nt).1 E F1
-.659(is an entity operating on behalf of the user \212 such as a secretary who\
- handles my mail.)102 569.4 R .66(or a pro-)5.66 F(gram that automatically ret\
-urns a message such as \231I am at the UNICOM conference.)102 581.4 Q<9a>-.7 E
-.931(The identi\214cation is the tag that goes along with the particular user)
-127 597.6 R 5.931(.T)-.55 G .931(his tag is completely)418.707 597.6 R .216
-(independent of location.)102 609.6 R -.15(Fo)5.216 G 2.716(re).15 G .216
-(xample, my identi\214cation is the string \231Eric Allman,)225.324 609.6 R
-2.717<9a61>-.7 G .217(nd this identi-)448.006 609.6 R 1.228
-(\214cation does not change whether I am located at U.C. Berk)102 621.6 R(ele)
--.1 E 2.527 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 3.727(tB).65 G 1.227
-(ritton-Lee, or at a scienti\214c)390.502 621.6 R(institute in Austria.)102
-633.6 Q 2.379
-(Since the identi\214cation is frequently ambiguous \(e.g., there are tw)127
-649.8 R 4.879<6f99>-.1 G 2.38(Robert Henry\232s at)426.48 649.8 R(Berk)102
-661.8 Q(ele)-.1 E .316(y\) it is common to add other disambiguating informatio\
-n that is not strictly part of the iden-)-.15 F
-(ti\214cation \(e.g., Robert \231Code Generator\232 Henry v)102 673.8 Q
-(ersus Robert \231System Administrator\232 Henry\).)-.15 E F0 -1(Ve)72 756 S
-(rsion 8.2)1 E(USENIX \255 J)249.805 756 Q(an 83)-.15 E(Last Mod 11/27/93)
-424.55 756 Q EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(3)
-499 60 Q 2.5(1.2. Addr)87 96 R(ess)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .785
-(The address speci\214es a location.)127 112.2 R .786(As I mo)5.786 F 1.086
--.15(ve a)-.15 H .786(round, my address changes.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.786 G 3.286
-(re).15 G .786(xample, my)455.994 112.2 R 9.712
-(address might change from \231eric@Berk)102 124.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
-(ARP).65 E 9.711(A\232 to \231eric@bli.UUCP\232 or \231all-)-.92 F
-(man@IIASA.Austria\232 depending on my current af)102 136.2 Q(\214liation.)-.25
-E(Ho)127 152.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.819 -.4(r, a).15 H 4.519(na).4 G
-2.019(ddress is independent of the location of an)188.018 152.4 R 2.019
-(yone else.)-.15 F 2.02(That is, my address)7.02 F .385(remains the same to e)
-102 164.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .385(ryone who might be sending me mail.).15 F -.15
-(Fo)5.385 G 2.885(re).15 G .385(xample, a person at MIT and a)379.22 164.4 R
-(person at USC could both send to \231eric@Berk)102 176.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
--.15 G(ARP).65 E(A\232 and ha)-.92 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.5(ta).15 G(rri)388.44
-176.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he same mailbox.)422.48 176.4 Q .627
-(Ideally a \231white pages\232 service w)127 192.6 R .627(ould be pro)-.1 F
-.627(vided to map user identi\214cations into addresses)-.15 F .444(\(for e)102
-204.6 R .444(xample, see [Solomon81]\).)-.15 F .444
-(Currently this is handled by passing around scraps of paper or by)5.444 F
-(calling people on the telephone to \214nd out their address.)102 216.6 Q F0
-2.5(1.3. Route)87 240.6 R F1 .288(While an address speci\214es)127 256.8 R/F2
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wher)2.788 E(e)-.37 E F1 .289
-(to \214nd a mailbox, a route speci\214es)2.789 F F2(how)2.789 E F1 .289
-(to \214nd the mailbox.)2.789 F(Speci\214cally)102 268.8 Q 2.607(,i)-.65 G
-2.607(ts)156.457 268.8 S .106(peci\214es a path from sender to recei)165.734
-268.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.706 -.55(r. A).15 H 2.606(ss).55 G .106
-(uch, the route is potentially dif)343.364 268.8 R .106(ferent for)-.25 F -2.15
--.25(ev e)102 280.8 T(ry pair of people in the electronic uni).25 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G(rse.).15 E .258(Normally the route is hidden from the user by the softw)
-127 297 R 2.758(are. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.058 -.4(r, s).15 H
-.258(ome netw).4 F .258(orks put the)-.1 F -.2(bu)102 309 S 1.972
-(rden of determining the route onto the sender).2 F 6.971(.A)-.55 G 1.971
-(lthough this simpli\214es the softw)322.544 309 R 1.971(are, it also)-.1 F
-(greatly impairs the usability for most users.)102 321 Q(The UUCP netw)5 E
-(ork is an e)-.1 E(xample of such a netw)-.15 E(ork.)-.1 E F0 2.5(2. DESIGN)72
-345 R(GO)2.5 E(ALS)-.4 E F1(Design goals for)112 363.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E/F3 7
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)216.71 359.2 Q F1(include:)222.71 363.2 Q 12.5
-(\(1\) Compatibility)92 379.4 R 1.363(with the e)3.863 F 1.363
-(xisting mail programs, including Bell v)-.15 F 1.363(ersion 6 mail, Bell v)
--.15 F 1.364(ersion 7)-.15 F 3.589(mail, Berk)118.66 391.4 R(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E
-F2(Mail)6.089 E F1 3.589
-([Shoens79], BerkNet mail [Schmidt79], and hopefully UUCP mail)6.089 F([No)
-118.66 403.4 Q 2.5(witz78]. ARP)-.25 F(ANET mail [Crock)-.92 E(er82] w)-.1 E
-(as also required.)-.1 E 12.5(\(2\) Reliability)92 419.6 R 4.002(,i)-.65 G
-4.002(nt)169.522 419.6 S 1.502(he sense of guaranteeing that e)181.304 419.6 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.502(ry message is correctly deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.503
-(red or at least).15 F .368
-(brought to the attention of a human for correct disposal; no message should e)
-118.66 431.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.868(rb).15 G 2.868(ec)452.252 431.6 S
-(ompletely)464 431.6 Q 2.54(lost. This)118.66 443.6 R .04(goal w)2.54 F .041
-(as considered essential because of the emphasis on mail in our en)-.1 F 2.541
-(vironment. It)-.4 F 1.755
-(has turned out to be one of the hardest goals to satisfy)118.66 455.6 R 4.254
-(,e)-.65 G 1.754(specially in the f)363.756 455.6 R 1.754(ace of the man)-.1 F
-(y)-.15 E .977(anomalous message formats produced by v)118.66 467.6 R .977
-(arious ARP)-.25 F .977(ANET sites.)-.92 F -.15(Fo)5.977 G 3.478(re).15 G .978
-(xample, certain sites)420.114 467.6 R .069
-(generate improperly formated addresses, occasionally causing error)118.66
-479.6 R .069(-message loops.)-.2 F .068(Some hosts)5.069 F .766(use blanks in \
-names, causing problems with mail programs that assume that an address is one)
-118.66 491.6 R -.1(wo)118.66 503.6 S 3.924(rd. The).1 F 1.423
-(semantics of some \214elds are interpreted slightly dif)3.923 F 1.423
-(ferently by dif)-.25 F 1.423(ferent sites.)-.25 F(In)6.423 E(summary)118.66
-515.6 Q 3.022(,t)-.65 G .523(he obscure features of the ARP)163.532 515.6 R
-.523(ANET mail protocol really)-.92 F F2(ar)3.023 E(e)-.37 E F1 .523
-(used and are dif)3.023 F(\214cult)-.25 E(to support, b)118.66 527.6 Q
-(ut must be supported.)-.2 E 12.5(\(3\) Existing)92 543.8 R(softw)2.939 E .439
-(are to do actual deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ry should be used whene).15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.938(rp).15 G 2.938(ossible. This)387.658 543.8 R .438
-(goal deri)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.938(sa).15 G(s)500.11 543.8 Q
-(much from political and practical considerations as technical.)118.66 555.8 Q
-12.5(\(4\) Easy)92 572 R -.15(ex)2.898 G .398(pansion to f).15 F .398
-(airly comple)-.1 F 2.898(xe)-.15 G -.4(nv)261.06 572 S .399
-(ironments, including multiple connections to a single net-).4 F -.1(wo)118.66
-584 S .63(rk type \(such as with multiple UUCP or Ethernets\).).1 F .63
-(This goal requires consideration of the)5.63 F
-(contents of an address as well as its syntax in order to determine which g)
-118.66 596 Q(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.5(yt).1 G 2.5(ou)443.48 596 S(se.)
-455.98 596 Q 12.5(\(5\) Con\214guration)92 612.2 R 1.048
-(information should not be compiled into the code.)3.548 F 3.549(As)6.049 G
-1.049(ingle compiled program)405.802 612.2 R .084
-(should be able to run as is at an)118.66 624.2 R 2.584(ys)-.15 G .083
-(ite \(barring such basic changes as the CPU type or the operat-)256.196 624.2
-R .342(ing system\).)118.66 636.2 R 1.942 -.8(We h)5.342 H -2.25 -.2(av e).8 H
-.343(found this seemingly unimportant goal to be critical in real life.)3.042 F
-(Besides)5.343 E .734(the simple problems that occur when an)118.66 648.2 R
-3.234(yp)-.15 G .734(rogram gets recompiled in a dif)295.568 648.2 R .733
-(ferent en)-.25 F(vironment,)-.4 E(man)118.66 660.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ites lik)
-147.12 660.2 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5<6f99>183.69 660.2 S(\214ddle\232 with an)195.63
-660.2 Q(ything that the)-.15 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill be recompiling an)327.27 660.2
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-678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL
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-120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8
-DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152
-678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160
-678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL
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-/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This section mak)3.2 I
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-118.66 96 Q F1 .184(must be able to let v)2.684 F .184
-(arious groups maintain their o)-.25 F .184(wn mailing lists, and let indi)-.25
-F(viduals)-.25 E(specify their o)118.66 108 Q(wn forw)-.25 E
-(arding, without modifying the system alias \214le.)-.1 E 12.5(\(7\) Each)92
-124.2 R .313(user should be able to specify which mailer to e)2.814 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .313(cute to process mail being deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313(red for)
-.15 F 3.098(him. This)118.66 136.2 R .598(feature allo)3.098 F .598
-(ws users who are using specialized mailers that use a dif)-.25 F .598
-(ferent format to)-.25 F -.2(bu)118.66 148.2 S .25(ild their en).2 F .25
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-118.66 160.2 Q(acation\232 message\).)-.25 E 12.5(\(8\) Netw)92 176.4 R 1.552
-(ork traf)-.1 F 1.552(\214c should be minimized by batching addresses to a sin\
-gle host where possible,)-.25 F(without assistance from the user)118.66 188.4 Q
-(.)-.55 E .375(These goals moti)112 204.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G .375
-(ted the architecture illustrated in \214gure 1.).25 F .374
-(The user interacts with a mail gen-)5.375 F .49(erating and sending program.)
-87 216.6 R .491(When the mail is created, the generator calls)5.49 F F2
-(sendmail)2.991 E F1 2.991(,w)C .491(hich routes the)444.138 216.6 R .841
-(message to the correct mailer\(s\).)87 228.6 R .841
-(Since some of the senders may be netw)5.841 F .84(ork serv)-.1 F .84
-(ers and some of the)-.15 F(mailers may be netw)87 240.6 Q(ork clients,)-.1 E
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--.25 G -.65(y.).1 G F0 2.5(3. USA)72 264.6 R(GE)-.55 E 2.5(3.1. Addr)87 288.6 R
-(ess F)-.18 E(ormats)-.25 E F1(Ar)127 304.8 Q .886
-(guments may be \215ags or addresses.)-.18 F .886(Flags set v)5.886 F .886
-(arious processing options.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.886 G(llo).15 E .886(wing \215ag)
--.25 F(ar)102 316.8 Q .611(guments, address ar)-.18 F .611(guments may be gi)
--.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.111(n. Addresses).15 F(follo)3.111 E 3.111(wt)-.25 G
-.611(he syntax in RFC822 [Crock)365.558 316.8 R(er82])-.1 E(for ARP)102 328.8 Q
-(ANET address formats.)-.92 E(In brief, the format is:)5 E 12.5(\(1\) An)107
-345 R(ything in parentheses is thro)-.15 E(wn a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G 2.5(y\().1
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-(>\232\) is preferred o)1.666 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.551(ra).15 G -.15(ny)348.064
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-79 408 74 408 DL 84 408 79 408 DL 89 408 84 408 DL 94 408 89 408 DL 99 408 94
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-144 408 139 408 DL 149 408 144 408 DL 154 408 149 408 DL 159 408 154 408 DL 164
-408 159 408 DL 169 408 164 408 DL 174 408 169 408 DL 179 408 174 408 DL 184 408
-179 408 DL 189 408 184 408 DL 194 408 189 408 DL 199 408 194 408 DL 204 408 199
-408 DL 209 408 204 408 DL 214 408 209 408 DL 219 408 214 408 DL 224 408 219 408
-DL 229 408 224 408 DL 234 408 229 408 DL 239 408 234 408 DL 244 408 239 408 DL
-249 408 244 408 DL 254 408 249 408 DL 259 408 254 408 DL 264 408 259 408 DL 269
-408 264 408 DL 274 408 269 408 DL 279 408 274 408 DL 284 408 279 408 DL 289 408
-284 408 DL 294 408 289 408 DL 299 408 294 408 DL 304 408 299 408 DL 309 408 304
-408 DL 314 408 309 408 DL 319 408 314 408 DL 324 408 319 408 DL 329 408 324 408
-DL 334 408 329 408 DL 339 408 334 408 DL 344 408 339 408 DL 349 408 344 408 DL
-354 408 349 408 DL 359 408 354 408 DL 364 408 359 408 DL 369 408 364 408 DL 374
-408 369 408 DL 379 408 374 408 DL 384 408 379 408 DL 389 408 384 408 DL 394 408
-389 408 DL 399 408 394 408 DL 404 408 399 408 DL 409 408 404 408 DL 414 408 409
-408 DL 419 408 414 408 DL 424 408 419 408 DL 429 408 424 408 DL 434 408 429 408
-DL 439 408 434 408 DL 444 408 439 408 DL 449 408 444 408 DL 454 408 449 408 DL
-459 408 454 408 DL 464 408 459 408 DL 469 408 464 408 DL 474 408 469 408 DL 479
-408 474 408 DL 484 408 479 408 DL 489 408 484 408 DL 494 408 489 408 DL 499 408
-494 408 DL 504 408 499 408 DL(Figure 1 \212 Sendmail System Structure.)208 660
-Q 77 672 72 672 DL 79 672 74 672 DL 84 672 79 672 DL 89 672 84 672 DL 94 672 89
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(5)
-499 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(user name <machine-address>)173.66 96 Q(will s\
-end to the electronic \231machine-address\232 rather than the human \231user n\
-ame.)133.66 112.2 Q<9a>-.7 E 12.5(\(3\) Double)107 128.4 R 2.246(quotes \()
-4.746 F -2.754 2.5("\) q)2.5 H 2.246
-(uote phrases; backslashes quote characters.)224.188 128.4 R 2.246
-(Backslashes are more)7.246 F(po)133.66 140.4 Q .654(werful in that the)-.25 F
-3.154(yw)-.15 G .655(ill cause otherwise equi)229.196 140.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.655(lent phrases to compare dif).25 F .655(ferently \212 for)-.25 F -.15(ex)
-133.66 152.4 S(ample,).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(user)3.873 E F1(and)3.873 E
-F2("user")3.872 E F1 1.372(are equi)3.872 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.372(lent, b).25 F
-(ut)-.2 E F2(\\user)3.872 E F1 1.372(is dif)3.872 F 1.372
-(ferent from either of them.)-.25 F(This)6.372 E(might be used to a)133.66
-164.4 Q -.2(vo)-.2 G(id normal aliasing or duplicate suppression algorithms.).2
-E -.15(Pa)127 180.6 S 1.12(rentheses, angle brack).15 F 1.12
-(ets, and double quotes must be properly balanced and nested.)-.1 F(The)6.12 E
-(re)102 194.6 Q(writing rules control remaining parsing)-.25 E/F3 7
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)266.17 190.6 Q F1(.)269.67 194.6 Q .644(Although old style\
- addresses are still accepted in most cases, the preferred address format is)
-127 210.8 R .299(based on ARP)102 222.8 R(ANET)-.92 E .299
-(-style domain-based addresses [Su82a].)-.92 F .299
-(These addresses are based on a hierar)5.299 F(-)-.2 E .13
-(chical, logical decomposition of the address space.)102 234.8 R .13
-(The addresses are hierarchical in a sense similar)5.13 F 1.133(to the U.S. po\
-stal addresses: the messages may \214rst be routed to the correct state, with \
-no initial)102 246.8 R .72
-(consideration of the city or other addressing details.)102 258.8 R .72
-(The addresses are logical in that each step in)5.72 F(the hierarch)102 270.8 Q
-2.5(yc)-.05 G
-(orresponds to a set of \231naming authorities\232 rather than a ph)161.37
-270.8 Q(ysical netw)-.05 E(ork.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)127 287 S 2.5(re).15 G
-(xample, the address:)147.53 287 Q(eric@HostA.BigSite.ARP)142 303.2 Q(A)-.92 E
--.1(wo)102 319.4 S .851
-(uld \214rst look up the domain BigSite in the namespace administrated by ARP)
-.1 F 3.351(A. A)-.92 F .851(query could)3.351 F 1.476
-(then be sent to BigSite for interpretation of HostA.)102 331.4 R(Ev)6.475 E
-1.475(entually the mail w)-.15 F 1.475(ould arri)-.1 F 1.775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-3.975(tH).15 G(ostA,)482.61 331.4 Q(which w)102 343.4 Q
-(ould then do \214nal deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry to user \231eric.).15 E<9a>
--.7 E F0 2.5(3.2. Mail)87 367.4 R(to Files and Pr)2.5 E(ograms)-.18 E F1 .609
-(Files and programs are le)127 383.6 R .609(gitimate message recipients.)-.15 F
-.609(Files pro)5.609 F .609(vide archi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.109(ls).25 G .61
-(torage of mes-)445.02 383.6 R .124
-(sages, useful for project administration and history)102 395.6 R 5.124(.P)-.65
-G .124(rograms are useful as recipients in a v)318.308 395.6 R .124(ariety of)
--.25 F .69(situations, for e)102 407.6 R .691(xample, to maintain a public rep\
-ository of systems messages \(such as the Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2
-(msgs)102 419.6 Q F1(program\).)2.5 E(An)127 435.8 Q 3.188(ya)-.15 G .688(ddre\
-ss passing through the initial parsing algorithm as a local address \(i.e, not\
- appear)151.698 435.8 R(-)-.2 E .276(ing to be a v)102 447.8 R .276
-(alid address for another mailer\) is scanned for tw)-.25 F 2.776(os)-.1 G .277
-(pecial cases.)362.128 447.8 R .277(If pre\214x)5.277 F .277(ed by a v)-.15 F
-(erti-)-.15 E .18(cal bar \(\231)102 459.8 R .833<7c9a>.833 G 2.68(\)t)-.833 G
-.179(he rest of the address is processed as a shell command.)156.456 459.8 R
-.179(If the user name be)5.179 F .179(gins with a)-.15 F(slash mark \(\231/)102
-471.8 Q(\232\) the name is used as a \214le name, instead of a login name.).833
-E F0 2.5(3.3. Aliasing,)87 495.8 R -.25(Fo)2.5 G(rwarding, Inclusion).25 E F2
-(Sendmail)127 512 Q F1 1.074(reroutes mail three w)3.574 F 3.574(ays. Aliasing)
--.1 F 1.075(applies system wide.)3.575 F -.15(Fo)6.075 G(rw).15 E 1.075
-(arding allo)-.1 F 1.075(ws each)-.25 F .233
-(user to reroute incoming mail destined for that account.)102 524 R .233
-(Inclusion directs)5.233 F F2(sendmail)2.733 E F1 .233(to read a \214le for)
-2.733 F 2.5(al)102 536 S
-(ist of addresses, and is normally used in conjunction with aliasing.)111.72
-536 Q F0 2.5(3.3.1. Aliasing)102 560 R F1 .065
-(Aliasing maps local addresses to address lists using a system-wide \214le.)142
-576.2 R .065(This \214le is hashed)5.065 F 1.546(to speed access.)117 588.2 R
-1.545(Only addresses that parse as local are allo)6.546 F 1.545
-(wed as aliases; this guarantees a)-.25 F(unique k)117 600.2 Q .3 -.15(ey \()
--.1 H(since there are no nicknames for the local host\).).15 E F0 2.5(3.3.2. F)
-102 624.2 R(orwarding)-.25 E F1 .641
-(After aliasing, if an recipient address speci\214es a local user)142 640.4 R
-F2(sendmail)3.141 E F1 .641(searches for a \231.for)3.141 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)117
-652.4 S .413(rd\232 \214le in the recipient').1 F 2.913(sh)-.55 G .413
-(ome directory)235.335 652.4 R 5.413(.I)-.65 G 2.913(fi)302.161 652.4 S 2.913
-(te)311.184 652.4 S .413(xists, the message is)321.167 652.4 R F2(not)2.913 E
-F1 .412(sent to that user)2.913 F 2.912(,b)-.4 G(ut)496.22 652.4 Q .745
-(rather to the list of addresses in that \214le.)117 664.4 R .746
-(Often this list will contain only one address, and the)5.746 F
-(feature will be used for netw)117 676.4 Q(ork mail forw)-.1 E(arding.)-.1 E
-.32 LW 76 686 72 686 DL 80 686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686 DL 92
-686 88 686 DL 96 686 92 686 DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108 686 104
-686 DL 112 686 108 686 DL 116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686 120 686
-DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132 686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136 686 DL
-144 686 140 686 DL 148 686 144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686 152 686 DL 160
-686 156 686 DL 164 686 160 686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172 686 168 686 DL 176 686
-172 686 DL 180 686 176 686 DL 184 686 180 686 DL 188 686 184 686 DL 192 686 188
-686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL 200 686 196 686 DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686 204 686
-DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216 686 212 686 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 696.4 Q
-/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Disclaimer: Some special processing is done after re)3.2
-I(writing local names; see belo)-.2 E -.52(w.)-.2 G F0 -1(Ve)72 756 S
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(6)
-499 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.15(Fo)142 96 S(rw).15 E 1.152
-(arding also permits a user to specify a pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.151
-(te incoming mailer).25 F 6.151(.F)-.55 G 1.151(or e)437.348 96 R 1.151
-(xample, for)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)117 108 S(rding to:).1 E -2.5 .833("| /)157
-124.2 T(usr/local/ne)-.833 E(wmail myname")-.25 E(will use a dif)117 140.4 Q
-(ferent incoming mailer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(3.3.3. Inclusion)102 164.4 R F1
-(Inclusion is speci\214ed in RFC 733 [Crock)142 180.6 Q(er77] syntax:)-.1 E
-(:Include: pathname)157 196.8 Q .391
-(An address of this form reads the \214le speci\214ed by)117 213 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(pathname)2.891 E F1 .391
-(and sends to all users listed in that)2.891 F(\214le.)117 225 Q .645
-(The intent is)142 241.2 R F2(not)3.145 E F1 .644
-(to support direct use of this feature, b)3.145 F .644
-(ut rather to use this as a subset of)-.2 F 2.5(aliasing. F)117 253.2 R(or e)
--.15 E(xample, an alias of the form:)-.15 E
-(project: :include:/usr/project/userlist)157 269.4 Q 1.93(is a method of letti\
-ng a project maintain a mailing list without interaction with the system)117
-285.6 R(administration, e)117 297.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)203.54
-297.6 S(he alias \214le is protected.)212.15 297.6 Q 2.025
-(It is not necessary to reb)142 313.8 R 2.025(uild the inde)-.2 F 4.524(xo)-.15
-G 4.524(nt)317.828 313.8 S 2.024(he alias database when a :include: list is)
-330.132 313.8 R(changed.)117 325.8 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Message)87 349.8 R(Collection)
-2.5 E F1 .857(Once all recipient addresses are parsed and v)127 366 R .857
-(eri\214ed, the message is collected.)-.15 F .857(The message)5.857 F .574
-(comes in tw)102 378 R 3.074(op)-.1 G .574
-(arts: a message header and a message body)164.452 378 R 3.074(,s)-.65 G .574
-(eparated by a blank line.)349.734 378 R .573(The body is)5.574 F
-(an uninterpreted sequence of te)102 390 Q(xt lines.)-.15 E
-(The header is formated as a series of lines of the form)127 406.2 Q
-(\214eld-name: \214eld-v)178 422.4 Q(alue)-.25 E(Field-v)102 438.6 Q 1.366
-(alue can be split across lines by starting the follo)-.25 F 1.366
-(wing lines with a space or a tab)-.25 F 6.366(.S)-.4 G(ome)486.78 438.6 Q .211
-(header \214elds ha)102 450.6 R .511 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .211
-(pecial internal meaning, and ha).15 F .511 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .211
-(ppropriate special processing.).15 F .21(Other headers)5.21 F
-(are simply passed through.)102 462.6 Q
-(Some header \214elds may be added automatically)5 E 2.5(,s)-.65 G
-(uch as time stamps.)413.53 462.6 Q F0 2.5(4. THE)72 486.6 R(UUCP PR)2.5 E
-(OBLEM)-.3 E F1 .43(Of particular interest is the UUCP netw)112 502.8 R 2.93
-(ork. The)-.1 F -.15(ex)2.93 G .43(plicit routing used in the UUCP en).15 F
-(vironment)-.4 E .909(causes a number of serious problems.)87 514.8 R .909
-(First, gi)5.909 F .908(ving out an address is impossible without kno)-.25 F
-.908(wing the)-.25 F .453(address of your potential correspondent.)87 526.8 R
-.454(This is typically handled by specifying the address relati)5.453 F .754
--.15(ve t)-.25 H(o).15 E 1.208(some \231well-kno)87 538.8 R 1.208
-(wn\232 host \(e.g., ucb)-.25 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.708(xo).25 G 3.708(rd)253.47
-538.8 S(ecv)265.508 538.8 Q 3.708(ax\). Second,)-.25 F 1.207(it is often dif)
-3.708 F 1.207(\214cult to compute the set of)-.25 F .157
-(addresses to reply to without some kno)87 550.8 R .157
-(wledge of the topology of the netw)-.25 F 2.657(ork. Although)-.1 F .157
-(it may be easy)2.657 F .352(for a human being to do this under man)87 562.8 R
-2.851(yc)-.15 G .351(ircumstances, a program does not ha)259.713 562.8 R .651
--.15(ve e)-.2 H .351(qually sophisticated).15 F 1.153(heuristics b)87 574.8 R
-1.153(uilt in.)-.2 F 1.154(Third, certain addresses will become painfully and \
-unnecessarily long, as when a)6.153 F .406(message is routed through man)87
-586.8 R 2.906(yh)-.15 G .406(osts in the USENET)225.81 586.8 R 5.406(.A)-.74 G
-.406(nd \214nally)322.804 586.8 R 2.905(,c)-.65 G .405(ertain \231mix)370.465
-586.8 R .405(ed domain\232 addresses)-.15 F
-(are impossible to parse unambiguously \212 e.g.,)87 598.8 Q(decv)127 615 Q
-(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25(va)-.15 G(x!lbl-h!user@LBL-CSAM).25 E .378(might ha)87
-631.2 R .678 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(an).15 E 2.878(yp)-.15 G .379
-(ossible resolutions, depending on whether the message w)164.574 631.2 R .379
-(as \214rst routed to decv)-.1 F .379(ax or)-.25 F(to LBL-CSAM.)87 643.2 Q 2.32
--.8(To s)112 659.4 T(olv).8 E 3.22(et)-.15 G .72
-(his problem, the UUCP syntax w)152.49 659.4 R .719(ould ha)-.1 F 1.019 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H 3.219(ob).15 G 3.219(ec)346.956 659.4 S .719
-(hanged to use addresses rather than)359.055 659.4 R 3.718(routes. F)87 671.4 R
-1.218(or e)-.15 F 1.218(xample, the address \231decv)-.15 F(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25
-(va)-.15 G 1.218(x!eric\232 might be e).25 F 1.218(xpressed as \231eric@ucb)
--.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G(x.UUCP\232).25 E .079(\(with the hop through decv)87
-683.4 R .079(ax implied\).)-.25 F .079(This address w)5.079 F .078
-(ould itself be a domain-based address; for e)-.1 F(xam-)-.15 E
-(ple, an address might be of the form:)87 695.4 Q(mark@d.cbosg.btl.UUCP)127
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(7)
-499 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .311(Hosts outside of Bell T)87 96 R .311
-(elephone Laboratories w)-.7 F .311(ould then only need to kno)-.1 F 2.811(wh)
--.25 G .811 -.25(ow t)402.982 96 T 2.811(og).25 G .312(et to a designated)
-433.354 96 R(BTL relay)87 108 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd the BTL topology w)137.17 108
-Q(ould only be maintained inside Bell.)-.1 E .543(There are three major proble\
-ms associated with turning UUCP addresses into something reason-)112 124.2 R
-.465(able: de\214ning the namespace, creating and propag)87 136.2 R .465
-(ating the necessary softw)-.05 F .466(are, and b)-.1 F .466(uilding and main-)
--.2 F(taining the database.)87 148.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1. De\214ning)87 172.2 R
-(the Namespace)2.5 E F1 1.015(Putting all UUCP hosts into a \215at namespace \
-\(e.g., \231...@host.UUCP\232\) is not practical for a)127 188.4 R .222
-(number of reasons.)102 200.4 R .222(First, with o)5.222 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.722
-(r1).15 G .222(600 sites already)253.292 200.4 R 2.722(,a)-.65 G .222
-(nd \(with the increasing a)329.958 200.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .222
-(ilability of ine).25 F(x-)-.15 E(pensi)102 212.4 Q 1.973 -.15(ve m)-.25 H
-1.673(icrocomputers and autodialers\) se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.672
-(ral thousand more coming within a fe).15 F 4.172(wy)-.25 G 1.672(ears, the)
-469.008 212.4 R .078
-(database update problem is simply intractable if the namespace is \215at.)102
-224.4 R .078(Second, there are almost cer)5.078 F(-)-.2 E 2.446
-(tainly name con\215icts today)102 236.4 R 7.446(.T)-.65 G 2.446
-(hird, as the number of sites gro)232.794 236.4 R 4.946(wt)-.25 G 2.446
-(he names become e)386.316 236.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.946(rl).15 G(ess)491.78
-236.4 Q(mnemonic.)102 248.4 Q .534(It seems ine)127 264.6 R .535
-(vitable that there be some sort of naming authority for the set of top le)-.25
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.035(ln).15 G(ames)483.45 264.6 Q .157
-(in the UUCP domain, as unpleasant a possibility as that may seem.)102 276.6 R
-.157(It will simply not be possible to)5.157 F(ha)102 288.6 Q .536 -.15(ve o)
--.2 H .236(ne host resolving all names.).15 F .236(It may ho)5.236 F(we)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.736(rb).15 G 2.736(ep)316.144 288.6 S .236
-(ossible to handle this in a f)328.32 288.6 R .237(ashion similar to)-.1 F
-1.582(that of assigning names of ne)102 300.6 R 1.582(wsgroups in USENET)-.25 F
-6.582(.H)-.74 G -.25(ow)334.758 300.6 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 2.382 -.4(r, i)
-.25 H 4.082(tw).4 G 1.582(ill be essential to encourage)386.582 300.6 R -2.15
--.25(ev e)102 312.6 T .52(ryone to become subdomains of an e).25 F .52
-(xisting domain whene)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.02(rp).15 G .52(ossible \212 e)
-374.85 312.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.02(nt).15 G .52(hough this will)442.95 312.6 R
-.077(certainly bruise some e)102 324.6 R 2.577(gos. F)-.15 F .077(or e)-.15 F
-.077(xample, if a ne)-.15 F 2.577(wh)-.25 G .076
-(ost named \231blid\232 were to be added to the UUCP)310.843 324.6 R(netw)102
-336.6 Q .65(ork, it w)-.1 F .651(ould probably actually be addressed as \231d.\
-bli.UUCP\232 \(i.e., as host \231d\232 in the pseudo-)-.1 F
-(domain \231bli\232 rather than as host \231blid\232 in the UUCP domain\).)102
-348.6 Q F0 2.5(4.2. Cr)87 372.6 R(eating and Pr)-.18 E(opagating the Softwar)
--.18 E(e)-.18 E F1 .078(The softw)127 388.8 R .078
-(are required to implement a consistent namespace is relati)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G .077(ly tri).15 F 2.577(vial. T)-.25 F .277 -.1(wo m)-.8 H(odules).1 E
-(are needed, one to handle incoming mail and one to handle outgoing mail.)102
-400.8 Q 1.136(The incoming module must be prepared to handle either old or ne)
-127 417 R 3.636(ws)-.25 G 1.136(tyle addresses.)416.448 417 R(Ne)6.136 E(w-)
--.25 E .025(style addresses can be passed through unchanged.)102 429 R .024
-(Old style addresses must be turned into ne)5.025 F 2.524(ws)-.25 G(tyle)489
-429 Q(addresses where possible.)102 441 Q 2.247
-(The outgoing module is slightly trickier)127 457.2 R 7.247(.I)-.55 G 4.747(tm)
-309.932 457.2 S 2.247(ust do a database lookup on the recipient)325.239 457.2 R
-.823(addresses \(passed on the command line\) to determine what hosts to send \
-the message to.)102 469.2 R .823(If those)5.823 F .023(hosts do not accept ne)
-102 481.2 R .024(w-style addresses, it must transform all addresses in the hea\
-der of the message)-.25 F(into old style using the database lookup.)102 493.2 Q
-1.197(Both of these modules are straightforw)127 509.4 R 1.197(ard e)-.1 F
-1.197(xcept for the issue of modifying the header)-.15 F 6.197(.I)-.55 G(t)
-501.22 509.4 Q .944
-(seems prudent to choose one format for the message headers.)102 521.4 R -.15
-(Fo)5.944 G 3.444(ran).15 G .944(umber of reasons, Berk)391.448 521.4 R(ele)-.1
-E(y)-.15 E .824(has elected to use the ARP)102 533.4 R .824
-(ANET protocols for message formats.)-.92 F(Ho)5.823 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.623 -.4(r, t).15 H .823(his protocol is some-).4 F(what dif)102 545.4 Q
-(\214cult to parse.)-.25 E(Propag)127 561.6 Q 1.903(ation is some)-.05 F 1.903
-(what more dif)-.25 F 4.403(\214cult. There)-.25 F 1.903(are a lar)4.403 F
-1.903(ge number of hosts connected to)-.18 F .812(UUCP that will w)102 573.6 R
-.811(ant to run completely standard systems \(for v)-.1 F .811
-(ery good reasons\).)-.15 F .811(The strate)5.811 F .811(gy is)-.15 F
-(not to con)102 585.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt the entire netw).15 E
-(ork \212 only enough of it it alle)-.1 E(viate the problem.)-.25 E F0 2.5
-(4.3. Building)87 609.6 R(and Maintaining the Database)2.5 E F1 .127
-(This is by f)127 625.8 R .127(ar the most dif)-.1 F .128(\214cult problem.)
--.25 F 2.628(Ap)5.128 G .128(rototype for this database already e)309.736 625.8
-R .128(xists, b)-.15 F .128(ut it is)-.2 F
-(maintained by hand and does not pretend to be complete.)102 637.8 Q .701(This\
- problem will be reduced considerably if people choose to group their hosts in\
-to subdo-)127 654 R 3.219(mains. This)102 666 R -.1(wo)3.219 G .719
-(uld require a global update only when a ne).1 F 3.22(wt)-.25 G .72(op le)
-356.47 666 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.22(ld).15 G .72(omain joined the netw)396.95 666
-R(ork.)-.1 E 2.805(Am)102 678 S .305
-(essage to a host in a subdomain could simply be routed to a kno)119.805 678 R
-.304(wn domain g)-.25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.804(yf).1 G .304(or further)
-465.656 678 R 3.073(processing. F)102 690 R .573(or e)-.15 F .573(xample, the \
-address \231eric@a.bli.UUCP\232 might be routed to the \231bli\232 g)-.15 F
-(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.074(yf).1 G(or)495.67 690 Q(redistrib)102 702 Q
-1.376(ution; ne)-.2 F 3.876(wh)-.25 G 1.375
-(osts could be added within BLI without notifying the rest of the w)187.632 702
-R 3.875(orld. Of)-.1 F(course, other hosts)102 714 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(could)2.5 E F1(be noti\214ed as an ef)2.5 E(\214cienc)-.25 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G
-(easure.)321.01 714 Q F0 -1(Ve)72 756 S(rsion 8.2)1 E(USENIX \255 J)249.805 756
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-/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72 60 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(8)
-499 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .966(There may be more than one domain g)127 96
-R(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 4.767 -.65(y. A).1 H .967
-(domain such as BTL, for instance, might)4.117 F(ha)102 108 Q .653 -.15(ve a d)
--.2 H .353(ozen g).15 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G .353(ys to the outside w).1 F
-.352(orld; a non-BTL site could choose the closest g)-.1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)
--.25 G 4.152 -.65(y. T).1 H(he).65 E .308(only restriction w)102 120 R .308
-(ould be that all g)-.1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G .308
-(ys maintain a consistent vie).1 F 2.808(wo)-.25 G 2.808(ft)390.998 120 S .308
-(he domain the)399.916 120 R 2.808(yr)-.15 G(epresent.)468.18 120 Q F0 2.5
-(4.4. Logical)87 144 R(Structur)2.5 E(e)-.18 E F1(Logically)127 160.2 Q 3.803
-(,d)-.65 G 1.303(omains are or)175.983 160.2 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 1.303
-(nized into a tree.).05 F 1.303(There need not be a host actually associated)
-6.303 F .462(with each le)102 172.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.962(li).15 G 2.962(nt)
-168.806 172.2 S .462(he tree \212 for e)179.548 172.2 R .462
-(xample, there will be no host associated with the name \231UUCP)-.15 F -.7
-<2e9a>-1.11 G(Similarly)102 184.2 Q 3.115(,a)-.65 G 3.115(no)148.635 184.2 S
--2.19 -.18(rg a)161.75 184.2 T .614
-(nization might group names together for administrati).18 F .914 -.15(ve r)-.25
-H .614(easons; for e).15 F .614(xample, the)-.15 F(name)102 196.2 Q
-(CAD.research.BigCorp.UUCP)142 212.4 Q(might not actually ha)102 228.6 Q .3
--.15(ve a h)-.2 H(ost representing \231research.).15 E<9a>-.7 E(Ho)127 244.8 Q
-(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.531 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.231(tm).4 G .731
-(ay frequently be con)184.902 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .731(nient to ha).15 F
-1.031 -.15(ve a h)-.2 H .732(ost or hosts that \231represent\232 a domain.).15
-F -.15(Fo)102 256.8 S 3.466(re).15 G .966(xample, if a single host e)123.496
-256.8 R .966(xists that represents Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 2.266 -.65(y, t)-.15 H
-.966(hen mail from outside Berk).65 F(ele)-.1 E 3.466(yc)-.15 G(an)494.56 256.8
-Q(forw)102 268.8 Q .796
-(ard mail to that host for further resolution without kno)-.1 F .796(wing Berk)
--.25 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.296(s\()-.55 G .797(rather v)417.066 268.8 R .797
-(olatile\) topol-)-.2 F(ogy)102 280.8 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his is not unlik)129.96
-280.8 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G(he operation of the telephone netw)198.76 280.8 Q(ork.)-.1
-E .053(This may also be useful inside certain lar)127 297 R .053(ge domains.)
--.18 F -.15(Fo)5.053 G 2.553(re).15 G .053(xample, at Berk)365.352 297 R(ele)
--.1 E 2.553(yi)-.15 G 2.553(tm)450.801 297 S .053(ay be pre-)463.914 297 R .722
-(sumed that most hosts kno)102 309 R 3.222(wa)-.25 G .722
-(bout other hosts inside the Berk)225.64 309 R(ele)-.1 E 3.223(yd)-.15 G 3.223
-(omain. But)380.825 309 R .723(if the)3.223 F 3.223(yp)-.15 G .723(rocess an)
-466.347 309 R .405(address that is unkno)102 321 R .405(wn, the)-.25 F 2.905
-(yc)-.15 G .405(an pass it \231upstairs\232 for further e)229.165 321 R 2.905
-(xamination. Thus)-.15 F .405(as ne)2.905 F 2.905(wh)-.25 G .405(osts are)
-473.325 321 R .488(added only one host \(the domain master\))102 333 R/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)2.989 E F1 .489
-(be updated immediately; other hosts can be updated)2.989 F(as con)102 345 Q
--.15(ve)-.4 G(nient.).15 E .583(Ideally this name resolution process w)127
-361.2 R .583(ould be performed by a name serv)-.1 F .582
-(er \(e.g., [Su82b]\) to)-.15 F -.2(avo)102 373.2 S .507(id unnecessary cop).2
-F .507(ying of the message.)-.1 F(Ho)5.507 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.307 -.4
-(r, i).15 H 3.007(nab).4 G .507(atch netw)346.623 373.2 R .508
-(ork such as UUCP this could)-.1 F(result in unnecessary delays.)102 385.2 Q F0
-2.5(5. COMP)72 409.2 R(ARISON WITH DELIVERMAIL)-.74 E F2(Sendmail)112 425.4 Q
-F1(is an outgro)2.5 E(wth of)-.25 E F2(delivermail)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C
-(he primary dif)286.18 425.4 Q(ferences are:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Con\214guration)
-92 441.6 R .573(information is not compiled in.)3.073 F .572
-(This change simpli\214es man)5.572 F 3.072(yo)-.15 G 3.072(ft)433.684 441.6 S
-.572(he problems of)442.866 441.6 R(mo)118.66 453.6 Q(ving to other machines.)
--.15 E(It also allo)5 E(ws easy deb)-.25 E(ugging of ne)-.2 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G
-(ailers.)388.06 453.6 Q 12.5(\(2\) Address)92 469.8 R .491
-(parsing is more \215e)2.991 F 2.991(xible. F)-.15 F .491(or e)-.15 F(xample,)
--.15 E F2(delivermail)2.992 E F1 .492(only supported one g)2.992 F(ate)-.05 E
--.1(wa)-.25 G 2.992(yt).1 G 2.992(oa)481.718 469.8 S -.15(ny)494.15 469.8 S
-(netw)118.66 481.8 Q(ork, whereas)-.1 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can be sensiti)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(oh).15 G(ost names and reroute to dif)310.9 481.8 Q
-(ferent g)-.25 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(ys.).1 E 12.5(\(3\) F)92 498 R(orw)
--.15 E 2.878(arding and :include: features eliminate the requirement that the \
-system alias \214le be)-.1 F 1.073(writable by an)118.66 510 R 3.573(yu)-.15 G
-1.073
-(ser \(or that an update program be written, or that the system administration)
-191.439 510 R(mak)118.66 522 Q 2.5(ea)-.1 G(ll changes\).)147.16 522 Q(\(4\))92
-538.2 Q F2(Sendmail)118.66 538.2 Q F1 .443
-(supports message batching across netw)2.944 F .443
-(orks when a message is being sent to multiple)-.1 F(recipients.)118.66 550.2 Q
-12.5(\(5\) A)92 566.4 R 1.945(mail queue is pro)4.445 F 1.946(vided in)-.15 F
-F2(sendmail.)4.446 E F1 1.946(Mail that cannot be deli)6.946 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.946(red immediately b).15 F 1.946(ut can)-.2 F .439(potentially be deli)
-118.66 578.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
-(red later is stored in this queue for a later retry).15 F 5.438(.T)-.65 G .438
-(he queue also pro)404.088 578.4 R .438(vides a)-.15 F -.2(bu)118.66 590.4 S
--.25(ff).2 G .838(er ag).25 F .839(ainst system crashes; after the message has\
- been collected it may be reliably redeli)-.05 F(v-)-.25 E(ered e)118.66 602.4
-Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)162.13 602.4 S
-(he system crashes during the initial deli)170.74 602.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15
-E(.)-.65 E(\(6\))92 618.6 Q F2(Sendmail)118.66 618.6 Q F1 1.351(uses the netw)
-3.851 F 1.351(orking support pro)-.1 F 1.351(vided by 4.2BSD to pro)-.15 F 1.35
-(vide a direct interf)-.15 F 1.35(ace net-)-.1 F -.1(wo)118.66 630.6 S .283
-(rks such as the ARP).1 F .284
-(ANET and/or Ethernet using SMTP \(the Simple Mail T)-.92 F .284
-(ransfer Protocol\))-.35 F -.15(ove)118.66 642.6 S 2.5(raT).15 G
-(CP/IP connection.)151.68 642.6 Q F0 -1(Ve)72 756 S(rsion 8.2)1 E
-(USENIX \255 J)249.805 756 Q(an 83)-.15 E(Last Mod 11/27/93)424.55 756 Q EP
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-(er77] Crock)-.1 F(er)-.1 E 3.535(,D)-.4 G 3.535(.H)239.965 148.2 S 1.035(., V)
-253.22 148.2 R 1.035(ittal, J. J., Pogran, K. T)-.6 F 1.035
-(., and Henderson, D. A. Jr)-.74 F(.,)-.55 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Stan-)
-3.535 E(dar)195 160.2 Q 2.627(df)-.37 G .127(or the F)218.927 160.2 R .127
-(ormat of ARP)-1.05 F 2.627(AN)-.9 G .128(etwork T)320.112 160.2 R -.2(ex)-.92
-G 2.628(tM).2 G(essa)377.018 160.2 Q -.1(ge)-.1 G(s.).1 E F0 .128
-(RFC 733, NIC 41952.)5.128 F(In [Feinler78].)195 172.2 Q(No)5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(mber 1977.).15 E([Crock)87 188.4 Q 56.73(er82] Crock)-.1 F(er)-.1 E 4.272(,D)
--.4 G 4.272(.H)240.702 188.4 S(.,)254.694 188.4 Q F1(Standar)4.272 E 4.272(df)
--.37 G 1.772(or the F)307.318 188.4 R 1.772(ormat of Arpa Internet T)-1.05 F
--.2(ex)-.92 G 4.271(tM).2 G(essa)471.15 188.4 Q -.1(ge)-.1 G(s.).1 E F0 .025
-(RFC 822.)195 200.4 R(Netw)5.025 E .025(ork Information Center)-.1 F 2.526(,S)
--.4 G .026(RI International, Menlo P)363.506 200.4 R .026(ark, Cali-)-.15 F 2.5
-(fornia. August)195 212.4 R(1982.)2.5 E 60.51([Feinler78] Feinler)87 228.6 R
-2.938(,E)-.4 G .438(., and Postel, J.)234.478 228.6 R(\(eds.\),)5.438 E F1(ARP)
-2.938 E .438(ANET Pr)-.9 F .438(otocol Handbook.)-.45 F F0 .438(NIC 7104,)5.438
-F(Netw)195 240.6 Q 3.011(ork Information Center)-.1 F 5.511(,S)-.4 G 3.012
-(RI International, Menlo P)328.513 240.6 R 3.012(ark, California.)-.15 F(1978.)
-195 252.6 Q([No)87 268.8 Q 59.65(witz78] No)-.25 F .479
-(witz, D. A., and Lesk, M. E.,)-.25 F F1 2.978(AD)2.978 G .478
-(ial-Up Network of UNIX Systems.)344.67 268.8 R F0(Bell)5.478 E 3.528
-(Laboratories. In)195 280.8 R 1.029(UNIX Programmer')3.528 F 3.529(sM)-.55 G
-1.029(anual, Se)363.524 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.029(nth Edition, V).15 F 1.029
-(olume 2.)-1.29 F(August, 1978.)195 292.8 Q 55.5([Schmidt79] Schmidt,)87 309 R
-(E.,)2.631 E F1 .131(An Intr)2.631 F .131(oduction to the Berk)-.45 F(ele)-.1 E
-2.631(yN)-.3 G(etwork.)382.277 309 Q F0(Uni)5.131 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .131
-(rsity of Califor).15 F(-)-.2 E(nia, Berk)195 321 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yC)-.15 G 2.5
-(alifornia. 1979.)257.24 321 R 59.95([Shoens79] Shoens,)87 337.2 R(K.,)3.227 E
-F1 .728(Mail Refer)3.227 F .728(ence Manual.)-.37 F F0(Uni)5.728 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G .728(rsity of California, Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 4.528 -.65(y. I)-.15 H(n).65 E
-3.478(UNIX Programmer')195 349.2 R 5.977(sM)-.55 G 3.477(anual, Se)297.495
-349.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.477(nth Edition, V).15 F 3.477(olume 2C.)-1.29 F
-(December)8.477 E(1979.)195 361.2 Q 52.72([Solomon81] Solomon,)87 377.4 R .251
-(M., Landweber)2.75 F 2.751(,L)-.4 G .251(., and Neuhengen, D.,)308.952 377.4 R
-F1 .251(The Design of the CSNET)2.751 F .397(Name Server)195 389.4 R(.)-1.11 E
-F0 2.896(CS-DN-2. Uni)5.397 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .396(rsity of W).15 F .396
-(isconsin, Madison.)-.4 F .396(October 1981.)5.396 F 73.84([Su82a] Su,)87 405.6
-R(Za)2.844 E .344(w-Sing, and Postel, Jon,)-.15 F F1 .344
-(The Domain Naming Con)2.844 F .344(vention for Internet)-.4 F 2.71
-(User Applications.)195 417.6 R F0 5.21(RFC819. Netw)7.71 F 2.71
-(ork Information Center)-.1 F 5.21(,S)-.4 G 2.71(RI Interna-)457.14 417.6 R
-(tional, Menlo P)195 429.6 Q(ark, California.)-.15 E(August 1982.)5 E 73.28
-([Su82b] Su,)87 445.8 R(Za)4.174 E(w-Sing,)-.15 E F1 4.174(AD)4.174 G(istrib)
-275.702 445.8 Q 1.675(uted System for Internet Name Service)-.2 F(.)-.15 E F0
-(RFC830.)6.675 E(Netw)195 457.8 Q 3.012(ork Information Center)-.1 F 5.512(,S)
--.4 G 3.011(RI International, Menlo P)328.516 457.8 R 3.011(ark, California.)
--.15 F(October 1982.)195 469.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Mail Systems and Addr)72
-756 Q(essing in 4.2bsd)-.18 E(9)499 756 Q EP
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